WILSON ADVANCE.
WILSON ADVANCE.
Published, Every Friday at
Wilson north Carolina.
by
Rates of Advxktisino.
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-:o
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tnw Im-h. n luaertioa..
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llllc'l'
VOLUME 14.--
WIISON, NORTH CAROLINA, JULY 25. 1884.
. Liberal Oisoounta -wiU be made far Iairer
-NUMBER 25
nttttrvistiii'iii nntl ivuninci Dj M9 XMr
Cash must . vouiptny all AdrtttlMOMatt
unless irood rviVrenco M ctYon.
TL he Wilson
A DVAiNCE
CAMPAIGN 1884.
iiiifk iir the mmm.
PLATKOltM IlKOAD ENOUGH
TO HOLI US ALL.
AllOVK SUSPICION.
Wro.vAr Cleveland.
linvvji iii liie obscure, town ol
Caldwell, Kssc county, N. J., there
.vt:iiiils vi l a liuli' to story aim
;. .-half wliiU hoso 'with wooden
hliuttf is, and Mi'Vi 111 1,111 Vear
'.8.17, was burn iephen Grover
Cleveland," now Governor of 'the
ireiit.tatc ol New YoYk. lie lias
only the most shadowy recollections
of if, for when lie was tHree years
of age his father, who ws a I'res
bytenan minister, with a large
family and small salary, moved by
way of the Hudson river and tin)
Cue canal to Fayetteville, in search
(fan increased income and a larger
field of work. Fayetteville was
then the most straggling of coun
try villages about live miles from
I'onipcy Hill, where Governor Key -moiir
was horn. Here the hoy
drover Cleveland lirst went to
mIiooI in the good old-fashioned
way, and presumably distinguished
lii.iiM'Il'afler the manner of all vil
l.gelios, in doing all the things
t hat he ought, not do. One thing
ppears to lie indisputable. Heat
the age of loin teeii had outgrown
the capacity oft lie village school
i lid expressed a most emphatic de
sire to lie stsit to an academy. To
this his father as emphatically ob
jected. Academics in those days
cost money. I'.esiiles, the elder
Cleveland wanted the lad to be
come si II support ing hj the quick-
st, possible load. The ijnickcst
possible load in Fayetteville. was
tlie t-iniiii iy store, wln re the pastor
villi a large family had considera
ble personal intliicncc. Fifty dol
I us was to he paid the boy the first
eir, and if he proved trustworthy
ie was to reeeie sjlnO the second
?year.
. .IN A COUNTRY 'STORK.
line can iisil enough incline
i . -' . :.. . " '
rLjin iiiiuo lue.u 11 one knows wnal
" '".'. .-.uni. in, n,-i im-
tties rangiug, wit h seat rely time for
intermediate soap and water, from
a t lr! i-i ii ir in ,n n i ulim,. ... if., .l.
dealing out mackerel :lii! molasses
to cutting off cotton print enough
' f ir tlie village lu-lle's new dress.
"There is a tradition comes from
ill- not at all ill defined.
'4 that young Cleveland in two years
" proved himself so trust wort v that
. Ins employers used all their elo-
quence to get him to stay on in
; definitely.. The exact significance
1
huh- in i hi- r a ci i c I in- rec
ord may be judged when the writer,
after taking some ' I rouble in un
earth it. finds it to be- a lecord of
Kiniplc, unswerving integrity ami
untiring loyalty (o the interests of
the boy's employers. The most
painstaking search -among twogeu
erations fails to discover any Hash
es of genius in that country store or
any inemoi ials ol i civntric I ah nt in
tii-it ...... ...ii . i. .
it il.i I, . .I'.l... I. I
.........,.,, , ui.ij;,.. i,,u liii-reis
uniniieaehal.le testiiuon that
whatever the boy's hand was giveu
to do he did it with all his heart,
i.nd that he left Iteliind him the'
reputation for bravery, fidelity and
candor that has outlived all 'these
years. It's curious how simple
mm ticn ume. in truth the
i'y
seem to tlinveand grow with it.
,' removal ol tin- ,.hler ('
love-
lamt to ( hntoii gave (i rover
t ho
long wished tor opportiuiitv
to at-
tend a High school, and I
he-.pursued
ins Ninnies industriously until the
family i.:oved upon the l.lack riv
er to what was then known as the
Holland Patent a village of live
or six hundred people fifteen miles
north ol I tica. n,,. ,.lK.,. ( (.V(.
laud preached but three Sundays
m t his place, when he suddenly died'
Ihis event produced the ' usual
oii-.ik up oi u, laniily.and wc
next
near oi uiover Cleveland
."setting
inn ior .ew York City lo accept at
a small salary the posit ion, . ,,,,,1,-r
teacher in an asylum for the blind
where at the time the since well
known Augustus Schell was exec,
tiveolliccr.
BKKAKS AWAY FKOM TfriMiSHIP.
He staved heie two years -uid
it has In-en found possible to dis-.y.-r
the same indelible reeo.d of
l;d work, faithfully performed and
wtjll remembered by those wl,
we're cognizant ! it. and who are
l,' !:"Vf' r"' u'l'S .'ountrv
on.. i- iu leacimig tlie bliud
is a Imiir
way on the
road of sir.ti.;..i:.. "
But , o teach he did noVMu
his mission, and consequently at
Ur "lratioi, of hy vu;
abandoned ,t and literally started
ntt seek Ins fnrti.neAn.lv
MrB,-,,,e. "M,al '-'ler, anil ia:
ste.,do.con,t((,lMniaU.
leu it. His ins .. .
.aeeiail.l. As he has
since said, i
lir l.i. , . , ' " .-,MHl "1'K'l..-
.......... ui-ic, i,evis F. Allen .
noted tock breeder iu ...i . ' .'.' '
r.i.. .,,,.1 i. ...... '"'" i.ui
.. , n Wl.llr st,.;lljut
toi advice and .'uid in,...
to Inn.
