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"CElT ALL THE ESI DS THOU AIBI'STAT, BE TIIV COIIWTY'S, TIIV nOO'8, AND TRUTHS
VOLUME 19.
WILSON, NORTH CAROLINA, JANUARY. 9. 1890.
NUMBER 50
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f
HENRY W GRADY
DISCUSSES liltS RACE PJtOB
L, EM IS BOS TON.
A Speech Juit Han Takm Ilvlit
O" The Thought antl Conscience
Of All America.
Below we give the full text
of Mr. Grady 'a great speech,
delivered at the'Annual Dinner
uf the' Boston.. merchants. It
i. lit to be read and preserved'
by evefy'voter and young man
in A men ca. 1'be great - orator
is. dead aud this strand speech
will be to.liiua a' lasting 'mouu
irieut. After an introduction by
Laite, whoj said that Mr.
Mr.
(irady had been iinvi ted 'to tell
trii trulhas he spea and believes
it," Mr. tirady; soke'aa Tollows:
Mk. rujaiDKxr :- Bidden by
your invitation to a discussion
Ml the race problem forbidden
by -occasion to inake a political
. ?;;eech I appreciate, in trying
to rrooncile brders-with propri
ety, be perplexity of the little
maii who, bidden to learn to
swim, wad yet adjured : ''Now
tio, my darling, hanjf your
clof lies ii a hickory limb and
doii't uo near the witer." The
!tutedt apostle of tlie ehnrch.
Ihey tay, is the .missionary, and
the id ifsionary, wherqver he un
furls his flag, " will " never fiud
Itiuiself in deeper need of unc
tion and address than I,. bidden
to nifccht to plant the standard
of a Suuthern'Democrat in Bos
,ou's5 banquet hall, aud to dis
ens- the pro.blem of the races in
ihe home of Phillips 'and Sum
ner. But, Mr. President if a
purpose to speak in perfect
IranSutiss aud eiucerity if ear
nesC understaudintr of the vast
"interests involved ; if a.- coyne
rritiiifej sense of what disaster
may follow further misunder
staudiu and estrangement ; if
" these may be counted ta steady
undisciplined speech and too
strsiitftiien ah uutried arm
then, sir, I shall'tiu tLe cour
atjo to proceed. 1 i
Happy am I tha this mission
has brought my feet at; last to
prtt.-s 2ew Euglaud's historic
soil, and my eyes to the knowl
aXaa '-r Lai beauty aud her
ifirift. HVre within touch of
Plymouth Rock and Bunker
Hill wht-re Webster thundered
..and. Louir.tellow.sang, Euxersou
i ktuudht and Chauuint; preach-
i edhere iu thejbradle of Amer
inn lettor and Rlniiw6f Amor-
; ii-riti liberty, I lifasteu to make
t lie iri-a that every Atuer-iy-Ait
.tvres New. ' liitiland . when
.'first he stands unc y;ered in her
anglity presence. . otrano ap-
ptritiou ! This stern and unique
Giiire carved from 'the ocean
jMjd- the wildernlesa its : majes
ty" k'tukliug and, growiu auiid
ihe storms of ' jevi liters' and of
war- until at last the gloom
was broken," its i beauty disclo
sed iu the sunshine, and the he
roi(? workers rested at its base
while 9,artl'i kings And tmpei
rors ifdz-i i and marveled that
t'rmn the rude touch of this
handful, cast. on a bleak and
unknown shore, "should have
come the embodied genins of
human government and the per
fected model cf biimau liberty !
God blss the memory of those
immortal workers, and presper
lb fortunes of their living sons
and perpetuate jthe inspiration
of their handiwork. Two years
ago, sir, I spoke some words in
New York that, caught, the at
tention of the North. As 1
stand here to reiterate, as I have
done everywhere, every word I
then uttered to declare that
the seutimeuts jl then avowed
were universally approved in
the South--! realize that the
confidence begotien by that
tpeeeh is largely responsible 'for
m' presence here tonight. 'I
should dishonor myself if I be
trayed that confidence by utter
ing one, insincere word, or by
withho!diug one essential cle
ment of the truth. Apropos of
this last, let me confess, Mr,
President, before the praise of
New England has died on my
i lips, that I , believe the best
product of her present life is
the processiou' of- 17,000 Ver
mont Democrats that for twen-
two years, undintinishsd byi
death, unrecruited by. birth or
convfersion, have marched over
their rugged, hills, cast their
Democratic ballots and gone
back home to pray for their, un
. regenerate neitjhborti, aud awake
to read the xecord of 26,000 Re
publican majority. May the
God of the helpless and the he
n;i c help them, and may their
f turdv tribe increase ! .
Par to the South, Mr. Presi
' dent, separated from this section
by a line oiice defined in irre
pressible difference, ence traced
in fratricidal blood, and now,
.thank God, but a vanishing
shadow lies the fairest and
richest domain of this earth; It
id i theJUnme of a hrave'and hos
pitable people. Taere is cen
tred all that can please or pros
l)er humankind. A perfect cli
mate above a fertile soil yields
to the husbandman every prod-,
net of the temperate ie.
.There. by tiigh the cotton whi
t'iis beneath the stars, and by
d iy the wheat locks the sun
shine in its bearded sheaf.. In
t. ii same field the clover steals
ii? fragrance of the wiuds, and
t he tobacco catches , the quick
ir,)iup. of the rains. '.. There- are
oiounitains stored witn exhaust
treasures ; forests, vast aud
primeval ; and rivers that, tum
bling or loitering, run wanton
to the eea. Of the three essen
tial items of all industries, cot
ton, iron and wood, that region
has easy control. In cotton, a
fixed inonopoly-in Iron, proven
supremacy iu timber," tho . re
serve supply or the Republic.
