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Th (Chatham tfrnl II. A. LONDON, Editor. WEDNESDAY, JULY 19, 1911. BATTLE OF MANASSAS. Next Friday, the 21st, is the fiftieth anniversary of the battle of Manassas, as it was called by the Confederates, or of Bull Run as it was called by the Federals, and just here we will call atten tion to the fact, not very gener ally known, that the Confeder ates generally called the battle field by the name of the nearest town and the Federals called them by the name of the nearest stream. For instance, Sharps--burg or Antietam, Murf reesboro or Stone River. This battle was the first important battle of the war, and was fought by raw re cruits chiefly who had never be fore been in a battle. In the North ern army were a few regiments of regulars, well drilled and dis ciplined before the war began, but the great bulk of that army an all of the Confederates were volunteers. A large part, and the best part, of the Federal army, as stated by its command er (Gen. Irvin McDowell) in his official report, were three months' volunteers whose term of service was about expiring. In this con nection we will add that Gen. McDowell in the same report also stated that "On the eve of the battle the Fourth Pennsylvania "Regiment of Volunteers and the battery of Volunteer Artillery of the Eighth New York Militia, whose term of service expired, insisted on their discharge." Gen. McDowell ays: "I wrote to the regiment as pressing a re quest as I could pen, and the Honorable Secretary of War, who was at the time on the ground, tried to induce the bat tery to remain at least five days, but in vain. They insisted on their discharge that night. It was granted; and the next morn ing, when the army moved for ward into battle, these troops moved to the rear to the sound of the enemy's cannon.' ' This does not speak well for the pa triotism or courage of those vol unteers, and is in striking con trast to the action of the Con federate soldiers who promptly re-enlisted when their terms expired- The Federal troops had been drilling near Washington for sev eral weeks and there was quite a demand on the part of the Nor thern papers and people for them to move forward and advance to the capture of Richmond. So in sistent and persistent was this demand of "On to Richmond" that the expression became household words both North and South. The general idea was that all those untried soldirs had to do was to march right on to Rich mond and capture it without any difficulty. Many Southern peo ple in like manner thought that all the Confederates had to do was to march to Washington and capture that city without any op position. Both sides found out later their mistake by most pain ful experience. Finally the Fed-' eral commander in obedience to the popular clamor and demand determined to begin his forward movement, and on the afternoon of the 16th of July his army left the camps near Washington and on the, 19th a part of it had a skirmish at a stream called Bull Run with the advance of the Confederates. This skirmish caused a delay to the Federal army that was fatal, for at once a portion of Gen. Joseph E. John ston's army of the Shenandoah was hurried to re-inforce Gen. Beauregard's army that was sta tioned near Manassas Junction. That place was a railroad sta tion about 30 miles southwest of Washington at the junction of the Manassas Gap railroad and the Orange & Alexandria Rail road, and was about 100 miles north of Richmond. It was a stragetic point that had bsen se lected by the Confederates for opposing the Federal advance. Before daydawn on the 21st of July, 1861, the Federal army was in motion, and by sunrise can nonading began. The Confeder ates had taken position on the south side of Bull Run, which could be crossed at only a few places and their line extended over four miles in length. Of course the Confederates could not at first know at what point the attack would be made on them,- and they tried to be pre pared to meet the enemy at any point. At first the Federals pre tended that they were going to make their main attack on our right and moved large 'bodies of ; troops there, who made vigorous assaults,, but while this was go- ( ing on they moved a still larger ' body of troops some distance around our left flank, where they made their chief attack. This was anticipated by Generals . Johnston and Beauregard, who- had placed near there a brigade