WANTS TO bh A LAWV
gU'e uncle di.l not siie ik em h.
astically. '' What is'Tf Vt "
to do, my boy f" he asked ''
"Well, sir, I waut to .",i,. .
uiLvui ....: 'aw.
.,1.1 Lrel.tl..,,,.,.. ..' -'""M'.l
u.v.t Kldl'lOUS r.m.....l.
the
... -i, .-on ;.. I i.
.'' iiii.ced
it ml.. i
flow mueh money ha VVT
lo t- the iruthhe ha.!..-,0 '-
luy. '
"See here," said the uncle
l.tncr ...... A . .
after
Somebody to e,t , V ,WiU,t '
wiisiiirarion. ui
this vpar vT, 1 ul l- look
mis year. i0u cqhip ;,! t ...
0, and help me aud I'll
. i r,7, " 'iu
g!ve you
V
s
I
50 for the year s
r's work ami you
rinXtwctnatwA,,,,
ican boy now ' annotating short
forns oft at Black Kock au.te two
miles from Buffalo. But he kept
his eye out for a chance to enter a
,-1 irc.na trl.ile he was editing the
stock book, and one day he walked
boldly into the rooms oi Messrs
Eogers, Bowen & Itogew, and told
them what lie -waim-.., a..v.
were a number of young men in
the place already. But ".youug
tl leveland's persistency won, anu
i he was finally permitted to come
I as an office boy and hare the use
! of the law library. For this he re
ceived the nominal sum ol 3 or 4
! a week, out of which he had to pay
his board aud washing. The walk
I to and from his uncle's was a long
and at that time a ragged one. ine
first winter was a memorably se
vere one, and his shoes were brok
en and he had no overcoat. But
he neTer intermitted a day. It be
gan to be noticed that he was the
most punctual and regular of the
lads in the office. Often at night
lie was eomnelled to stand by the
warm chimney in the loft where he
slept aud dry his feet after tramp
ing the two miles through the snow.
His senior employer had taken a
copy of Blackstone on tlie first day
of the boy's office experience and,
planting' it before him with a bang
that made the dust fly, said:
' That's where they all begin."
There was a titter ran round the
little circle of clerks, for it was a
lorebodingthing to begin with to
the average lad..- It appears, how
ever, that he stuck to the ' Black
stone so well that he mastered it,
and so absorbed was he in it one
night that they lockek him in and
all went off'. lie -spent that night
with the look and never forgot it.
TH K DISCIPLINE OF IIAHDSHIP.
This uneventful period of Grover
Cleveland's life, so devoid of ad
venture and barren of romance, was
the period at which all the forces
of his later life were Restating.
The privations and miseries of a
penniless novitiate gave away
slowly before his determined as
siduity and pluek. lie tells in his
own way with a beaming reminis
cent humor of tuej first honor that
came to him when his uncle, in
getting out the second volume of
his -'Breed Book," announced that
he intended to acknowledge in it
his valuable assistance. But" these
privations and miseries, it may
readily be seen by 'the tempera
ment of the man, were only so
many stimuli. His was not the
hypersensitive nature that winced
and wore under physical discom-
orts.
"See here," said his uncle to him
one bitter December night when
the lad had walked out to Black Kock
uroiigh the sleet and snow: "this
is pretty cold weather for vou to
be travelling without an overcoat."
"Oh," says the youns man. "I'm
going to buy one when I earn the
money." i
'Why, lobkat your feet: thev
must be sopping, eh?"
"Oli, that's nothing. I'm cet-
ting some c.iDvinsr to ilo W ml
I'll have a pair of lioots bv ami
by." '
In those days boys had to de
monstrate what was in them be-
tore ttiey received many favors.
"Vou just go right over there lo
the laylor's and get the stontst
overcoat he's got. )'y. 1,,.,. f
Very likely Grover had begun
to demonstrate what was in him.
1 Ml
unci,
whether to the mind of the
' it was a caiiacitv fur eonn.n
in
herd hooks or tli' -..it..
vontaiii Blackstone rlannot now be
learned. '
THE YliV.Ml LAWYER.
Four years in the office of
Logers, lJowen iS: Bogers as a stu
dent equipped him with a sufficient
elementary knowledge and experi
ence to liecome nianagiug clerk at
the end of that time. And so four
years more pass. It is interestin"
to know exactly what kmd of char
acter he fad now made for himself
and how was regarded bv his
associates. It is not difficu't to
ascertain this with reasonable ac
curacy, seeing that most of those
associates are alive and accessible
and speak with noticeable candor
and unanimity.
Said one of 'them to the writer :
"(.rover won our admiration by his
three traits of -indomitable indust
'. inpieteiitious courage and un
swerving honesty. 1 never saw a
"ore thorough man at anything he
undertook. Whatever the subject
was. he was reticent until he had
mastered all its bearings and made
"P his own mind and then noth
'ild swerve him from his coii
yi' Non. It was this quality of in
eiiectual integrity more than auv
t lung else perhaps that made him
alterwards listened to and respect.
el when more brilliant men who
were opposed him were appland
p1 and forgotten."
TnE FIRST STEP INTO PUBLIC
LIFE.
In 163 the question of who
should be appointed Assistant
nistTict-Attouiey for the comity
ot hne was warmly discussed bv
the young lawyers in Messrs.
