H. A. LONDON, Jr., EDITOR AM l'UOrKIETOR. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: OiuTi'i y, one yreir, ---.. o.00 One copy, six nioiitliK . - . j.gQ Ouaciipy, Unvt) mouth-, Molly at the Gate. I left Molly Owin tins mornia' behind me, Leania' over the gate there to kiss me good bye ; She's the loveliest lass around old Killarney, And my heart is bo heavy I'm ready to die. I think of her face now, as fair as a daisy, Of her beautiful hair and her pretty bare feet; And och I I'm afraid they'll be thinkin' me crazy, The fiiends that I pass and the strangers I greet. Now, don't you be mockin' mv grief wid your folly, Aud tryin' to till up my heart wid good cheer ; Sure there's no one can half take the place of my Molly, And I'm alone always unless she is near. I'm watchia' the wild birds, and wonder no longer That none builds a nest without help of its mate ; Ah ! its only half life I live while I wander, And I'm going right back to my girl at the gate. THE MINISTER'S WIFE. "No good'll ever come of it, now, mind what I tell you ! The idea of a sober, respectable man of forty marry ing a chit of a girl like that! But it pears to me that the longer I live the more convinced I am that men are awful fools when it comes to love. "Whenever they git 'struck,' as my nephew calls it, it just 'pears to knock all the sense out of 'em that they ever did have." And Mrs. Hezekiah Winters settled her spectacles firmly on her nose, as though she meant they should always stay there, and then: jammed her needle energeti cally through her sewing. You see Mrs. Hezekiah Winters was a prominent member of the sewing so ciety at L , and was generally first spokeswoman everywhere. "I agree with you entirely," said Mrs. Anthony Evans, a meek-faced woman who seldom had an opinion of her own, but always agreed with somebody. "And he being a minister of the gos pel, too," put in Miss Sophrona Dobbs. "I don't know what the wrld is com ing to, I am sure," said Mrs. Eben Kick field ; and there was a general sigh of dissatisfaction from all the members of the sewing society. "I know that the duty of every mem ber of this society is to convice that in experienced child of her duty as a min ister's wife ; and I am morally sure that something dreadful will happen to those children of his afore six months. To think of the way she has started out already got a new croquet set 1" And Miss Arimintha Wright tossed this re mark like a bombshell in their midst. The ladies dropped the precious gar ments intended for the heathen amid such ejaculations as "dreadful !" "Atro cious !" "What could he expect of her?" "Did you ever?" And again old Mrs. Richfield tried to imagine what the world was coming to. "Now I don't think it looks very well to see the whole society swoop down on one little person like Imogene," inter rupted Mrs. Arthur Wilton, who had not been a member of the sewing circle very long. "We had better wait until she is here to defend herself," said Mrs. Henry Parsons, a meek second to Mrs. Wilton. "I see plainly, Mrs. Wilton, that you and Mrs. Parsons are taken by her silly, childish ways. But I formed my opinion of her that Sunday when she laughed right out in meeting just because a lit tle poodle dog barked at the choir." This awful evidence of the total de pravity of the minister's new wife was revealed by Mrs. Hezikiah Winters. "Almost everybody laughed at that," responded Mrs. Parsons. "Anything seems so much funnier if you hadn't ought to laugh." "And just to think of what she said to me," said the owner of the afore mentioned poodle. "Why, when I sent and asked her to join our society she f aid she had two little heathens at home to sew for, and that they took the most of her time ; but if we wanted to sew for the neglected children the shadow of our own church spires, ) sue wouia spare time to help us. Just as if we wanted the lower strata in our church!" And Miss Sophrona Dobbs sniffed the air disdainfully. "Now this is enough for one time," interrupted Mrs. Wilton. "Would that ministers could have two wives, so we might divide the blame." The ladies looked bewildered, and some of them laughed a little; then they launched into a discussion on the coming picnic. It was to be the regulation kind of a picnic for the ladies and children only, and they were to have such a nice time, with ham sandwiches, pressed chicken, and lemonade made on the grounds, and bugs and mosquitoes ad infinitum. When the day of the picnic arrived, Mrs. Merton, the much talked of minis' ter's wife, went. People had said that they "didn't reckon Mrs. Merton would go, as the church was at the bottom of it," and when they saw her there they said it was "just like a frivolous thing like her to go to every picnic." Nevertheless, church people at L ere like church people