r,
MW
!
1
Y!ioh:
-3-
7 V,
uvltorouh. (Ldfecomhe County, J CJ zalurduy, December 19. islO
M. II
'KLT9 '. MArAOWVT-' ' --rri.1UXMCm: . ' . . ------ - . . -
-
z& nvxSL ia&? "y
i.zv x :ir;:93':!T 1 r ;: ;.
nv nr.ou.m now Ann,
Is nah'islie.I wvoklv .it V,c ),i! t -? 7-;,?
f",a' j" r v.'.tr. 1 p ii ,1 1:1 a I
IlnH-'.rs at l!i1 expiration of the r
I'.-r r.n -"real h th.et a
,v;.'.v in r M'Mith. NtiUsori'.-ers
r ee-e -or, ,
dw nation your
.tie at. liberty t
ii'oiitiiaif' at arty fii't', a r..-,i;
thrr
tr
i i -vi!-t arrt-ar.s t!usi! r--a tiaj at a utstaac
.n".-l iiivnrutiny p 1 v in .i.i v.i iir;', or
.-, j i irnc; in vats virmit v.
Ai'.vcrti.viuriit.s not oxtvi'diatjr a f5tnre wiil h
...... 1 r (i::r Dull'ir I hi ilrl iirr!, .
v ,.:,.,..,.,.., i ... ' .:;. ;:' !
.,.,- i- h!: pro.x.rti.m. Coart Orders an 1 .f,i-j
;.;.,! ,.:, ..iti, :ii.iit :" nrr ! . in.r'wr a i!
v,-rus-:.i.-uio mi m. lie tuar.Mi uic miai.t. t 01 1 a-;
' . ' , , . . . . I
Itj'l, t -P, U!,,il i
odtfTwit
.II I - ' I F . 14 .I'll I
fa-tti 1- ;t Id re -'Jd h t't-
iVHt'ir lllttst :n
paid ur tin y may iiot!e aa-n
.ho.
-i- vrt i ? 1.
MESSAGE OF 'J':!!' rili:S!!)EX!
The foh'ovving Mirsv from the Prci
dent of t!ie United St itcs vi rep'-ive
In' Mr. Van Baron, ' is i-'iivit Socrotarv
Fellow Cthy.s of th S?ni!
til " r 1 1
una iimis;o iC-jrc-n' .:
Our
: t 1
"o So
v ''o:i-
in v i!n-
'.UTr fir
our hid ve
i rlt.ndes nf an-!
C ::i:ilrv.
er ve if , r':
z-k-' li'essiers of hediii, J;I-?1
a 1
. .....
;n .. u.
S turn lu-i tins iavo-ed 1 1 1 ; l o.-ea so "e 5-!
1
,:.!! exempted fro :i the i 5 ,,f d;s
tiv, or tl.e laoor oi the hn-hmdma ; snore
:i;;i)!y reivarded; ,v 1 necr htf.r
j.ivc o'ir relations with o'h r c..tudrips
rj?e:a place,
that wo'ic'i
1 on a more f ,v u able h
is s 'in
:cv so h ippi' v oi-cnov iv. the
(r.ticii ro .j in n ire in th.- a a; ' t. .
1
wo;! I. A r'tdd and perse . a rirtij; ablin
niee fr.vn ad ine! ferrn -e wiih tiie domes'
tic and political n lations of ot her sla'e-
r.-rt r rT . .
al.ke da totaegcnu,sai:dd,sunc.,yeclur atnl complic ;c .teg. tiai ions involving theip -ct,the Federal Government occupies a
,(VTolo:-r (. rrernment and to th pr;o terriuirial lights of a State, that I U ought i, ! -egul rly fortunate and truly enviable po
rip.es fywhtch ,t ?s ducted; a fa.thlulob m d,y s ,OU have been h.fo. ;c on a Mliun.
