V'hole
Xo. 031.
Tarborou'gk, (Edgecombe County i'JT. C.) Saturday, September 3, 1836
Vol. A7IJW. 35.
Turbornugh Press,
Y- r. KORGE IIOWAUD,
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Miscellaneous.
Interesting Correspondence.
Vaico, Texas and the United
cff. We fiiul in the Nashville
Republican of the 6th instant, a
correspondence between Gov.
Cannon, of Tennessee, and the
president of the United States,
r?!ative to the requisition of Gen.
Gaines, for a brigade of militia.
Ti;e following is the President's
:!:er:
Hermitage, August 6, 1 836.
$ir; I have received your let
wrs of the 29lh ult. and the 4th
;a;t. accompanied by the copies of
loramui icalions which were ad
dressed to me on the 4lh May,
jd25th of July, by the Secreta
nofWar, and also accompanied
ivvour Proclamation of the 26ih,
landed on the requisition made
i? General Gaines, bearing date
of tiie 20th of June last. The
icuments referred to in the com
uaication to you of the 25th ult.
the War Department, have
:tetbeen received. The ob
btions of our treaty with Mexi
(;.aswell as the general princi
jes which govern our intercourse
liih foreign powers require us to
maintain a strict neutrality to the
1 contest which now agitates a por-
tbnof that Republic. So long
a Mexico fulfills her duties to us
a they are defined by the treaty,
nd violates none of the rights
which are secured to it by our cit
'.uns, any act on the part of the
Government of the United States,
which would tend to foster a spirit
of resistance to the govertnent and
hs, whatever may be their char
actt r or form, when administered
within her own limits and jurisdic
tion, would be unauthorised and
liily improper. A scrupulous
wise of these obligations has pre
vented me thus far from doing any
tiling which can authorise the
suspicion that our government is
Ganiindful of them, and I hope to
lc equally cautious and circum
spect in all my future conduct,
his in reference to these obliga
tions that the requisition of Gen
ial Gaines, in the present in
tonce, must be considered, and
'ess there is a strong necessity
''fit.it should not be sanctioned.
Should this necessity not be man
' toted, when it is well known that
J'e disposition to befriend the
-fexians is a common feeling
the citizens of the United
tes, it is obvious that requisi
'nraay furnish a reason to Mex
,co) for supposing that the Gov
tfiimeiu of the United States may
induced by inadequate causes,
tu overstep the lines of the neu
trality which it professes to main
tain. Before I left Washington, Gen.
Raines intimated lo the Depart
ment of War, that some indica
t'ons of hostilities from the Indians
n our Western frontier had been
lnade,and that if it became neces
f7ry, he would make a call for the
Yn- He had also informed
l!le Apartment of his ill health,
n tl In onilda
'! a IUI IIHIW IU V .1 U U I V
:,in w visit the
While Sulphur
prinjnjs.
1 directed the Secreta-
ry uf War to grant him the fur-
'"S", and to inform him of the
arpoiaimeut which iud been
made of the 1 0,000 militia under
the recent volunteer act; and if
the emergency should arise which
would make it necessary to in
crease the force under his com
mand, that a thousand volunteers
in Arkansas, and another in Mis
souri, raised agreeably to this act,
would be enrolled and held ready
for the service.
This force, aided by the por
tions of the Dragoon regiments
that would be stationed in that
quarter, and those of the regular
army already there, were deemed
amply sufficient for the protection
of the frontier near to the Indians
referred to. There are no rea
sons set forth in the requisition
which the General has since made
upon you, to justify the belief that
the forre above enumerated will
be insufficient, and I cannot, there
fore, sanction it at the present
time. To sanction that requisi
tion for the reasons which accom
pany it, would warrant the belief
that it was done to aid Texas, and
not from a desire to prevent an
infringement of our territorial or
national rights.
I deeply regret that the Ten
nessee volunteers, whose prowess
and patriotism are displayed so
promptly on all occasions that
threaten the peace or safety of
their beloved country, have been
called out on this occasion with
out proper consideration they
can for ihe present only be mus
tered into the service and dis
charged. If there are funds ap
propriated out of which they can
be paid, an order to this effect will
be given.