everywhere; VOL. IV. they said a good deal that they didn't mean, and with a few exceptions, blue oyed, fair-faced Mrs. Merton was verv cordially treated, and her friends, when she made them, were very true to her, and always defended her when she ran the gauntlet of society's tongue. The picnic seemed a success gener ally; everybody was having "such a splendid time ;" and the mosquitoes had voted picnics a beautiful invention, and were singing anthems of praise at the prospect of a "good square meal," when suddenly their was a splash and suffo cating cries, and two little forms dis appeared under the gliding surface of the stream that wound like a huge ser pent through the woods. There were shrill screams of genuine terror, and white faces stared at the rush of waters in an agnoy as the awful peril of the children seemed to paralyze them. Mrs. Evans, whose little, dark haired boy had loosened the canoe from its fastening to take Vinnie Merton for a ride had, while rocking it, rocked too far and tipped it over ; and now, while her boy was almost drowning, was lying in a helpless heap on the bank of the river. Some were beginning to recover their self-possession and were calling for ropes, when Mrs. Merlon, stepping out of -her slippers, poised herself a moment on the bank ; then the slender figure, clad in a wonderful array of Swiss muslin and pah blue ribbons, dropped like an arrow into the water, and struck out with the move of an ex pert to where little Elmer Evan was battling with the current, and holding him so that his head was above water, swam easily to shore, where many hands lifted him to the bank ; and then, swim ming back to her rebellious little step daughter, she carried her, half suffo cated with waves, back to terra firma. Vinnie, by general advice from with out, had managed to keep an almost continual warfare at home, although she was naturally a generous-hearted child; and when she had recovered from her fright, and made sure she had not swallowed all the water in the river, she looked gravely at her stepmother's soiled garments and said, slowly, "If you don't care, Mrs. Merton, Til call you mamma, now." After that day Mrs. Merton had many friends; for you can always reach a mother's heart through her children, and every woman seems a mother to any child in the hour of danger. "She was brave and self-possessed, and she saved my Elmer, and I don't mean to ever say another word against her if she never goes with the church." That was what Mrs. Evans said at the next meeting, and as she seldom ex pressed an opinion for herself, the la dies for the most part agreed with her, except Mrs. Hezekiah Winters, who said, "Well, I dunno ; she maybe all right, but a woman that could entrap a man of forty, and he a minister, kind of looks to me as though she was a flirt." And Miss Sophrona Dobbs nodded her false frizzes emphatically as she said, "I agree with you, Mrs. Winters. We musn't all be taken in by one good act." Well, to tell the truth, folks did, gen erally speaking, keep an eye on her; but everything seemed satisfactory. She did nothing that scandalized their ideas of propriety, and they had almost made up their minds that with proper advice she might do for a minister's wife after all. But the town of L was visited one day by a traveling theatrical troupe, and everybody was going who wasn't a pil lar in the church, and "wouldn't en courage no such institution of Satan." Mrs. Winters was especially bitter against them. The theater, a long time ago, had led her one son from his home, and the only sweet, sacred spot in Mrs. Winter's hard, religious life was her love for her boy, her baby, as she called him, although he was almost a man when he went sway. The day the troop arrived Mrs. Win ters was at home alone, and the faint sound of distant music was arousing to utterance the grief she had kept buried so long. "I'll just go to the sewing circle and forget my sorrow by listening to some thing or other." And away trudged Mrs. Winters to Mrs. Richfield's, whose turn it was to entertain the society. Everybody was busy and gossipy, and Mrs. Winters was listening to the re port of the bad behavior of the girl of the period when Miss Aiimintha White came bustling in. "Law me! ladies have you heard?" and without waiting for an answer, she continued, "Oh, the dreadful, awful actions of Imogene Merton! Sarah Halcomb, that lives next door, seen it with her own eyes, and she told me all about it. And poor, dear Mr. Merton away on church business !" "What is it?" "Do tell?" "Goon, Ariminthar, and explain," were the words from all sides. "Well, lo begin with, my feelings is awfully riled up ; but yon all know that them theater fellarsc meto-day. Well, one of 'em I know he was one because M sT III ! PITTSBOllO', CHATHAM CO., N. C, SEPTEMBER 