'.'
.-
- tf (
J To Dollirs per annara in advance
JLrtijementi inserted at $1 per aquarefor the first.
, cents ior cacu wi"" - w?
i Ruction of 33 J per cent, will be made ;to those
b, ;jrtu by the thV''".,V' - .' - - '
jWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS.:
FIRST SESSION.. - .
' ; 1 . . . v-s -
Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
: WASHIX6TOX, Dec. 4, 1845. ! '
p UNITED STATES SENATE -
fl,e journal having been read, the President
. .j before the '"Senate a communication from
J?fl Secretary of War, in reply to a resolution
j the 4th of March la stalling upon that offi
cr lor information relative to the enlargement
thtf fort a"d military posts on Lake Huron,
ch was laid on the table and ordered to be
printed. ' . u .r-"'- '.-.-V '
The President having left the chair it was oc
Lte4 by Mr. Sevjier, of Ark. V 't. J
jfr. Bagby. of Ala., asked leave tv withdraw
papers from the files of the Senate, which
tl granted. V"" ''.. '..'.' " --
jlij. Breese, of II!., called up the resolution
wtolore flered by hyn, to suspend so much of
Jje 34tn ruie-as '..requirra mo ciecuun oi me
.ndip2 committers by ba Tot, and give the ap
pointment thereof to the President of theen-
fr. Mangum, o IN. C, said that he had in.
i,wd the hope, from a suggestion made by him
yesterday to the mpver of the resolution that it
tmld not foe niessVd "upon the Senate. lie
ad Ho personal objection to the action of the
PresMent of the Senate, and did not know that
jt'wdukl vary the character of the committees
to bare them appointed by him 'but he consid
ered ibe resolution! as taking from the Senate a
purer which rightfully hebni to it, and try giv
iurtbat power to an 8verTnot responsible to it,
ibe Senate not only-abdicawa it rightful privU
Jfffirjbut lowers its dignity. . v ; j. :
M Allen, of Ohio, naid that lefore replying
to the Senator from North Carolina, lie desired
loiaytha this resolution emanated from no
ducus of ibe Democratic members of Ihe Sen
ate, and was the dictate of no party.; V Mr. A I
Vi then proceeded to the question of resonst
Wi'iy, and contended that thfe Vie President,
ilthouph' not responsible to the Ixidy over which
be presides, had a much higher responsibility--,
be was responsible to the States and to the peo
ple. I ' ' -;; . . T - ' . ". ' - -
Mr. Breeee said that in submitting his reso
lution he did not suppose that any opposition to
it would le excited. It, was, not his intention
6 rescind the 34th rule -a rule which he high
ly approved of, as it gave to the Senate the pow
er to appoint its Standing Committees S pow
er which it was desirable shmild be exercised
when the political opinions of: the Presiding of.
6 r were not in accordance with those of a ma
jority of t hat bodyj r '
Mr. Benton' followed in opposition to the re
m1utton,an(i upon the question leing put, Mr.
Mngt?m demanded the yeas and nays, which
vere ordered and the resolution was lost ayes
20, noes 21.'. , . . '
On motion of Mr. Manmim, the Senate re-
wlvedl to proceed the election of the Standing
Committees on Monday next. :
The resolution offe red yesterday by Mr.
Speight was taken up and adopted. -
Mr,r Erans, of Maine, gave notice of his in.
tentfon to introduce sundry bills. x
The Senat then adjourned over to Monday.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The Speaker anounce;d the business in order
to be the Resolution of the gentleman from
Georgia, (Mr. CobW,) regulating the selection
of Seats. ,y; :'.
Mr, Bayly, of Va., said he was prbdundly ig.
(rant of the sulyectof printing, nrtd he asked
lobe excused from serving on the ' Committee
on that subject. " The House' granted the re
tjueit. " -r 'V ;'
t CONTESTED SEATS.