From this assured and perma
nent advantage, against which
artificial conditions c a n.n o t
much longer prevail, has grown
au amazing system of industries
Not maintained by human con-n
tnvance of tariff or capital, far
off from the, fullest and cheap
est sc hr.ee of supply, but resting
in divine assurance, within
touch of field and .mine and
forest not set amid costly
farms from which competition
has driven the faxmeiiailespair
but amid cheap aud sunuy lands
rich with agriculture, to which
neither season nor soil . has set
a liinit this system of indus
tries is mounting tola splendor
that shall dazzle and illumine
the world. That,, sir, . is the
picture and the promise of. my
home--a land better and fairer
than I have told yau, and yet
but fit' Betting in its material
excellence for the loyal and
krrintle quality of its citizenship, f
Against that, sir, we have New
England, recruiting the Kepub
li ; f ram its sturdy loins, sha
k ng froui its overcrowded hives
new swarms of workers, and
touching this land all over with
its energy nd its courage. And
yet, iu the Eldorado of which 1
have told you but 15 per cent,
of lands are cultivated, its mines
scarcely touched, and its popu
lation so scant that, were It set
equi-distant, the sound of the
human voice could not be heard
from Virginia to Texas while
on the threshold of nearly ev
ery house In New England
stands a son, seeking, ' with
troubled eyes, some new laud
iu which to carry his modest
patrimony, the strange fact re
mains that in 1880 the South
had fewer Northern born citi
zens than she had in 1870 ; few-'
er in '70 than in '60. W by is
this? Why is -it. sir, though
the sectional hue be now but a
mist that the breath may dispel
fewer men of the North have
crossed, it over to the South,
than when it was crimson with
tLe best blood of the Republic,
or even when the slaveholder
stood guard every inch of th
way. .
'1 here can be but one auswer.
It in the very problem we are
now to consider. The key that
opens that problem will unlock
to the world the fairest half of
this Republic, and free the hal
ted feet of thousands whose
eyes are already kiudling with
its beauty. Better than this, it
will open the hearts of brothers
for thirty yea?s estranged, and
clasp in lasting comradeship a
million hands now withheld iu
in doubt. Nothing, sir, but this
problem and the suspicions it
breeds hinders a clear under
standing and a perfect union.
Nothing else stands between us
aud such love as bound Georgia
and Massachusetts at .-Valley
Forge and Yorktown, chastened
by the sacrifices of Manassas
and Gettysburg, and illumined
with the coming of better work
and a nobler destiny than was
ever wrought with the sword or
sought at the cannon mouth
If this does not invite your pa
tient hearing tonight, hear cue
thing more. My people, your
brothers in the South, brothers
in biuod, in destiny,rih all that
is best in onr pa9t and future,
are so beset with this problem
that their very existence de
pends on its right solution. Nor
are they wholly to blame for
its presdnce. The ' slave ships
of the Republic sailed from your
porfrs; the slaves worked in our
fields. You will not defend; the
traffic nor I the institution. But
T do here declare that in its
wise and humane administra
tion in lifting the slave to
heights of which he had not
dreamed iu his savage home,
and giving him a- happiness he'
has not yet found ia freedom,
ou&jathers left their sons a sa
ving, and excellent heritage. In
thc sVrm of war this institu
tion was lost. " I thank God as
heartMy as you do that human
slavery is gone ! forever from
American soil. But the ' free
man. remains. .With him a
problem without a parallel.
Note its appalling eonditionj.
Two utterly dissimilar races on
the, same soil, with equal polit
ical and civil ' rights, almost
equal in numbers, but terribly
unequal in intelligence and re
sponsibility, each pledged
against fusion, one for a century
in servitude to the other and
fred at last by a desolating
war, the experiment sought by
neither, but approached by both
black man, affecting but section
is clothed with every privilege
of government and pinned to
the soil, and my people jcom
manded to . make good at any
hazard and at any cost, his full
and equal heirship of American
privilege and prosperity It!
matters not that wherever' the
whites and blacks have touched
in any era or in any clime, there
has been an irreconcilable; vio
lence. ! It matters not that no
two races, however similar have
livjjd anywhere, at any time, on
the same soil with equal rights
in peace ! In. spite of these
things we are commanded to
make j 'good this change of
American policy to make cer
tain here what has slsewhere
been impossible between. whites
and hlacks-and to revere, under
the yery worst conditions, the
universal verdict of racial his
tory!! And driven, sir. to this
superhuman task with an impa
tience that brooks mi; delay, a
rigor that accepts no excuse,
aud a suspicion that discoura
ges frankness and sincerity..