15, 1881. he got off the train with them come to Mrs. Merton's to-day, and she was a settin' in that room of hei3 with them windows that swings out ; and he, in stead of going to the front door or ringing the bell like a man, why, when he saw her a-sittin' in that room, with her back to the window, he just slipped up sly and sneakin'-like and stepped in through the window, and then jumped clear across the room, and such huggin' an' kissin was never seen in aminfster s house afore ! Now, ladies, I know this is so, 'cause Sarah Halcomb told it for a solemn truth, and that ain't the worst of it. ' After he had stayed an hour or so he went to the hotel and got another fellar, and them two walked straight to the minister's house, and she opened the door, fixed up fit to kill. Now J say it's the duty of every member of this society to look into this matter. The minister is gone, and we have got the respectability of the church to sus tain. We should go immediately and hear what that dreadful creature has to say for herself." "Law me f Who'd have thought it ?" "The most scandalous thing I ever heerd!" "Maybe there is some mistake," put in Mrs. Evans, wh: hadn't forgotten the brave swimmer the day of the pic nic. It was a solemn-visaged group that filed into the minister's sitting-room. Mrs. Hezekiah was to be chief spokes woman, as she generally was on all church occasions. Mrs. Merton greeted them, her face all smiles. 'I had just sent for you, Mrs. Winters ; I have such a pleasant surprise for you !" and she actually kissed the old lady's withered cheek, while Miss Sophrona Dobbs muttered " Judas !" under her breath. "Just come right in here, while I talk to the ladies." And Mrs. Winters followed, her withered face white with indignation. Suddenly there was a strange, glad cry from the wrathy lady, and in answer to the words, "Eddie, my boy!" some one said "Mother!" ind then Mrs. Mer ton went back to explain matters to the astonished ladies. "My brother came to-day, and in his traveling he came by chance upon.JId gar Winters. Edgar is traveling with the theater troupe that is here, and they being friends, Luke brought Edgar here, and I sent for Mrs. Winters ; but she came before my note reached her." The ladies now began to feel ashamed, but they were generous. Miss Aramin tha said : "If I'm the bearer of scandal again it shan't be about you, Mrs. Merton." All hardness seemed melted out of Mrs. Winters' nature as she returned to the sitting-room. "I want you to forgive me if you can, Mrs. Merton. I came here to-day to denounce you, and on circumstantial evidence only; but I'll be your friend in the future, remember that." The ladies by turns apologized for having troubled her so much. "Oh, I'm getting used to be a minis ter's wife, and I don't mind such things, you know." Perhaps this last remark was ungra cious ; but it was true to her, and there after one minister's wife was not made the subject of ill-natured gossips. Wacerly Magazine. American Progress. The lower strata of the population of our country, says Charles A. Speer, is composed almost entirely of a heteroge neous mass of emigrants, who hail from almost every country under the sun. Irish, Germans, Swedes, Norwegians and Poles compose almost the whole of our laboring classes. This fact is in itself significant of the elevation of the masses of native born Americans. A prominent manager in one of our largest Western iron mills informs me that on his laborers' pay roll there is not a sin gle native born American, while his whole quota of civil engineers, machi nists, mechanics, blacksmiths, and al most all positions where skill and in telligence are required, are filled by Americans. "In fact," says he, I always engage an American before a person of any other nationality, because I find them natu rally more rapid, skillful and aocureat in all branches where brain work com bined with mechanical ingenuity is re quired. I consider them faster work men than either the English or Ger mans." The gentleman was himself an Eng lishman, born and raised among Eng lish workingmen, and a man of wide experience among workmen of all classes and nationalities. Should we not be proud of this evidence of growth and advancement among our countrymen ? Hardly a man among them who has not intelligence enough to elevate him above the level of animals and mere brute forces, and enables him to live and go on advancing by tha aid of that mind which God has given us to rule over such forces. Barely a century's growth has sufficed to place us head and should ers above all other nations in that pop ular intelligence which gives evidence of a rapidly advancing civilization. . V Ay 5 vv FASHION SPRITS. Watered silk parasols are the newest of the new. Colored pearl jewelry is fashionable for full