under Gen. N. G. Evans, and the battle began in earnest, and al though Gen. Bee's brigade soon came to the rescue ana a most determined resistance was made j to the advancing Federals in j greatly superior numbers, yet af- j ter severe fighting and heavy losses the Confederates were forced to retreat- While retreat ing they were met by Gen T. J. Jackson and his brigade and were rallied and renewed the battle. It was there that Jack son acquired his famous name of "Stonewall." As Gen. Bee was trying to rally his men, he point ed to Jackson and his brigade, exclaiming, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Let us determine to die here, and we will conquer." Sad to add that in a few minutes the gallant Bee fell mortally wounded. Up to 3 o'clock in the after noon the Confederates were los ing ground and their defeat seemed certain, but Gen. Kirby Smith with his brigade from the Army of the Shenandoah arrived just in time and with other rein forcements the Confederates made a general forward move ment and in a short time drove the Federals in rout from the battlefield. After the rout be gan the Federal army, or the greater part of it, became a de moralized mob without organiza tion and utterly panic-stricken. In their flight the Federals threw away all encumbrances, knap sacks, accoutrements, guns and superfluous clothing. No such rout occurred in any other battle of the war. Among the priso ners captured was Congressman Ely, who with many others from Washington had ridden out to see the Federals whip the detested "rebels," and could not escape in the general stam pede. Thi3 glorious victory carried joy to the South and many thought it would end the war. It inspired our people with the con fident hope of our independence being speedily acknowledged and great was the rejoicing. Many papers severely censured Generals Johnston and Beauregard and President Davis because our army was not rushed on to Wash ington and capture that city. This was, however, impossible. As stated by Gen. Beauregard in his official report, "An army which had fought as ours on that day, against uncommon odds, under a July sun, most of the time without water and without food except a hastily snatched scanty meal at dawn, was not in condition for the toil of an eager, effective pursuit of an enemy immediately after the battle. On the following day an unusual heavy and unintermitting fall of rain intervened to obstruct our advance with reasonable pros pects of fruitful results." In this connection it is proper to quote what General Johnston said on this subject, as follows: "The apparent firmness of the U. S. troops at Centreville, who had not been engaged, which checked our pursuit; the strong forces occupying the works near Georgetown, Arlington and Al exandria; the certainty, too, that General Patterson, if needed, would reach Washington with his army of thirty thousand men sooner than we could, and the condition and inadequate means of the army in ammunition, pro visions and transportation pre vented any serious thoughts of advancing against the capital. It is certain that the fresh troops within the works were in num ber quite sufficient for their de fense. If not, General Patter son's army would certainly re inforce them soon enough. " The Federal general reported a loss of 481 killed and 1,011 wounded and General Johnston reported a loss of 378 killed and 1,4S9 wounded. He also report ed the capture of 28 pieces of ar tillery, about 5,000 muskets, nearly 500,000 cartridges, a gar rison flag and ten colors, besides 64 artillery- horses- with - their harness, 26 wagons and much camp equipage, clothing and other property abandoned by the Federals in their flight. In this battle the Sixth North Carolina regiment rendered con spicuous service. When it ar rived on the battlefield, after a forced march, the Confederates were retreating, but this regi ment with other re-enforcements at once turned the tide of battle, but at a heavy loss. The gallant colonel of the regiment (Charles F. Fisher) was shot dead when leading his men into action, and among others killed was Lieuten ant Mangum, a son of ex-Senator Mangum. So complete was the Federal defeat that no further advance on Richmond was attempted that year, and next Spring the Fed eral army was moved to the Yorktown peninsula (with Fort Monroe as its base) and unsuc cessfully attempted the capture of Richmond from that