The ten thousand volunteers
authorised under the late act of
Congress are intended for one
years service, ana must be em
ployed to meet all necessary calls
for the defence of our frontier
borders. Should there be occa
sion for a greater number on the
western frontier the call would be
made on Ohio, Kentucky, Indi
ana, and Illinois. There is, how
ever, no information to justify the
apprehension of hostilities, to any
serious extent, from the western
Indians. Should a necessity a
rise, ihe volunteer Brigade from
ICast Tennessee will be ordered to
the Western frontier as soon as
their service can be dispensed
with, where they now are em
ployed. 1 would barely add further, that
the authority given you by the or
der of the 4th of May hav ing been
satisfied by yielding lo the requi
sition of Gen. Gaines, a new au
thority from the Department of
War was necessary to authorise
you to comply with that of the
28th June. The Government of
the U. S. having adopted in re
gard to Mexico and Texas the
same rule of neutrality which had
been observed in all similar cases
before, it was not to have been
expected that Gen. Games should
have based this requisition for
additional military on reasons
plainly inconsistent with the obli
gations of that rule.
Should Mexico insult our na
tional flag, invade our territory,
or interrupt our citizens, in the
lawful pursuits which are guaran
teed to them by the treaty, then
the government will promptly
repel ihe insult, and take speedy
reparation for the injury. But it
does not seem that offences of this
character have been committed
by Mexico, or were believed to
have been by Gen. Gaines.
I am very respectfully,
Your ob't servant,
ANDREW JACKSON.
f lis Excellency N Cannon,
Governor of Tennessee.
P. S. Before closing this let
ter, the documents referred to by
the acting Secretary of War as
having been transmitted to me,
have been received.
A.
Mr. Van Buren's answer to the
Queries ofSherrod Williams, Esq.
of Ky. The Albany Argus of
the 16th inst., contains the corres
pondence between Mr. Van Buren
and a Kentucky whig interroga
tor, a delegate in Congress from
that State. Mr. V. B. answers
"frankly, plainly and fully," most
elaborately indeed, every question
put to him by Mr. W. The que
ries relate 1st, to the signing
and approving 'a Bill to distribute
Uie Surplus Revenue; 2nd, to
the signing and approving a Bill
distributing the proceeds of the
sales of the Public Lands; 3d, to
the signing and approving a Bill
making appropriations to improve
navigable rivers above Ports of
Entry; 4lh, to the signing and
approving a Bill for chartering a
National Bank; 5th, as lo what
are Mr. Van Buren's opinions on
the Expunging Question. All
these topics are treated by Mr Van
Buren in the most simple, straight
forward manner possible; yet do
we predict that his responses will
not escape Y big cavil and tortu
ous misrepresentation. His per
fect frankness in replying to all
Mr. T,s. queries, will be constru
ed into an electioneering trick of
the Magician; and although he
has committed himself in every line
of his long and able reply, yet will
his opponents in the South aver,
that he is altogether non-committal,
or that having committed him
self, he ought not to be relied
upon, because he is a Northern
man, or for some other reason
equally shallow and frivolous.
Pet. Con.
We regret that our limits will
not permit the introdutiou of Mr.
Van Buren's letter entire, but we
cannot refrain from inserting that
portion of it relating to the "Sur
plus revenue," which no doubt
will meet the unqualified sanction
of the demporacy of the country,
as well as his opinions on the oth
er subjects, which heretofore have
been brought befpre the public
it is as follows: Ed. Press.
"The first of these subjects re
lates to the propriety of a Jaw for
the distribution of the surplus rev
enue of the United States among
the states, according to their fed
eral population, for internal im
provements, education, and such
other objects as the legislatures of
the states may see fit to apply the
same.