Kogers & Bowen 's oftW. Ti iora
were
several that were both licr?.
aim anxious, but it does not
appear that young Cleveland ad
vanced his own claims. TiiiW.l if
. I:,ct tnat alter the matter had
"-u pretty, well canvas.sed thev
all agreed that he was the person
that ought to have it and thev
c.i mm to-accept it. This sim
I"' incident speaks volumes for the
, "'ready .developed character of the
young mau. He vas apiKjinted, carry bis private convictions into
:nd from that moment bis public his public duties with no regard to
record liegan. Duriug the three ! partisanship on the one hand or
yean- ve was in the District-Attor- i the influence and threats of politi
'y s 0fli,.e tne g,.eat 5ik 0f i(S I t.ai scoundrels on the other. There
duties fell upon bis shoulders, and was no nncertain sound in his in
hen it was that his enormous j augural message. It rang clear
ital strength and tireless inui.s- and simple.
"y made themselves felt. One may -'We hold," said he, "the money
sj.v now that it is well perhaps ; of the people in our hands, to be
that the District-Attorney Ip-hself used for their purposes and to fur-
was rather disooseii- th i..f- vntii I
"d vigor shoulder the rienr narr
of
n... -T :
mi- lesoonsiii.i.rv. ir n-oc incr
"e training that young Clevelaud i
- r - - - .1 ;
".vueii anil he weut into it with
his coat off.
It was during the performance
of the duties of this office, and at a
time when a large number of im
portant cases with which be alone
was thoroughly familiar were de
manding bis attention, that be was
drafted. There was ltd question
at all of what his duty was. lie
promptly supplied a substitute.
So well and faithfully had he con
ducted the affairs of the county
that at the end of three years he
was nominated by the Democrats
for the IMstiiet-Attorneyship.
Here, again it is an indisputable
fart that he ' did not solicit tho
nomination, hesitated to accept it,
and did not turn his hand over to
secure his election. It is said in
Buffalo that on the day of election
he was tryiug a case in court while
his friends er& electioneering for
him on the street, and the Judge
ou the Bench, who was presumably
au admirer of his, peremptorily ad
journed the case and told Clove
land to go and attend to his in
terests. Juthe canvass that followed he
was beateu by the Republican can
didate, Lyman K. Bass. This was
in 18C5. In I860 Mr. Cleveland
formed a law partnership with the
late I. K. Vanderpool, which lasted
till 1869. He afterwards associa
ted himself with the late A. P.
Lansing aud the late Oscar Fol
som. The latter association, how
ever, ended at the expiration of
two years, owing to Mr. Cleveland
having been nominated and elec
ted in 1869 to be ,
SHEEIFF OF" ERIK COUNTY.
In that important, position he
earned an additional meed of pub
lic respect for his courageous dis
regard of partisan interests and
ffs conscientious regard for the
public welfare. At the close of his
term he formed a partnership with
his former antagonist, Lyman K.
Bass, and Wilson S. Bissell. Mr.
Bass's health not long alterwards
proving precarious he went to Col
orado and the firm became Cleve
land & Bissell, to which partner
ship Mr. George J. Kieard was ad
mitted in 1881.
LEGAL, DISTINCTION.
It was while thus associated that
Grover Cleveland achieved his dis
tinction as a lawyer second to few
in the western part of the State lor
legal acumen and intellectual hon
esty. His jury and bench trials
were distinguished by clear views,
direct, simpler logic and a thorough
niastery of all the intricacies of the
cases, and , his invariable avoid
ance of extrinsic issues and purely
technical devices secured for him
the respect of bis own profession
and the admiration of the public.
These qualities, combined with
the fidelity and independence of
his official action while in office,
brought him prominently before
the public of. Buffalo when that
city, unable to extricate itself from
a municipal octopus, was casting
about, for a, stanch rciorm leader.
MAYOR OF BUFFALO.
Grover Cleveland's election on a
Democratic and reform ticket in
1881 .suddenly lifted him from local
into national prominence. The in
cidents of tha" election and subse
quent administration are familiar
throughout the country. The elec
tion itself was an almost unparal
leled triumph, seeing that it was
secured by the largest majority
ever known, thus demonstrating
the unbounded confidence which
the ' people -had iu the special fit
ness of their candidate to carry out
the reform and in his unassailable
integrity.
It is strictly true that Mayor.
J.'levelaud was swept into office on
one of those tidal waves oi popular
protest against ringiule that are
as resistless as they are sudden.
But it was after all a local contest,
and one has yet to account for
the national iuijwntance which the
Buffalo election assumed and the
widespread interest that was felt
for the new champion. There is
only one way In which to explain
this. Air. Cleveland had not yet
attracted attention outside of his
metropolitan' field.'. But there was
one issue that iu a sense was the
issue of the hour everywhere, and
that was whether it was any long
er possible to secure by a popular
election that kind of integrity aud
sagacity that would administer the
people's affairs with the honesty
and discretion that were neCssary
to good government. The Buffalo
canvass for the mayoralty defined
that issne in the sharpest manner.
The nominatiou of Grover Cleve
land was avowedly aud defiantly7
tlie gage of battle thrown down by
reform. There were only two
points to be determined did the
people want reform ? that is did
they wish their busiuess conducted
liouestly, and would the man they
had selected for the experiment so
conduct it ? So vitally importaut
were these two questions that
vaster and intenser themes' were
for the moment forgotten by the
country, audit turned aside mo
mentarily" to watch this contest in
Buffalo. The people answered one
question and Grover Cleveland an
swered ttie fitber. The reply in
one ease was with votes, iu the
other with acts.
TIIF. FIGHT WITH DISHONESTY.
