Newspapers / State Port Pilot (Southport, … / Aug. 14, 1940, edition 1 / Page 20
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PAGE SIX Farm Woman Is To Play A / Large Part In The Future Of American Farm System (Continued from page one) to the humblest farm homes with simple demonstrations of how to do the things that meant more comfortable living and better food and eager women and girls filled the meeting places in every organized county. They learned how to garden and can; they became conscious of what constituted unsanitary conditions and improved their homes; they saved time by inducing their husbands to bring the pump into the kitchen and installed home-made sinks; they raised the height of their work tables and other equipment, and made convenient work shops for themselves and they even learned to cut, fit and make their own dresses. "Really", said Mrs. Nash I of Franklin County, an enthusiastic club member, "we have to eat !! and wear before we do anything else and I want to learn to cook and make my clothes first." It was the nutritive value of the vegetables and other food which they were producing and how to cook them that engaged most of the housewife's time. The whole family was better fed when women added good cooking to their skills and could tickle the palates of the family by better methods of food preparation, and the home agent was a busy instructor. Althrough 1912-14-16 and on through 1920-1940, farm women and girls gathered in ever-increasing community groups at regular monthly periods for home making instruction which was given in simple unaersuuiuuuie demonstrations. "You may doubt what you hear, you may even doubt what you see," said Dr. Seaman A. Knapp, founder of Home Demonstration Work, "but you cannot doubt what you hear, see, and are permitted to do for yourself." And so it came to pass that the woman on the farm began to learn that not all the wealth of the farm was in the so-called cash crops; much of it lay in a planned food supply from the garden, poultry flock, dairy, meat animals, fruits, and cereals which would sustain the family in its food needs and much was to be found in her newly acquired skills and in her ability to use material that was at hand. TENANTS INTERESTED From the first, wife and daughter of the tenant farmer came to 'the club with the wife of the farm owner and today a recent study made by the Division of Home Demonstration Work in 69 counties shows that 63.2 percent of home demonstration club members come from land-owner families; 23.7 percent from tenant families and 13.1 percent from families in small villages, farm neighborhoods, or are serving the farm community in some way. It is interesting to see the percentage of tenants to land owners and fatm women leaders and home agents report assisting in addition about half as many BIG 5 ill ?v ^ I have not bei as I would like house, in Fairm THE BIG 5 \ TO RECEIVE Big 6 Fairmont, N. | AN ENERGETIC I &">: : - x < : .... OF THIS COUNTY?( farm women of Columbus c( of Chad bourn, shown here 1 500 chickens. She recently i old weighing an average of a second prize in a State-wi ing. The man in the picture i; j agent. tenants outside the club as the, whole membership numbers. Looking at the list of women from tenant farms whom the communities have chosen as project leaders. I find them leaders in projject work and teaching their ! neighbors. Many farmowners were desirous that their tenants get a knowledge of gardening, conservation of vegetables and fruit ! for winter use, and also how to prepare food because they knew ; it would be to their advantage as landlords to have the tenant fnaA itself and relieve them of the necessity of advancing credit for food supplies. There are landlords, however, in the big plantation sections who discourage the garden or the poultry flock because it tends to take too much of a tenant's time from 1 work he should be putting on cot' ton or tobacco, but many of them, I since the great depressions of 1921, 1933 and on, have learned it is better business to see that i the tenant is permitted time to grow a garden and be encouraged to have a flock and a pig or two and feed his own family. There have always been large i visioned landowners who have made the tenants an interested participator in the farm enterprise and it seems to me it is time to herald what such men as : W. W. Eagles of Edgecomb, I George Sockwell of Guilford, Tom ' Pearsall of Nash and others have done and are doing to build a good farm business with the coj operation of their tenants. There are bad tenant situations all over i the south, and there are poverty | stricken farms with poor soil, j poor seed, and poor management, but there are also foci of fine I farm management to be found | in every section of North Carolina which may be used as patterns for owner tenant relationships and the public should know that they do exist. HOME AGENT SEES THE NEED From the home agent's first; experience with malnutrition in a WAREH I Market Cage Yarboto, of Fairmont, returned visit to the Georgia PRICES SAT] The prices were v< in most cases toba pleased with their si the Ga. tobacco was good ... All tobacco _j the market, buying 1 en able to see all of my to, but I hope to see yoi lont, with your first loat VAREHOUSE WILL TOBACCO THURSJ > Waret C. CAGE YARi nmDmKi FARM WOMAN | )ne of the most energetic >unty is Mrs. H. H. Bullock, ivith a part of her flocr of j sold 197 chickens 18 weeks 2 1-4 pounds each, winning , ide contest for poultry raiss C. D. Raper, assistant farm land that should feed those who dwell upon it she saw the need 1 for cows on every farqi and joining with the Extension Dairy Division bent her efforts toward getting the farm family to se- i cure enough cows to have one fresh at all times. This was not ; an easy thing to do. A garden i was within the reach of most farmers, and Extension agents 1 were prepared to get response in I acreage planted; the