http://www.thecharlottepost.com TOje CI;ax1otte THURSDAY AUGUST 31, 2006 LIFE Section Baby fat: when to worry about it THEASSOC/ATED PRESS New parents learn quickly liiat everyone has somethir^ to say about a pudgy baby, with remarks ranging from harmless (“Look at those chubby cheeks”) to hurtful (“Isn't he a little big for his age?’)- “I got comments all the time from my so-called friends,” says Lan Ma, recalling that her two children, as infants, had chipmunk cheeks and “rolls after rolls of flesh.” Ma, of Edgewater, N.J., ignored any su^estion liiat Thomas, now 4, and T>4er, 2, were too big, even when both weighed in at 14 poimds— double their birth weights — at their 2-month checkups. ‘T was never worried about their weight when they were young, because they were both very, very healthy” Some other parents, howev er, can become anxious, given widespread reports that an increasing percentage of chil dren and adolescents in the United States are overwei^t. “Wth aU. the talk about obe sity we certainly have some overzealous parents who are worried about their nice, healthy chunky baby becom ing an overweight adult, and (they are) restricting their nutrients,” sa5?s Dr. Robert Holmberg, a pediatrician in Bangor, Maine, and a mem ber of the American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Obesity When sho^xId “baby fat,” long the symbol of a thriving infant, be cause for alarm? In general, a chubby baby is a healthy one, doctors say Poor nutrition and lack of exercise—major factors in the obesity epidemic among chil- dr^ and adults-’havenT had time to affect the infant,” Holmberg says. But while doctors urge par ents not to panic, they also encourage them to watch for warning signs: Before age 3, parental obesi ty is a stronger predictor of future weight problems than an infant’s birth weight or place on the growth chart. ‘Tf parents are overweight, their children, are at much greater risk for the develop ment of wei^t problems,” says Dr. William Dietz, direc tor of the division of nutrition and physical activity for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Genetics may be partly to blame, but more often the cul prit is lifestyle, says Dr. Thomas Robinson, associate professor at the Stanford University School of Medicine and director of the Center for Healthy Weight at Lucdle Packard Children’s Hospital. “A child is raised and learns about feeding, eating and activity in that same environ ment” as the overwei^t par ent, he notes in an e-mail interview A sustained growth spurt before age 4, in which weight increases more rapidly than height, is another possible warning sign, Holmberg says. And parents should note if wei^t appears to be interfer ing wilh developmental mile stones, such as walking. Still, always consult a pedi atrician before changirg your baby’s diet. Several studies suggest that breastfeeding, in addition to its nutritional advantages, lowers the risk of obesity later in childhood. Adds Dietz, "the longer the children ar^ breast fed, the lower tire risk.” The AAP recommends breast milk for at least the first year. Please see HEALTHY/3B 0(^0 DeVondia Roseborough has AIDS and wants oth ers to hear her story so that they can avoid infection. 54 percent of alt new HIV and AIDS cases in the US are black women, In Mecklenburg County it’s 69 percent. PHOTOAWADE NASH Outspoken against HTV Charlotte woman active in educating black women about AIDS By Cheris F. Hodges cheris.hod9es®fhecharfotfepost.corn The face of AIDS has a smile, brown skin and spariding eyes. The face of AIDS has a name and a mission. DeVondia Roseborough hopes her story wfll save others. According to the Black AIDS Institute, of the million Americans who have HIV, half are Afican American. Fifty-four percent of all new HIV cases in the U.S. are black women. Last year in Mecklenburg Coimty Afiican Americans accoimted for 69 percent of aU new HIV infec tions in the first half of 2005. Among black women, the infection rate was 65 percent. For Roseborough, 34, Dec. 9, 2003 is a day she won’t forget. That’s when a doctor told her that she had HTV “The day he told me that I was HIV positive, I was numb,” she recalled. “It was a clock on the wall, directly across fium me and it had just struck 10:12. My whole body was numb, but I had went through a state of preparation, which I call my metamorphosis, so I was prepared for it.” Roseborou^ admits that she partic ipated in risky behavior that con tributed to her infection. “Unprotected sex with someone I had fio emotional attachment to,” said ’Roseborough, who admitted she used sex as a way to find love. “IH teU any one it couldn’t have happened to a bet ter person, it really opened my eyes to a lot things and it allowed me to appreciate life more.” As cliche as it sounds, Roseborough does not look as if she' has AIDS, See AIDS/2B Colleges to balance campus drinking THE ASSOCIATED PRESS DURHAM—John Kunemund .had just finished moving into his dorm at Duke University and was ready to start exploring the campus he expects to call home for the next four years. He knows part of that journey will include being exposed to alcohol— whether or not he is the one Hoing the drinking “The administrators have to keep a check on students because if the stu dents can just do whatever they want. I’m siire alcohol will be broio^t any where,” said Kunemund, an 18-year- old fi:eshman from Jacksonville, Fla. “But the students have