THE WEATHER rfcast Edition -'- V- , WASHINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA, TlfcSDAY AFTCRNCGN, SEPTEMBER 28, 19C9. NO. 49 AYXttJJME I. \ . \ CORN WEEVILS 111 OTHER GRAIN INSECTS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES T. ? > , Mr. R. L Smith, Entomologist, of the North. Carolina Agriculture Experiment Station, ^ Discusses the Injury Destructive Insects Do, in Bulletin No. 203. ' V ' ? : THE FARMERS SHOULD READ Like practically all agricultural J products, corn and other grains are subject to the attack of numerous de structive lttBeetf, some of tfiem com mencing their depredations in the n. ripening grain in the fields, while t Others abide solely in the barns, store ** g rooms or cribs where the grain is ; afiprsil. Farmers In North Carolina and, in fact, of all the Southern ; States, expect a greater or less num ber of Weevils or other Insects to be In their granaries each spring, and n 1 coaaldeg K Isrtfaaate whan only n fay are present. As a general rule, the Injury inflicted to tho grain is under estimated. and the loss in- total - weight and feeding value is accepted as an annoying but unavoidable con dition. ' The actual loss occasioned by in sects Jn whole gTaln and the various i ariwk foods cannot be accurately bs timated; the grain is not only re duced in weight .and consequently * selling Value; but Is often rendered wholly unfit for human food and less valuable as food for live stock. "" As an example of the extent oT the Injury caused hy: grain insects, a con sideration of the value of the grain crop will be of interest The corn crop for North Carolina in 190S was - Valued at 939,631,000 and the wheat crop at |6, 07fc000, a combined total oX?94?,709,000. Since there are no statistic* to show the actual annual injury caused by Insects, it msy be conservatively estimated at five per OMt *F fetch is lower than the actual v. J>efceBt of tfprniw mnnHart'fnr n?. tain other Southern States ioua years. Five per cent of the total )> ? Is 92,285,450, an amount represent1 ? log the poMible annual damage by grain Insects to corn and Wheat crops alone In North Carolina. The Hat of really Injurious species of Insects attacking stored sraln, and the principal feed stuffs manufat tured therefrom, nujpber twenty and upwards. There are two true weev ils and at least one dozen other forms known as beetles la their adult stage. whlUt^re find alx common and injur ltrtfii species whose parents are ? T"" ll ~ and conspicuous of thlrf" number described in tho pages following. Tiie prifltipal damage to whole grains is caused by the rice or black weevil1 and the angoujnois grain moth or fly weevil. but the others mentioned are freQupntly ' present In destructive numbers. In eastern North Carolina th^ black weevil probably predoml-: , ? hut In tho wPofArn ?u>r>Hnn fly weuvll holds flrst position. In: ? rowy localities thero two speeleu and others of less importance are found wt>rlcing together, sometimes actually occurring In the same kernels of corn. ? For the reader who la not familiar with the grain insects, the statements ocncemlng the life-history of each will help to show the Importance of ? this sehjsst. it is na| alwaya. real ized how rapidly* these insects ? the trhe weevil, for example ? may In crease in numbers under Mvorable if it known by all that grain" may become infested [n the field before harvest. With species that produce only One generation an nually. it 1s not realised how impor tant Is the* matter of killing them in the larval and pupal stages, an ex ample 'being the dark meal worm. T^ese and other points given under the discussion of each species in the , following pages are necestary fof an intelligent understanding of the grain insect problem. p. The presence of Inseets in grains, msels anil fnatl r -f- A not eaally ' "prevented, nor Is it an easy matter to kill them after otjce gaining a 'foot ? *? naifl.llUl mlalii praM??