Newspapers / State Port Pilot (Southport, … / Aug. 1, 1945, edition 1 / Page 7
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I The Pilot Covers II Brunswick County I 10. SIXTEEN " FOSW lt * I [jog Production I profitable tor | Mate farmers I Hogs G r o w ni ng Every I lounty Of North Caro Una; Suggestions Made I tor Feeding And Man I agement 1 in ' U'K KELLEY tiiimal Husbandry Extension specialist y.;s . .town 111 every counT" ' unity in No: th Car Ti: Ciop Reporting Sei r.e 0l- ;; I. s. Department o, m.ijr.u. ltports tnat 95,0Ui ian owed in tin. : 1945 in North Cato " The average for 1934? tji Hi ... with 140,000 farrow.?: ! mg of 1944. These wires show that a large numv or : - rowers in North Car_-j a:i m-anci-outers." When a being made everyone mis to get some of the easy aaey a: ; is only a short time prices are reversed and anyone wants to get out then :r.ces . ? and the cycle starts; jrer. Tie hi. growers in North Car-1 -a . . ake the most money say :n the business but cut jo.- or. the number of hogs it:.-. : - are unfavorable, and ajani win n prices are favorable. Hogs ran tv grown at a profit if j :ew things are done well in fcdr.g sr.. i management. In selecting breeding animals r uy to produce large ( iters are important. Tne j St : type is the most profitife :y. . at the present time. 1 Jus ty: i will make fast gains 1 d be i?a iy for market at five ' ess tr.s of age with proper ' to and care. Type is more lm- i grir.t . breed as each breed , as some good and some bad in- , Mhuls. | j He boa: is at least one-half , if the 11 ceding herd, which sales it important to select a \ pod purebred of the right type. ftshouM be sound and vigorous si we!. veloped for his age. Unthrifty pigs cause a large ' w of money to hog growers ?n year. Intestinal round 1 Wins no doubt the leading! i ok for unthriftiness. The jarasites live in the small in- i ' sir.es f infested pigs. Female' : - acc thousands of tiny ' Its which scatter on the ground ' til the manure. Young pigs : susceptible than old j: become wormy by feedon worm egg-infested ground, tar. j-suite where hogs have, K been since the ground was itered i> the best place for * - io farroiv. Pigs born and hi on clean ground will be free he w< i nis. u cis suyuctuis, iw j ir.-za. sudan grass or small j P3-" - v. i save 30 to 40 perse. of the protein feed and 10 !" of grain in addition to prevent. ? worms in the pigs. '''< ' ' rued on Page Four) Injury Created By Fly Serious Hessian My Proves Serious Menace To North Carolina Wheat; Many Tho- i usand Acres Infested H< v'-ian fly, a long time j Vs"- of ' heat in the United SU'?. a;arcd during the fall '*1944 ":<! the spring of 1945 ed the wheat crop j Sort1. Carolina well over llooo.wn Many farmers who j':c ' : I grain mixture, inra|1:r? wheat for early grazing f;i lound that the Hessian | ' kills most of the wheat in mixtures. During .spring of '45 the which developed in lrf, 1 "heat came forth to ' ' v thousands of acres as planted for dult Hessian flies ap- [ P'- i late March and as they v ""lea to favorable ' ' they began dpposit' c-ig: one female Hessian from 200 to 250 eggs. ? are deposited on the k' - '"heat and in three to i, h into a very small 1 j., !: or grab. The larvae ! ? , e leaf to the base ' ,,, ' ; ' or may come to rest the lower joints of, L . straws. Their feedkills the wheat plant or j ; -uu.ies the wheat straw Ktiiru k 0Ver 80 that the grain has developed in the head | - Ittetuffied on Page Four) ] TH VARR Fusarium Wi Station May < * Fusarium wilt is becom in Columbus County. It was in the Whiteville-Chadboun little of experimental work wilt. However, tobacco tarn the next few years those ! tusarium wilt will be able t of tobacco that will be resis wilt. The first symptoms shown ir the plant is the yellowing ol leaves on one side of the stalk ind the growing bed usuallj turns yellow and bends towarc the affected side of the plant rhe other side of the plant maj >r may not wilt at first, bul iventually the disease takes th< entire plant. The disease may b< identified by removing the sof1 outer part of the bark where th< surface of the wood will be founi to be brown. In 1945 the General Assembly of North Carolina appropriatei