dress. Venetian lace is worn as trimming upon bright-colored Surahs. - The latest breastpins have the initials or monograms in script. Sashes are tied around the waist with an immense bow behind. Jet trimmings are so fashionable that the supply will not meet the demand. Gloves are worn over the tight sleeves and bracelets and bangles over the gloves. White costumes are not worn in the streets, except in the country or at the sea-side. Among the latest vagaries of Parisian women are velvet ear-rings of the same color as the dress. Another novelty has been added to Saratoga toilets parasols of velvetem broidered with golden bees. A very stylish way to trim a navy-blue flannel is with graduated bands of striped gros-grain ribbon. The wardrobe of a woman who adopts the aesthetic style of dressing is more valuable the older it grows. Silk fans have each division cut in the shape of a feather and embroidered at the top to represent a flower. Note paper and calling cards are or namented with ugly scorpions, reptiles and quadrupeds in the glossary of zool ogy. Pompeiian red is to be the new color for autumn dress. It is a little worse than garnet, and that was bad enough. It is the height of elegance to have the gloves somewhat dark, even with light dresses, medium tan being the favorite shade. Silver bracelets are much worn. They are cut in delicate designs, hung with numerous pendants and fit the wrist loosely. Stylish sunshades have "Aryma" handles of woven grass or reed exactly like the fine weaving which covers the exterior of Saqui cups. A clever china decorator of New YdL will soon - exhibit a dainty chocolate service which will employ the shape and color of the pink morning glory. Hats in the shape of an upset basket, full of flowers, tightened over the ears with a wide ribbon, are pretty and unique for completing toilets of wash materials. Some of the new long gloves have slits cut in them, either at the top or half way up, into which colored ribbon or broad gold braid about an inch in width is inserted. Watered silk and ribbons will be largely used the coming season as trim mings on velvet and satin dresses, man tles, cashmere dresses and other woolen materials. Long shawls superbly embroidered accompany all hand-worked dresses, and are carried on the arm for use in cool evenings at the seashore, or tied with bunchy ends at the back. Ihe Llama. The South American llama will bear neither beating nor ill treatment. The animals go in troops, an Indian walking a long distance ahead as a guide. If the llamas are tired, they stop, and the Indian stops also. If the delay be too great, the Indian, becoming uneasy to ward sunset, after all due precaution, resolves on supplicating the beasts to resume their journey. He stands about fifty or sixty paces off, in an attitude of humility, waving his hand coaxingly toward them, looks at them with tender ness, and at the same time, in the soft est tones, reiterates, "Ic, ic, ic !" If the llamas are disposed to resume their course, they follow the Indian in good order and at a regular pace, but very fast, for their legs are very long ; but when they are in ill-humor, they do not even turn toward the speaker but re main motionless, huddled together, standing or lying down. The straight neck and its gentle majesty of bearing, the long down of their always clean and glossy skin, their supple and timid mo tion, all give them an air at once sensi tive and noble. The llama is the only creature employed by man which he dares not strike. If it happens which is very seldom the case - that an Indian wishes to obtain! either by iorceor even by threats what the llama will not will ingly perform, the instant the animal finds itself affronted by words or ges ture, he raises his head with dignity, and without making any attempt to es cape ill-treatment by flight, lies down, turning his looks toward heaven. Large tears flow freely from his beautiful eyes, sighs issue from his breast, and in half or three-quarters of an hour at most he expires. The respect shown these ani mals by Peruvian Indians amounts ab solutely to superstitious reverence. When the Indians lead them, two ap proach and caress the animal, hiding his head that he may not see the load on his back. It is the same in unload ing. The Indians of the Cordilleras alone have sufficient patience and gen tleness to manage the llama. AyAyA MANY MILLIONAIRES. Men Who Have More Money Than They Know What to do With. The wealthiest individual who dab bles in Wall street of course is William H. Vanderbilt. He did not appear as a heavy operator until after the death of his father, the late Commodore Van derbilt, who left his favored son $65, 000,000. Since that time he has added to his vast capital by judicious invest ments until now he is credited with be ing worth $120,000,000. This is divided up in real estate, United States four per cent, bonds, Lake Shore, New York Central, Cacada Southern, Michigan Central, Chicago and Northwestern stock. He is the heaviest individual holder of government securities in the world, his daily interest account from this source alone amounting to nearly $2,700. Jay Gould ranks next to Van derbilt, his wealth being estimated at $75,000,000, which, with the exception of $5000,00 in real estate, is all invested in railroad and telegraph securities. The honor of being the third largest possessor of wealth on Wall street is divided between several gentlemen who touch their holdings by the millions, and who are variously estimated to be worth from $4,000,000 to $10,000,000. Among these are James R. Keene, D. O. Mills and Thomas Maitland. When Mr. Eeene made his debut in Wall street, a few years ago, he was credited with transferring from San Francisco to Wall street $10,000,000. Since then he has met many severe reverses, but had added to his store in other directions, and it is safe to say that he is worth at least $6,000,000 to-day. Mr. Maitland is believed to be possessed of $8,000,000. A good story is told by him, showing the caution he exercises in making in vestments. As well as his total indiffer ence to adding to his vast wealth. Re cently he was invited to take the initia tive in improving the Long Island Railroad property. It was shown clearly to him that by building the new bridge from upper New York across Blackwell'b Island to Long Island, and a judicious change in the time tables and running arrangements, the investment of $3,000,- 000 would make a handsome return Mr. Maitland examined the details ol the project closely, regarded it with favor, felt convinced of its assumed success, when he turned toward hi friend and said : "I am getting along well in years and want to avoid all the annoyance possible." "But this will add greatly to youj possessions," pressed his friend. "I have all the money that I want, sir," was the response. "I have troabh enough witli that and I desire no more. I have no one leae it to, and any addi tional treasures would add to my in conveniences, I am fully content with what I have, and I shall enter into nc more speculations." The Selignians also count their gain by the millions, so divided up between the brothers as to leave at least $2,000,- 000 to each. August Belmont is anothei of the millionaires. He continues tc manage the affairs in this city of the famous English banking firm of N. M. Rothschild & Sons, and is put down a worth at least $2,000,0001 George I Seney, President of the Metropolitan Bank, is another man whose wealth it unknown, but who is believed to be worth between three and five millions Cyrus W. Field has been very successful in his speculations, his cable, Wabash and elevated railway stocks and bondi- having netted him a handsome profit, Mr. Field is set down as worth about $2,500,000. Wall street is full of business men whose wealth varies from $500,000 to $1,000,000, most of whom live sumptu ously and enjoy life to its fullest extent, but who are daily toiling for more and more gains. H. Victor Newcomb, Presi dent of the United States National Bank, and formerly President of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Com pany, is said to be worth $3,000,000. His successor in the Presidency of the Louisville and Nashville road, Mr. C. C. Baldwin, is estimated at between $2, 000,000 and $3,000,000. H. C. Fahne stock, Vice-President of the First Na tional Bank, suffered a heavy reverse when the firm of Jay Cooke & Co., of which he was a member, failed. Mr. Fahnestock having met all his liabili ties, is ranked as worth $1,000,000 Among other millionaires are ex-Surrogate Jenkins Van Schaick, F. B.Wallace, D. B. Hatch, Henry Clews, J. D. Ver milye, Henry D. Willard and Moses Taylor. Ne York Sun. Pleas Harper, one of the most suc cessful colored planters in Georgia, has just bought 2,100 acres of land in Ogle thorpe county for $32,000. He does not confine himself to cotton, but grows of other crops enough to run his place, so that the cotton is all clear profit. Americans are said to have spent over $8,000,000 in France last year for works of art, engravings and books. Five hundred young Englishmen, nearly all unmarried, have settled near La Mars, la. NO. 1. POPULAR SCIENCE. Nature reports a remarkable discovers by Mr. Alexander Adams, of the British Postoffice Telegraph Department : "It is tne existence of electric tides in tele graphic circuits. By long-continued and careful observations he has deter mined distinct variations of strength in those earth currents, which are invari ably present on all telegraphic wires, fol lowing the different diurnal positions of the moon with respect to the earth." A