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PAGE 6 , , ^
African Spotlight
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Dr. W.E.B.Dubois And
Pan-Africanism
In the first Pan-African conference,. Dr. Du Bois had this to
say "The problem of the 20th century is the problem of the color
line the relation of th^ black to the white races Qf men in Asia
and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea." The
worldwide problems of the black race since the turn of the
century have demonstrated to us that no statement could be mor
prophetic than Du Bois'.
Dr. Du Bois was born in-the U.S. in 1868 and he died in
Ghana, West Africa at the ripe age of 95 in 1963. He was one of
the founders of National Association for the Advancement of
Colored! People (NAACP). This organizatfon Ted the strupgle for
black Civil Rights in the U.S. He was author of many political
books, poetry and novels and edited the NAACP's journal called
"Crisis". Under his leadership alone four Pan-African
congresses were held.
The first of these conferences was held in Paris in 1919 to
coincide with the peace Conference of 1919. In his preparation,
he was helped by a Senegalese leader named M. Blaise Diagre, '
an outstanding spokesman for African people then under
French rule. There were 57 delegates to this conference and
they all spoke in the name of black people everywhere
demanding African rights. This conference served as the
message and the theme of the Parisan Conference.
The second congress organized by Du Bois spread over two
sessions.. One session in London and the second one in Lisbon;
= its message and theme was thafthe-habit of Democracy must be
made to encircle the world.
The third conference was also held in both London and
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Lisbon. Its message and theme was that 'in fire, we ask in all
the world that black folks be treated as men. We can see no
. other road to peace and progress."
The fourth and aonarentlv the last cnnfcfenrp nnH<>r r?f n?
A A ^ W * *
Bois was held in New York in 1927. After this conference there
was no other Pan-African congress that was recorded until 20
years.
During this lapse of 20 years there rose another black leader
of West Indian origin, Marcus Garvey who challenged Dr. Du
Bois and all he stood for as regards Pan Africanism. Dr. Kwame
Nkrumah of Ghana confessed that no man influenced him more
than Marcus Garvey among all the leaders of Pan-African
movement.
Marcus Garvey was the father of back to Africa movement
while Du Bois felt that blacks should fight to establish their
rights in "exile". Marcus Garvey raised a large sum of money
to establish the 'Black Star Line' which he said would transport
all blacks back to home to Africa. His enterprise failed and he
died almost neglected in London in 1940.
The conflict between Du Bois and Garvey was not sterile of
achievements because at this period, some African youths who
were travelling to Europe and the U.S.A. picked up the debate
on Pan-Africanism ana expanded on the issue.
mere soon rose the Negritude movement which simply put
means an intellectual revolution against all types of ctritiirs!
imperialism. Negritude was French African originated and said
in unmistakable terms that Africans must not be referred to as
Frenchmen.
The philosophy of Negritude, although taken from a literary
rather than in political point of view was the same as the
philosophy of Pan-Africanism-namely, THE UNITY OF BLACK
PEOPLE EVERYWHERE.
Warning: In the movement of black unity, let no one hurry to
reach conclusions because the movement of black unity is like a
baloon. What makes it fly is not its color but what is inside it.
For until the blacks the world over identify there common
problems, black unity now, as in the past, will be a frustrating
thirrg.
N.E.
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The Winston-Salem Chronicle
Lynch-Lowery Exchai
PP^ JMmhH^I^H
Mrs. Willie M. Lowery
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December 21, 1974
ige Vows
Ms. Willie Mae Lynch,
daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Jessie Thompson, was married
to Willie M.Lowery Sat.
Dec. 14 at White Rock Baptist
Church. ~ T ?
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NE 15th Street. Mrs. Janie
Durant was the maid of honor.
The bride,? wore a white
gown and vail trimmed in
silver.
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NQRIHSIDE I