money for an experiment sta tion to be set up either in Col ambus or Robinson County t< do experimental work on fusariun wilt in tobacco. Fusariuni wilt in tobacco ii closely allied with the same dis case of sweet potatoes. Therefore it is necessary in combating thii disease that, when fusarium wil is found either in tobacco or ii sweet potatoes, this field shouk be left out of tobacco productioi from four to five years. Corn peanuts, small grain, and cottoi are the best known crops to plan in a field affected by fusariun wilt. It is the hope of the tobacci farmers that within the next fev years our experiment station wil find a wilt-resistant variety o tobacco in order to check thi disease before it does too mud ilumsifrp Advises Keeping Laying Hens Cool Poultryman Can Help Hem Hold Better Productioi By Providing Cool House: YVbcn tlie temperature goes u] and egg production in the laytaj flock goes down, the poultryma: can help his hens to hold bette production by providing coc houses and controlling externa parasites, says C. J. Maupin, Ex tension poultry specialist at Stat College. Insulating laying houses o having a double wall arrange ment is the best method of pro viding lower temperature in sum mer as well as warmer condi tions in winter. But, since man; poultry houses are not constnict cd in .this manner, the next bes bet is to have sufficient window or doors to provide good circula lion of air. It is especially gooi to have currents of air near th floor. Some poultrymen find it pro fitable to have portable section: In the ends and back of the lay ing house which can be remove* or lowered on hfnges to provid: more circulation of air. One of the newer ideas fo poultrymen having larger flock is to build a special type rang: shelter or shade shelter for lay ing hens in summer months. Hen may be moved to such house, . (Continued on Page F.ve) EST/ A Gooc Southport, N. C mkr k -A It Experiment Come To Area ! "?. Ml ing a common tobacco disease first found in North Carolina i section of the county. Very has been done with fusarium iers might expect that within that civo infpctprl with . CI 1 illO vnab UXV *<*Jbwwvv? >. ...? | 0 secure wilt-resistant variety I itant to the dreaded fusarium | _ ; Meatier Chicken 1 becomes Goal Of ! Poultry Leaders J .Aim At Helping Retain t Markets Foultrymen , Have Won During Meat I Shortage CHICAGO ? America's two' billion dollar poultry industry 1 was challenged today by 14 or - its national leaders to produce a - fast growing, better meat-type > chicken to nelp retain the mar, kets poultrymcn have won dur-j ing the current meat -shortage, j 5 A 48-state contest to develop1 a broad-breasted chi-ken ? com parable to the popular broad-j ' breasted turkey ? was announ-| s ced by the group, according to [ 1 D. D. Slade, secretary, Interna- j 1 tional Baby Chick Association, i 1 Lexington, Ky? who was elected! r chairman of a supervisory committee to formulate plans for the 1 contest. t Consisting of representatives of all major poultry associations I and key poultrymen of the U. S. j Department of Agriculturt, the 0: committee jjas been asked by A v i & p Food Stores to draw up II specifications for an ideal meatf type bird and to supervise diss tribution of ?8,000 in awards lj which the company has posted "to encourage the poultry- indus try to place increased empnasis on the production of a better meat chicken to insure greater profits for poultrymen and finer (poultry for consumers' dinner tables." | "The program is designed to crystallize thinking among all i' poultry breeders, from the large 11 hatchery man to the owner of a s i small backyard flock, on a chick;cn with an abundance of carvp 'ings," Slade said. "This is really ; a challenge to rural America's 11 j poultry producers. Up to this r j time poultry meat has been main>1 ly a by-product of egg produc,1 j tion. The committee will set - standards for a bird which will e! have a greater percentage of | meat to bony structure, larger r'proportion of white to dark meat -land a broaded breast well-flll ed with flesh ? in other words, - a chicken that will offer a great - - ? 