We do not shrink from! this
trial, it is so iuterwovea with
our industrial fabric that we
cannot disentangle it ' if we
would. Can we solve it ? The
GodT who gave it into our hands,
he aloue caw know. But! this
the weakest and wisest of ns
do know ; we cannot solve it
with less than your tolerant and
patientsmpathy : with) less
than the knowledge that tu
blood that runs in Your veins s
our blood and that when we
have done our. best, whether
the issue be lost or wonl we
shall feel your strong arms
about tis aud hear the beating
of your approving. hearts ! The
resolute, clear htaded, broad
twice that much- Does not that his isolation, his century, bf
record honor him and vindicate ; servitude these dispose us to
his neighbors ? For every Afro ' emphasize and magnify Ms
American agitator, stirring the
strife in which only he prospers
I can show you a thousand
negroes, happy in their tsabin
homes, tilling their own land
by day, and at night taking
from the lips of their child re u
the helpful message their State
sends them from the school
house door. And the school
house itself bears testimony. In
Georgia we added last year
$50,000 to the school fund
making a total of more than
810.000.000, and this in the face
of prejudice not yet conquered j evidence that one
of the fact that the whites
are assessed 8368,000,000, ' the
blacks for 10,000,000. aud yet
wrongs, inis qisposmon, in
flamed by prejudice and parti
saury, his led to injustice and
delution. Lawless men
may ravage a country in Iowa
and it is accepted as an inci
dent ; in.the South a drunken
row is declared to be the fixed
habit of the community.; Re
gulators may whip vagabonds
iu Indiana by platoons and It
scarcely arrests ; attention; la
chance collision' in the South
among relatively the same
ciases i gravely accepted as
lace is dea
troying the other. . We might
as well claim that the Union
was ungrateful to the
49 per cent, of the" benefi ;iaries soldiers who followed its flag
are black children ; and in ha Grand Army post in Connecti
the doubt cf many wise men it !cut closed its doors, to a negro
minded men of the Souths
the
men whose genius made", glori
ous every pageof the first sev
enty years of American history;
whose courage and fortitude
you tested in. five years of the
fiercest war ; whose energy has
made bricks without straw and
spread splendor amid the ashes
of jtheir war wasted homes ;
these t men wear this problem
in their hearts and Drainsj by
day and by night. They real
ize, ?s you cannot, what this
problem means, . what they owe
to this kindly and dependent
race : the measure of their debt
to the world !in whose despite
they defended and maintained
slavery. And though their jfeet
are hindered in its undergrowth
aiid their inarch cumbered with
its burdens, they have lost nei
ther the.! patieuce from which
Cjines clearness,, nor the faith
from which cou'ie courage. I
Such is the temper of my
people. But what of the burden-itself
? Mr. President jwe
need not go one step, further
uuless you concede here that the
people I speak foraras honest
as sensible and as just as your
people, seeking as earnestly as
you would in their place to
rightly solve the problem tpat
touches them at every vital
point. If yon iimist that tlkey
are ' ruffians, blindly striving
with bludgeon and shotgun to
plunder and oppress a race, then
I shall sacrifice my self respect
and tax your patience .in vain
But adrnit that they are men of
common seuae and common
honesty, wisely, modifying Jan
environment they cannot whpl
ly disregard, guiding and con
trolling as best they can, the
t
vicious and irresponsible of ei
ther race, and 'conscious all the
time that wrong means ruin
admit tms, ana we may reacn
an'Undcrstanding tonight.
i ne President of the United
States, in his late message to
Congress, discussing the plea
that the South. should be left
to solve this problem, asks
work upn' it
do they offer
black man cast
- When will jhe
rights that are
not here protest
against a partisanry that, for
the first time in our history, in
time of j peace, has stamped
with the great seal of our gov
ernnieut a stigma upon the peo
ple of a great and loyal -section
though I gratefully remember
that the great dead soldier, who
held the helm of state for the
eight stormiest years of recon
struction, never found nebd for
such a step ; and though there
is no personal sacrifice I would
not make to remove this crue
and unjust imputation on my
people from tlie archives of my
country ! But, sir, backed by a
record, on every page of which
is progress, I venture to make
earnest and respectful answer
to the questions that are asked
I bespeak your patience, whil
with rigorous plainness o
speech, seeking your jndgment
than your applause, I, proc3ed
step by step. We give to the
world this year a crop of 7,500,
000 bales of cotton, worth $460,
000,000, and its cash equivalent
in grain, grasses and fruits
This enormous crop could not
have come from the hands of
sullen ann discontented labor.
It comes from peaceful fields,
in which I laughter and gossip
rise above the hum of industry
and contentment runs with the
singing plough. It is claimed
that this ' ignorant labor I is
defrauded of its just' hire.! I
present the tax books of Georgia
which show that the' negro,
twenty gve years ago a slave,
has in Georgia alone $10,000,000
of assessed property, w o r
"Aro thej at
What solution
When will the
a tree Danot :
have the civil
his ?" I shall
with doubt : these are the con
ditions. Under these, && verse
at every poiut, we are required
to carry these two races iu peace:
to the end
Never, sir. has such a task1
beeu given to mortal steward
ship. Never before in this Re
public has the white race divi
ved ou the rights of an alien
race. The red ihau was cut
down as a weed, because he
hindered the way' of the Amer
ican citizen. The yellow man
was shut put of this Republic
bttcausa he is au alien ana inte
rior. The red man was the
owner of the land, the yellow
man highly civilized and assim
ilable, bat they hindered both
sections and are gone 1 But the
d.ucation helps, or can help,
our problem. ..Charleston, with
her taxable values cut half in
two since 1860 pays more, in
proportion for public schools
than Boston.
Although it is easier to give .
much out of - much than little
ont of little, the South with
one seventh bf the taxable pro
perty yl the country, with re
latively larger debt, having
received only one-twelfth as
much, of public lands, and
having back of its tax books
none of , tne $auu.uuu,uuu or
bonds that enrich the North
and though H" pays annually
$26,000,000 to your section as
pensions yet gives nearly ohe-
sixth to the public school
fund. The South, since 1865
has spent $122,000,000 iu edu
cation, and this year is pledg-.
ed to $37,000,000 more for the
State aud city schools, although
the blacks, paying 1-30 of the
taxes, get nearly one-half of
the fund. Go into our fields
aud see whites aud blacks,
working side by side. On our
buildings iu the same squad
n our shops at the same forge.