to keep them selves in check, too. ‘'We’re in college now. We have to make sure we take responsibility for ourselves.” As students return to colleges across the nation for the start of fall dasses, , the drinking games are sure to begin— along with a healthy debate over alco hol’s place on campus. How much can— and shoifld— a university do to monitor the drinking habits of students who, while not of drinking age, are old enough to vote or go to war? And how much responsibihty lies witii students, many of them away from home for tiie first time, to control their own behavior? It’s a debate that got plenty of atten tion at Duke in the spring, when three members of the men’s lacrosse team were chaiged with the alleged rape of a stripper at an alcohol-soaked team party off campus. But it’s an issue for schools across the comitry, not just this elite private school in ceaitral North Carolina. “Almost every problematic student behavior issue has at its roots the over consumption of alcohol,” said Shddon Steinbach, general counsel for the Washington, D.C.-based American Coimcil on Education, a hi^er-educa- tion lobbying group -that lists Duke among its membership of 1,800 accred ited colleges and universities. “There are lots of approaches and schools apply See STEPS/2B Unearthing a glimpse into lives of free blacks THE ASSOC/ATED PRESS BOSTON —Renovators working at a Beacon Hill townhovise luicovered what archaeologists beUeve are the remnants of a 19th cen tury free black household. The shoes, doU fragments, hat pins, children’s marbles and an empty sarsaparilla bottle, among other items, were foilnd beneath the floor ing of what once was thought to be a privy and could pro vide insight into the lifestjde of free black families in Boston during that time. expeats said. The house was built about 1840 by Robert Roberts, a fi'ee black man who was an active abohtionist and worked as a butler for Gov. Christopher Gore. He wrote “The House Servants’ Directory” in 1827. Despite the national influ ence of Boston’s black fami lies in the abolitionist move ment, there is almost no i*ecord of their daily lives. “It’s a wonderful piece of history,” Mary Beaudry a Boston Univemity archaeolo gy and anthropology profes sor, who is helpir^ lead the excavation, told The Boston Globe, "'lb get a look at a flee African-American house hold-wow!” Workers doing renovations for property owner Michad Tbixanova exposed brick work beneath the floor of an attached shed. 'Iferranova consulted the staff at the 19th-century Afiican Meeting House, the fi:ee-black church and com munity center whose Beacon Hfll site is now affiliated with the National Park Servicq, They pointed him to Beaudry and Ellen Berkland, archaeologist for the city of Boston. ‘1 hadn’t thou^t it was possible to get archeologists here,” said Tferranova, who was not legally obligated to report the discovery of histor ical artifacts on his property Beaudry and Berkland and a group of volunteers started digging Thursday turning up several thousand arti facts. The work was expected to wrap up Monday tus fflwit fejtotf (mm M tftfwrfv' Managing diabetes According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevmtion, 13.3 percent of AfiicanAmericans adults (3.2 million) have diabetes. Not only are Afiican Americans more likely than non-minori ties to have diabetes, but also they are more likely to suffer finm diabetes-related compli cations, including heart dis ease, kidney failure, stroke, nerve damage, blindness and even death. These complica tions can be prevented or decreased significantly by improved diabetes manage ment and control. Insulin is normally pro duced in the pancreas. It helps the cells in the body properly use ^ucose (sugar) for enei^ In Type 2 dia betes, the most common form, there is either a decreased production of insulin or an inabiLity of the body to use insulin. As a result, glucose remains in the blood rather than being transported to the cells, resulting in high blood sugar levels and the many compli cations associated with this disease. IVp® 2 diabetes, often called as ‘insulin resis tance,’ is associated with obe sity It usually occurs in adults but is being diagnosed more fiequently in children and adolescents. This article focuses on Type 2 diabetes and its treatment. How is diabetes treated? Diet and exercise are cru cial components of diabetes management. Meal planning is often recommended initial ly along with exercise and weight loss, if needed, which helps the body "use excess si.:^ar. If these measures are not enough to bring the blood sugars down to an acceptable range, the nert step is to begin medication to help ccsn- trol the blood sugar. Medication may be in the form of insulin, oral drugs and new injectable (but non- insulin) medicine. Monitoring blood si^ar levels with a glu cose monitor is critical in determinii^ what treatment plan is indicated and even more importantly, whether the treatment plan is work ing. Medications While patients are usually started on an oral medication to control 'their blood sugar, it is not uncommon for insulin injections to be used as the first line of treatment. This practice is based upon the individual circumstances of the patient. There are five classes of oral dn^ used in the United States to treat diabetes: sulfonylureas, meglitinides, biguanides, thi- azolidinediones, and alpha- ^ucosidase inhibitors. Each Please see MANAGING/3B *5 Mil