like (Ur to the crnius ai d di
sTvanre, in in- uianaetretii o: out lorei u
ixdattonc. of the practice f sp-a'-ing plain
ly, (k'aiirg ju-t!y, :iml terpjiiing trutli and
i i-'re ir; return, as the best cooserv ati v s
cfihe peace of nations; a strict imparti.dity
i:i our manifestations of friendship, in the
ronmeroi.d privileges we concede, and
tajse we n quire from others; these, ac
companied by a disposition as prompt to
miintasn, in every emergency, our own
rights, as we are from principle averse
to the invasion of those of others, have
given to our country and Govern
ment a standing in the great family of
rations, of which ve have just cause to be
po et, and ihe advantage of which are ex
perienced by our ciiiz ens throughout every
P attinn of the earti) to which their enter
pnsir.g.and adventurous spirit may e irrv
:!; '" Few, if any remain insensil.de, to
t ealue of our friendslrp, or ignorant
t't the tenv.s on whicls it can be acquired,
''.I , by which it. can alone he t:recrved.
A s-l ies of quest i :is of long s'an
s" '
fi ! .11 t m tiliili' .I'M;! 'iiriit 1 si I i i . t , it -i t I
a ? '' ' " mill.
i'. t r c : r consequences, in which the rights
t! i':ir cit;."!is and the bono;- of the country
fc'Co'dteply involved, have iu the cour-e
f.a a t'tw yers. (the m )t of them duriag
t successful adoihiisttat'on of my imme
'"i!c predecessor,) inten hi ought to a s-.tis
1 ;o- conclusion ;and t he most imoorlai.t o i
. . - u 1 1 ia 1 , id 1 li man iicia s auu o i in cu 1 1 tes,
r-'WremammgateJam happy to believe, a ,re;ity of commerce a.H navigation be
o ala.r wayol being speediiy and satistac- ,.Vecn the Unhcd Slates ami Portugal,
!W ViUJm!V (l' r , .1 . wns f:011,jtl,1cd and signed at Lisbon onihe
wh ah the powers of he tvorhl onr rcla- ',0th of August last, by the pleuipoten
'i,:iS 'rS ,hnSe ol h05V,':il)!c Pf:u'e- S:nce liariesofthetwo Governments. hsstipu
: raujoe.rnnieni,! oth,nt:eriouslv.so(eur- atious are founded upon those principles
-u to mterrun. or lhnat.cn this de,rahle 1 nf mt.tual liberality ae.d advantage which
'""'V- nciou.ish.ve lowered above,
,v",,,- '"t,r tu ""
put .e.itous Mian tws upon our tiappy
s::or,.s- I'Oisnd b no entangling alliances,
et naked by a common nature and inter
et Vi'i" other nations of tnank'nd, our
sd"ia!io.; ;:r( ror ., pr,sf .rvflti,.M ()f K;;u;t..
1 whoso 5 did a:;.l ci.ilizing triumphs all'
- "y putn ipate widi a generous et
'(t it behooves us to he prepared
muhi'ion.
1 for nnv
. io lV2 soways ready to maintain
:',vMust .and enlightened principles of na
.''! intercourse, for which ibis Govern
n--it has ever contended. In the hoek of
nd'mg empires, it is only by assuming
i 1
olu'c hearing, and clothing them-
' "",V'b defensive armor, that neutral
.:U)'";i C,:1 maisdain their independent
Ti
.. nc f xilement winch grew out of the
1,! ;!id contro ersy between the United
" 1 : ' : 1 r I (Meat Britain having in a great
,'V!i" "ibsided, it is hoped that a favor
j. 'r ' p'-riod is approaching for its final sett'e
4 ' . ' h Governments must now be
I ''Sliced of the dangers with which the
?' 'i'iti is fraught; and it must be their de
1 " lls it is their interest, that this pcrpct
i 1 '"'eef irritation slionld be removed s
Ksn 5 as practicable. In my last Annual
','.'J you were informed tht the pro-
f"r a Commission of rvidm atmn :.nd
;Vc.Vpromited by Great Britain had been
ana that a counter project, inclu
a provision for the certain and
.J'ljuslment of the limits in dispute,
before the British Government
r . . .