-". Mr. Cobb, of Ga., 'moved fir the considera.
tim nf the Resolution offered by him onTues
lay last, proposing that. the seats betaken by
Mtery, and that the Clerk draw, for the mem
lr. Oltjcclions were made tothe consideration
tif the Resolution, biit the previous question was
'moved nnd seconded upon it. W
Mr; Gentry raised an amusing point of order,
Mch was the 39lb rule prohibiting any mem
Wfrm voting upon any question, nxvhich he
rimmediatejy interested. Every was mem--jw
interested in this question of seats, and there
wwas nbt qualified to virteaipon it. "
' The Speaker overruled this objection, and al-
one or two raised upon the - Constitutional
pwnd of tested rights, possession, &c.
motion was -then made to lay the resolution
BN the table and Iostayeir 88, noes 113. C
. The yeas ar.d jnavs were then" ordered upon
'w adoption of the Resolution, and the rote was
"Ho 77.
. ftoa
: the execution of the order was then com
menceu amidst many interniptions. At the
. "Cgestibn of ono of the members all rose and
i fIlL,,he seats vacant, and as the names were read
I me Uerk selections were made. The mem
displayed: great eagerness to obtain the
ftuts, ' which were, as in most lotteries, few
spared with the-blanksi. Ir. Adams's name
amon? the last read. 'but through llip pmir.
2, ' 'he Ifouse no one chose his usual seat.
. (iW Dlfflpa tinvinir nit Imaii rrnnA ikrminh
"n, the house nroceeded to the consideration
."wner iMisinesTs.
Wr. Owen, of la., gave notice that he would,
'Otfifi fut iiro duv. introdii TtiH in n1iiwn
w Smithsonian Institute. ; ' y
?!' piles, of MdM moved that ten thousand
ttr copies of the President's message be print
ft'f uch portions of it as relate to Mexico
y Texas. He considered this portion of the
'JeSa as immensely important, and as the
J'nt oftb United States had invited the
y81 attention of Congress to the subject;
a ?iu'e cull not be placed in possession of
T'oocurnents and Message before the end of
;un, ne boned that the extra copies would
furnished at the, earliest , practical . mo-
It WAR lmrwrfonl llioi aajVtat ma a 00 lirl nn.
. Uie subject rif "Mexico andTexas should be
Tat homej and abroad. - - V
Vnr'T 1D W? W1 by way of amendment,
nt three thousand copies of the Message
ern.hch was losV
'tltt, LPyneot" Ala., moved, as an amendment,
Ctrt copies of tho Report of the
,yeLa7 of this Treasury be printed.- He con:
rdinaJVa.m?ticxtraordinarJr Prt,-xtra-fcet
.rr ;rm f s cogent reasoning and from the
mif 11 the first, document hat ever
fin? tUT the Treasury Departmentpproxima
ni in docrines of Free Traded , Congress
ere ;Ctii Pr thls uhject t least he hoped
1 70u,d.ho; some action upon itand that
i! -
1
1
IE" ."
'BRUNERrfc JAMES,'
Editors 4 Proprietors.
' Mr. Hopkins, of Ya. said that the usual num
be r,f extra copies wa t?fri thousand, and though
the document was an important one, he hoped
that no more would be-ordered.
Mr.Stewartof PaJik the 'niemlier fom
A la I. a ma, regarded the? niiestitin as imrv.rtant,
and he desired to test the strength of the House
upon the question of printing 20,000 copies of
an acknowledged free trade document. ' l
A warrnrdelmte was bere likely to spring up,
which however was put an end to by a motion
fromVlr. Kennedy, of la., t adjourn.. Carried
-ayes lOlrttoes not counted, and the House
adjourned at half past three'until Monday next.
From the Baltimore American.
THE U. S. TREASURY REPORT;
. We sball Ivfer to-day. to tnaf portion
only of this document which relates to the
Tariff. The Secretary is a special plead
er, acute and ingeniouson particular points.
His scope of vision does not seem to cover
la large field atone view:, he looks at ob
jects in detail. His faculty of analysis
appears to he greater than his power of
combination. He uses a microscope well ;
hut a larger instrument would he rather
un wieldly in his hands.
-The basis of th Secretary's reasoningsi
aKainsi uie .protective system is stmptv
this: that protective duties operate, exclu
sively for the benefit of a particular class,
the manufacturers, and that they are con
sequently a tax upon the rest of the com
muiiity. If this position he sound there
may be deferulers .f tjie system, but we
are not or the number.