*?s ead ?sti edlal measuree may- be adopted ..to avoid a portion, at least, of the ah . nual 19m. irpottian of this bulimia to devoted to the discussion of the best known and most effective con trol measures. Attention is called es pecially to the carbon bisulphide fu migation treatment, as this has for tn?PT_ ywani been principally jecom-* ? _ . The writer's recent experiments show inclusively thai fnmlgation With I rat? knowledge of the varlQus grain pests, and to caution them to use [.preventive measures wherever possi ble, and partly to explain the limlta i tlon? In the use oFYarbon blsuTpEtdF for fumigation of Infested grain, I Grain first becomes Infested thro' bdne of two sources; (1) the insects may attack the ripening grain In the flel ? m? [jam muiLUiiLa in mn sniii ? ' Concerning corn particularly, ' the tight husk offers much protection, and In the field the angoumols grain moth or rice weevil would be exclud ed almost completely from ears with a husk fitting tightly over the end, were It not for the corn ear-worm, which frequently makes entrance and Pfexlt holes, that furnish- easy entrance Nf Ihepaln miiiln nr ha stir aver, the presence of the ear-worm Is an argument In favor of housing the grain as early as practicable. The longer It Is lert in the field the great er will be the number of ears Infest* ed. Of course. If the farmer does not see that the barns and granaries are free from insects when the grain is sto the extent of the field Infest ation Is of less importance. TTr T IT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 il i ii m ill inn gists la In a special building separated from the barns, bUfe when the grain must "T>e stored in the latter place all old lh [fosted grain should.be used before the new crop Is housed, and precau-" tlons should be taken to guard against leaving heaps of waste "com, or oth^r material In which the grain Insects may be feeding. The writer has known many farmers to place new corn ,on top of a few bushels of old corn literally being devoured by the weevils and other Insects. Farm ers will also often boast that their bins or cribs are never emptied. This practice cannot be too strongly con demned. It has often been observed that un husked corn is less liable to weevil lnJorj^and thls^ls true not too badly Injured ~ by the ear worm. j All {he grain moths are nocturnal [4ar habits and may be' attracted to a llffht By placing in the corn cribs wide shallow nans containing a lit tle kercyene, with a lantern suspend ed rJuet above or set In the middle, i-Mindraart In the pa-j geantr It Is 8l?ll doubtful 'what the final] solution of the problem will be. but! thero Is a growing sentiment fn favor of the plan to keep both claimants; out of' the. pageknt. 80 far neither One . of tht?m has given tangible proof of hU claims and. until the matter has been Anally adjudicated* By some competent tribunal, the world- is Jus tified I n Took Tn R^Trpnn both rlaimawlw with suspicion. To believe- one and JUlBl IM U1U1I huuUTii. (lite W J u dice And unwarranted injustice, as ie of the members of the eommit ravOr the plan of excluding both rmrr an Cook fronr participation in CHILDREN WERE THROWN INTO PANIC BY BUCK HID STORY Polish Pupils Stampeded by Fireworks in the | Streets, and Could Not Be Controlled by Teachers?Fourteen Hurt in the Crush, One Fatally. -Ns 31 MADE MAD RUSH FOR DOORS New York, Sdpt. 2 S: ? Terrified by black hand stories, 1,000 children stampeded in a Polish*"- "parochial school in Jersey City today when Are worlu were set oft- In the street be low. And in the ShuT* rush for the doora, fourteen were crushed, one soj seriously that- death probably will result. / The fatally injured child is Marl anna' Zelachshky, 7 years old. The others comprise five little girls and eight boys, all ranging, from seven to ten years In age.. All are in Jersey City hospitals, but it is believed thju , all will recover., " I The schoolhouse. a three-story brick building. Is a stone's throw I from an Italian church, which had I obtained a permit tcset off "fire works I during a church celebration today. |. A Tinflqr'fnt out l?mt wwlk among the ; children In lower Jersey City schools I that threats had been made to blow Xbe children of Sjt. Anthony's school have been particularly nervous EARTHQUAKE IN ST. LOUIS The City Considerably Shaken by Seismic Disturbances ? No.Se rious Damage. St. Lou la. Sept7TS ? Ah oanhnualw ti'eraor in every quarter of St. Louis and which awakened* scores of citi zens was plainly evident at 3:45 this morning. The shock was most se vere in the west end where there were two tremors reported the first belneT plainly felt and the rocking of every building, the second less in "in tensity. In the down town section the major shock? rocked Lhe larger balldings. At the Union Station the shock caused .travelers to move Quickly out of the structure. The Are alarm service was also disturbed by the., shock. No serious damage has -however hppn rppnrtfri Many Attend Old Ford Picnic ?