1 j cr degree 01 uawi auu tvuviviy ncss and contain more meat than - ever before produced. The bird t must mature rapidly and the s breeding stock must maintain - high egg production." i From the poultryman'a angle, b Slade added, a* broad-breasted | chicken should mean more eco-1 nomical growth ? more nleat per s pound of feed eaten, which has - a lot to do with profits. i I The contest will last three e' years and will bring a $5,000 (cash prize to the poultryman r | breeding the best bird. Annual s | progress awards will total $3,000. e| * A South African race called s | the Cape Colored is a mixture of s i Malay, Hottentot, Bantu and j European. I \te 1 News paper I Wednesday. August IStng County A | Balanced Outlines Needs For Greater Social Ad Communities Of Importance Of creation, Sc Chur % BY C. D. RAPER, i County Agent 1 I wish to discuss POST-WAR < RURAL LIVING AND SOCIAL ! FACILITIES in Columbus Coun- i ;y. Agriculture is our livelihood t ind almost our whole life, either < directly or indirectly. We are i and will be for some time to come < known as an Agricultural Coun- j ty, so if I digress some into other ; phases, it will be for one pur- i pose: to bring about a better un- \ derstanding between agriculture, industry, and labor. 1 Our whole economic structure may be compared to a three- ' legged stool, with agriculture as ( one leg, industry as another, and : labor as the third. 1 This year home canning is one !of the nation's most important | I wartime programs on the home i [front and every North Carolina' homemaker who can will partici-| ! pate wholeheartedly in this pro- j gram. The homemaker should first I plan the amount of food she I should can at home to meet her .family's needs. The North Caro[lina canned foods budget set up I for a six month's period calls for As long as each leg has ap- : proximately the same strength state and length, our economy? ' county, state and national?is on , a fairly even keel and we have 1 relative prosperity. But when any i leg is lengthened or shortened 1 with respect to the other two, we find ourselves in uncertain < situations; and when the equality ' becomes too great, the whole sit- J uation collapses and periods of < more or less depression result. We have lived through periods of ; this kind; therefore, it is neces- ' sary that all three legs remain t relatively the same length and of the same strength, or economic ' conditions will be much disturbed. Better farm family living en-( compasses so much that it might , well be described as the crowning, social objective of farm life. The quality of family living af-! fects the physical, mental, spirit- i ual and social development of all! rural people, young and old. It determines whether able, interprising youth make up the ranks of those who will be the farmers i of the next generation here in Columbus County, and whether rural people who go to the city make their greatest possible contribution there. In many of our farm families, the income is too small to provide an adequate level of living. [Yet, it is equally true that it is not only the size of the income as such, but rather what people [want and are able to get for it,' [which determines the quality of [ living. It is clear to me that not] only do farm families need ade-[ ! quate incomes, but they also j need to use their income much more wisely and to have avail-] able those tilings which make [ for good living. BUBAL SCHOOLS SHOULD BE] LM PROVED The educational resources to] which rural people have access] Expert Advise Of Fru; By MRS. MARY BcAELISTER. N. C' State College | The 1945 food supply is of ; paramount interest to every, homemaker as the demand on American produced food is great-j ' cr now than ever before. We are I told that there will not be enough I commercially-canned fruits and I vegetables to meet civilian needs; | next winter. To offset the scare-j :ity of commercially canned foods, t every homemaker who has fresh I fruits and vegetables available, j should have as her goal to pre-| serve what her family will need | at home. por' n A Good Co 1st, 1945 ;inc( gent Has Program Better Living Anc vantages In Rural County; Stresses Electricity, Rehools And ches ire _ of singular importance, botl re cause of the influence of edu ration in the rural community it self