poultry flock ' brought in such profitable returns that it too proved not too dif if ottaininent hilt the in- J 11VU11. U4 vestment for a family cow Involved an amount of money which bade the farmer pause before he made the purchase. To inform him that milk and butter would promote the health of his family was not enough to make him invest in a cow or his wife agree to take on the extra work of milking, making butter, and other things incident upon keeping it. They had heard all that before and both the farmer and his wife had to be shown how milk products might be turned into cash and more comforts for the home before they felt they could adventure, and plans had to be made for some kind of a market. CREATING A FARM FAMILY ENTERPRISE The 4-H club girl had very 1 generally gone into poultry work 1 along with her gardening and ' canning, and the family poultry ' flock began to prove itself an in- ' come earner, as well as an excellent source of protein food for 1 well planned meals. From the first. Extension poul- 1 trymen were a tower of strength I to both daughters and their mothers on the farm because they came to club meetings to instruct in poultry pre .action, and today many farm families are looking to dressed poultry for a goodly part of their living. Through excellent instruction, women as well as 4-H girls and boys were able to compete with producers who had been much longer in the innsF. Report Big 5 Warehouse, I Saturday from a Tobacco Markets. ISFACTORY | ;ry satisfactory, and cco growers were lies. The luality of s found lo be very companies vv ?, on heir usual graaes. friends as much 1 at Big 5 WareI BE OPENED DAY, AUG. 15 house BORO, Prop. mm??m?mam THE STATE PORT PIL business and today poultry ranks as the biggest single ..icome producer on the North Carolina organized farm women's markets. There are two types of marketing done by organized farm women, and together they brought a gross income of $749,925?nearly three quarters of a million dollars to farm homes in 1939. The first type production and organized selling to merchants, institutions and 1 n d i v iduals through shipment or personal sales grew rapidly and is growing steadily today in many North Carolina counties?last year's sales amounting to $371,978.00. . Anson County women serve as a good example of what following instruction for standards through the years with women, men, and home and farm agents have done when they can f ind in such a report as I rece ved January first 1939 showing that 9,000 turkeys from one county, all of one breed, killed and dressed by one approved method and packed for shipping by farm women, brought $27,000 to producers in the county during the Thanksgiving and Christmas sales alone. This type of marketing is possible with a variety of products in almost any county but it needs just the thought, good planning, and hard work that Rosalind Redfern and James Cameron, home and farm agents, gave to it in Anson to make it succeed elsewhere. The records of C. F. Parrish, Extension Poultryman, State College, seem to show that poultry production is on its way. "There are today", says Mr. Parrish, 1U1,?JD iNUrui unuuna laim families which have a year-round poultry supply for the table and the vt.iue of poultry, eggs, and turkey marketed with the assistance of the county agents, home agents, and Negro agents, through organized groups of farmers and farm women amounted to $1,322,182 in 1939. A big pereentage of the small home flocks ire cared for by women and certainly what has already been lone shows that women can do the selling for a high class market in any county. rHE FARM WOMAN'S HOME DEMONSTRATION MARKET The second type of marketing? the farm woman's home demonstration market in 44 county seats of North Carolina furnished 5377,947 or a little more than half of the total marketing sales, with poultry and eggs heading the list, vegetables coming next md home-made cakes, meat, butter and home grown flowers following. Fruit, berries, canned products, handicrafts and other miscellaneous things rounded out the list. Home demonstration markets are all housed in towns large enough to insure good patronage and are so well thought of as a means of producing good feeling between town and county that women have little trouble in securing the backing of citizens and commissioners when a market building is being considered. Only farm women are permitted to sell and all products must be home grown or home made. A market committee composed of sellers and at least one buyer governs the conduct of the market and a manager is elected from the selling group. A SOCIAL MARKET The woman's market is a social as well as an economical institution and women who sell and women who buy have come to value the friends they make on market days almost as much as the money values they receive. No one of the 2,012 women now selling wishes to be a merchant with an every day market to attend?they are just housewives setting aside one or two mornings a week to do their part in bringing in an income and if they do not sell what they take to the market it is easy enough to bring the left overs back and serve them on the family table. The five to twenty-five dollars per market day which a woman brings home with her makes all the difference in the comfort and appearance of her home but it takes that woman's presence and what she has to give in addition to cash to make a real home and few women wish to change the type of marketing which gives them time to be both an income earner and a home maker. SELLERS Sometimes the too economic economist would have one or two sellers make the sales for their neighbors thus relieving many of the 2,000 curb marketers of the need for attending each market day. But what then would become of all the fine social intercourse and the refreshment from the pleasant outing to be had each week while goods are being exchanged for cash. Why, too, should not more instead of fewer wives