* Quite a large number of Washing ton people went to Old Ford today to , hear |lon. *J. Y. Joyner. the State Superintendent of Public, instruction, STiPah nlgn In wftorirt rho iiiftilrj given by the good ladles of Old Ford] and Washington township. It is | needless for* the News to state, that! every one present .enjoyed^hemselves. A tiller account of the day will be published in the Daily News tomor row. Mr. Joyner *111 address the citi zens of Aurora this eveningf Edward J and Small tomorrow. Bath will en tprtain Mr. Jflvn^ on Thursday. a| big picnic will be given. Beaufort county citizens should") turn out en masse to hear the State's dlotlnguiohod oducator Ml would be] profltted and benefitted. TO ATTEND COHH ENTION. Postmaster Hugh Paul expects to leave tomorrow, for Raleigh to attend the Postmaster's Convention. He will be absent several days. MIMjIXRRY . OPENING. Jas. E. Clark Co. will have their] fall and winter millinery opening next FMday, October 1. Steam Tug - Goes to Bottom During the high wind' yesterday morning the steam tug belonging to Captain Jackson, sank at the wharf of the Moore Lumber Company, East Main street. About 20 minutes be lor* the h.ppanA^ was found to be-.alright. It la sur mised thata. hnlawaa fcyeeked b*r by a plank, causing her to sink. and : Tau Tribe- No. 18, In |of Rod Men. ezpwjt to kold a l rial unlet 1* mmoi? at (Mr l <* 3 about it, and when ItTB^bombH went off suddenly today they^ran shrieking from their recitatlon_rooms Into' the halls and down the stairwayfc... There are two street doorways, but one of them was closed. At the closed en- " trance there occurred a disastrous Jam. Here several of the smaller children were trampled into uncon sciousness: while others ran back to the building and sprang through win dows fifteen feet to an area way be low. , * Policemen and passerBby, attracted by the cries, rushed to the saene, but order was not rnKtortTil until rour teen children had been seriously hurt. A -report spread quickly that there were eight "dead and hundreds of moitiers mingled In the crowd out slde'Uhe building moaning, weeping and adding to the general confusion. This'is riot the first riot of Its kind In Jersey (.'lty.'- as the fituidren ot tne foreign element are constantly In fear of the "black hand." A PLEASANT BIRTHDAY PARTY Little Miss Marjorie Blount Hoyt at Home to Her Many Play- . mates and Friends. ? ? 1 little Miss Marjorie Blount ^Hoyt, ..i kw ii. i ii i,^n K. Hoyt.was the hostess yesterday af ternoon to "her many playmates and friends at her home, corner of Sec ond and Bridge streets. The occasion was the celebration of her sixth natal day. No social function of the season among the Juvenile set carried with it more- pleasure and merriment and Miss Marjorie was extended a vote of thanks for su?h an enjoyable af ternoon. She did the honors of hos tess most charmingly, and all present wished for her many happy returns Qf_ber birthday. , Misses Katie ftra gaw and Bessie Conoley entertained the uuie oMS U'HlTHiffiy ^snios and? served the refreshments. The fol lowing were present: Theodore Hod man, Frances Leach, Elizabeth Res jpess, Mamie Latham Richardson* Sarah Lilly Susman. Bertha Susman, Frank C. Kugler.'Jack Oden; Eleanor Berry,- Edward Long Mayo. Gus Bow ers. Jr.. JesBe McCullen, Jack Meek JJ1? ? 1'ifrin MirlfHri Lc lUkk?ta_ [-Simmons- ClarK.jilftri: J? rideman Lit tle, Charles Brown, "drrr- J^e^nora Blouot, Lonnie Thomason.'N. S. Ful ford, Jr., Alice Fulford, Athalia Tay loe, SalHe Bright. Robert Hodgea, Ethel Mixon, Isabel Warren, George Studdert, Carter "Studdert, Rufua Carter, Bryan Grimes,- ^innio Fields, Jud Paul, Edmund Hoyt, Aileen Rumley, Margaret Handy, John Han dy, Marlon Latham, Kathleen Lath am, Annie Thomas Arcnoen, uorotny ["Blount, Dorothy Brown, Harriet Btown, Grace JoneB, Shelton Moore, Chrlsflne Baugham, John Ilavena Mos's, Margaret Bragaw. ' Boy Badly Burned The Six-year-old sob of Mr. and Mrs. Ira C. Congleton. who reside on East Second street, while playing with batches this afternoon, set hit ([Clothing on fire and was painfully and severely burned on the abdomen. The little fellow la getting along as well as could be expected wider the clrcamatances. New Advertisements in Today's News. ? i ?? R. W. A yen* ? Millinery Open ing Continues. A. O. Hmlther A Co. ? Hat Pins