and because boys and girl; :rom the farms help maintaii :he urban population. All of oui :hildren in Columbus attende< rural or urban schools, and mos )f our schools are not capable o: providing the kind of training poung people need for lives o naximum richness and usefulnes; rnder modern conditions. Part of the difficulty is tha rural elementary teachers, as s :lass, receive low incomes. Man; >f them are poorly trained an< ire not rural minded. Often the; rave unpleasant living quarters ind too frequently they are sub jected to excessive local criticism rhese condition, when they oc :ur and they have and are stil Happening in our county, do no ittract people adequately pre pared to be teachers and leaders Rural high scnoois in man, cases are similarly inadequate There are high schools with to few teachers and too small t Dffer courses diversified enougl to meet the varied needs of ou youth. It is also unfortunatel; true that too few rural childre; attend high school. There is need also for educa tional opportunities other tha: those provided in regular schoc courses. In all communities, th schools and Extension Servic must offer training for adults a well as youth in vocational, fam ily life, civic and cultural field for the purpose of improving th social and economic life of run people. BETTER HEALTH AND VTlTOlTinV IMF.FXIS Although farm people have cs sentially the same health prot lems as urban dwellers, they ar not so adequately served by fac; lites .for sanitation, prcventiv medicine, surgery, and othe health services. There has always been too fci doctors, dentists and nurses i rural communities, largely due t people in those professions har ing an opportunity to earn large incomes and obtain better facil ties for their work in the citie The sparseness of farm popult tion in many areas makes it dil ficult to provide adequate healt services and facilities. We have come a long wa; with a modern hospital here, bt adequate medical carc must t made availablo to all groups. r< gardless of their incomes. Man plans to achieve the goal ha\ already been proposed, but tl' (Continued on Page Five) s Canning its, Vegetable; 32 quarts of vegetables; quarts of fruits; 10 quarts < meat; 1 quart each of jell; kraut, pickle, and relish; 2 quarl of jam; 10 pounds of dric vegetables; and 8 pounds of drie fgruits for each person in tl family. In western North Ca: olina, where the growing seaso is limited to three or foi months, increase the above fij ures by one-half or more. Foods are preserved by fi\ different methods. The first ar most popular is canning. A fruits and tomatoes are preserve in a boiling water bath canne Meats and all vegetables exce] tomatoes must be preserved i a steam pressure canner. Other methods of preservir are the freezing of fruits, veee ables, and meats; the drying i the fruits and vegetables; tl brining of vegetables and meat and the storage of fall vegetable fruits, and cured meats. There are seven points to 1 constantly in mind in the hon (.Continued on Page Seven* r pii mmunity ^1.50 jLUMBI * Control Of W ' Beds Is Grea i1 One of the greatest lab< plants is the practice of c( plant beds. Mr. J. H. White ported this spring that the ( co beds for weed control cut plant beds from nine days in on 800 square yards of bed North Carolina Quadruples Ice [| Cream Quantity June Dairy Months Report Shows Big Increase In Ice Cream, Sherbert And Cheese i BY THOMPSON GREENWOOD, Editor N. C. Department of n Agriculture >1 I (Advance) ? Raleigh. ? North el Carolina now pioduces about four e | times as much ice cream as was s I manufactured 20 years ago; sher1 I bets have gone from nothing to 11,000,000 gallons in this time; e j and cheese from 60,000 pounds to 742,000 pounds, according to the annual June Dairy Month release by the Crop Repoiting Service of the State Department of i- Agriculture. This State's milk production In e 1925 was approximately 1,100,000,000 pounds, and this figure reI mained static for about six years, e; beginning a climb in the latter :r part of 1931 which carried it to j 1,405,000,000 pounds in 1938. " Although 1940 and 1941 pron duction was about the same as o for 1938, an upward trend felt r- slightly in 1940 carried