direction. A reunion of some of the surviv ors of the battle of Manassas will be held on the old battle field next Friday, that day being the fiftieth anniversary of the battle, and meet former foes with friendly greetings. The Census Bureau at Wash ington has just issued some in teresting statistics about the movement of the white and col ored population to the cities in the nine cotton States of Ala bama, Arkansas, Florida, Geor gia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee. These statistics show that 18.9 per cent of the white population of those States lived in urban areas in 1910 and 14.1 per cent in 1900. Of the total negro pop ulation of the same States 17.7 per cent lived in urban areas in 1910 and 14.7 per cent in 1900. It appears from these figures that the changes in both white and colored have been about the same, and both show a decided movement from the country to the city. The question naturally arises, and is well worthy of most seri ous consideration, is such a move ment best for the whole country? Such a movement shows that the cities have more attractions than the country, and therefore it is well worth the most earnest ef forts of our best informed men to devise and suggest means and methods for making the country life more attractive. A novel contest is now being carried on in Raleigh and it is one that every city and town might do well to imitate. The Raleigh Health League is offer ing $100 in prizes to any girl or boy in Raleigh township, under 18 years of age, for the largest number of drv, dead flies brought in between the 17th of July and the 7th of August. The flies may be caught anywhere in Ral eigh township and must be brought in closed boxes or bags It would be impossible to count all the flies brought in, and so they will be measured by the gill, pint, quart, &c. If such a contest could be had in every community such a war fare would be waged on the deadly house-fly that they would be almost exterminated and much sickness averted. Big Fire at Jonesboro. Special to the Charlotte Observer. Sanfora, July 16. The entire business block on the eaat side of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway between Main and Trade streets in the town of Jonesboro, except one brick building, was consumed by fire at 3 o clock this morning with two other buildings on the opposite side of Trade street. The loss is as follows: Mrs b. H. Buchanan, building occupied by B. F. Godfrev, postoffice, $2,- 50O; Dr. E. P. - Snipes drug stcre building and contents,$3,000: Har ris building, occupied as cafe, W. G. Murchison, $1,000; S. H. Buch anan estate building, occupied by J. D. Register as furniture store, $2,000, stock $500; W. G. & It. A. Watson, frame hardware store, $3,500. The brick buildinsr ad joining was not damaged. Build ing and Improvement Company building, occupied by C. F. Mal loy, building, $500, stock, except $200, saved; Bank of JoDsboro damage small: L. Al. Foisl.ee building, occupied as restaurant $500. There was no insuratiee except $500 bv Dr. Snipes, and $1,100 by W. G. and It. A. Watson. The fire was first discovered in Buchanan & Harris buildius" and is believed to have been inoendi- arv. The town tank which was just completed and filled yester day, was emptied before the fire broke out. Eire hose and equip ment had been purchased, but had not been received, and but for the Sanfotd fire department g nng to the rescue the entire basiuess ior tion of town might have been destroyed. Wadesboro Messenger: About onej year ago a 7-vear-old colored girl, whose parents live - near -McFrlan, swallowed an enameled picture about ( the size of. a silver quarter, 1 he child had difficulty in swallowing for (sev eral days. This soon passed ott, but she commenced to fall off almost i m- mediately. Finally her parents thought she was going into consump tion and brought her to Wadesboro to see Drs. Ross and J. M. Covington,Jr. Yesterday Dr. Covington inserted a rubber tube in the child's throat and ocated the picture,' ,fi ually dislodging and removing it from the throat. DlMOM tM Ahevl!le, N. C, has pieparrd BOYS for Cllsre and for Chris. DlNisaraPilVl, ti. , citizVnsiiiplnr 118 vrs, nrl ALON E in the U. S., oilers a PXEE ROUND Tr ? TiCKET from ativvhcre v ithin I5CO nU s to any parent who, on in. 4Trt"ot convinced thst its pairs of Oft RTORY brick rooms s-parated r-V h parapet F1RF WALL nre ft ST for Henlth, Snnitntion. VcntSUHnn