1 ' v " '
lTHB'T R UT n u ti I riEt h it :- U BlC.GO OD-90
' Co. lb.'.
fr-
S5v? iiX rR acts mrm
f From I. pimpltleiteif'MhSK it Bofc
t5vventlfd, Aii 1 addreft to the
; ' Je of NewEhgland;' figned -AlgiHitoa
J I? Sidney aiiix attributed to: the ! pen of
Gmvni!, GiHdEti Volt Mailer Getw
. .vIt U faid thalbulF profperity 'and hp
finet 'ought not to be interrupted to try.
f i a political experiment-S-nor hate they been
Mhe ?riwireT interrfttt''f nd, vai far
' -her depend on fofeisn concerns, deftroy.
,ei by foreign power ; and thef experi..
I s . v-f ment was tried to reltore ' them 1 hot at
t:$Sli their hazard, f Every aa V goTernaie'Hi,
r:''erf improrement in art,(cience8i and
5, , the ordinary purfuitt of life : and 'every
j:-irori a open new iraae . u an eipciw
I ; ment. So was the fettlement of thiscoun.
: tryVandfo wai yourf confederation, the
" declaration of independence, and the con-
j ftitotion. 3 ''?''h'?X : 1
V. What it thVibuHc' opi6Ctton;iroai4,
( -. "; liave purfued Would they confent to
F pay tribute .rributft 1.7 from whom i
-America f 1 to whom f,. England f pltu
. impoffible 1 .You fettled thia "queftion
- rn you were colonies, at the edge of the
liedian Sabre, and the Indian tomahawk,
, . . nd the mouth of the Britifh cannon. You
.3 '. . were then few, poor and infantile j with
i - ' ; . out arms, without refources, and without
7 a government, v And on What queftion ?
whether you (hciuld pay , tribute ; of fix
, ; cents on a 'pound of tea a luxury of
: foreign growth, i It was the prinCip!et not
,, the tax, that rouled your palBons, called
t,' your hidden energies into aQion, and In
;' view cf the aftonilhed world, led yod to
It ' - triumph over " the mod . powerful nation
j:v then on earth.' And will you now, anume
a .rous, powerful ptople, whh the beft go 1
t tcrnraenr, replete with refourcti ft arms,
- -v whenever yo wifh to fell a Cirgo of your
-own produces to aa European power, pay
Y ' , tnbufe for permillion ? " ' If yon would not
-then pay it for a fin?l luxury of Ada,1
i -Cv .will yoo bow on all the produQi ef A-
Wtica 1 k Oa your cotton its full Ta'ue,'
and one fifth on all other articles r-, '
s If yon will I tCt up to the principVi
that govern yon t at Uie lots of your and
your country's honor and independence.
Save as much at you 'no. At England's
law (lands, yon have to pay, going and re.
v turning, double freight and doable char
' gea. ' You convey your produQs, and the
j' - return cargo, to Eacland land and ftort
I y them 1 py fiorage, lightage, wharfage, U
j tribute and then, and then only you may
'' . reload your veffd and fail tor :he dedined
port. Tf ou had better petition hii Gracious
, - MaJcOy, in tender regard to the ef and
f " 'happiaefrof bis American fubjeCU.to tp.;
t po-nt proper officers at hit ports and bar
I , ' tors in thefe United Srates to receive your
' (not our) contributions and to allow you
- to fil direct to the ports ef deQinanon.
fJ - The favtnr will be great in money, and
y J. greater in fceluigs 1 and his majefty may
I ' triot the requel.if hit tidewairers, whir.
fngetf, baker, viQuallers deputy COtlec.
1ov, tavern and (lore Irrpen, alarmed at
' the lof,of proSrv, do not objcQ. -1 ab
. folve'the oppoCia froa the xtrA diltant
. 4 thought of ittcb baieofft. In conjuaaion
"' wiih Hie republicans they hare voted
, Thai the Onbed Statu cannot without
- a fjctifics cf tf eit r'gKti, bonou and in.
. ' cepe nit nee. fuVriir to the lite rMiQi cf
. t Great Biiiaia and France What then
- ttmilni f War or intermediary mtjfarra.