In my opinion, Congress does
not possess the power, under the
constitution, to raise money for
distribution among the states; and
if a distinction can be maintained
between raising money for such
purpose, and the distribution of an
unexpected surplus, of which 1
am not satisfied, I think it ought
not to be attempted without a pre
vious amendment of the constitu
tion, defining the authority and
regulating its exercise. Appre
hending danger to the Union from
the course of federal legislation
upon the subject of internal im
provements, ana tearing that it
could not otherwise be arrested, I
wa9 inclined, at the commence
ment of President Jackson's ad
ministration to favor the idea of a
distribution annually among the
states, of the surplus revenue, and
an amendment of the constitution
confering on Congress authority
to make it. President Jackson,
entertaining similar apprehen
sions, submitted suggestions to
this effect to the consideration of
congress. They met with appro
bation in some quarters, but were
denounced in others, with extra
ordinary severity, as encouraging
a policy particularly unjust and
ruinous, to a portion of the Union,
and subversive of the principles
upon which it was founded. Time
and circumstances have worked
changes of opinion on the subject,
from which mv own mind has not
been exempted. The intelligence
and patriotism of the people prov
ed adequate to the desired reform,
in the legislation of congress upon
the subject of internal improve
ments, without resorting to the
proposed distribution: and the ex
perience of the last session has fub
ly satisfied rne of the impropriety
of any such measure. "The sup
port of the state governments in
all their rights, as the most com
petent administration of our do
mestic concerns, and the surest
bulwarks against anti-republican
tendencies;" and "the preservation
of the general government, in its
whole constitutional vigor, as the
sheet anchor of our peace at home
and safety abroad," were describ
ed by Mr. Jefferson as among the
essential principles of our govern
ment, which ought always to
shape its administration. -The
experience of more than thirty
years has attested the wisdom and
justice of these sentiments and it
behooves those who are entrusted
with the management of public
affairs, to beware how they disre
gard the admonition. They who
can yet allow themselves to hope
that these great principles can be
maintained under the operation of
any of the proposed systems ol
distribution, have looked upon
the signs of the limes in a different
light from myself. It is my firm
conviction, that an)' system by
which a distribution is made a
mong the states, of moneys col
lected by the federal government,
would introduce vices into the
legislation of both governments,
productive of the most injurious
effects, as well upon the best in
terests of the country, as upon the
perpetuity of our political institu
tions. 1 sincerely hope, therefore,
that the good sense and patriotism
of the American people will pre
vent the adoption of any such
plan. TheDeposite Bill (recent
ly passed) will remove any pre
tence of a speed)' necessity for
such a step, and give time to pro
vide against the recurrence of a
redundance of revenue. It would,
indeed, be a great misfortune, if
that law were regarded by the
country as pledging the future
course of its legislation lo the pol
icy to which you refer. The cir
cumstances under which it was
passed, were of an extraordinary
character, and cannot well again
occur. To give a legislative or
ganization to the fiscal agency
for the collection and disburse
ment of the public revenue, which
had been established through the
Treasury Department by Execu
tive authority, as a substitute for
that of the Bank of the United
States, was an object of the very
highest importance. It was the
successful winding up of the most
arduous conflicts between the well
understood will of the people on
the one side, and the moneyed
power of the nation acting in con
cert with a formidable political
power on the other, that has ever
taken place, certainly that has
ever resulted in the triumph of the
popular will in any country. To
accomplish this bv the assent of
i
all parties, to make all responsible
fjir the future working of the sys
tem, by consulting liberally their
opinions aud wishes in its forma
tion, and to put an end to those
fierce and incessant assaults upon
the management of the fiscal af
fairs of the government, by means
of which every interest was dis
turbed, was a result which could
not be loo ardently desired. The
President had for several sessions
called the attention of congress to
this subject without effect; and
the opposition party in congress,
by availing itself of partial diver
sities of opinion among the friends
of the administration, acquired the
power to prescribe conditions to
its final settlement. That to
which their demands were ulti
mately reduced, was a distribution
of the deposites of a portion of the
pnblic moneys among the states.
After ineffectual efforts in both
houses, on the part of the great
mass of the supporters of the gov
ernment in each, to separate thaU
part of the bill which provided for
the regulation of the Deposite
Banks from the sections which
made a different disposition of the
surplus revenue, the friends of the
administration, differing among
themselves in regard to details and
construction, t6t
general object in
with the same!
view, yielded
their support, by large majorities,
to the bill in the modified form in
which it came from the house of
representatives. The amendment
of the house, although it did not
strip the bill of all its dangerous
tendencies, made an essential
change in its character in respect
to the question of constitutional. -
ty. In its previous form, it took
the money by appropriation out
of ihe Treasury, and thereby ne
cessarily raised the question, vvhe-
ther the use which was proposed
to be made of it, was amongst the
"expenditures" authorised by the
federal constitution. By the bill,
as amended, no money is drawn
from the Treasury, but the state
treasuries, like the state banks,
are, to a limited extent, made pla-
ces of deposite;
of the constitu
tional power to do which, with ihe
consent of ihe stales, there can be
no question. The President, as
suming, as he was bound by a pro
per respect for the institutions of
the country to do,' that good faith
would be kept in the dealings
which it authorised between the
federal and state governments,
gave his assent to the measures.
1 would have given lo the bill a
similar direction, if it liad become
my duty to decide on the question
of its passage or rejection, it
now remains for Public Opinion,
tothe efficacv of which Ave all
have so much reasons to look with j t0 atlracl attention jts singular
confidence aud hope, to deter-. He was discovered the next
mine the character of ihe ultimate I da3' ,n h,s rooni about noon, in
results to be expected from it.!asateof stupor, occasioned by
That the subject is of the first im-,,,s l,av,nS swallowed a heavy
portance, all must admit; and I ! dose of Laudanum. Physicians
participate fully in the opprehen- j xvere immediately called in, and
sions so extensively entertained 1 ever' eflorl wa made to relieve
and so freely expressed as to ils ; his system by th use of the Stom
eflects. But I do not despair: V-pump, &c. but all in vain.