Often the blacks crowd the
w.hites from work, or lower
wages by their greater need or
Simpler habits, and yet are
permitted, because we want to
bar them from no avenue iu,
which their feet are fitted to
tread. They could not there be
elected orator oi white universi
ties; as they have betn here but
they do "cuter there a hun
dred useful trades that are clos
ed against them here. We hold
if "better and wiser to tend the
weeds iu the garden than to wa
ter the exotic iu the window.
u the Scuth theie are negro
awyers, teachers, editors, den-
tiata, doctors, preachers, multi
plying with the increasing
ability of their ranee to support
them. In villeges and1 towns
they have their military com
pauies equipped from the ar
mories of the State, their
churches aud societies built
and supported largely by their
neighbors. What is the testi
mony of the couTts? In penal
legislation we have steadily re
duced felonies to misdemeanors
and have led the world in miti
gating punishment for crime,
that we might save, as far as
possible this dependent-race
from ills own weakness. In our
tentiary record 60 per cent of
the prosecutors are negroes,
and in everyi court the negro
criminal stikeB the colored jur
or, that white men may juage
his" case. In the North the,
percentage of negro prisoners
is six times as great as tint' of
native whites in the South.
only four times as great; If
prejudice wrongs hmi in-South
ern Courts the record snows
it to be deeper iu Northern
Courts. 'I assert here and a bar
as intelligent aud upright as
the bar of Massachusetts ; will
indorse- my assertion, that in
the Southern Courts, from
highest to lowest, pleading
for life, liberty or property, the
.... . -.
negro has distinct advanta
ges because he is a negro apt to
be overreached, oppressed aud
that 1 this advantage reaches
from the juror in -making his
verdict to the judge in measur-
in his sentence
Now, Mr. President, can it be
seriously maintained that we
are terroring. the people from
whose willing hands cornea
everv vear 81,000,000,000 of
farm crops? Or have jobbed
people who, twenty five years
from unrewarded slavery, have
amassed in one State 820,000,-
000 of property? Or that we
intend to oppress the one we are
arming every day? Or deceive
them, when we are educating
them to the utmost limit of
our ability? Or outlaw them
when we work side by side
with them? Or re-enslave
under legal forms, when for
their benefit we . have even
imprudently narrowed the
limit of felonies and mit
igated the severity of law? My
fellow countrymen, as you
yourselves may sometimes
have to appeal at the bar of
human judgment for justice
and lor right, give to many peo
ple to-night the fair aud un
answerable conclusion of these
incontestable facts. But it is
claimed that under this fair
seeming there is disorder and
violence. Tlus I; admit. And
there will be until there is
one ideal community on earth
after which we may pattern.
But how widely is it misjudg
ed. It is hard-to measure with
exactness , what ever touches
the negro. His helplessness
veteran as for you to give raqi-.
al significance to every incident
in tne south, or to accept, ex
ceptional grounds, as the rule
of society. I am not of those
who becloud American honor
with the parade of the outrages
of either section and belie
American character by declar
ing them to be significant and
regresentative. I prefer to
maintain that they are. neither
aud stand for nothing but the
pafsion ann sin oi our poor
fallen humanity. If .society
like a machine, were strong
er than its weakest part, I
should despair of both section j
But, knowing that society sen.
tient and respousible in every
fibre, can mend repair until thje
whole has the strength of the
best, I despair of neithec.
These gentlemen who com i
with ma here,, knit into
Georgia's busy lire as they are,
never saw, I dare assert, an
oUtrage'comruitted 6u a negro !
And if they did, no one of yon
would be 8 witter to preveut or
punish. It is "through ' them,
and the men . who, think witl
them maKing nine tenths oi
of every Southern -community
that these twv races have beeri
carried thus far with less oi
violence than would have been
possible anyvhere else on
earth.; And iu their fairness
and courage aud steadfastness,
more than in all the laws that
can be passed, or ail the bayo
nets that can be uiuterel , is
the hope' of our' future. -
When will the black.s cast
a free riallot ? When ignorance
any where is. nut doiniuated by
the will f the intelligent.
When the vote unhindered by
his boss. When the vole of
the poor anywhere not influec
ed by the p'iwr of the rioh,
When the string and steadfast
do Hot everywhere couvrol
the suffrage of the Weak and
shiftles-i then, and not till
the;, will Lhi ballot, of the
nero be free. The white peo
ple f the South are banded,
Mr. Presideut, not in prejudice
not in prejudice against the
blacks not in - sectional
estrangement not-iu the hope
ot poliiitical doininiou, but in
deep ind biding necessity.
Here is this vast : ignorant aud
purchasable vote; tempting
every ari, of.-, the demagogue,
but insensible to the appeal of
the statesmee. Wrongly start-
tedin, that it was led into alen
ation from itsi neighbor and
ta.ught to rely (in the protection
of an outride force, it cannot
tie merged and. lost in the two
great parties through logical
currents tor it lacks politcal
covictions and even that infor
mation on which couviction
must be based. It must remain
faciiou; strong enough, iu
every community to control
ou the slightest division of
the whites. Uuder that divis
ion it becomes the prey of the
cunning unscrupulous oi doiu
parties. Its credulity .is iiu
posed on, its passions inflamed
its cupidity tempted, its im
pulses misdirected, aucT-even
its superstiliou made to play its
part in a campaign , in which
every interest of society rs jeop
ardized and every approach to
the ballot box debauched. It
is against such ca.mpaius as
ihis, the folly and the bitter
ness and the danger of jwhich
every Southern community
has drunk deeply, that the
white people of the South are
bttided togethar Just as you
are in Massachusetts would be
banded if 300,000 black men,
uot one n a hundred abe to
read Jiis ballqt banded in
race instinct, folding against
you the raemorjl: of a century
of slavery, taught by your late
couquors to' distrust and op
press you, had already
travestied legislation froui your
State House, iand i-tT'- every
species of fojly or villainy had
wasted your substance and ei
haused your credit.