' blj tiinciral objefl li, to convince yoaj
4 j leteod reaiohaile doubt thittns oat wo.
gvernmrnt mrtitl gmral enfideoft ,
f ; tSat it ever la btrn, and (t attentit t (6
4" therijthtsofcommerrei that It is your
y iotftr 4, tt w! as tour dwy, ft yield it
'evrrv fupfoiti and thit the fepartiuo
j , fJrw.JiflMacd frvii Se O'hrf flUfS
wotfid tea cert vfty trtmiruie id the tuia
f that pari cf the naffon. .
, , i'l6td Pg 10 eUcJ.lt thete points', k
Wvnete ultkisNtonriJir iof a moment
the ttiee fifat",-n of vftifuhwe,
f
.commerce and manfaSjures. : J$ef w
fiftera, Aimculturel th neatflVealtb
ftrebgth,; and virtue ; without , her com
merce cannot exnt, and manutattureican
not : flourifli v without her,..in modera7f
not in an:ient .days, noiiatioa has 'be.
come great and powerful, except Holland,
and the circumllances which , led to her
profperityj have long ceafed to exift;;i5
The wealth of the farmer is fixed it
cannot be removed .or deftroyed .It is
ifible it is tangible t, it poffetfes'in in-;
herent power of prpducing wealth j and it
forever remains a corner (tone ana pillar,
of national fecurity. ., 17hia : emplsyment
gives: health and energy t. he ,.kflws no
country, other than his own t and Wnd
the manufacturer are ever, at Uir pofts,
ready to defend rhen.a4pn.;; '"Vv
?': The wealth of the merchant, as, well as
himfelf, may be hereto day, to morrow In
Europe. ITiey may . be withdrawn the
moment they are the! oft wanted. V This
weaTth U' fleeting and tranfitory. dachas
no country, no home It feeks all climatvs,1
and for all it has nearly an equal refpeCt,
labouring only for fe If multiplication. ut(
agriculture flouriOies . tnoft , when com
nitre is most aclive : and the manufaclu-'
rer thrives better when aided by both, than
when deprived of either. v:
t .The principal of the four reafon which
induced the formation of our conftitution
wai to give life to commerce, and through'
it to derive a revenue. . , 7 , A V -
Recur to th period between peace and
the prelent government-. Uid not the'
.comniercul ftites, enrich themtelvs at the
expence of the agricultural Di4 not
Maryland efieatbe vital teurce af Vif
ginia 7 Did not New York and MaiHu
chufetti lay North Carolina, Jerfey, Con '
neclicur, and. Vermont under confribu
(ton f Did the farmer thnver or wis liisT
vif.je marked with a Anile of conjent I ,
. . If our commerce V annihilated, will not'
the period of agricultural difcomtnts and
delpondeucy return I , - . ; .
, If it be .transferred to a foreign powrr,
will not that power, in imitation . of , the
commercial ftatei, enrich herfelf at this
nation's expence I , V "
. , rhe national benefits of our manufac
tures are apparent, and political conCdeu
tions thould induce, as to fofter. tfvem-(
They depend forthanr fucccfi, not left oa
commercs, than on agriculture. Com
merce fupplies the manufatlurrr with
capiulf .with nw materials, vends his
wares and manolaclures in different coua
trks, and b different, parts of the fame
country, and teturoa to the artift hU profit
and reward, 1 . , .
, That foch is the cpin'wa of tlie manu.
fafturer is eviffent from his eQaWifhing
hjmfclf, almofl .tukiverfaUy, within the
reach of narigatbc, and in the comtterci
al parts of the country, in, or near towns
i llie cotreOneCi of bis opinion is proved
by thffjU. la 1803, tut wttbiltading
the bfarcy of oat manufsQurett our Bin
chants vended in foreign countries two
millions feftfl hundred tod Ctven thoufaAd
dotlsrs worth ni Ameticin manufaclares,
to produce, which, eight hundred and
tghteeo iboufanJ doQais worth of fortiga
ou;cfts were oJrd ( , T
' No man cf nfleOba will deny the wlf.
dom of profrelHrrly aiding our manafc
tattt, by laws prohibiting 1)4 Introdacttoa
of foch articles as our citizens can fur-ply
at a reafoflable price, of impoling facia
dai'rsa wiU give them decided aivaa.
tape . Nor wul this operate uti.!)y 10
this bjury of the merchant when k Ukrt
bom him aa article ef irrpftt, It f -infixi
aa snie'e of cipon to a fors gi ctrantiy.of
to a diHtot part of hit owo. and the tlaviga
will be grade! and aJmoA Irtpercrplb.