The position is not sound ; it is without
foundation; it is utterly fallacious. i
Let. us hear the Secretary state his as
sumed axiom. At least two thirds; of
the taxes," says the report, imposed hy
the present tariff are paid not into the trea
sury, but to the protected classes. The
revenue from imports last year exceeded
twenty-seven millions of dollars. This. in
itself, is a heavy tax; but the whole !tax
imposed upon the people hy the present
tariff is not less than eighty-one million of
dollars ot which twenty-seven millions
are paid to the government upon the im
ports, and htty-four millions to the protec
ted classes, in enhanced prices of similar
domestic articles."
Again the same view is presented ; If
the Marshal," so runs the phraseology,
were sent by the federal government to
collect a direct tax upon thewhoIe people,
to be paid over to manufacturing capital
ists, to enable them to sustain their busi
ness, or realize a larger profit, it would
be the same in effect as the protective du
ty, which, when analyzed in its simplest
elements, and reduced to actual results, is
. -4
a mere surjsiraciion ot so much money
from the people, to increase the revenue
of the protected classes.
We are further told that the number
of manufacturing capitalists wjio derive
the benefit from the heavy taxesextracted
by the tariff from twenty millions of peo
ple, ooes not exceed ten thousand.
Against the protective system, then, as
thus defined, the Secretarv makes unre
lenting war. - He arrays himself as tht
advocate of the many against the few, of
the poor against the rich, of the laborer
against the employer ; and with such odds
of numbers on his side, if he only had sense
and justice and reason, he would be invin
cible. j$ -. y
Has the Secretary ever considered the
(.question how or why protective duties
hrst came to be laid in this country?
Were they established by the influence of
the manufacturing interest? There was
no such interest. When the first memo-
rial went from the city of Baltimore to theLte
First Congress," sfgned by mechanics andl b
artizans, asking for protection, did over
grown capitalists prompt the movement ?
Was G eorge Washington the dupe of a
moneyed few when he recommended en
couragement to domestic Industry and
signed the first hill extending protection
to manufactures ? Is no sentiment of pat
riotism, no principle of sound policy to be
imputed to Jefferson when he declared
that our manufacturers must be put side
by side with our farmers? Or in 1824
did General 'Jackson jspeak as the mouth
piece of monopolists, when he wrote to
I)r. Coleman that the best way to benefit
the agriculturist was to extend his home
j market by rearing up a manufacturing
population on our own soil 7
, No ; that patriotic teeliug. that senti
ment of independence, which prompted
t hestruggle, for political freedom in Seventy-six
gave rise to the first prganiza
tion of the policy of protection to Ameri
can industry. Ve were free in name on
ly Avhije the shackles of commercial sub
jugatipn hung around us. . What was the
lesson taught us by the warof 1812?
Let the tariff of 1816 answer. The wars
opt he French revolution and of Napoleon,
involving all Europe; had thrown a' large
carrying trade into our hands; our mea
sures of protection for home industry, suf-
ncieni io lnuicate ine policy, r.were yet
slight and imperfect, because -the condi
tion of the European world rendered fur
ther measures of that kind unecessary.-
But the experience of three years of - hos
ti lilies; -end ing in 1815, and the T cessation
of war in Europe, demonstrated in a man
ncr too forcible to be overlooked the true
policy of this Republic in that particular.
iptai mis very iDoaieniwucn rre
ident of the U. States is'appealihg to tht
s!d
e.
national spirit and to the patriotic I'eeling,
?:V Kezt acHcx crow axx xovx ' "TV ' ,
1 -f . -. . . .. f . . . . 1 . . ..... .
SALISBURY, N. G., DECEMBER 19, 1845
can bosom ; while he is assuming a posi
tion of independence, almost of defiance,
as to. the nations of-Europe, and to. the
most powerful one ofjhem especially,
warning, them t hat J he ' Great Republic
stands' alone as the guardian of its, own
destiny ; at Jhis very moment his Secreta
ry the Treasury seeks to strike away
the.. basis,oft our. self-sustaining strength
and to bind anew those chains of depen
denceUpon foreign countries: which the
genius of our nationality would shake off.