1 i r its const ipniinn ti, r
1 m an'
that
fi
veru nvnt, aceomp miet
I by ad liticiri!
propositions of in own.
reived,
th
,,ic-
J.X" i :t lfnistrf not. t.vlin hi ms Ifsuf-
fteientir instrnetod otv.n i, t iu. .w,i.,t.
- , : , , . ,i - - . .. ....
rn'iTii it.. .)ii,.4.. ., .. !.,-....: i . . 1. . . . , - . r . . .
rtol 1 ' . . . . ' l" " "v.'i m,ui .ibiiiK's nit! nop lv.' inu !nfMi.1vcrn;?ifni r.a-.i tiv; resn hi- arv (-..km ,.frv..,.,,!:t.M
j.pisc ri.i.its oi Hi- United Mates a-wl ol th- ol an early adjustment of the remaiuin- lion and the a!i!itv to adhere in evr-n IJi n" -,,,,':' V, ,1,'lir.hl,. on t
j Mate ol Maine, concurred in, and t!,e rea- c!aio,S upon . hat (iovernmc.t. ee.ev, to tl,o ac,ed obligation, ofLo th nX V. i 'p:'- n h ' I :
j sons tord.entms from the rei iue, udth The commissioners appointed in nursn- hnv; io vx'-ciVe alt ils contracts i,ceordinK acion ofTlu- F "o a' ( ovennenM p -V
i 'l!tt.)n:tl su.estion on our ,.rt, eiumrn. ;? .ce of the convention between the United to t1;. r o':in:ments of the CoMStilulion.-l wiihi,. i . . . ! i : , . . ' ' : i !
I'eJ Dv the ecretarv of Sr to i S!:,f ,.q .,d ' r, .....!.; :..i. i i ,. .1 .1 ' . , .. . , ' ! , " " " '"
1 .u.sen 1 ;t t e d iscn-io ., ltd? it lo h-j iiish'irvcyed and establisheil the whale extent
',Uty h Vhv the n'tt.rtohiso.vn)vem.!of boundary North alon- the ' Western
j ll J
..V-.l. I l , (.1 111 a" It M'-l.s'l M tl .IT I...
il?n ii- 1 1 L 1 :. . 11
. - ii v ni ;
10 v ba.jsi fo,. s.rn;? t;rne n; ,. j,.. a .v.st..
!ii?nt, a sjeedy ans.ver miV S,o onli lently
' xp'del. Ftotn ih- chirader of th
;v)!ntss'i!l in difference, and the ii'vionbt-
1 !i-j .Mtion of both ptrti s t- h;i:ii; the
matter to an early c;:i.:luion, I 1 aok '"'with
entire confidence to 1 pro. not m 1 satisfac
tory termin ition of the finrti:iti n. Threv
commissioners w. re appoint . honly a1'
:er the a !j Mirnment of Con vs, tinder the
ii't ol the last session providing for t i it-j
xpi n-aiion and survev of the ho.- whih
parttcs ih? States of M tin.- & Se.vll imp-
i- r .1 t... .
-nire irom ine lintish ihovni-e--; tin
n.ive hCi.n active v emn over intil tluir
!.l:n o! .... 1
process was interrupu a'l by the inclem-
ciii'v of me season
.-i
and will loun e their
i h -,r w 1 ,
' ) n 3 as oon as pi atii-ane 1:1 tlie ensiiiiitr
v"ar.
li is 1111 !t:i55nod iiiat their respective
examin hions wiil imow nt;w pht upon the
suhjoct in controversy, an I serve to re
al vo any erroneo ;s imprrs-ion wh"ch ma
hive he n made els where ptej.idiiid to
t.h" ri'nts of ihe Uiiin (1 State-.' It was,
anions other re aso.is, wi ll a view of pre
venting t ha cud) r':-snienls which in our
peciiiur 'V'c ii 01 uovet iinu-nt, imtied.
prove u-t I'Civsiiiii
to Di on
ist Government, tin
1
I' ' ' iin: 1 ) i I L- :
ootih its .Mini-U r at
a!iin-,!oo. that early icps should l)e ta j
ken to .nlju-t ttie p; i:ds of difference on ihe!
line of !K)undary from the ent-auce oi Lake j
Superior to the most northwe-tein pointoft
the Lake ol the Woods, b the arbitral ion !
ot a friendly power, in conformity with the
seventh at tide of the treaty of Ghent.