It would appear that the Di
ogenes of American politics, worn
out with his long hunt, was dis
posed to lav aside bis lanteru af
ter the Buffalo election. Whatev er
else may have been searched
for, it is pretty well settled that he
had found an honest man, and,
what is of more cousequence, the
honest man was brave enough to
thr Mipir interests as members of
tli munieinalitv. and it is quite
. . ". 1a ...
inivir(nr, i.iiiiT. wnen anv l.an oi
"ii -7 - -
the in ntls wnicn rue rax-payers
have thus entrusted us are divert-
ed to other purposes, or when, by
design or neglect, we allow a great
er sum to be applied to any munic
ipal purpose than is necessary, we
have, to that extent, violated our
duty. There surely is no differ
ence in his duties and obligations,
whether a person is entrusted with
money of one man or many. And
yet it sometimes appear: as though
the office-holder assumes that a
different rnle of fidelity prevails
between him and the tax-payers
than that which should regulate
his couduct wheu, as an individ
ual, be holds the money of his
neiglilHir."
This was going back to first
principles aud when it came to
vetoing au iniquitous street-cleaning
contract it was with a ven
geance, j
"This," said the veto, "is a time
for plain sjeech, and my objection
to your action shall be plainly
stated. I regard it as the culmi
nation of a most barefaced, impu
dent aud shameless scheme to be
tray the interest of the people and
to worse than squander the public
money. We are fast gaining po
sitions in the grades of public
stewardship. There is no middle
grouud. Those who are not for
the people, either iu or out of your
honorable body, are against them,
and should be treated accord
ingly." It would take a good many col
umns to reproduce her all those
simple and straightforward mes
sages of his which, coming from
Buffalo and dealing only with local
matters, have nevertheless been
reproduced all over the country by
the press and made the political
text and the new hope of the party
of reform.
It is quite plain at this time that
the official couduct of Mayor Cleve
land that is to say, his fidelity to
the pledges made, his uncompro
mising warfare on municipal dis
honesty aud his sagacity in the
management of his official trust,
brought ' liim prominently before
the people of the State as a candi
date for Governor. It is impossi
ble to find any other motive at this
time for his nomination than that
his courageous and intelligent re
form had made him for the mo
ment the most popular man in the
State.
From one end of the land to the
other praises of his conduct were
repeated and the press of both po
litical parties commended him as a
fit, Executive of the State. Among
them the New York "Sun" was
conspicuous for its warm eulo
giums. Among other things it said
editorially :
"Grover Cleveland, now Mayor
of Buffalo and the Democratic can
didate for Governor of New York,
is a man worthy of the highest
publ'e confidence. No one can
study the record of his career since
be has held office in Buffalo with
out being convinced that he pos
sesses those highest qualities of a
public man, sound principles of
administrative duty, luminous in
telligence and courage to do what
is right no matter who may be
pleased or displeased thereby."
(Here follow extracts from May
or Cleveland's inaugural.) '
"We wish," said the "Sun,"
"that the utterances we have now
quoted might, be read aud ponder
ed by every citizen of the State.
No matter what political faith a
man may have been educated in,
no matter by what party name he
may now prefer to be called.no
one can consider such principles
and sentiments as these declared
by Mr.. Cleveland without felling
that such a public officer is worthy
of the confidence and support of
the whole people, and that the in
terests of the Empire State will
be entirely safe in his hands."
GEOVEB CLEVELAND AS GOVER
NOR. The elect ion of Grover Clevelaud
as Governor is part of the recent
political history of the State. The
enormous vote cast and the over
whelming majority received were
indicative of the interest felt in a
reform candidate.
The Governor's official acts since
his election have been widely dis
cussed. But no one has impigned
his honesty and siucerity. His ve
to of the Eive-Cent Fare bill . has
Iteen widely complained of,' but no
one has intimated that he was not
governed by a strict sense of jus
tice to all the interests involved.
THE CLEVELAND FAMILY.
The Governor's great-grandfath
er, Aaron Cleveland, was born
February 9, 1744, in East Haddam,
the chief of the many Haddams
that skirt the Connecticut river be
low Middleton. He lived and car
ried on business in Norwich for the
greater part of an active life. The
local records are quite full of him,
less as a successtnl hat-maker than
as a versatile speaker, writer and
actor in the politics of his day. His
son Charles, born in 1772 in Nor
wich, became a city missionary in
Boston and was widely known as
"Father Cleveland." A daughter,
the youngest of thirteen children,
married the well known Dr. Samu
el H. Cox, whose son, Arthur
Cleveland Cox, is Episcopal Bishop
of Western New York, Aaron
CLEVELAND AND HENDRICKS.
Cleveland's second son, William,
the grandfather of the Governor,
was a silversmith by trade and
lived for the greater pari of his life
at Beacon Hill, on the outskirts of
.Norwich. He was a deacon of the
Congregational Ch inch for twenty
five years. He died at Black Bock,
Buffalo, 1837. His second son,
Richard Falling Cleveland, was
the Governor's father, lie was
born in Norwich June 19, 1804. He
was a thin, pale and intellectual
lioy. He entered Yale in 182j and
graduated iu 1824, with sixty-seven
others, nearly all of whom are now
dead. He went almost immediate
ly to Baltimore to teach, was or
dained a Presbyterian minister in
1828 and took charge of a church
at Windham near Noiwich. Iu
1829 he married a daughter of Ab
nerNeal, of Baltimore, and after
preachiug for a while in the South
settled at Caldwell, N. .1. He re
moved to Fayetteville in 1841. In
'47 he was made secretary of the
Home Missionaiy Society. Iu '.".3
he was installed at Holland Pat
ent, where he died October 1, 18.").'.
Mrs. Cleveland died at the same
place July 19, 1882. They had nine
children, Stephen Grover, the fifth,
born iu 1837.
AN UNDRAMATIC RECORD,
Poking about in Buffalo for a day
or two once, I had au opportunity
to converse with several persons
who had kuowu their Mayor long
and well. I found a sterling re
gard for the man everywhere, aud
it was a regard uuiutiueiiced by po
litical bias. Among those liest
aide to form independent opinions,
this regard was obviously founded
on character. Among the people
themselves there was a well-defined
conviction that he was a man to
depend upon. As one rough fel
low said to me in the hotel saloon :
"Well, 1 don't kuow about his
learnin' or how he stands on a lot
of questions that we don't under
stand, and don't waut to, but he's
a safe man, and he's ; pretty sure to
understand then, better than we
do, and he'll do the right thing."