But admitting the right or
the whites to unite agaiu.st this
tremendous menace, we are
challenged with the smallness
of our votie. Thjis has ' long
teen flippantly ctlHrged to be
evidence, and has now been
solemnly and officially declared
to be proof of' political turpi
tude and basenesb on far prat
Let us see. Virginia, a State
now under fierce assault for
this" alleged crime) cast in 1888,
75 per cent, of her vote. Mas
sachusetts, the State in which I
speakj 60 per csnt.-of her vote.
Was it suppressoiu iu Virginia
and natural causes iuMansachu
sel ts ? Las month Virginia
cast 60 per cent, of her. vote,
and Massachusetts, fighting in
every district, cast only 49 per
ceLt. of hers. If Virginia is
condemned because 31 per cent,
of her vote was silent, how
shall this State escape iu which
51 per cent, was dumb ? Let
us enlarge, this comparison.
The sixteen Southern States in
'88 cast 67 per cent, of their
total vote; the six New Eng
land States but 63 per . cent, of
theirs. By what fair rule shall
the stigma be put upon one
section, while the other
escapes.? A congressional elec
tion in" New York last week,
with the polling place in touch
of every voter, brongh out only
6,000 votes of 29,000, and the
lack of opposition is assigned
coloredl as. tho natural cauaet In a dis
trict in my.Siate in which an,
opposition speech has not been
heard in ten years and the poll
ing places are miles apart,
under the unfair reasoning of
which my section has been a
constant victim, the small -vote
is charged to be proof of
forcible suppression. : la Vir
ginia .au average majority of
10,000, under hopeless condi
tion of the minority, was raised
to 42,000; in Iowa in the same
election a majority of 32,000
was wiped out and an opposi
tion majority of 8,000 was e-
tablished. The change of 42,
000 votes in Iowa is accepted
as political revolution, in Vir
ginia an increase of 30,000 on a
safe majority is declared to be
proof of political fraud. I
charge these facts and figures
home, sir, to the heart and con
science of the American peo
ple, who will not, assuredly,
see one section condemned for
what another section is excus
ed! If 1 can. drive them
through the prejudice of the
partisan have them read and
pondered at the fireside of the
citizen. I will r--t on the
judgment there f i i.i d'and the
verdict there reudered !
toe nana or tne government it abiding friendship. And whatever
blpe to create but never, sir, I we do, into whatever Reenung
wil j single State of this Union, ! estrangement we mav be driven,
Worth or South, be delivered again ' nothing shall shall disturb tint love
to rue control oi an ignorant and ; we heal this Bepnbhc
inferior race. We wrested our OQr consecration to i
oiate government bom negro su
premacy when tLe Federal dram
beat rolled closer to the ballot-box,
and Federal bayoneta hedged" it
deeper about than wilt .erer again
be permitted
inent. But. ni
. this tree govern-
r, though the cannon
of this Republic tnuudered'in every
It is deplorable, sir, that in
both section a larger percent
age of the vote is not regularly
cast. But more inexplicable
that this should be to in New
England, that in the South.
What invites th negro to the
ballot box? He knows that of
all men it has promised him
most and yielded him least.
His first appeal to suffrage
was the promise of "forty acres
and a mule." His secjnd, the
threat that Democratic sucoess
meant his re. enslavement.
Both have been proved false
in his experience.; He
looked for a home, and he
got the Freedman's Ban1'! ' He
fought under promise . of the
loaf, and in victory was denied
the crumbs. Discouraged ind
deceived, he has realized at last
that his best friends ar,e his
neighbors with whom his last
lot is cast and whose.prosperity
is bound up in bisJT and that
he has gained nitbing in
politics to compensate the loss
of their confidence and
sympathy that is ai last his
best aud his enduring : hope.
And so, without leaders or
organizations- and lacking the
resolute heroism of my party
friends in Vermont that make
their hopeless march over the
hills a high and- inspiring
pilgrimage and he shrewdly
measures .- t b e occasional
agitator, Valances . his little
account with politics, 'tiuchea
up his mule and joga down the
furrow, letting the mad world
wag as it will ! -
The negro voie can never
control in the South, and it
would be well if partisans at
the North would understand
this. I have seen the white
people of the State set about
by black hosts until' their fate
seemed sealed. But, sir, some
brave man, banding them
together , woma rise, as
Elisha rose - inbleaguered
Samaria, and- touching their
eyes' wich faith, bid
them v look abroad to see
the very air "filled with the
chariots of Israel aud the.
horsemen thereof." If there is
any human force that cannot
be withstood, it is the power of
the banded intelligence; aud
responsibility of a free commu
nitythe Ijustaud the righteous
safeguard against an ignorant'
Or corrupt suffage. It is ou
this, sir, that we rely in the
South. Not the cowardly
menace 'of mask or shotgun, but
the peaceful majesty of intel-.
Jigeuce aud , responsibility,
massed and unified for the
protection of its homes and the
preservation of its liberty.
That sir, is our reliance and our
hope, aud against it all the powers
of earth shall not prevail. It was
just as certain that Virgiuia would
come hack to the unchallenged
control J of her white ?race, that
betore the mortal and material
power of her people once more am -
hfd, opposi'ion would crumble
until its last desperate j leader was
left alone, vainly striving to rally
his disorder 3d hosts, as- that
n gut should fade in the binding
glory of the. sun. You may pass
force bills, but they will not avail.