No answer has ct been returned by the
Uritish Government to this proposition.
With Austria. France, Fru.-sia, Russia,
and the remaining powers of Europe, I
am happy to infotm you our relations con
linuc to be of the most friendly character.
With IJelgium, a treaty of commence and
navigation, baed upon liberal prineiphs
of reciprocity and equality, was c meluch d
in March lat, and having been iatif;ed by
the Belgian Government, will be dufv
Idd before the Senate. It is a subject ot 'j currence, made, to a great extenl, una
congra'uLtien that it provides for the satis- vailable the principal part of the public
i.a tojy adjustment ot a long Matniiiig j
que -lion of controversy, ?hu; 1 emoving the
only obstacle wdneh could cbtiuct the
friendly and mutually ad v ant ,g-'ous inter
coursc between the two nations. A mes
senger has been despatched with the Han
overian treaty to Ihrlin, where, according
to stipulation, the 1 a? i(;cati( us are to bcjtbo revenue thus produced, two and a
exchanged. 1 am happy to announce to
, r, 1 .. . . . . 1 1 ,y
the United States have always sought to
mase the Das s ot tln ir intercourse with
foreign poweis; and it. is h jped they w ill
tend to foster and slreng'iicn'the commer
cial inUreour.se of the t wo countries.
Under the apptop. hdion of the last .ses
sion of Congress, an .gent lias been sunt to
Germany, lor Ihe purpose of piomosing
the interests of our tobacco trade.
Tiie Commissioners appointed under the
convention for the adjusunent of claims ol
citizens of the United Slates upon Mexico
having met and organized at Washington,
in August h,st, the papers it, the possession
of the Government, relating to those
claims, were communicated to the Board.
The claims not embraced by that Conven
tion are now the subject f negotiation be
tween the two Governments, throu di ihe
medium of our Minister at Mexico. "
Nothing has occurred to disturb the
harmony of our relations w ith the different
Governments cf South America. I regret
however to be obliged to inform 3 ou tiro
the claims of our citizens upon the late
Republic of Colombia have not yet been
satisfied by the separate Government;, into
which il has been resolved.
The Charge d'Affiires at Brazil havin
expressed the intention of his Government
not to prolong the treaty of 12S, it. will
cease to be obligatory upon eh her patty
on the 12th day of December, 18-11, when
ihe extensive commercial intercourse be
tween the U. S. and that vast empire will
no longer be regulated by express stipulations.
It aifonls me pleasure lo communicate
you lliat !hc Government of Chili ha-'
! to
jcntcrrtl into an agreement to imhmiriilV
j ry hotvvecn tlicm, have, accord ing to the
: I tonnr' i.nnn;..A,i r.....
wvn uunium l.uilMill3.lllln;i,
!an!; of the Sabine river, from its entrme
ihto the Gulf of Mexico to the thirtv--eeond
degree of North latitude. The
commission adjourned on the lGth of June
last, '0 re assemble on the 1st of November,
for the purpose of establishing accurately
the intersection of thethir v-second derive
of 1 ititude with the Western bank of the
Sabine, and the meridian line thence lo
It-driver. It is presumed ih it the work
will tie concluded in the present season.
1 h present sound condition of their
u vinc-es, and the success with which em
birrassmeuts in regard lo them, at times
pptrenily insurmountable, have been
overcome, are matters up m which the
p -op!e and the Government ot the United
S;ates may well congratulate themselves.
An overflowing Treasury, however it
m .y be legardcd as an evidence of public
proj).:rity, is seldom conducive lo tin
permanent welfare of any people; and ex
pericnee has demonstrated its incompati
bd.iy with the salutary ac'ion of political
ie.s'i u'ions like those of the United States.
0 r saf.-t r liaecefor financial t'tTicieney
and independence has, on the contrary.
be( n found to exist in ample resources
unencumbered with debt ; and, in this res
Wlrm I entered upon the discharge of
ollici
',,....1.1,.,:...,;., ,M I. 100-f .1 .