I suppose that this kind of faith
in character is one of the most in
estimable discoveries that a man
can make, and 1 was interested to
find that the element of popularity
did not grow out of the subject
good-fellowship, or mere manners.
I failed to hear any one say that
Grover Cleveland had any mag
netism, or that he fascinated a
crowd, or that he drew people after
him with a personal glamour. On
the contrary, I formed a very dis
tinct notion that there was a class
of men that he repelled, and that
disliked him aa easily, as n at 11 rally
and as sincerely as a thief hates a
magistrate, or a smuggler hates a
dead calm. Indeed it was impos
sible to discover either iuthe man's
record or in the reputation that
bad grown up about him anything
dramatic. The resultant heroism
of his life is that common heroism
ol the "common" woi k-a-day world
which does its duty, not for effect
but for a principle and a purpose,
aud which, if it does not so easily
catch the eye? and the ear, is alter
all the enduring force that the peo
ple come to look lot and rely upon
when there is great work to j be
done. I looked into his law offices
on Maiu street this latter labma
tory where were evolved the legal
functions that came into the public
service of his own community.
They were curiously solid and un
pretentious, and upstairs were the
bachelor rooms where for years
Grover Cleveland had slept and
worked. I examined them minute
ly, for one often obtains a glimpse
of character 1V such fittournie.
And they were iustantly indicative
of the simple tastes, methodical
habits and studious life of the oc
cupant. Two or three pictures,
evidently selected not for decora
tion but because the owner prized
the subject and admired the treat
ment, hung on the walls. But
there was elsewhere not a superflu
ous article in the room. Elegance
had been forgotten in the success
ful attempt to secure comfort and
convenience and seclusion.
THE EXECUTIVE HOME.
Passing through Albany a few
days ago, I thought I would stop
over and call ou the Governor if
ouly to contrast the Executive
Mansion with those bachelor quar
ters in Buffalo. I fouud the front
doors swung open, as I mounted
the steps, as if I were an aide-decamp
bringing the fate of a com
monwealth in my despatches. A
youug man wearing a smile stood
iu the broad entrance. When I
said I desired to see the Governor,
he invited me to "walk right in,"
aud a moment after I traversed the
broad and, as we nsed to say,
"manorial hall," with its flanking
of old-fashioned saloon parlors, and
sat dowu iu a great airy, hushed
and shadowy reception room. Pres
ently a young woman came noise
lessly from somewhere and appear
ed at oue of the ojien doors.
"As the Governor is sufferiug
from rheumatism and cannot come
down, will you walk upstairs!"
In the upper hall way, which, on
account of its coolness, had been
extemporized into an office, sat t he
Governor in a large arm-chair, be
fore a table which w as covered with
telegrams and letters. As I ap
peared at the entrance he shouted
in a heartv and invitintr voice.
"Come right in." Approaching
him in this long, narrow room, he
seemed at first sight a ? ho sat there
not unlike General Hancock. As I
got a little nearer, and the white
necktie and massive cheeks and
double chin came iuto view, Han
cock resolved into a momentary
recollection of President Buchan
an, whose pictures always reminded
me ot an Episcopal Bishop iu uu
dress. The moment I came near
enough to take his outstretched
hand these illusions were all dis
pelled by bis voice, manner and
personality. For his own charac
ter is sufficiently marked and
unique. If asked what it was in
Governor Cleveland's individuality
that struck me most 1 should say
concreteness.
PERSONAL APPEARANCE.
His face, no less than his figure
and action, indicates strenuous vital
force and that admirable co-ordination
of faculties which is best
expressed in the phrase "a cool
head." Those traits which are in
part the result of early and constant
self-training-have giveu him the
air of conscious and quiet power
which belongs only to the triumph
ant antagonist iu the world's fight.
His figure betokens herculean
strength massiveness is the best
word for it and there is in the
saoothly shaven lace, the same
token of equal solidity of character,
with the suggestion of physical
vigor iu the soft brown mustache
that strongly contrasts with the
scantiness of hair ou his head.
There is a slight tendency to cor
pulency as is usually the case in
vital temperaments and a double
chin is beginning to hang down
over the simple white "necktie.
There Is nothing phlegmatic in the
man's manner. His face lights up
with a s. mpathetic smile, and with
out becoming animated or brilliant
be is at once interesting, unaffected,
and intensely real.
The moment be found that I did
not want to ask Inm about t he fu
ture aud was quite content to listen
to the past, he talked freely and
familiarly: There was nothing in
bis humble, origin and struggling
career that he was ashamed of.
I fancied he was rather proud of
his early struggles. And it was
not impossible in an hour's conver
sation to make some kind of meas
urement of the man's mind and
character. 1 said to myslf, this is
the executive not the reflective
man. I don't suppose be h ever
perplexed with questions of ethics,
siucli men have a steady poise of
judgement that saves a world ol
words. The right pathway is nev
er obscured or hidden. With them
the doctrinaire has a hard time of
it, for instead of chasing a princi
ple through all the mazes of pos
sibilities for the sake of the hunt,
they hold the dogs of dialectics in
leash ahd, with unerringly clear
sight and constant good nature,
whip them all back to the true
scent. I was always struck with
a single sentence in the second
volume of Carlyle's "French Revo
lution," which, after those two
volumes of bloody chaos, announce
the arrival of Napoleon. The pur
port of that sentence, as I now
recall it is that "a man having
now come upon the scene events
liegan to - straighten themselves
out." And 1 supKise that when
ever ' events become chaotic aud,
life gets into confusion that it is
absolutely iiccessaiy to have a
man at the helm. A'ld history
shows that it is the executive man,
equipped with convictions and en
dowed with courage, who assumes
the chieftainship in moments of
public doubt. Distracted on every
thing else, the people are willing
to rest their issues on indubitable
strength of character,. . capable of
both representing and of leading.