learn something of business procedure and marketing stand OT, SOUTHPORT. N. C. ards which enables them to be helpful to their farmer husband in suggesting the type of foods the buying public desires. The main thing. X believe, in the marketing enterprise is that it is already pointing the way to more farm families for the disposal of small farm surpluses and that means a wide open road to a live-at-home program. SHOWING INITIATIVE What I am trying to show is that there is something happenj ing on the North Carolina farm ! that manifests initiative result| ing in a higher standard of living and it is conning about everywhere. Not with trumpeting and it doesn't involve everybody, but it is plainly to be seen in the homes of the poor as well as the homes of the well-to-do-farmer if one looks with the seeing eye. You can recognize it as you travel over the county roads; the mended fences, the little home with base planting, the hog pen moved to the rear, the beginning of an out-door living room with home made seats, and tables, and sometimes newly painted buildings. There is, too, concrete evidence of emerging beauty in the long time planting plans of the larger places where neighbor helps neighbor through fall and spring exchanges of plant material and the community plans its clean-up campaigns to make a desirable neighborhood. Conservation Of Tobacco Soils Is Major Problem (Continued from page one) Lee pointed out that the use of rotations with tobacco is often a "touchy" subject. "However", he adds, "tobacco, small grain and redtop grass makes a very satisfactory rotation with good control over a major portion of the period, and with no adverse effect on the tobacco plant. Rotated strips of tobacco and closegrowing vegetation, such as rye W.P.A. Executive: "If we don't figure out a way to spend one hundred and twenty million dollars, we lose our jobs." Secretary: "How about a bridge over the Mississippi ? lengthwise?" Prodigal: "Father, I've a notion to settle down and go in for raising chickens. Father: "Better try owls. The hours will suit you better." "By whom?" asked the man who was told that his wife was outspoken. J ROBE t A t Fairmont itP mo * |[ FINE TOBA ]s @ Bp ' > ' GREEN TOBACCO?Th co such as this one were to ty during- the past two mo have been stripped of the Je grass and small grain, may be used." In conclusion, the soil conservationist says: "The lack of winter cover probably contributes more to loss of soil material than any other factor in tobacco culture. It is surprising that such a large amount of soil is lost from bare fields over winter, not to mention the matter of leaching. Where a rotation is not practicable, the use of Italian rye grass *' * *Uminfar anil I | will etrecuveiy cue ? loss, with only a negligible amount of nitrogen, and the quantity of I organic matter is not sufficient ( I to adversely effect the quality of J j the tobacco crop". Here's Flan For More Farm Income In State (Continued from page one) ! ern Governors' Conference will ! add impetus and encouragement 'to the movement." To show that it is a sound; |program, Goodman pointed out! that the production of all food and feed crops except potatoes is inadequate on the basis of the present yields per unit to meet 'the rural urban requirements of 'the State. For instance, the State produces (annually 354 million pounds of 'meat; its requirements are 764 million pounds. North Carolina produced in 1938 about 20 million i chickens, and 56 million dozens | ; of eggs; it needs 32 million j chickens and 95 million dozens of jeggs annually. Milk production is 163 million gallons annually; the j State should have 463 million gallons annually. "Comparisons of vegetable, 'wheat, oats, and hay production JON COUN' 1 airmon A LEADING THE LEADD Leads The Bel lays to drive a little ney ... Bring us yi keep you Youi A- E. GARR1 JACK GARR LEO H. LOI . WEDNESDAY. AUr.liST u f H~ ~i ' ens could be in^I!!^? GCO FIELD million dozens of ej ?== -hlch than enough to ?,et ^| ! without increL J I iousands of fields of tobac- tons to one-an/s^ 9 be found in Columbus coun- ton* nths Most such fields now TTtese are out chtii^l I ; should every farmer ,t . V 3 ? j Carolina be handled ace',.* with requirements show the same these recommendations i*'B differences". Goodman declared. ja standard of living This raises a number of pertin-j its in this State higher** ent questions. We have already; satisfactory than its ^1 seen how requirements can be ever known before. The met by growing more grain, and supply and would hate fl raising more cattle, milk cows, money than they have * swine, chickens, and sheep. pie would have an adeem.,* "But here is another way: the past", Goodman conc^l Increase the yields per unit. On A copy of the public** the basis of farm demonstrations which these recommendatic* ^nSneteri with countv aeents, it made is available fr?. .. V has been shown conclusively that ested citizens of the if all farmers used Improved write to the AgricultnVj practices the production of eggs at State College. Rales-J by the present number of chick- Extension Circular .\'0. ufl Ipull-l-l... POWER . . . RESULTS. These I three words are synonymous with B The News Reporter Want-Ads. I PULL-L-L . . . the power to sell 1 merchandise, recover lost property 9 . . . find and fill jobs, rent houses, ? rooms and sell homes .... the 9 power to produce RESULTS quick- g ly, economically and satisfactorily. 9 For an Ad-Taker Phone 159, or g Call at Our Office 8 a. m. j| till 6 p. m. a The State Port Pilot I rY WAREHOUSE I t N. C. I HOUSE ON I <JG MARKET I ? ?? iHlHfl A 9r? IeI ^ * B'* It In Pounds And Prices I : farther and get more I Dur first load?we will I coming! I r friends, I ETT, Sales Mgr. I ETT, Asst. Mgr. I TIS, Auctioneer I v jSBBBSI
State Port Pilot (Southport, N.C.)
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Aug. 14, 1940, edition 1
20
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