Th menlunt may lura ,his capiiaU4.a
i,Srra ommrtcial channel. . j ,
Bat great sal loidea chaD'H are tfaa
grws to all rtmomms, a4 tbr ttftirk
ap'Wt i h a&ktaul fvtce 19 a t'pt'.ic.
f.'otU-g it mote tficuH thaa loforce
the people of a pr6fefilon or sv fetion,'to
Jibaadon a favorite purfuif. and to'aflume
ne; which tfiey deteft, and in which they
are' hot (killed;'-':'
T0t;mjiie pwlfiMe for a tyrant to ef eft
It, by 'fcourging hif nation with a rod of
irot. rThis eapon does not belong to a
free'' government flfyjltXV'Ti;'
I come now to fpeak of that wtereft, In
which the greateft portion of four prof
perity ia atftake I mean commerce ; 1
tin i iti tnoft extehfive fenfe, it includes
"the bternal traffic, which is enrried 6n
between citizens of the fame (late or na V
tion, or different Rates, by purchafe or ex
change, Mwellas that ihtrrcourfe which
it carried on between different nations and
countries by navigation.. The former iaf
ufually called internal trade, the latter for
eign commerce. " V"f. X-'k;'"''
The former is calculated by ecoaomifts,
to be frdm five to twelve, times as exten
five as t he' latter, vajry'ing its proportioa aci
cording to the xfent of foreign enterprifi;.
This internal trade is aflifted hj its free
dom from taxation, by the a&jvirv of for
eign commerce, and by occaDonal bounties
granted by ftates for the Culture of parti
cular articles. It ought to be ftimulated
by public, improved roads, canals, and
bridges, and by every thing which facili
tates internal intrrcoufe between the fea
b ard and the country, and different parts
,-jf the interior. " . . : ' "
S Nothbg rsTnote certain, than that as
you increafe the fafety of internal tranfpor-'
tation, and leuea irs expences, you in
creafe the value - of each, man's farm
open an additional country to market, ex
tend the amount of your product for fo
reign commerce, & enlarge the means of
acquiring the comfortr and elegancies of
life-Nor is it lefs clear that by internal im -
? movements the national domalnTmight be
rfcreafed in Value, a fum equal to the re
ceffary expenditure fo that by a judicious,
and liberal plan, the facilities of imercourfe
might be f umifhed to the- interior, even
without the bconventence of a temporary
advance. - When to Jiefe coufiderations is
added one ri higher importance the a
maJgamatatioa of local interefltand feelings
which thefe iroproremcntt would produce,
wi out injuring the rights of date fore;
reignties, is it not matter' of deep regret,
that notwithftanding the repeated attempts
of the PreGdent to induce' an a tt cm ion to
this fubjeel, no one fiep mould have been
t.krn Wh is eafier jhnt by a rule
which (hall do equal judict to each (latek
to effrQ thefe neccuary and all important
improvements I ; 1 ' . '
And la It not worthy of feriout rtSecTJon,
that whi.ij more than twenty eighr millions
of dollartharc been advanced to aid fo
reign ccmmerce,'ia which five fix bs of the
aari-m htve only an indirect and partial be.
ncfit, not one cent hat been advanced to aid
the farming irrrereft directly,' il hooh it
would indirectly (ire an equal' aid to
commerce f "
Fc w men entertain a hlghcj opimon than
I do of the vilue of foreign commerce it
produced befoie the revolution a great por
tion of the cap'u at that enabled us to carry
thiou;h 1 he flrogge. It generated thvt frl
rit of hardy e.itcrpr'.xe, which aided by
our nautical aVi I,ferely innoied the trade
of the enemy, and furp'ied this nation
with many articles of the first ntcedj'. It
encouraged that lote of liberty, and inde
pefdence of thought and action, uhlch
emioendy otributeJ to oar becoming 4
anion , . " ,
, It has Grace fciv-a life snd (jwtt to sgrl
al'tii, tajfcJ the value of our lands, and
furr.Uhe aa ef tnfite Amerkaa capful,
eqaal, ard bdted fepcrior, to the demands
ol our whole commerce A capital which
may tOnRitut a fund for the fupport of
the Biilon ia the dy of re futy
NoiIJng f) tnnte unfou&tfrd thin the
fa('lkm that Anxtican commetce U in
delned to lUirfe 1 1) ttyeife U the fact,
to the amoaot ol maoy miUloei. Lng
land's pretended balance embraces all tho
inXoIvencies and ' -bankruptcies of fixty -years
and BritiCh merchants have more r
of American capital than fufficieat to pay -Britifb
demanda.. ' ',.'