Mistaken interpreter of the public sen
timent ! . You have coldly felt the pulse
of the American People. Your appeals
to social prejudices, to class jealousies, to
the pretended rivalry of interest the com
mon staple of demagogues on the build-
nigs win oe overpowed and hist in the
grand resounding tone which rises, as rise
it must, when the true patriotic chord in.
the heart of this nation is struck. The
time is at hand when the American Re
public must stand on a basis all its own,
and be sure of every part of it. It can
look for no sympathies from monarchical
. .1 1
Europe : n musi journey aione on ine nign
road to its destiny. Let us then beware
of those dangerousalliances of trade which
would entangle us in the meshes of for
eign policy; which would establish our
workshops in Europe and render us de
pendent on foreign labor for articles of
daily use. which our own artizans and
manufacturers can furnish as well.
; But we need not refer merely to the ex
perience of our country which prompted
to the establishment of the protective pol
icy. We have had experience the other
way also. The beau ideal of Mr. Secre
tary Walker's fancy, the full consumma
tion of his theories and abstractions, has
been realized in all its beauty and excel
lence. .. Fortunate indeed I The indefati
gable zeal which prompted the restless
Secretary to collect information from all
quarters, except those where he could get
the best as to the probable consequences
r.t .1
01. ine oven n row -01 protection, may oe
gratified by a slight retrospect. All his
interrogatories sent through the post office
to all parts of the counlry, may find their
full answer in the annals of Mr. Van Bu
ren's administration.' What need of the
ones, doctrines, deductions when one can
have realities and facts ? Whence came
the prostration of the country during that
memorable epoch of low duties and free
importations ? What caused the indebt
edness of our merchants abroad to the a
mount of hundreds of millions for which
specie was drained from the country ?
How came the present national debt into
existence ? Why were the treasury notes
issued hy millicns to meet the expenses of
the Van Buren Administration ? How
happened it that drafts of the government
for inconsiderable sums lay unpaid and
dishonored because of an empty treasury ?
Look back to that period of humiliation
and shame, we beg of you, men in power,
and contemplate it well before you en
force measures to restore its abominable
features again. The same party now
holds the reins of government. Are they
not satisfied with having once destroyed
the national prosperity 1 Are they in love
with ruin? Mr. Walker says that the
wages of labor were not increased by the
tariff of 1842. Does he mean that asser
tion to -be believed ? Will he tell how
many laboring men there were, just be
fore the enactment of that tariff, without
any wages 1st all ?
When the secretary ararues mat me
rest of the community are taxed for the
benefit ot the manufacturers, to the ex-
ent which he pretends, his reasoning is
based on the assumption that the duty is
added to the price of the import and also
of its domestic rival. 1 his is a favorite
dogma of the Bundlecund" school of po
litical economists, and it might be a very
good one if facts did not contradict it a
misfortune which attaches to most of the
assumptions of that school. Instead of
adducing instances in which the above
maxim is not true we beg to know a sin
gle instance in which it is true. Do we
hear any complaint of the high prices ot
goods caused by the tariff ? Or is all the
nation, as Mr. ISarnwell Khett assured his
constituents they were I he most oppress
ed people under the sun, yet they did not
know if. The Secretary is kind to give
lectures on misery to awaken the people
to a knowledge of their own sufferings,
which he feels more keenly than they do.
He is like the eloquent lawyer who re
counted .the grievances of his client in
such touching words that the latter burst
into tears and declared that he had not
before known he was such a miserable
man.
M The occasional fall in price," says
Mr. Walker, of some article after a ta
riff, is no proof that this was the effect of
the tariff, because, from improved machi
nery, diminished prices of the raw mate
rial, or other causes, prices may fall even
after a tariff, but ihey would in such ca
ses have fallen much more but for the ta
riff." , . ;
It might have occurred to Mr. Walker
that the fall in price of protected articles
not " occasional merely, but the natural
result of protection if he had considered
the true principle upon which our protec
tive system is (based. , That principle is
hot to build up artificial interests for the
benefit of monopolists ;.it is to build up
no interest ior wnica mere i in
T- -4 RCIKSS. Do THIS. AJTO LlSEXTT
V ; J Gen'i. Hcrrimm. "
ductions of the country, j It presumes a
confidence in native ingenuity and indus
try, that when the raw material is at hand
we shall he able in a short time to man
ufacture so well and so cheaply as to ren
der the protective duty no enhancement
of the price at all. That this result has
followed in many instances is known ev
ery, where except at the Treasury Depart
ments ,1 X.'