He may not briug any new truth
witii him, or a more brilliant meth
od, but. the trust is that he will
with clear eye, pure heart aud
stfong hand keep the columns in
close order along the approved
path of safety and advance.
A TRUE AMERICAN.
Grover Cleveland, both in his
record and in his jierson, impressed
me as peculiarly the outcome and
result of what :s best and most
enduring iu .American life. As we
have already seen, he started like
the typical American boy to hew
his own way. The-almost insuper
able difficulties of -his youth, the
hardships of poverty', the pangs of
hunger, the frosts of winter never
deterred him. They were iu fact,
as they always are to thej true
metal, only the blows that com
pacted and shaped the man. We
hear a great deal nowadays about
men being all American. ; Obvi
ously there are some Ameiican
things which a man had better be
without. It is not pleasant to
contemplate a man whose character
reflects the heterogeneous and dis
cordant elements ot our complex
life. Nor is it safe to trust with
heavy responsibilities that man
whose chief element of Americanism
is impatience of restraint, disrespect
for the past ' and an unswerving
desire to be smart rather than
right. The best elements of our
American life have always come
up lrom tne nard, vigorous stratum
that was nearest to the soil and in
some way depended on it. The
abiding glory of the country has
been in its defiant boys with God
fearing ancestors; boys who had
organized in them by a race of
humble but devout pioneers the
patience and industry to achieve
and the reverence- to respect.
It is to men of this fibre that the
republic has always goue in its
emeigeucies turning in extremity
from its politicians, its doctrinaires
and its workers of statecraft, back
to the elemetal, vital, honest forces
that underlie all its achievements
and that are ofteuest found in the
sturdy, modest, indomitable work
ers who have not sought the poli
tical race.
PERSONAL PECULIARITIES.
All the traits of assiduous in
dustry, unosteu tat ions dignitj',
thoroughness and simplicity, noted
in Grover Cleveland's early career
are olservable in his present life
at Albany. On the day before bis
inauguration a.s Governor he came
j down from Buffalo quietly with his
law partner, Mr. Bissell, went to
the Executive Mansion and spent
the night. Ou the morrow the city
w as excited with the approaching
ceremonies. The streets were
crowded, but there was to be no
military parade, no procession.
The Governor-elect walked from
the Executive Mansion iu company
with his friend to the capitol, which
is a mile distant, : joining the
throngs that were going that way.
He entered the bnildiug unrecog
nized, bnt quite at his ease, saun
tered up to the Executive Cham
ber, and was there met by Gov
ernor Cornell. The moment the
inaugural ceremony was over he
passed into the spacious Executive
Chamber, which is set apart for his
use, ordered that the doors should
be opened to admit anybody, and
went immediately to work. Never
was any important public event so
completely stripped of its fuss and J
leathers. Never was a more rad
ical change effected in the official
routine of the Executive , Depart
ment. Hitherto there were all sorts
of delays aud impediments in the
path to the Governor. Cards 'had
to be sent iu, ushers conducted
citizens into ante-rooms and left
them to cool their, heels ou the
State's tesselated floor. But the
moment Grover Cleveland took
posessiou he issued and order to
admit anybody at ouce who wished
to see him. And up to the present
time he he has been quite able
himself to prevent this return to
republican simplicity from being
abused. His habits are " in
dicative of his dislike of
ontentation and official parade
and of his methodical and indus
trial 'training. He walks from
the Executive Mansion every
morning at U o'clock to the Capitol
and goes straight to work. At
1:30 he walks back to his lunch,
which takes an hour. He then
returns on foot to work again and
remains uutil J when he goes to
dinner. He is back at. 8. and
generally remains until 11 or 12.
The amount of work tin s accom
plished as his private secretary,
Mr. Daniel S. Lamont, testifies is
something enormous.
THOMAS A. HENDRICKS.
The Vice-President's (1876) Lite Oat
lined. Thomas Andrews Hendricks is
essentially a self-made man. He
is a native of Ohio, a State which
seems never to tire of producing
meu of active ambition and of
great political ability. As a young
lawyer, as a member of the State
Legislature, as Congressman, aa
United States Senator, as Govern
or,, he showed that he possessed
talents which singled him out from
among his fellows. Add to this
his persoual iopularity in Indiana
aud it explains why In name was
selected for the Tilden ticket in
the notable campaign of 187G. On
that occasion he carried his State
by a majority of nearly six thou
sand, and good judges of political
aff-iirs iu Indiana have declared
that ' it was solely owing to the
magic of his name that Indiana
was won by the democrats.
He was born in Muskingum
County, Ohio, near the city of
Zanesville. September 7, 1819. His
father, the late Major John Hend
ricks, with his family, left Ohio
the Spring after Thomas was born,
and setth?d iu Madison, Indiaua.
Young Hendricks completed his
education at Hanover College, one
of the pioneer educational insti
tutions of the west. After leaving
college he studied law, and in due
time was admitted to the, Bar.
From that time uutil the present
he has been in the active practice
of his profession, excepting only
the time he was Commissioner of
the General Laud Office aud the
four -years he was Governer of
Indiana. Iu 1845 Mr. Hendricks
married Miss Eliza C. Morgan.
PUBLIC LIFE...