Tor the distribution of the surplus revenue
-v:s in a course of rapid execution. Nearly
'u- nty-t ight millions of dollars of the
public moneys were, in pursuince of its
provisions, deposited with the Stales in
imnn ui .iaicn. in.j. uie act
the months of January. April and July, of
that year. In May there occurred a gener
al suspension of specie payments by the
hanks, including, with vei v few excep
tions, those in which the public moneys
were deposited, and upon whose fidelity
Government had unfortunately made itself
dependent for the revenues which had
been collected from the people, and were
indispensable to the public service. This
susnensjon and the excesses in hmLioor
and commerce out ol winch it arose, and
wdiieb were greatly aggravated by its oc-
money then on hand; suspended the col-
1; cnon or many millions accruing on mer
chants' bonds, and greatly reduced the re
venue arising from customs and the prtlilic
I mds. These effects have continued to
operate, in various degrees, to the present
1 , r 'ii
period; and, in addition to the decrease in
halfmiilions of 'duties have been relin
quished by two biennial reductions under
the net of 1833, and probably as much
more upon the importation of iron for rail
roads, by special legislation.
Whilst such lias been our condition for
the last four years in relation to revenue,
we have during the same period, been sub
j.erted to an unavoidable continuance of
large extraordinary expenses neccssaril v
growing out of past transactions, and which
coukl not br; immediately arrested without j
great prej-dicc to the public interest. Of j
thuse. tiie chanre 110011 the Treasurv. in
cosrsequence of the Cherokee treaty alonp,!
1 - ' !
wdthcut adverting to others arising out of
Indian treaties, has already exceeded five
millions of dollars; that for the prosecu
tion of measures for the removal of the
Seminole Indians, which were found in
progress, has been nearly fourteen millions;
and the public buildings have required
the unusual sum of nearly three millions.
It affords me, however, great pleasure
to b - .ible to say, that, from the commence
ment of this period to the present day,
every demand upon the Government, at
home or abroad, has been promptly met.
This has been done, not onlyr without
creating a permanent debt, or a resort to
additional taxation in any form, but in the
midst of a steadily-progressive reduction of
existing burdens upon the people, leaving
still a considerable balance of available
funds which will remain in the Treasury
i.t the end of the year. The small amount
of Treasury notes, not exceeding four and
a half millions of dollars, still outstanding,
and less by twenty-thr ee millions than the
United States have in deposite with the
Slates, is composed of such only as are not
yet due, or have not been presented for
payment. They may he redeemed out of
the accruing revenue, if the expenditures
do not exceed the amount within which
they may, it is thought, be kept without
7 .... v. ' " ' " ' I 11.1.' I I I I ',-1 , ! . I I II I .'L I it V II I I . . ill '.' l
anl ti e re
i i'iti v biantici) cd.
as lame as maV
pri;iHco to tho puMic ir.trct.
venue shall prove to he as lar
rad ving paint by which the business of the j lions for obj. y . i,:.iitl (l to be conMeu
wholti cmntry niiiiht be brought back to n ional, and the r.-.-enditsire of them a!.-o
safe
an
1 unvarying Stan 'ard a result
v 1 1 ;i 1 1 y important as well 10 the interests as!
to me people. 1 nr-re can surely now
no dih.'ri nci.' of opinion in regard to
:...!..! i .1 . 111
lucoeuione tvns inai wottiu na e arisen 11
the Government at that critical moment, I confidence they 1 epose in the political smt
had snfif-red it.-clf to be de'erred from up j timunts of 'hose they select as their rente-
ho!di!)g the omy true standard ol value,
eitlierby th" pressure of adverse circum
stances or the violence of unmerited de
nuncittion. The manner in which the
people sustained t!;e performance of this
dutv was h;gh!y honorable to their f.-rti-tu
de and patriotism. It cannot fail to
stimalate tin ir agents to adlvre, under alt
circumstances, to t he line of duty; and to
satisfy them of the safety widi which a
course real l v right, and demanded by a
financial crisis, may, in a community like
ours, !) puru al, however apparently se
vere its immediate operation.