You may surrender yonr own lib
erties to Federal eleutiou law, you
may snbmit, iu fear of n necessity
that does not exist, th-tt the very
form of this govern ni'-ut may be
changed you may. n viie Federal
interference with thf New England
town meetinc.tuat ua.-t ien for a
hundred ' yea.-s the guarantee of
local government in America this
old State which Loidf i i i charter
the Iwasftbatjif'is a JVt-r ud inde
pendent Com raon weal' I.'' -it may
deliver its election macuioery into
voting aiHtncc ot the a jntn, we
still should find in the mercy of
GQd the means and the courage to
prevent its re-lestablishment.
I regret, sir, that my section,
hindered with this problem, stands
in Heeming estrangement to the
North. If, sir, any man will point
out to me a path dowu which peo
ple of the South, divided, mav walk
in peace and honor, 1 will take tliatl
path though I took it aloue for at
its end, ami nowhere else, I fear, is
to be found i he fnll prosperity of
my H.H-.tiou ud the full restoration
of. this Uniou. But; sir, if the
negro Lad not been enfranchised,
the South would have been divided
and the republic united. His en
tianchisemeut against which I
enter ho protest holds the South
united and compact. What sola
liou, then," cani we offer for the
problem ? Time alone can dtneloae
it to us. We simply report progi
ress, and askyoar; patieuce. If
the problem is solvnd at all and 1
firmly believe it will,, though no
whore else has it been it will, be
solved by the people most deeply
pledged iu honor fo its solutiob.
I, had rather see any p-ojje render
Oack this qnemu rightly solved
than to see tbem gather all. the
spoils over which fact ion has cou
teuded" 'since (Jaialiue conspired
aud Caesar tough". Meantime we
treat the negro I-tiilv, measuring
to lnui justice in l in- ftiliietss the
strong should give to the eak,Hnd
leading hiu in the steadfast way
of citizenship .that he may i;no
longer he the prey of the. uUscrupu--lous
ai'd the Mport ot the thought
less. We open to hrtn every pur
suit .in which be can prosper, and
Keek to bioadeu his traitiining and
capacity. We seek to hold-his con
fidence and friendship and. to pin
him to the soil with ownership, that
he may catch iu thj Hre of his own
bearthstone that"seii.-e of respob
sibillty the shifrles cau nevr
know. And we -"gather him into
that alliance of intelligence and
responsibility, that, though it now
mns c!o3e to racial- linen,
the responsible and intelligent of
any race. By this coarse, confirm
ed in our judgment and justified in
tne progress a-xeaiiv made, we
hope to progress slowly but surely
to the end. :
The love we fee! for that race
you enunot measure, nor compre
hend. As I attest it here,- the
spirit of my old bla-k uiainin.,froiu
her home np there, looks down to
btes, and- through the tumult ot
this night steals the sweet, music oi
her crooniugs as thir'y years ago
she held me iu her black arms and
led me smiling into "nle p. This
ncene vanishes a. I. speak, ( aud I
catch a' vision of hu old Southern
home with is loity pillars' and its
uigeons fluttering down , through
th'e golden air. I see onien with
strained aud anxious faces, and
children alert, yet. helpless. I see
uibt come cpwn with its dangers
aud apprehensions, ani in a big
homelf room I leel on my tired
head the touch of lov:ng hands
now worn und wrinkled, but fairer
to me yet than the hands of mortal
wotnau aud stronger yet to lead
me than the hanus ot mortal man
as they lay a mother's blessing
there, while at her knetg the
truest altar I have yet found I
thank God that she is safe in her
sanctuary, because her Blave,, sen.
tioel iu the silj-nt cabin, ou guard
at her chain Ix-r door, put a black
mau's ; loyalty b tweeu i.er and
danger. I, catch siuotner vision
The crisis of battle-a soldier
struck, staggeiing. tallen-H .1 see a
lave, scuttling tlouugb the tmoke
wiu.viiug Ins bSack arms abouu the
fallen lorm, reckless ofihui tlihg
death. oeudtug his trust y laoe to
catch the words that, trt iuble ou
t'le strickeu lips, no wrestliug
meantime with agony that he would
lay down bis life iu . his mastei's
au-at'i ' I 3ee him by tho weary
bfdsi.lc, miuisteripg. with uiicoui
plaiuiug tieuee, piaying with all
his humble .heart" that God will lift
his master up, until death comes iu
mtrc.y and iu houor to still .the
,80'diei's auoiiy and seal the sol
di r'j 1.1V: I. see him .by tho opeu
grave, mute, - uiououless, Uncover
ed, suU'jiiug for the death . of him
w q .iti lite ' fought agaiust his
freedom, ;l see him,, when . the
nieuud m heaped and the great
drmaof-his tile is cloyed, turn
away "and with downcast eyes' and
uncertain step start out into uew
and strange fields, faltering, Strug
gniUY hi. 'iiioviug on, until his
shauitiliug Hure is out in the light
of this be'ter ami brighter day.
Aud fiQiu the gra-o comes u voice
uij'ing, . "Foiow him! Put jour
aims about him in his need, even
as t he nut his about me.' " lie
his triend as lid was .mine."- And
out into t his ew world, Tjnge to
me as to hirn, dazzl.ug, bewildering
both I tooow ! And; mav God
forget my people when they for
get these !