.. It has furnifhed fundi," for the msft of
bar batiks, infurances, turnpikes, bridges,'
and caoali,;i5i2
' -.To this-it ha been, principally owing
that New England has atrired- to her pre
tent ftate of improvement and wealth. In
New England it is coeval with her exiiU
ence T he revolution and Conftitution- "
both found you highly commeicial ; In
that character you became parties to both' a ,
compacts of civil government, and your -right
to a realonable fupport in your fa
vorite purfuU is as clearly and fully gua- -ranteed,
asjsto arty Other fclafs in (ociety,
its pur fu its and inteteftsl ihii.- m r
In further confidering the right of ihia ' .
commerce to the countenance and protec".'
tion of aoverament. iti dirifion into cfiiTes '
more correct oecuion. , -u
- Firft. The carrying trade.,',' y N
. r It U that commerce where the merchant
fenda his veflel with a cargo of our pro
ducts or commercial capifa! to any foreign
port, and ' brings in return the merchau
dife of that port, defined for foreign con."
fumption, or ia fuch" quantities as exceed -the
demands of our market and after it
has beeo incorporated with the body of
our meichandile, it is fent to another fo-;
reign port for f.!e. Often it is extended
ftiil further after leaving our ports, it dif-.
pofct of its cargo at the port of its. firft
dedination 1 procures another. 'fells it at a '.
third, and fooni tilt finally it returns home
enriched with thecomnietie of many cour.
tr es. It alwsya exifta in a limited extent 1 .
but its profits are principally derived troov
a date of warfare among the great natrons '
of Europe. . , , . r .'. '.
t From.it this nation derives the follow
bg benefits. r.
1(1. Aa annual increafe of wealth
drawn In time of war from foreign couo
tiet, equal'to from ten to twenty mUlioua .
ef dollars. ' , .. - ; r., : -.- '
8d . A more perfect knowledge of the ,
commerce of the world, from which our
merchants arc enabled to make more cor
rect calculations b favor of our neccllary
foreign commerce. '. . ' v '
; Si. The increafe of our navigation
our fea Ben and their OalL ',
4th. A reduction of price, effected by
the furplui quantities on hand, of from -twenty
to fotty per cent on many of tha '
articles for home confumptioa. '
5 h. An bcome to the public coffe'i,
exctuCve of the eapenditprt koccafioos,
equal ia time of war between foreign na.
tions, to about our twelfth of our rereoue.
ThU U a tax actually defrayed by other -Couoitiei,
and u the only revenue that ,is
not even.uaJly paid by ihe feo of this ,
nation..; ' . .
n4 trade merits the atte&uoo of go.
veroment, audits ferviccs by the appebt
ment oi oeceffary agents, by aegocianont,
and by an enforcement of the law of na- ,
tiors aa far U practicable but U the vital '
intertill of no c.afi of citizens, and con-
fequently of no fectioa art tnrotved in ir,
its maintenance is not to be expected at '
the expence of war. . ... -aiecondly.
Neccffary foreign totnmeice,
, This embraces the eiport of. our pro.
dacla, and the importation cf fuch articlei
of foteiga growth and mnafaAurt as -connibu
e to our neceffiiiet, comfoer, and
happlnrCa. . This commerce can never ie
luncodeicd tot aoy conCderab time en
. dvr ay poITible pixumAancei -It is tHV o.
tial toour frofptriy and hapjinr, tai "
even to our independence. It m fairly
guararnevd lo the comirrttul ir.icrtnf
and ftt anafl.daJina nnht oduce Cva.
arqoerCcS the mod difaSrout .
.Torrfa this commerce in the rrtfent
S.te of the word, uoulj mj ta if.1
tode'Und 1 this oauwo ticr-d. thrre
fir)
.n
it 1