milk prolr duction to 1,540,000,000 pounds in 1944, according to figuies and estimates compiled by the, Crop Reporting Service and the departp" ment's Dairy Division. The reports of 19 dairy proh ducts Manufacturers last year showed 1,725,000 pounds of creamf, ery butter produced in this State it during 1944. Reports from 52 ic manufacturers included 9,382,000 gallons of icc cream produced for * wholesale, and 537.000 gallons manufactured for direct retail c sales. le Cheese manufacture showed 'considerable expansion during the " year, too. Condensed milk was '6,667,000 pounds and evaporated J milk near 27,000,000 pounds. A high percentage of these products 'went to the armed forces, i The high peak for cheese pro? duction was from August through ' December, while that for ice .scream was June through August. In the nation, milk production 14 totaled 38,300,000,000 pounds for >t the first four months of this /, year, which is 1,000,000,000 more ts pounds than the January-April, id 1944 output, apd was at an adid justed seasonal rate of over 121,le 000,000,000 pounds, r- While pointing out that this in high level production may not ir continue throughout the year, r- Frank Parker, head of the de partment's Statistics division, is re of the opinion that milk producid tion this year will exceed any J1 previous year on record. !{j Basing his prophecy on Bureau r. of Agricultural Economics esti5t mates, Parker said that farmers' in prices for milk this year will probably maintain a satisfactory ,g level with those realized in 1911. t- Demand for most dairy products Df will continue to exceed the supie plies because of large non-civilS) ian needs and strong consumer ,a> purchasing power. i With the record seasonally larae ge milk flow, the War Food Adie ministration has relaxed some of | (Continued on Page Four) ,0T PER YEA* rMJBLlbH JS0U1 eeds On Plant t Labor Saver )r savers in growing tobacco mtrolling weeds on tobacco , of Whiteville, Koute 1, re:hemical treatment of tobachis labor spent weeding his i 1944 to nine hours in 1945 The material used in treating | beds cost him $18.80. A number | (of other growers in this part of ; the county report that they have J had almost similar results since | they have started treating their j plant beds in the fall to control! weeds next spring. In practical-! ly every demonstration conducted in this county the producers report much better plants where ! cyanamid or uranium was used. Since labor is scarce, farmers should start making their plans | toward ti eating their tobacco beds this fall in order to save as much! ! time next spring as possible and,' at the same time, produce better' j tobacco plants. The material must be used atj least 90 days prior to seeding., This means that our tobacco beds for 1946 should be broken and disked up during September or I the first fifteen days of October. The bed should be located and, prepared by plowing, disking, and harrowing until the soil is com-' pletely pulverized and no clods, i are left on the bed larger than i a man's thumb. The cyanamid or uranium used to control weeds J j kills the weed and causes themj not to germinate. After the bed; is thoroughly pulverized, the cyanamid or Uranium should be applied at the rate of 75 pounds per 100 square yards of plant bed and cultivated so that the material and soil are thoroughly j mixed with the first three to four I inches of top soil. After it is I thoroughly mixed with the soil, 1 the rough surface should be smoothed over with the peanut, seeder or hand rake. The re-! jmaining 25 pounds should be sp-j [plied on top and lightly raked I or gone over with seeder. At seed[ing time the bed should be raked ! lightly, fertilizer applied, and the j jseed sown. This method, when 'properly done will control 90 per | cent to 98 per cent of the weeds j 1 that bother our tobacco plant j beds, and, at the same time, we I can produce healthy tobacco! plants. | Fight Pullorum In Turkeys, Says Part Of State's Program For More Meat Will Be Sabotaged If Pullorum Gets Upperhand RAI.VTCH?An imnnrtant hart of North Carolina's effort for more poultry meat will be sabo-! taged if pullorum disease in turkeys is allowed to get the upper hand this