mid safety nsrainst TIRE. 1793 Send for CrflaloKue or coine and see. COL. R. E1NGHAM, Supt., R. F. D. No. U 1912 Elon College. We note that ample provisions are being made! for a good ath letic season next year at Elon College, advertisement of which occurs elsewhere in this paper. The authorities have not yet an nounced the name of the new director of athletics. This man will not only have charge of the baseball team and its coaching, but will also have general over sight over tennis, basketball and track exercises. Mr. W. H. Fleming, of Burlington, N. C, who is the manager of the base ball team for next year, is get ting together a strong aggrega tion of players and is arranging a very satisfactory schedule. The physical exercise of the young ladies of this institution is under the oi recti on of the teacher of expression. We will thank our readers in writing for catalogue or other information, to mention this paper. For summer diarrhoea in children al ways give Chamberlain's Colic, Chol era and Diarrhoea Remedy and castor oil, and a speedy cure is certain. For Bale by all dealers. Escaped With His Life. "Twentv-one years ago I faced an awful death," writes H. B. Martin, Port Harrelson, S. C. "Doctors said had consumption and the dreadful cough I had looked like it.sure enough. I tried everything I could hear of for my eough and was under treatment of the best doctor in Georgetown, 8. C, for a year, but could get no relief. A friend advised me to try Dr. King's New Discovery. I did so, and was com pletely cured. I feel that I owe my life to this great throat and lunecure." It's positively guaranteed for coughs, colds and all bronchial affections. 50c and $ 1. Trial bottle free at 3. R. Pil-kington. A fatal epidemic prevails in Mitch ell county, which has heretofore been unknown to medical science and is baffling skilled physicians, who have made every effort to check the mala dv, which manifests itself by small bloodshot stains ou the tip of the fin gers, passing through the arm into the body and resulting in death with in a few days after the first sign ap pears. , A Peek in His Pocket would show the box of liuckleu's Arni ca Salve that E. S. Ioper, a carpenter, of Marilla, X. Y., always carries. ' have never had a cut, wound, bruise or sore it would not soon heal," he writes. Greatest healer of burns,loils, scalds, chapped hands and lips, fever sores, skin eruptions, eczema, corns or piles. 25c at G. II. Pilkington's. Sprains require careful treatment. Keep quiet and apply Chamberlains Liniment. It will remove the soreness and quickly restore the parts to a healthy condition. For sale by all dealers. There will be a Farmers.' convention at the A. and M. College at Raleigh August 29, 30 and 31. East Carolina Teachers' Training School. : A JJtate school to train teachers for the -5- public schools of North Carolina. ' Every & energy is directed to this one purpose. & Tuition free to alt who aree to teach. Full trra begins " ' September 26, '1 911.' For catalogue and other information, igr J addreB8 vti J V ROBT. H. WRIGHT, President? Greenville, N. C. ; J The center of population of the United States is 4 1-4 miles south of Unionville, Monroe county, Itid., ac cording to Census Bureau announce ment. The geographic il center of the United States is in northern Kan sas so that the center of population, therefore, is about 550 miles east of the geographical center of the coun try . Happiest Girl in Lincoln. A Lincoln, Neb., girl writes, "I had been ailing for some time with chronic constipation and stomach trouble. I began taking Chamberlain's Stom ach and Liver Tablets and in three days I was able to be up and got better right along. I am the proudest girl in Lincoln to find sucha good medicine. " For sale by all dealers. A special term of Durham superior court is being held this week for the trial of "blind User" cases. Never leave home on a journey with out a bottle of Chamberlain's Colic, Choleratand Diarrhoea Remedy. v It is almost certain Us be1 needed and can not be obtained wheni on beard the cars or steamships. For sale by all dealers. ; A respectable whit woman, sixty years old, was brutally assaulted on last Sunday night at Rockingham bv an unknown man, who made his escape. Parsons Poems a Gem. . From Rev. H. Stubenvoil, Allison, Iowa., in praise of Dr. King's New Life Pills. "They're such a health necessity, In every home these pills should