Wha.ever the iatnre may -hold
for them whether they plod along
or miugate
s service, i
stand here, Mr, President, to pro
fess no new loyalty. When Gener
al" Lee, whose heart . ' was the
temple of our k hopes, and whose
arm was clothed with our. strength,
renewed his allegiance to this .gov
ernment at Appomattox, be spoke
from a heart too gteat to be talse,
and he spoke ior every honest man
from Maryland to Texas. From
that day to this Hamilcar . has no
where in the South sworn young
Hannibal to hatred and vengeance,
bat everywhere to loyalty and to
loye. Witness the veteran stand
ing in the base of a Confederate
monument, above the graves of his
comrades, b s empty sleeve toss ng
in the April wind, adjuring the
young men about him to serve as
earnest and loyal cif'z ns the gov
ernment against which their, fath
ers fought. This message, deliver
ed from their sacred presence, has
gone home to .the hearts of my
fellows! And, sirr I declare here,
it physical courage be always equal
to human aspiratiou, that they
would? die, sir, if need be, to restore
this Republic their lathers fought
to dissolve !
Sucb. Mr. President, . is this
problem as we see it, each, is the
temper iu which we approach it,
sach the progress made. What do
we ask of you t First, patience;
bat of this alone can come perfect
work. Second, confidence, in this
alone can you judge lairly. -Third,
sympathy; in this you can help us
best. Fourth, give us your sons
as hostages. When you plant yonr
capital in millions, send jour sous
that they may know h w true are
our hearts, and may b-ip to swell
the Caucasian current until it cau
carry without danger this black in
fusion. Fift h, lo alty to the repub-1
lie for .there is FeetiotiatNiu tir
loyalty as i i-sfran m-i.t. T ii
hour 1.; tie needs i he, lo. all j that is:
lo;,il to otie seciioujaud , y..-t. holds
the other iu euoiiriug su-ipiciou
aud- estratigenienv Give us the
broad mid pet feat loyalty that
loves aud trusts Georgia alike with
Mssuchusets that knows no
South, uo NJrth, no East, no Wea ,
hut endears wi h equal and pa
triotic love every foot cf odr soil,
4ery State of our Union. A mtghtv
ilnty, sir. and a' mighty Inspira
tion impels every one of us to-night
t. 1... a in iri'lr,l in. nAnuaAruti nn
wf Icouie TVhatever estranges, whatever di
vides. We, sir, are Ainerican8,and
we stand for human liberty ! The
uplifting force of the. American
idea js under every throne ion
earth. France, Brazil these are
our victories. To redeem the earth
from king craft and press ten
th is is onr mission ! And we shall
not ft.il. God has sown in oar soil
the seed of his millenaal harvest,
and he will tot lay the sickle to the
ripeuiug'crop until his full and per
fect day has come. Oar. history,
sir, has been a constant and ex
panding miracle from Plymouth
tioak aud J.imestown all the way
aye, even from the hoar when, from
the voiceless and trackless ocean, a
new world rose to the sight of the
inspired sailor. As we approach
the lourtu contenmaKof that 'Stu
pendous day when tho Old World
will come to marvel amii to learn
amid our gathered tren i-s let as
resolve to crown the iui aolesofour
past with, the spectacle of a Ke
public, compact, united, indissolu
ble ia .the bonds ot. love loving
from the laces to the' gulf the
wounds of war healed iu rvery
heart as' on every hill serene and
respleudeut at the summit pf bn
man achit-viuent and earfiily glory,
blazing our, the path, and, making
clear the way up vkhio'i all uations
used to think when I was young",
And iny heart was neo irorn guile
That there was giief iu every tear
And joy iu every snnlj. .
That friendship was not all a cheat
And love could never die.
But thinkingjiow ot what I thank
I thiuk l.thauk a lie '
J ; .-'- -r ' -'
uied tojthink a'ooat myself
Ami think that I would be.
A govet ufr or a president, '
or a general ltie ijee. -
Bat 1 tiaiB awaited long iu vain:
Whilst ? man rnltml cI.w-Itt hir
... OlVf f, ij V?)
Aud thinking uow of what I thank.
1 think! thuuk a lie. . .
. -' -.
I ned vo think that ladies ware -
A'l sweenies combined . '
Thai they wci-h all God's last and.,
18t .
Of peifectiifss refined.
That ViK- wet o not half pads and
pmr,; .
But'augels fioiri oiiSSigh.
Bat thinking uov of what I thnnk
1 know I thunk. a lie.
The preachers too I used to think
Were not like other men.
And wero nit te.npted of the flesh,
Aim con hi not therefore sin.
But. sioce I've traveled 'round a bit
I've wafched them on the alv.
And thinkiug-now of what I thnnk
1 thiuk I thank a lie.
The finest tiller oft he soil, -
When marketing his crop, - -Take
pains to put the ripe and best
Always upou the top.
I used to think those honest-men
1 VVouJd never cheat nor try,
Bat thinking now of what I (hank
1 thiuk I thank a lie.
The editor's', a lordly set, j ..
Who liveuin unlk and honey, 1 '
They've uOthing else on enrth to do
But wnte and rake iu mjney,
Iieastwise that vav
; But uow it make
Totthiuk about- th
And how I tliuni
What .obl men. tj
I usetTto thiuk they came
I used to think
inu cry
l way I thunk,
lie
he ilocters are.
som heavenly
mid fame.
irrom neaveu or
laud,
Aud worked for rove
That they could euro all human ills
And never let us che,
But thinking uow ot what I tbnnk
I think I thuuk a lie.
The lawyersiooT I used to think
Oh ! Gou forgive the thought.
That their . convictions ol the- right
Could uot by knaves bought,
That they would not a client rob,
Or "sell" htaa on the nly. . "
But tbiniiug now of what 'I'thunk
I I thiuk I thunk a lie. -
The dry goods men are houost, too,
!Tuey swear they sell at cost. .
used to thiuk they fold the truth, -
And m'H their profits lost,
thought a yard was full t line fee
Don't ak tny Reasons why,
Bu thinkiug now of wh m I thunk.
1 thiuk l thuuk a lie.