year, said L. J. j Fourie, poultry disease specialist with the State Department of Agriculture, recently. "Turkey raisers are urged to take every possible precaution against pullorum," said Fourie, j adding that if infection shows up I in a flock the infected birds I should be isolated immediately. Birds which survive should be toemarked and raised separately, and should under no circum, stances be used as breeders. Fre-! quent cleaning and disinfecting of ! (Continued on Page Four) SECTION II I I IED EVERY WEDNESDAY I HED r i I North Carolina J Led The Nation A In Production I Tar Heel State Topped 21 I Of 48 States Producing I Tobacco In 1944; Kentucky Came Second I Twenty-one of the 48 states J I grew tobacco last year?and North Carolina led the nation, j producing 755,606,000 pounds on ' j 694,300 acres. In second place was Kentucky, with 477,020,000 pounds on 410,600 acres. Virginia ranked third, ealizing 144,691,000 pounds off 134,900 acres. The figures were announced yesterday by the Crop Reporting Service of the State Department of Agriculture. Although this State outstripped j'!' all other in acreage and total jJl production, it was in 13th place J in yield per acre, averaging 1,088 pounds. Massachusetts led in the per-acre yield, with 1,646 pounds; Pennsylvania was second, with 1,560; Wisconsin third, with 1,500. Figures given for Southern states were 1,150 for South Carolina; 1.133, for Tennessee; and 1,161 for Kentucky. The total poundage for the United States last year was 1,- J : 950,213,000, as compared with I it 1,406,196,000 pounds in 1943. The ' value of the nation's tobacco crop was 5814,956,000 for 1944 and 5569,798,000 in 1943. The average i price lust year was 41.8 cents per pound, against 40.5 cents in 1943. Connecticut farmers averaged )J 75.9 cents per pound for tobacco, and Maryland was in second ' j place, at 57 cents. North Caro- ' I lina placed seventh, at 43.2 cents per pounds. The value of North Carolina's crop was 5326,619,000. In second f) place in value was Kentucky, at Sl97.254.000. At the bottom of the list was Louisiana, whose I farmers realized 589,000 from I their 210,000 pounds sold in 1944. Massachusetts and Connecticut, i[ which go in heavily on the pro- ,i duction of tobacco for cigar wrappers, averaged $1.70 per | pound for leaf of this variety last year, said the release. Flue-cured tobacco last season ! I averaged 42.2 cents per pound; five cured, 24.5 cents; light aircured, 44.7 cents. ?ijl The following states produced "j ; j tobacco last year: Massachusetts, * jU [ Connecticut, New York, Pennsy- J", Ivania, Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Missouri, Kansas, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and Louisiana. Spring Pig Crop Was Sharply Cut 400,000 Head Less Than Two Years Ago And 236, 000 Fewer Than Last Year, Morgan Says KALEIGH?The North Carolina spring pig crop was nearly 400,000 head less than the record production two years ago and 236,000 head smaller than last year's crop, J. J. Morgan, crop reporting specialist with the ijl State Department of Agriculture, |l lias reported. He said the spring pig crop is estimated at 598,000, and at- , C tributcd the drastic drop to mar- j kct restrictions and ' low prices in the fall of 1943 and the spring ij: of 1944. Discouraged by unsettled conditions and an uncertain . L future, farmers sold their sows, i according to Morgan, who placed the 1945 spring pig crop at 30 per cent below that of 1944, 38 per cent less than in 1943, and , 17 per cent under the 10-year (1934-43) average. "The spring pig crop normally reaches market in fete summer and fall months. Since more of . t I the reduction was made by farm- f ers growing hogs for market t than for home use, marketings | from this spring's pig crop, no , doubt, will be decreased more than 30 per cent from a year |. earlier," said Morgan. Weather conditions during the spring season were favorable and farmers reported an averaee of j 6.3 pigs saved per litter as compared with an average of 6.0, tba ; ( (Continued on Fags 3) . 1
State Port Pilot (Southport, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 1, 1945, edition 1
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