The Secretary affirms that the State
of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, if cultivated to
their fullest extent, i could, of themselves,
raise more than sufficient food to supplj'
the entire home market. Yet he would
have the manufacturers turned into far
mers. The exuberance of our agricultur
al productions is one - strong reason why
other pursuits should be encouraged. We
may get access to foreign markets in ca
ses of great scarcity abroad, but for the
most part our farmers have to rely upon
the home market. Even when England
imports flour, the Baltic countries, near at
hand, can supply her before we can- un
less there be a scarcity, as at present, in the
latter. But we have not rdom for farther
comments on the Treasury Report just
now.
r
LATE FROM EUROPE.
The arrival at Boston of the steamship Cam
bria, from Liverpool, furnishes accounts from
Europe fifie!) days later than before received.
Among her passengers is Professor Morse,
the inventor of the electro-magnetic telegraph,
who is the hearer of despatches to Govern
ment from the United States Legations in Prus
sia, Belgium, and England. Mr. Morse has in
charge the ratified treaty between Bavaria and
the United States, transmitted by Mr. Wheaton,
our Minister at Berlin ; and also the proposed
commercial treaty between-Belgium and the
United States. He has also despatches for the
Department of State, and for the Postmaster
General, from Mr. McLane, our Minister in
England. '
Rufus Primo, Esq. of New York, also came
passenger in the Cambria, and is the bearer of
despatches from the United States Legation in
Tans to the 'Department of State.
In England the grain market had been well
sustained,, but it does not appear that prices of
flour and grain bad actually advanced. The
cotton market remained about the same as at
our last accounts.
Meetings have Wen held in Ireland to take
into consideration the state of the potato crop of
the country ; and resolutions were passed, and
submitted to Sir R. Peel, asking for the open
ing of the . ports, the stopping of the distillation
of grain, and the granting of a loan of a mill
ion and a half to supply the present necessities
ot the people, "
The Railway Speculations had very gener
ally subsided, and it is said that the amount of
money actually diverted from the usual chan
nels of trade is extremely small ; which circum
stance has, to some extent, tended to quiet the
money market. The Bank of England had
raised the rate of discount to 3 percent.
Marshal Soult, the French Minister of War,
has resigned, and General Saint You has been
appointed successor.
The accounts from Algeria chow that the
French arc still busy making the most ample
preparations for the subjugation of the inhabi
tan s .
The King of the Belgians has been opening
the Chambers in a speech which makes men
tion of a commercial treaty with the United
States ; but the details of the treaty have not
appeared. The state of the potato crop, and
the sufferings which, it is feared, the Belgians
will endure in consequence, are to le provided
for, the King suggests, by employing the poor
on public works.
The new tariff of the Zoll-Verein has been
published, but has excited little attention in En
gland. As regards the United States, the in
creased duties will not affect the importations.
The transit duties on cotton have been reduced
by the Hanoverian States.
Advices from St. Petersburg of the 4th No
vember state that the latest news from the Cau
casus is of more favorable character than had
previously leen received. The Emperor was
in Italy, with his wife and daughter, and du
ring his absence nothing of importance could
be transacted.
THE NEWS BY THE CAMBRIA.
The Journel of Commerce" states, on the
authority of an intelligent merchant of the city
ofjNew York, who has been spending the last
eight months in Europe, and had the best op.
portunitiesof observationihat the excitement
in England was universal against the United
Slate on the subject of Oregon. The Govern,
ment was making the most vigorous prepara
tions for war, and unquestionably with refer
ence alone to the Oregon dispute ; as with
France, and all the nations of Europe, she is
without controversy on any subject. A very
large contract had been made, among other
things, for military clothing in Canada. Indeed,
it was said that the Government were determin
ed upon the necessity of settling the difficulty
without further delay.'
' I The same paper further states that ' the opin
ion of the passengers to whom the President's
Message was read, on board the Cambria, was,
that it would very much increase the excitement
in England, and increase the difficulty of an
amicable settlement."
THE ENGLISH MARKET FOR BREADSTUFFS.
It seems that the Government of Great Brit-
Win has come to the conclusion not to open the
ports for the free admission of grain at present.
It is inferred from this that, bad as things are in
that country,' they are' not quite so bad as has
been represented.' The European Times says
that the fine weather .which" has ruled in the
country during the last fortnight has enabled the
; NEW SERIES,-.