Mr. Hendricks' public life has
beeu long and varied. In 1848 be
was elected to the State Legisla
ture from his county. In 18."0 he
was chosen a delegate to the Con
vention which made the present
Constitution of the State, and was
an active participator in the pro
ceedings of that body. In 1851 he
was elected to Congress, and in
1852 was re-elected to the same
office. In 1855 he was apjointed
Commissioner of the Ge f eral Land
Office, and held the position until
he resigned it in 1859. In 1863 be
was elected a Senator of the Uni
ted States and served a full term of
six years. Iu 1872 he was elected
Governor of Indiana, and served
aa such uutil January, 1877,
when he was succeded - by Gov
ernor Williams. (
It is sufficient proof of the abili
ty and success of Mr. Hendricks in
the Senate that toward the close
of a single term he had placed
himself among the foremost men
of bis party and become a promi-
I A . , . - .. .. ."
ueut cauuiuate ior tbe l'res iienev.
In the Convention of 1868 he was
brought forward, and at Olio tim.i
led all other candidates, receiving
the solid vole of New York a id
the Northwest. Ohio, however,
wuicu uau.oeeii compelled to aban
don its own candidate, was deter
mined to defeat all other Western
men, and the delegates from thai
State threw their votes for Horatio
beymore presistentlv, and finally
produced t b tam pedo off he whole
Convention io his supixtrt. Iu 1876
the National Democratic Conven
tion assembled at St. Louis placed
Mr. Hendricks ou the ticket with
the great reformer, Samuel ,T. Til
den. In spite of the bitt er onno-
sitiou New York State gave Tilden
and Hendricks 55,000 majority,
and the two great, statesmen were
elected to tlie Presidency and
Vice-Presidency of the United
States, to which offices Messrs.
Hayes and Wheeler were inaugu
rated by Republican fraud.
AS A LAWYER.
In Mr. Hendricks' profession
the law all acknowledge him to be
great. This is the vocation fn
which nature particularly adapted
nun, ana it is his lavorife one. Ho
has, since first entering public bi.
returned to the practice ol his pro-
iession witn facility and x.cal im
mediately upon the 'termination or
intermission of official eiifao-e.
incuts. He studied the law f
Ohambersburg, Pa., in the office of
uis uncie Jimge Thomson, au emi
nent jurist of that State. Ho
thoroughly mastered its elementa
ry principles ami the imnutkc of
its practice. With this foundation
and with a natural leiral mind h
is never at a loss, and is always
strong in any cause without spec
ial book preparation. Before con it.
or jury he is equally at home. In
a trial he is never off his guard nor
disconcerted bv anv unlooked for
turn iu tho fortune of a ease. He
encounters any such crisis with as
inucii promptness, fortitude and
address as if it had been anticina.
te l and prepared for.
PERSOAL.
Governor IleiulricL-s U i n..,,.
of medium height and svmmetri
cal form. He is erect, active and
vigorous. His face is manly and
handsome. The features am larv
and expressive, and While therels
soit, good humored expression
m the larre blue eve ami i ih
mouth and dimpled chin, the brow,
forehead aud full be aw inn. ttlmti'
wisdom and resolution.' His com
plexion is florid. lie huiL.1 liio
one who has lived a happy life, en
countered 110 creat sorrows and
yielded to no creat, vices. Tlirm.rli
he has for years lwen taught to re
gard the Presidency as within his
grasp, his ambition has been rath
er a sort of rational . loncim? lor
the honor than au iusatiable thirst
for power. His disposition is as
sunnv as his complexion, ami m
soeial lift, lio iu n irrnat f
.... . . .... I, 11..,,,,,,.
To acquaintances he is affable and
easy, to close friends warm and
loveable, to political partisans
courteous biit cautious. He would
ather conciliate an enemv than
oblige au ally. His habits, are
such thai he found .".( 100 : vidi
an; pic for his expeudifures"during
ins senatorial term at Washington.
He is an . Episcopalian in religion,
ami his wife is a woman of great
culture and force of eba raster
They have no living children.
THE DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM.
ADOPTED AT CHICAGO.
The Democratic party of the Un
ion, through its representatives in
National Convention assembled.
recognizes that as the nation grows
older new issues are born of time
and progress, and old issues per
ish: but the fundamental princi
ples of the Democracy, approved
oy me iinireu voice 01 the people,
remain, and will ever remain, as
the best and and only security for
the continnauce of free govern
ment. The 'preservation of per
sonal lights, the equality' of all citi
zens before the law, the reserved
rights of the States, and the su
premacy of the Federal Govern
ment within the limits of the Con
stitution will ever form the true
basis of our liberties and can never
be surrendered w itlxit destroying
that balance of rights aud owers
which enables a continent to lie
develojied in peace and social or
der to bo maintained by means ' of
local self government; but it is in
dispensable for the practical appli
cation and enforcement of these
fundamental principles that the
government should not always e
controlled by one political parti'. j
Frequent change of administration j
is as necessary as eoiisrant recur
rence to the Kpular will. Other
wise abuses grow and the Govern
ment, instead of lieiug carried . on
for the general welfare, becomes an
instrumentality for inqiosiiig heavy
burdens on the many who are gov
erned for the benefit, of the few
who govern. Public servants thus
liecorne arbitrary rulers. This is
now the condition of the country
hence a change is demanded.
ARRAIGNING THE REPUBLICAN
PARTY.
The Hepublican party, so far as
principle is concerned, is a remi
niscence. In practice it is an or
ganization for enriching those who
control its machinery. The frauds
and jobbery which have. Iieen
brought to light in every depart
ment of the Government are suffi
cient to have called lor reform with
in the liepnblicau party. Yet
those in authority, made reckless
by the long possession of xwer,
have succumbed to its corrupting
influence and have placed in nomi
nation a ticket against which the
iudepeudent ortion ol the party
are in open revolt. Therefore a
change is demanded. Such-a
cbaugo was alike necessary in 1876,
but the will of the people was then
defeated by a fraud which can
never be forgotten nor condoned.