The hotel lerk I used fo thiuk.
Would try to be polite,
Would answer qnestionj put to hjm -i
And treat stranger nghf,
That rather than hcl play tho ass,
v That he would sooner die.- -..
But thinking now oi what 1 thank
I thiuk I thunk a lie. .
aiuk
of the earth must
appointed time !
come in tJod's
:al out,
or,
the tariff
In the.servitude from which thev
have never, been lifted since the
Cyreniau was laid bold upon by the
liouiau soldiers, and made to bear
the cross of the .faiuting Christ
whether they fjud homes agaiu in
Afrioa. and' thus hasten the prohe
cy of the psalmist, who said : "And
suddenly Ethiopia shall hold out
her bauds unto God;" whether
forer dislocated aud separate,
they remain a weak people beset
by stronger, and exist as the Turk,
who lives on the jealously 4-atber
thanfin the conscience of Europe
or wpetner in this miraculous Re
public tbey b-eak. through the
c8te ot twenty ceutaries and,
Deiying universal history, reach
the inn stature of citizeusbip. and
ana in peace maintain it we' shall
give them uttermost justice audj
.Convincing Proof..
Iu many instance.- it has been
proven that B. B. B.( Botanic Bioot
Balm), made by Blood Balm Co,
Atlanta, Ga., will care blood poison
in 'its worse phase, even when all
other treatment fails. I
A. P. Bronsou, Atlanta; Ga4
writes : "I had 24 running-ulcers
on one leg and 6 on the other, and
felt greatly prostrated. I believe 1
actually swallowed a barrel of
medicine, in vain effott. to cute
the disease. With little hope I
finally acted on the urgent advice
of ajriend, and got a bottle of B.
Ii. ri. 1 expeneuced a change, and
my dependency waj somewhat
dispelled. I kept uing it until I
had taken sixteen bottles,' and' all
other horrors of blood (miisou have
disappeared, and at last I am
souud and Well again, after au ex
perience of twejty -jears of
torture."
Robert Ward, Maxey, ,Ga.,
writes: '-Mv disease was pro
nounced a tertiary form of blood
poison. My face, head and should
ers were a mass of coirqption, and
finally the disease began eating
my skull bones. My bones acbed,
ny kidneys were deranged. 1 lost
flash and strength, and life brcame
a burden. All said I roast surely
die, out nevertheless, when I had
used ten bottles of B Br.U I was pro-
uuuDcen wen. UuuureUs. ol fears
cau now be seen on me. I have
now been well over twelve
months." - j
The Democrats, 1 used '
If.once they got the !
Would turn the dirty . ,
And kick 'em froi.i thu
That they would stop
steal, ' f ' . '
That piles the surplus high,
Bat wbea I think oi what 1 thunk,
1 iJthink I f hank a fie.
-i
And then I thought that Harrison
Who.tool; old Grover's shoes,
Would have tt backboue aud the
grit, J v '
' To give us all our dues. "
But tat iff laws aud pchsiou frauds,.
Still mafees the nation sigh,
Aud thinking now of what I thank, -
1 think I thank a lie. 1 ,
i nseu co xiudh eiecmons were
The public will i6 voice, f
An4 Vfox. a4himble ilugi.ng gunie
To give the' cliques t heir, choice.
Tharp.itriotistn played its.part
Tho' jstills were nevef lry,
Bot thinkiug now of what 1 thunk
I thiuK I thank a lie.
-
I used o thiuk that public tscjiools
Would fill a long felt ne'd, J
By teaching all our boys l girls, '
How to spell and lead, . 'i
Bui ml fapeand jheir rotlenefsj
Is everywhere the erv, l
And vben I think of'wlnit 1 thunk
I think lr hunk a lie. j '
The niggers" too, 1 Used to- think.
If once-they were set free, - I,
Would make good honest citizens
Like white folks nsed to be. I
Bat ther havo wauuered fat from '
grace, ) "
The chickens still roost high
Bat thinking now of what I thunk
Aud how I thunk a-lie.
I "used. to. think the town nolice ?
With alt the blue and brass,
Would never sleep upon bis poafi
Nor let a crimnial ptss. ;
That on blind, tigers the; would
keep . ' ' t
- An ever' Watchful eye,
But thinking now of . ha; I thauk
I think I iLui;k a lie. -
My love was like a lilly fair
Low drooping in the snltry air.
my heart was rent wuh g-ief arid
care.
I loved her well
Bat lo j The wander
grows ;
My love is now y like
; rose
How bright bet face
glows,
lrs not tell.
The wondering bee would stop
i .sip,
The necar of her perfect -lip.
'TwasDr. Pierce's Favorite Pre
scrip-.
Tion wrought the spell.
Our calaboose, I' ued to Junk, ,
Was strong as any jaiL v1 ?t.
That thev which try its walls" to
b.eak, ' -
Would most assuredly fail.
That guardsmen 'o duty sworn,
Would ne'er let prisoners fly,
But thinking now ofwhat I thank
"Wts "woiset". than a liec - i ' J
grows aud
a blooming
ith beauty
to
"To Motners-
' For upwards of fifty years 'Mns.;
Winslow's Soo-riiixn' Syntr" ha.s'
beeii ued by inilltoftH of. motbefs
for. their children wli h) teetbfrig
with nerei-itailiug safety and fic
cess., f csoothes i hi; c-lol'!, soi'tns
the gains', allavsjall patii, regulates
the bowels, curei wind cote and is
4he"be"t .-remedy ' fot diarrhoea.-
"Mrs Wixslow'.s .Soothixo
Syeup'Ms for ta'o by drusgist in
every part ot the world. ' Puce 25
cents a bottle, : -
r