Jf :l "
,"NUJ
NUMBER "34, OP VOLUME IK
1
the disease to which the potatoes are subject,
and; muck good has bcen.done in the way of sar.
ingwhat was thought to hare. been irrecovera
blyloit : The same paper says -'
The corn market continues to rise, and the
averages to lalU ' Tbe latterfnow stand for the
week at 14s. ; but the belief; if gaining ground
that before the end of the year, with the advanc
ing market, corn wid be admitted at the lowest
duty a shilling per quarter. The inferior de.
scriptions continue to keep down the averages,
but only for a temporary period. The quantity
of flour coming from the United States to this
country has Ween most absurdly exaggerated in
some of. the journals. - ; i
In Spain, the Cortes are convoked fW the
15th , The Cabinet, it is said, will be sure to
have an imposing majority throughout the ses
sion. 1 he harvest m Spam has 1 been atxind-
ant, and general surprise is felt that the Eng.
ish Government does not send there Tor the sup
plies of which it has need, in preference to
r ranee, Germany, or Uussia.
The Mammoth Steamer.h-z-The steamship
Great Britain, which left Ndw York on the
28th October, arrived at Liverpool on the morn
ng of the lUth of the following month, having
made the passage in nineteen and a half days.
Two days after leaving New York something
was found wrong with the propeller, which was
striking the stern-post very hard. The engines
were reversed, and alter two or three-good
thumps the arm broke off- The ship then con
tinued nn her way, with low steam, for two days
more, when another oft he arms of the propeller
broke, leaving only one, and Ihe arm of another.
The mosf was then made of the sails, and the
propeller was just kept from dragging. On the
6th of November the temaining arm of the pro
peller broke, leaving only the half arm J he
steamer consequently performed a great part of
her passage by means of her sails, which per
formed admirably.
Mods. Mongkl, a French engineer, has re
ceived orders from the Viceroy of Egypt to com
mence the stupendous work of the barrage of
the If lie. The estimated cost is three millions
of dollars.
The Paris Moniteur publishes a long ordin
ance, establishing a Jewish Consistory at Al
giers, with Provincial Consistories at Oran and
Constantina, whose joint authority is to extend
to all the Jews in Algeria. The ordinance at
so decrees the creation of schools and Sallesd'
Asile, in Algeria, for the Jews of both sexes.
Hudson Bay Produce. -The annual impor
tations into England of furs and skins by the
Hudson's Bay Company has just taken place
One of their vessels, the Prince Albert, arrived
at London in the beginning of last month, and
the other vessel, the rrtnee liupert, arrived a
few days previously, with immense cargoes of
every description of the most valuable furs and
skins of animals.
French Cruisers for the Coast of Africa.
In a few days (says a late Paris paper) one ot
the vessels to form the French squadron on the
coast of Africa, to act in conjunction with the
English cruisers for the suppression of (he slave
trade, will be ready for sea, al Cherbourg. She
is named L'Abcille, is a very beautiful model,
and was built at Cherbourg a short time since.
She carries 11 guns, and has a complement of
120 men. Her fittings arc superb, the Govern
ment of France providing every thing, even to
a carpet for the commander's cabin.
Mortality of the British Troops in China.
In 1843 the regiment had 400 men stationed at
Amoy, where they lost 75 men and two officers.
At Hong-Kong nearly one -third of the British
garrison died in 1843. The British command
er. General D'Aufilar, has declared that to re
tain Hong-Kong it will require the loss of a
whole regiment every three years, and that to
have 700 effective men it 1 necessary to main
tain 1,400. The grave-yard at HongrKong was
soon filled, and another was required from the
Surveyor General, who found it difficult to point
out a proper spot.
We learn from Paris papers that thePorte
has agreed to give an indemnity of 70,000 pias.
tersto France for the pillage'ofthetwo convents
during the late insurrection in Syria, and also
an indemnity for the expenses of the French
who were compelled to quit the Lebanon by
the order of Chekib-Effendi. On this subject
the Malta Times has the following from its
Constantinople correspondent, dated the 27th
ultimo :
Since my last, the Porte has been obliged
to yield to the demands of M. de Bourqueney.