Again, in 1880, the change de-!
manded by the people was defeat
ed by the lavish use of money con
tributed by unscrupulous contrac- j
.tors and shameless jobbers who'
had bargaiued for unlawful profits
or for high office. The Kepublicrai
party during its legal, its stolen
and its bought tenure of power, has
steadily decayed in moral charac
ter and political capacity. Its plat
form promises are now a list of its
past failures. It demands the res
toration of our navy; it has squan
dered hundreds ol millions to cre
ate a navy that does not exist. It
calls ujMin Cougress to remove the
burdens under which American
shipping has fioeu depressed; it im
posed and has continued those bur
dens. It professes the policy of
reserving the public lands for small
holdings by actual settlers; it has
given away the people's heritage
:il ....... .. r..... ..:l 1 . .1
tin nun 11 n-w r.tiuu.itis lllltl IIOU-
resident aliens, individual aud cor
lorafe. iossess a larger area than
that of all our farms hetweeu the
two seas. 1 1 profess s a preference
for free institutions; it organized
ami tried to legalize a eoutrol of
State elections by Federal troops.
It professes a desire to elevate la
bor; it has subjected American
workiugmen to the competition of
convict aud imported contract la
bor. It professes gratitude to all
who were disabled or died in the
war leaving widows and orphans;
it icft to a Democratic House of
Representatives ibe first effort to
equalize both .bounties aud jmu-
sions. It proflers a pledge to cor
rect the irregularities of our tariff;
it created, aud has continued them.
Its owiV Tariff Commission con
fessed the need of more than twen
ty per ceut. reductiou; its Congress
gave a reduction of less than four
per cent. It professes the protec
tion of American manufacturers; it
bus subjected them to an increas
ing flood of manufactured goods
and a hopeless competition with
manufacturing nations, not oue of
which taxes raw materials. It pro
fesses to protect all Ameriuau in
dustries; it has impoverished many
to subsidize a few. It professes
the protection of American labor; it
has depleted the returns of Ameri
can agriculture an industry fol
lowed by half our people. It pro
fesses the equality of all men be
fore the law: attempting to fix the
status of colored citizens, the acts
of its Congress were overruled by
the decisions of its courts. It ac
cepts anew the duty of leading in
the work of "progress aud reform;"
rs caugut criminals are ierniittd
to escape through contrived delays
or actual connivance in the prose-
it ion. Honeycombed with cor
ruption, out bieaking exposures no
longer shock its moral Beof ; its
honest members, its independent,
journals, no longer maintain a suc
cesstnl contest for authority in its
councils or a veto upon bad nomi
nations. That chauge is necessary
is proved by an existing surplus of
more than 9 100,000,000, which has
yearly been collected from a suffer
ing people. Unnecessary taxation
is unjust taxation.
TAX REFORM.
; We denounce the Republican
party for having failed to relieve
the people from the crushing war
taxes, which have paralyzed busi
ness, crippled industry aud de
prived lalMir of employment and
of just, reward. The Demiicracy
pledges itself to purify the admin
istration from corrupt ion, to re
store economy, to revive respect
for I:iai- mill tit i'm.1iii.i t,.vuti.ki.
- - - - ------ - - . ........
to the lowest limit consistent with
due regard to tne preservation of
the faith of the nation to its credi
tors and pensioners.
THE TARIFF.
Knowing full well, however, that
li'i'islat inn atTectinir tin. wmn
O ..... ...v. ....... j.-
tioiisofthe pcoplo should be, cau
tious, conservative in method, not
in advance of public opinion, but
responsive to its demands, the
Democratic party is pledged to
revise the tariff in a spirit of fair
ness to all interests. Hut iu mak
ing reduction in taxes it is not pro
posed to injure any domestic in
dustries, but rather to promote
. 1. -? .. 1 1.1 . .1. 1.,
uieii- iii-ano kiowiii. 1T0111 me
foundation of this Government
taxes collected at the custom house
have been the chief source of Fed
eral revenue; such they must con
tinue to be. Moreover, many in
dustries have come to rely upon
legislation for successful continu
ance, so that any change of
law must Ik; at every step regard
ful of the labor and capital thus
involved. The process til reform
must lie subject in the execution
of this plain dictate of justice all
taxation shall lie ' limited to the
reiui intents of economical irovei n-
inent. The necessary reduction in
taxation cau and must be effected
without depriving American labor
of the ability to coniM-te success
fully with foreign lalsir and with
out imitosiug lower rates of duty
than will be ample to cover any
increased cost of production which
may exist 111 consequence of the
higher rates of wages prevailing iu -thisicountry.
SuOiccnt revenue to
pay all the expenses of the Feder
al Government economically ad
ministered, including pensions, in
terests and principal of the public
debt, can be got under our present
.tvftif4.n1 .(' t'lvutinn fi..t.. rt,otnn.
j - - ..... ..u.-... a...... . . un t ,ji 1,
house taxes ou fewer iiujorted ar
ticles, beariuir heaviest on article
of luxury and bearing" lightest on
articles of necesity. We therefore
denounce the abuses of the exist
ing tariff and subject to the pre
ceding limitations, we demand that
Federal taxation shall be exclu
sively for public purposes aud
shall not exceed the needs of the
Government economically admin
istered. ' .
INTERNAL REVENUE.
Thesystem of direct taxation
known as the "internal revenue"
is a war tax, aud so long as the
law continues the mouey levied
therefrom should lie sacredly de- -voted
to the relief of the people
from the remaining burdens of the
war and lie made a fund to defray
the expense of the care and com
fort of worthy soldiers disabled in
liue of duty in the wars of the lie
public and for the payment of such
lcnsions as Congress may from
time to time grant to such soldiers;
a like fund for the sailors having
(Continued on Fourth Page.)