Often as we have seen our politic- He was 100 far Bone 10 be bee
al horizon overcast with portent- I "tied by medical aid. A letter
otvs clouds, and the safe conduct of. couched m most aflectionate lan
public affairs beset by combination jSaSei addressed lo his mother
which, to all appearance, could 111 Joi,es county, was found in the
not be overcome, we have never roon, 10 wh,ch lie aPPr,zeS lier r
yet seen the lime when those ,,,s intention, and advises her to
doubts, and difficulties were not I remove to Alabama. He assigns'
finallv and satisfactorily cleared I no mollve for l,,e act, but we find
away" bv the operation of t,is i the opinion pretty generally pre
powerful" corrector. Such, I : va,ent whether well or ill-found-doubt
not, will be the result now; ed we know not, that he had, by
and such, in the nature of things, ! some means, lost his money, and
must it alwavs be. as lone as' the
people are uncorrupted and our
institutions free. Prejudice, pas
sion and selfishness, may rule the
hour, and give a direction to pub
lic questions, when the controlling
power rests in a single head, or
in a few individuals whose posi
tion exempts them from the inju
rious effects of official errors; but
this can seldom happen, when
that power exists only, as is the
case with us, in the great body of
well informed and virtuous com
munities, who are to bear ihe con
sequences, whether for good or
for evil, of public measures. It is
now for the majority of ihe people
to decide whether the measure re
ferred to, shall only be tolerated
as a temporary expedient, forced
upon the country by a conjunction
of extraordinary circumstances,
and rendered less objectionable in
consequence of its effect in remov
ing beyond ihe reach of party
conteniion and factious misrepre
sentations, disturbing questions in
relation to the public moneys, at
a momenrwhen the public mind
is, from other causes, peculiarly
liable to be unduly influenced by
sinister and unfounded imputa
tions; or, whether the distribution
of the public deposits, shall be the
parent and fore runner of future
distributions of the public reve
nue. That the decision of this
interesting question will be hon
estly made, we all know, and 1 do
not doubt that it will also be wise
ly made. I hope, and believe,
that the public voice will demand,
that this species of legislation shall
terminate with the emergency that
produced it; that early and efli-
cunt steps
will be taken to pre-
j vent the recurrence
of a slate of
things calculated lo furnish an ex
cuse for any measure of distribu
tion, by the adoption of the only
natural, safe and just remedy for
an excess of revenue, a reduction
of the taxes, effectual in its result?,
equitable in its details, and wisely
adapted to the circumstances of the
country; that we shall be content
to continue the action of our com
plicated but admirable system of
government, state and federal, in
ihe course that has conducted our
1 country to its present palmy stale
j of prosperity and renown; aud
j shall eschew in future ihose
; schemes of improvement in their
j administration, which the country
is from time to time inundated, the
results of which, to say the best
Jof them, are extremely hazardous,
and which loo often have quite as
much in view the individual ad
vantage of the projector as the
good of the nation." ( :
Suicide. A melancholy case
of Suicide occurred in this City
on Friday last. An individual
by ihe name of Charles Green ar
rived at Guion's Hotel on Thurs
day, to all appearance considera
bly tinder the influence of JKjuor.
He visited a gentleman of his ac
quaintance in town, and arranged
some business with him, Jiisde-
Pon,ueni nowever, ueing sucn as
i In a 11101 aesperauou resolved oa
self-destruction. His body was
decently interred in the City bu
ry ing-ground. Raleigh Reg.
CWe are pleased to learn
that the appointment of Chief En
gineer to ihe Fayetteville and
Salisbury Rail Road, North Car
olina, has been offered to Major.
McNiel, of the U. S. Army, a na
tive of that State, and a gentle
man who has rendered himself al
ready so deservedly oisiinguishd
in the direction of similar works
of internal improvement, with
which he has been intrusted, or
has brought to successful opera
tion in the northern part of the.
United States.- JV. Y. Star.
Editorial Change. Thomas
Ritchie, Esq. is again the sole
Editor and Proprietor of the
Richmond Enquirer; a Journal,
to which his fine political talents,
and his irreproachable private
character, have given a weight
and influence among his fellow
men, from which envy has essay
ed in vain to detract, and which
malice has as vainly essayed lo
injure. Petersburg Con.
i