Though supported by the common judgment of
the four Powers against the French Ambassa
dor; the Turkish Ministry could not prudently
have braved the ultimatum ot the representative
of France. M. d Bourqueney had signified
in an official note his intention to withdraw
himself to some distance from this capital, and
there await the further instructions of his Gov.
ernment, in case his demands were not com
plied with ;and as he was really on the point
of putting the threat (having received a third
refusal from the Porte) into execution, the' Min
isters of the Sultan consulted with Sir Si ration!
Canning and M. TetofT as to what was to be
done in this emergency. Both these Ambassa
dors gave their distinct approbation to the line
of conduct the rorte bad pursued on ine ques
tions at issue, but as neither of them vould
guaranty the Turkish Cabinet, in the name of
bis Government, trom ine cotfsequenres 01 a
further resistance to M. de Bourqueney, the
Porte could not hold out longer. The French
Ambassador, being thus Jully satisfied, agreed
to modify one of his demands. The Druse
chief is not to be tried anew- but only to be
brousht to this capital in order to be examined
as to the attack of the Druses on the convent of
Abeya, during the late insurrection in the moun
tain. ' All 'the other reauirements oLFrance,
indemnity of losses, real or alleged, French sub
jects may have sustained, by quitting their re
sidences . in the Lebanon, and ids arourary
cUims'Cir repairs, or rebuildig such French
rnnrrnti InA MtlblisbmeuU as may have been
damaged or destroyed by the Druses in the late
civil stnle ot tne iwo inuc, w mv .vvp,
and without investigation,! submitted to It is
doubted however, whether this triumph of "I. .
do Bourqueney has not been too dearly purchas
ed. It will surely be a" matter of rejoicing in
France ;'. but' the dfsgrace it "will bring upon
French diplomacy in all the Cabinets of Europe c
will more than counterbalance'this advantage,
or any other that may far a brief season bcac:
quired, by proceeding ; so arbitrary, so unjust vv
and so glaringly in contempt of four, principal ,
Powers of Europe, ' thone ,by. which JIL da.
iMXirqueney nasjjn mis uuHuutc, luusirait-u ma
aipioroauc.career.t 1 . -
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FROM , LIBERIA. , I .
: Regular files of Africa's Luminary (publish- 7
ed" at Monrovia) to the 25th; of Septemlierr ; f v
have been received at Yoik, by way of Cennu
da, '" " ': i ' .'54: ,'' - v ; :i W
The Luminary fSeptemer 10 gives thenar .
ticulars of the seizure of King li lass's territory
on the.Gahoon fiver by aFreiirh Jrig ot vart ;.
in the name of the King of the French. , vvfcatr
led to this act is thus stated in recent ititellU3
gence received .from an American ''missionary '.,
" Aliput eighteen months sinc a FreiujWshijif .
of war arrived offJCinjj Glasj's town, and pnuX
posed to purchase the country i.Hhe Kingrefu-f '
sed to tell. r Soti after, the King Mas visited !
by an agent of the Fivnrh ihm inder,(thoiiglii!T
unknown as such ) and, lieing plii'd with iutox-'
icating liquors until -drunk, was then presented! C
with what the agent sjitd was a friendly letter toi ; ;
the King tif the French, inviting him to send hia j- . ;
vessels to the :uatoon river to trade.-.: li lass
was . induced to sign this letter. This AlocU- J
ment, however,' proved to Im adeed 4hi coun -try
to tho-French : and under this fleed they
threatened to take immediate possesion of luu
ewnntry.- Glass remonlraiH. and sent a pn 1
test and explanation h L mi 4 Philippe and
Queen Victoria. English merehaiits interest-
ed themselves in the uUliir, 'and it wasjmped t:
that the French Government would disown tbe
doings of their naval agent, when apprized of "
the circumstances f the case. But recent ei f -
vents have disappointed all our hopes.V 1 A
French naval f rce arrived in the Galnion rirer
early in the summer, and de minded possession
of the territory. A iMm!anbnent of the town v
followed a refusaijo surreiMler,'and the miss-''
binary premises were nrnrexempt firom this at.
tack. The eeneral result was, that the jnhab-
itants of the town were driven away, and. all
missionary ierationsupeiided." ' ;f'fS4'Hr-
The Luminary announces that Capt. Ca not "
has induced the Kings of CapeJbaint t sign
a treaty with CominMlore Baudice, Commaud-
er of ihe French squadrn on the -west const of-
Airica. ior ine s:ippresjUiu, oi ine siave-iraue ;
on that river: aiJ it si;p-ej !ait.?Cahol 'i
wilt. lie rewarded ty t'ie French Government
with the cross of the L'giou ofjfinor. It is,'
also expected that, alihoiigh the chiefs if Gallic
nas have directly refused to entei into any treaty .
with (Commodore Jones, of this Biiiisirsteameri,
Penelope, th'y will, on the reiiirJi'of the French lY.