be. If other kinds you've tried in vain, USE DR. KING'S And be well again. Only 25c at G. R. Pilkington's. . This popular remedy never fails to effectually cure - Dyspepsia, Constipation, Sick Headache Biliousness And ALL DISEASES arising from a Torpid Liver and Bad Digestion The natural result is good appetite and solid flesh. Dose small; elegant ly sugarcoated and easy to swallow. Tfike No Substitute COMMISSIONER'S SALE OF LAND. Under and by virtue of the power of sale conferred upon the undersigned by an order of the bupe- rior Court of Chatham county, in the special proceedings therein pending. entitled L. j . Womble, administrator of 1. S. Collier vs. Mrs. Willie Collier et als, the undersigned commissioner win sea Tor eash to the highest bid der, at the court-house door in Pitts bcro, N. C, on the 19th day of Au gust, 1911, at 12 o'clock m , subject to the dower right therein of Mrs. Willie Collier, the following described lands in Centre township, Chatham coui.ty, N C, and bounded as follows, to wit: Beginning at a dogwood, the old mill road, Harris' corner, running thence west 54 poles to a stone pie, thence south 40 poles to a stone pile with white oak pointers; thence west 40 poles to a stone pile; thence north 10 poles; thence west 14 poles; thence 44 poles to a stone; there; east 36 poles to a stone; thence north 49 poles to poplar point rs; thence east 4 poles to a post oak; thence south 30 poles to said road; thence down said road to the beginning, containing fifty acres, more or less. Second tiact, beginning at a rock in Collier's line, running north 35 yards; thence west 140 yards; thence south 35 yards; thence east to the beginning, containing one acre, more or le s. This Ju.y 13th, 1911. R. H. DIXON, Commissioner. ELON COLLEGE (Co-Educational.) Delightfully situated in the hill country. Unsurpassed in healthfull ness. Modern in equipment. Steam heat, electric lights, baths, sewer age, with the ad vantages and none of the disadvantages of city life. An ideal institution for the education of young men and young women, with 21 years of successful history behind it A high grade college, whose graduates are admitted without ex amination to tfie graduate depart ment of the great universities. 32aintaiiis also music, art, ex pression, commercial and prepara tory departments. Four courses leading to degrees. Special Normal Courses for Teachers, approved and endorsed by State Superintendent Joyner. Xenns moderate-$132 to $187 per session of ten months. For catalogue or other information, address (mentioning this paper) W. A. HARPER, President, Elon College, N. C. CUT FLOWERS, WEDDING BOUQUETS, FUNERAL DESIGNS, PALMS, FERNS, BLOOM . ING PLANTS. CABBACE AND TOMATO PLANTS All orders given prompt atten tion. M J. MCPHAIL, phone, No. di. Florist, San ford, N. C. RALEIGH AND SOUTH PORT RAILWAY The United S ates Senate l.a dcid-! ed that no senatorial candidate shall st)end more than $10,000 in the prim ary and general election. Right in your busiest. you have the least time to spare you I ;c "wau uH.y io lane diarrhoea and lose several days' time, unless you have Chamberlain's Cofic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy at hand and take a dose on first appearance cf the dis ease. For sale by all dealers. Schedule of PaBRensrpr Trains, Ef fective Sunday, May 22, 1910. The following schedule on the Ral eigh and Southport Railway gives three trains each way daily between and Fayetteviile: Southbound. Lv Raleigh H:00 a m ArFayetTeville 11:10 a m Lv Raleigh - J : 1 5 p m Ar Fayettevilte- 4:0p m I-iV Rale'Rh 6:35 p m ArFajeueville.c 9:85 p m Northbound. Lv FayetWil!e : 8:0i a rn Ar. R-.deigh ; I0:fi0 a m Lv Fayettevilte 1:00 pm At Raleighi L. 3:45 p m Liv Fayetteville 5:10 p m Ar Raleigh 8:20 p m 233 A Typewriter That Means Something. Blindfold yourself Have ten typewriters, of different make, placed in a row a Monarch some where among them. Try each kev- 31 board in turn . The machine with the lighest touch will be the Monarch Light Touch M and you can locate it every time, no matter how its position be changed . Just as the proper tools produce the best work, so does a responsive key action increase the efficiency of a stenographer. MONTHLY PAYMENTS Monarch Machines may be purchased on the Monthly. Pay- ment Plan. Bend for Monarch literature. Learn the rainy reu- Sons for Monarch superiority. A pasteari will bring full infor : mation. DURHAM