The policy of the Federal Government,
in ex'ingui:diing as rapidly the national
deb", ami, su!)Sequentf)', in resisting every
cmpt it ioii to create a new one, cU'serves
to be regarded in ihe same favorable light.
Among the many objections to a national
ebt, the certain tendency of public securi
ties to concentrate ultimately in the eoffeis
of foreign stockholders, is one wdtich is
evesy da gdh ring streng'h. Already
have the resources of many f the States,
and the future industry of iheir citizens,
been indefinitely mortgaged to tiie subjects
of European Governments, to the amount
ol twelve millions annuaiiy, to pay the
constantly accruing interest on borrowed
money a sum exceeding half the ordin
ary revenues of the whole United States.
The pretext wiiiehtlrs relation affords to
foreigners to scrutinize the management of
our domestic affairs, if not actually to inter
meddle with them, presents a subject for
earnest attention, not to say of serious
alarm. Fortunately, the Federal Govern
ment, with the exception of an obligation
entered into in behalf of the District of
Columbia, which must soon be discharged,
is wholly exempt from any such embar
rassment. It is also, as is believed, the
only government which, having fully and
faithful!) paid a!! its creditors, htis :.ho re
lieved iiseif entirely from debt. To main-
tain a distinction so desirable, and so lion-
orable to our national character, should be
an object ot earnest solicitude. Never!
should a free people, if it be possible to a-
void it. expose themselves to ihe necessity
of having to treat of the peace, the honor,
or the safe'y of t he Republic, with the trust claims, will probably not exceed ivven
Governments of foreign creditors, who, ; ty-two and a half million; being between
however well disposed they n.a he to j t wo and three millions less than those of
cultivate with us in general Yrieeudy itla-jlSoT. Nor has it been found necessary,
tions, are nevertheless, by the law of their I in order to produce this result, to resort
own condition, made hostile to the success! to the power confi ned by Congress, of
rtnd p. rmanencv of political institutions postponing-certain classes of the public
!.. . . . 1 .1 ir : .1:1
like ours. Most humiliating may be the
embarrassments consequent upon such a
condition. Another objection, scarcely
less formidable to the commencement of a
new debt, is its inevitable ttiuh ncv to in
crease in magnitude, and to foster national
! extravagance. Ho has been an unprofitable
I observer of event, who ne ds at this day to
! oe admonished of the difficulties which a J
Government, naoauaii) neptnueni on
loans to sustain its ordinary expenditures,
has to encounter in resistingthe intktnces
On
constantly exerted in favor of additional
. . . 1 -i.i
1
loans;
by capitalists, who enrich them-
b- fliivprnrneiit .'securities for n-
selves ivy
s much exceeding ihe money they
v advance a prolific source' ef-in-
mounts
actuall
dividual aggrandizement in all borrow ing
countries; by stockholders, wh seek their
gains in the rise and fall of public stocks;
and by the selfish importunities of appli
cants lor appropriations for works avowed
ly for the accommodation of the public,
but the real objects of which are, too fre
quently, the advancement of private inter
ests. The known necessity which so
many of the States will be under to impose
taxes for tire payment ofthc interest on
their deLls, furnishes an additional ana
very cogent reason why the Federal Go
vernment should refrain from creating a
national debt, by which ihe people would
be exposed to double taxation for a similar
object. We possess within ourselves am
ple resources for every emeigency, and
we may be quite sure thai our citizens,
in no futuie- exigency, vxiil he unwilling to
supply the Government uith all ihe means
asked for the defence of the country. In
time of peace there can, at all events be
no justification fur Ihe creation of a per
manent debt by the Federal Government
Its limited range of constitutional duties
certainly, under such circumstances, I
may
- ha pn for-rrd wit! out such a resort. It
: lias. If IS SPPri I i'i n orniJit rlnrm.r ..nt-
years of -ei'-r l' al ilifl'scultirs ihm liave
'V?. Ore, se. (;-(!!v. that .ill :)tni i ,ri.-
be sid)ject d to
' .d:.rd of rigid but vvdl-
considered an I ir--ctlcal economy. Ti;e
first depeuus c .a dy on ti e people theni-
seivcs, tne nniinim
i .1
iiK'v term ot the imw
. . .