fuller and more satisfactory exposition of the matter was to be given by the autnor. Some time since the use of sawdust in mortar was recommended as superior even to hair for the prevention of crack ing and subsequent peeling off of rough casing under the action of storms and frost. Some one by the name of Siehr says that his own house, exposed to pro longed j storms on the seacoast, had pieces of mortar to be renewed each spring ; and after trying without effect a number of substances to prevent it, he found sawdust perfectly satisfactory. It was first thoroughly dried and sifted through an ordinary grain sieve to re move the larger particles. The mortar was made by mixing one part of cement, two of lime, two of sawdust and five of sharp sand, the sawdust being first well mixed dry with the cement and sand. An official publication of the German postoffice contains a report on the dis turbances in telegraphic communication caused last August by a display of the aurora borealis. It is well known that both storms and the aurora borealis dis turb the electric currents passing over telegraphic cables, but recent experience seems to prove that the disturbing in fluences of storms chiefly affects short lines, while the longer lines are more liable to be affected by the northern lights. There was a strong disturbance of the latter kind from the 11th to the 14th of August, 1880. It seems to have manifested itself throughout the greater portion of the northern section of the eastern hemisphere, sending off, how ever, a southerly stream in the direction of Mozambique, which reached to Natal It does not appear that the western con tinent was affected. The general f ea tures of the disturbance consisted in manifestations of the presence of strange currents ("eartii currents," as they are called) of fluctuating intensity, the duration and fluctuations varying in different localities and the direction of recurrents changing frequently. Wolves and Wild Horses. It is said that whenever several of the larger wolves associate together, for mischief, in the German forests and their neighborhood, there is always a numerous train of smaller ones to fol low in the rear, and act as auxiliaries in the work of destruction. Two large wolves are sufficient to destroy the most powerful horse, and seldom more than two ever begin the assault, although there may be a score in the gang. It is ao less curious than amusing to witness chis ingenious mode of attack. If there is no snow, or but little on the ground, two wolves approach in the most play ful and caressing manner, lying, rolling and frisking about, until the too credu lous and unsuspecting victim is com pletely put off his guard by curiosity and familiarity. During this time the gang, squatted on their hind-quarters, look on at a distance. After some time spent in this way, the two assailants separate, when one approaches the horse's head, and the other his tail, with a shyness and cunning peculiar to them selves. At this stage of attack their frolicsome approaches become very in teresting it is right good earnest ; the former is a mere decoy, the latter is the real assailant, and keeps his eye stead ily fixed on the ham-string or flank of the horse. The critical moment is then watched, and the attack is simultane ous ; both wolves spring at their victim at the same moment one to the throat, the other to the flank and, if success ful, which they generally are, the hind one never lets go his hold till the horse is completely disabled. Instead of springing forward or kicking to disen gage himself, the horse turns round and round without attempting a defence. The wolf before th-n springs behind to assist the other. The sinews are cut, and in half the ttime I have been de scribing it the horse is on his side ; his struggles are fruitless the victory is won. At this signal ,the lookers-on close in in a gallop ; but the small fry of followers keep at a respectful distance until their superiors are gorged, and then they take their turn unmolested. There is great excitement at Long Branch over the death of Mrs. Kate Griggs, the wife of C. R. Griggs, the contractor and lessee of the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad, from blood poisoning, alleged to have been caused by using an anti-fat medicine. Shj con fessed to have taken eighteen bottles of the anti fat medicine in ten months. Stout John Hancock's chair, the one in which he sat when he signed his name to the Declaration of Independ ence, now stands in St. Paul's Church at Norfolk, Va. fB (fham Jutted. BATES or ADVERTISING. One square, one Insertion, One square, two Insertions, One square, one month, fl.00 1.50 3.60 For larger advertisements liberal contracts will ITEMS OP INTEREST. The bronze balconies alone in-Wm. H. Vanderbilfs house