BOOK AND STATIONERY COMPANY, 112 West Main Street, Durham, N. G. I VACATION OUTING The Glorious Mountains OF WESTE R N N O R T H CAROLINA "The Land of the Sky" ' "The Sapphire Country" "The Balsams" Where there is health in every breath. The climate is perfect the year round. In Spring and Summer the Region is Ideal. REACHED BY The Southern Railway Solid Through Train, includ ing Parlor Car, between Golds boro, Asheville and vN aynes ville via Raleigh, Greensboro, and Salisbury. Other couven ent through car arrangements. SUMMER TOURIST TICKETS ON SALE UNTIL SEPTEMBER 3otli, 1911. Let Your Ideas and Wishes be Known. J. H. WOOD, , R. II. PeBUTTS D. P. A. T. P. A. AsheVifle, N.C. Charlotte, N. C. J. O. JONES, T. P. A. Raleigh, N. C. (Exchange the Farnifc-w lyf You don't want for the You don't want for the CASH you do through the World's Largest Farm Agency Thousands of sales everywhere prove riglit methods. No advance fee required. Ask our ngent today for free listing blanks. E. A. STROUT COMPSNY Boatoa New York Philadelphia Pirtabarg Chicago H. H. JORDAN, District Agent, JORDAN, N. C. Call Siler City, N. C. AtwaterS Lambeth, Bynum, N. C. Now on hand a fresh and full line of General Merchandise, including everything need ed by l MEN, wujfii ana CHILDREN. Call and see for yourself. New lot of Wagons,Euggics and Surreys. April 12, 1011. Il SOUTHERN RAILWAY. Direct Line to All Points North. South. East. West Very Low Round Trip Rates To AH the Principal Resorts The Norfch Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, The State's Industrial College. Four-year courses in Agriculture; in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical En gineering; in Industrial Chemistry; in Cotton Manufacturing and Dyeing. Two-year courses in Mechanic Arts and in Tex tile Art. One-year course in Ag riculture. These courses are both prac tical and scientilic. Examinations for admission are held at all county seats on July 13. For catalog address THE REGISTRAR, West Raleigh, N. C. The North Carolina State Normal and Industrial College. Maintained by the State for the Women ' of North Carolina. Five regular courses ! leading to degrees. Special courses for teachers. Free tuition to thoe who agree to become teachers in the State. FhU session begins September 13. 1911. For catalogue and other information ad dress RJIKJS L F0UST, Tus&eat, Greensboro, N. C Through Pullman to Atlanta leaves Ralt-igh 4:0o p. m., arrives at Atlanta 6:25 a. m., maki" cl-.se connection for and arriving Montgomery follow ing day, after leuviug Raleigh. 11:00 a. m, Mobile 4:12 p. m., New Orleans 8:30 p. m , Rirmingham 12:15 noon, Memphis 8:05 p. m., Kansas City 11: :0 a. in., second day, and connect ing for all other points. This car also makes cl-se connection at Salisbury for St-Louisandotlier Western points. Through Pullman to Washington J -.r." "" V ""1 "Niicsan I Washington 8:53 .m., Baltimore 10:02 'a.m. Philadelphia 12:23 noon, New I York 2:31 p. ni. yi'hfs cm r'niakt-a clone corint-ction at Washington fr IMlts- b'Tg, Chicago and all poin's north ud west, and at Grwn.-boro fr through tourist sleeper for California points and for alt Florida points. ThrouKii pari r car for Ashevil'e leaves GoMboro i.t t:M . in , i.'ul-t-igh 8:35 a. in., arrives A: Seville 7:40 n. m.. mkinf tl 1 - : - e vvi;ivtiiu i 11 the Carolina Special aixi a.jjvii; ;ii Ciucinnati 10:00 a.m. following uav al ter leaving Raieiuh, with c.use con nection for all points nort iH. d nor h west. Pullm tn tor Winston-Sulcm leaves RaUigh 2:30 a. rn., arrive U.ee tor 6:30 a. m., making cloe ounection at Greensboro f..r all points north, east, south and west This c r Is lifirii td on traia No. Ill leaving G las'.ory at 10:45 p. m. Jf you i.esireany information, please write or calb W- are her m fnmich information as well as to sell tickets. W. H.PAHNELL, T. P. A., 215 Fayetteville St., Raleigh, .N. C. 11. F CARY, G. 1 A., Washington, D. C. A DMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE. 'Having qualified as administrator of Albert Crump, deceased, 1 hereby notify all persons having ciaiin against the said decedent to exhib t ue same to me on or before the 26lh dav of June, 1!)12. ThU28thof June, 1911. , r O. E. CHUMP. II.. A. London & Bon Attorney
The Chatham Record (Pittsboro, N.C.)
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July 19, 1911, edition 1
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