j construction ol the l.ostiuition nt ii-
sentatives in th ' Federal Jegiilature; tl.fi
second rests upon th fidelity with widen
their more immediate representatives, and
other public f-inetionaries discharge the
trusts committed to tleni. The duty' ef
economizing t!io expenses of the public
service is admitted on all hands: vet thete
are few subject, upon which there exist j.
wider difference of opinion than is con
stantly manifested in regard to the fidelity
with which that duty is discharged. Nei
ther diversity of entiment, nor even nut.
tual recriminat :01s, upon a point-in respect
to which the public mind is so justly sen
sitive, can Widi be entirely avoided; and
h ast so at p: r u is of great political ex
citement. An. inulligent people, how
ever, seldom f.d to arrive, in the end, at
1 correct conclusions in such a matter.
practical economy in the management of
public affairs can have no adverse influence
to contend with more powerful than a.
large surplus revenue; and the unusually
large apptopriatiot.s for 1S37 may, with
out doubt, independently of the extraor
dinary requisitions for ihe public service
gt owing out of the slate of our Indian re
lations, be, in no .considerable degree,
traced to this source. The sudden and
rapid distribution cf the large surplus then
in the Treasury, and the equally sudden
and unprecedented severe revulsion in the
commerce and 1 usinesa of the country,
pointed with itiiening certainty to a great
and protracted reduction of the revenue,
strengthened she propriety of the earliest
practicable reduction of the public expen
ditures. But to change a system operating upon so
j large a surface, and applicable lo such nu
merous and diversified interests and objects,
w as more the v. crk cfaday. Tne at
tention of every department of the Gov
ernment was immediately, and in good
faith, directed to the end, and has been so
continued to the nrisent moment. The
estimates and appropriations for the year
1S3S (th" first over which 1 had any con-
troll were souk w hat diminished. The
expenditures of 130 were reduced six
millions of dollars. Thuse of IS 10 exclu
sive of disbursements of public debt and
works, except by deterring expenditures
for a short period upon a limited portion of
them; and which postponement lermina
some time since, at. the moment the Treas
ury D. partp e-it, by further receipts from
the indebted banks, became fully assured
of its ability to meet them without preju
dice to the public service in other respects.
Causes are in operation which will, it is.
!..: I :...-.ti".. . ..;!! f:.,-tl-,ri w.hiit!nri
1 oeitev eo, j 'si o y a .-lui iu.uivi v-,.v.w,
without injury to any important national
interest. The expences of sustaining the
troops employed in norma nav e nec i
I .!... It T,,.,llr rmltipod t a'niii I
grad.i,.!
the DCr?
ail V i'.iO ' 'HO twi.v.-..,
cvering . Hurts of the War Depart-
ment; and a re.e..b!e hope may be en
j tertained that the r.e-reity lor military op
erations
111 inar quarter win w o.i.-
Tbp removal of tiie Indians from within
our settled bo-de.s is nearly completed.
The pension !;s one of the heaviest charg
es upon the Tiea-my; isr pidly diminish
ing by death The mos costly ot our public
bu7i dings .'re cither finished, or nearly so;
ii; sateiy, promise our-
s. Ivr-s a continued xcmption from border
difficulties.
The available ha'ancc in the Trea-'try r.n
die firt oi Jau:: ::y next is estimated at one
million and a half of dollars. This sum,
wiih the expected receipts from all sour
ces during the next year, will, it is believ
ed, be sufficient to enable the Government
to meet every engagement, and leave si
suitable balance in the Treasury at the end.
of the year, if tl 0 r-rned al measures con
nected" with ihe costcms and the public
lands, heretofore it-commended, shall be
adopted, and the new appropriations by
Congress shall not carry the expenditures
beyond the official estimates.
The new system established by Con-
rcss for the safe keeping of ihe puohc mo-
ney, prescribing the kind of currency
to
r