Commidore from the let ward, eutfr iut acorn.
merciaL treaty, which, if not directly tending f
to the entire aboliiioti of ihe slave trade,' will
bring a severe blow upon that abominable traf
fic. - .
Days without Nights and Nights without
Days. Dr. Baird is delivering tin interest-'
ingcourse of lectures at Hartfiird, C, of .
one of which the Times has theTfbllowingv
notice : . . , ... r - 1
There is nothing that strikes a stranger ,
more forcibly, if he visits Sweden at theA
season of the year when ibq days aro,
longest, than the absence of nignt." DrVf
B. had no conception of it before his Mr
rival. He arrived at- Stockholm from ;
Gottenburg.400 miles distant, in the mbrn-
ing andf.iaJ he afternoon went to see some
friends had not takin notes of time---1
and returned about midnight ; it was1
as
light as it is here half an hour before sun
down. You could see distinctly,..' But all,
was quiet in the streets ; it seeinetas if
the inhabitants hail gone away, or wero
dead.No signs of lifestores ''clbsecf.-1 :
The sun in June goes down at S'ockbolm
a little before 10 o'clock. There is a great
illumination all night, as the sun i passes J
round the earth towards- the North . poJeVt.
and the refraction of its rays .is such, that
you can see to read at mid'iliht. ;Dr.; B."'
read a letter in the forest near JStockholm.V
at midnight, without artifical light. '., There
is a mountain at the head of the GuirofJ
Bothnia, where, on the 2lst Juiie, the.sun
does not go down atail.Travt'llers go
up there to see it. A steamboat goes up;
from Stockholm for the purpose of carrying J
those vho are curious to witness thejphe-,:i
nomenon. It only occurs one night. The:
sun goes down to the horizon, you cafi see
the whole face ot it, and in hvc minutes
it begins to rise.'
At the North Cane, lat. 72 degrees, the
sun does notgddown for several weeks."
In June, it would be about 25 degrees a-
bove the horizon at midnight. The way
ne people Know it is mmnigur. uiry .spb, ,
the sun begin to rise, 1 he changes mi
those high latitudes, from summer, to win-; "
ter, are so great, that we can liave no con- '
ception of Ihem at alh jn the winter timo (
the sun "disappears and is not seen for sixv-
weeks. Then it comes and shows its mce I
Afterwards, it remains for Jen. fifteen .or
twenty minutes, and then descends.' 'And
nnallv. it floes not set at all; but makes '
almost a circle round the' heavens;, vDrv : v
Baird was asked how they managed hi'
regard to hired pemms. aiidwhat they mJ
considered a da v J I le could not wty, but
supposed they worked by the, hour, and
twelve hours would o? consiuereii aaay Vf
work. Birds and animals take their ac- v
customed rest at their tistial hours.Th;
The Doctor did not know lipwahey learn;4; , ;; :
ed the lime, but they hath and . go to rest , -
whether the sun goes down or.trot.- l hrj ' s
hens take to the trees alM)Ut7jclock, P.
M.,and stay there until the sun is well up f.
iii the morning. ancL the pf-oplc get into fe f
tbjsj habit of late rising lob. -The first
morning Dr. Bairfvoke'iirt
he was surprised to see the sun shining. ;
Into his room. He looked at his watch,
and! found it was only 3 o'clock ; jahd tho
next time he awoke; it was 5r o'clock, but 4
there;vere no persons in 4jie stn"etsw The. r '
people are vnotJn lhk: habit of risingsoV
soc-n. 4The Swedes in the icitiew are not -J
Very industrious, owing, pruuuui, w wo ,
climate.
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1 strongest of all feelings in the Amcri-ial foundation in the' resources and pr6-1farrarto take the Ustprccamioris tor arresting
v- 1 i n--i -v'w;'VrV V--: -iJ -
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