will cost $60,000. The dealh rate of Paris 10 e fifty per cent, this summer on account of the heat. Samuel Ward says it is genteel to eat game of the small kind 'with your fin gers. The Boston Journal believes the Vice President should be made a cabinet officer, in older to give him something to do. A St. Louis belle is said to have won $1,100 recently at the Saratoga races. She will probably buy a pair of shoes with the money. Chicago claims to furnish better ac commodations in her station houses than Long Branch does in her hotels. Re sult : All her station houses are full of lodgers. Dan Rice has been divorced from his first wife, and now the second is apply ing for a similar document. This goes to show that a man may be able to train a horse and yet not know how to man age a woman who is old enough to use hair pins. Ben. Blanton, an ex-sheriff of Cook county, Texas, and a very desperate man, met James Todd, who had been a witness agains him in a lawsuit, and abused and insulted him in a shameful manner. They separated, each vowing to meet the other for a final settlement. They met, and both drew their weapons and fired. Todd was shot through the heart and in the breast, and the top of Blanton's head was blown off. Both men were lying dead when discovered. Men aud Animals. Within certain limits the lower ani mals are much more skillful in supply ing their wants than men. Insects, birds, fishes, reptiles, mammals one re wily does not know which department of the natural world exhibits the most skill in supplying its wants. Let me instance the case of trap-door spiders. I refer to their doings, because they are less familiar than those of ants and bees and other creatures which I might mention. The trap-door spider lives in a burrow which he makes in the ground where the grass grows, generally in a sloping bank ; he covers the entrance to his burrow with a trap-door, which works upon a hinge, and which so nearly resembles the surrounding grass that only a careful observer can detect it. This, however, is not all : if an enemy finds the door and opens it, and enters the spider's castle, he may very easily fancy that there is no one at home, for in the sides of the burrow, which is lined with a soft silky substance, there are other trap-doors communicating with branches of the burrow, and cov-r ering these branches so craftily that they may be easily passed by unnoticed. Nay, if the enemy should be clever, enough to find his way into one of these branches, he may still find no one at home, the owner of this castle being perhaps in a branch of this branch of the burrow, concealed by another skill ful trap-door. Architecture of this kind shuts the mouth of any one who would say that the inferior members of creation do not know how to adapt means to ends. Nor can it be said that the power of adaptation does not go to some extent beyond the wonders of in stinct. The old story of the bees who destroyed an intruding mouse with their stings, and then covered it over with wax because they could not get rid of the body and feared the results of its continuance in the hive, is only one of a number which go to prove that in the lower world of living things there is unquestionably a power of adaptation tc unforseen circumstances, a reasoning out of results and acting accordingly, which cannot possibly be set down to the credit of instinct properly so called. But the important point to be observed is this, the infinite superiority of the animal's operations when it does not reason and the infinite inferiority of its operations to those of man when it does. It has been said that a bird will carry an oyster into the air and let it drop upon a rock in order to break the shell and get at the treasure within ; a simple operation this, and yet we stand well nigh aghast at the birds prodigious su periority above all that we had expect ed, and we doubt whether such a won derful feat can be positively substantia ted. I will not say that there may not be in insects, birds and mammals the germ of that faculty which invented the steam engine ; but certainly it seems almost impossible to contain in one description or definition two facul ties so diverse in the importance of their results. Adaptation of means to ends is not in the case of man something sub sidiary to instinct, and exhibiting itself now and then in exceptional circum stances, but it is the very law of his be ing. The merest savage contrives ma chines to catch his prey ; he makes his stone implements till he sees his way to bronze and iron ; he constructs his boat, or floats on his log of timber ; he may be and doubtless is rude and elementa ry, but he is the genuine ancestor of James Watt and George Stephenson. The Bishop qf Carlisle. "

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