WHO’S NEWS THIS WEEK By LEMUEL F. PARTON NEW YORK.—England pioneered the businessman - diplomat— ahrewdly and effectively, it would 6eem. Many of her best fixers and negotiators Beat Fixers throughout the Have Stake world have been In Deals men who had a personal stake In the outcome of their operations. They were not disinterested, per haps, but no more were the tradi tional diplomats who knew protocol, perhaps, but nothing about oil. America followed with Nor man H. Davis, a financier who became an effective European swing man under five Presi dents, and then came Spruille Braden, engineer and industrial ist who was our ambassador-at large in Latin America until he became minister to Colombia last April. President Roosevelt, agreeing to act as an arbitrator in the Chaco dispute, picks Mr. Braden to repre sent him. In his own private indus trial diplomacy throughout South America, the husky and gregarious Mr. Braden has proved himself an excellent pacifier and trouble shooter. He knows the score in oil, copper, rubber, minerals, hides and what not, and this ma Braden Wise terialized and par In Latin ticularized diplo Diplomacy macy has made him useful in dip lomatic representations at various South American conferences. He has been working on the Chaco set tlement for the last three years. In his youth, he did a short turn in the mines near Elkhom, Mont., his native town, and then went to Yale and became a mining engi neer. He was a second-string halfback at Yale, but a first string engineer and promoter from the start, elec trifying Chile for Westinghouse, or ganizing the Bolivia-Argentina Ex ploration corporation, branching out widely in South American develop ment and finance. He desperately wanted to be minister to Chile, but was consoled with Colombia. He is forty-four years old, re membered in New York as the fastest and hardest-working handball player around Jack O’Brien’s gymnasium, in which he combated a tendency to plumpness, creeping np on him a bit in late years. He was married in 1915 to the beautiful and socially eminent Se norita Maria Humeres del Solar of Chile. They have three daughters and two sons. Their New York res idence is the former George W. Per kins estate at Riverdale-on-the-Hud son. ft ft ft CARL J. HAMBRO, burly presi dent of the Norwegian parlia ment, is in America for a lecture tour. There is an interesting cut back in his career. Predicted At Geneva, in Collapse 1927, he staged Of League a spectacular de bate with Austen Chamberlain, in which, speaking for the small states, he vehemently in sisted that the league must find a way to restrain strong aggressors, or else find itself impotent and dis credited in a few years. With equal vehemence, Mr. Chamberlain proclaimed the trustworthiness of the strong' states and their humanitarian aims. Warning Mr. Hambro against overt restraints by the league, he said, “Along that road lies danger.” Mh Hambro was the most distin guished recruit of the Oxford group movement in 1935, and has since been a leader of the movement in Norway. Returning from a luncheon attend ed by Dr. Frank Buchman, founder of the movement, in Geneva, he told of the mystic exaltation of the com pany and later announced his ad herence to the group. Although a conservative, Mr. Hambro is the president of the La bor party of Norway. For many years, he has been leading the fight of the smaller nations in the league. Arriving in New York, he remarks dryly that Norway is old-fashioned —she has a surplus in her budget. €) Consolidated News Features. WNU Service. Platinum Once of No Value Old prospectors like to tell how they picked “native lead” out of their pans and sluiceboxes, and what they said as they threw it away. They are still saying things, for this much despised substance was actually platinum, which had little value years ago. Counterfeit ers used it extensively because of its heavy weight, and gold-plated platinum coins are still in existence. In 1828-45 Nicholas I of Russia is sued platinum 3, 6 and 12 rouble pieces that are highly prized by the coin collecting fraternity.—Detroit Coin Club. Jap-Russ War—G. 0. P. Principles—Medical Trust? 1—Warfare on the Siberian-Manchurian frontier has resulted in bloody encounters between the armies of Japan and Soviet Russia. Soldiers of the Mikado such as these have engaged the Red forces. 2-Formulation of principles for the guidance of the Republican party are discussed at a Chicago meeting of the program committee* of which Dr Glenn Frank, left, John D. M. Hamilton and Col. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., are mem hers™ Dr Irvin”Abel, president of th* American Medical association, now the target of a C. S. depart ment of justice investigation to determine whether “organized medicine” has violated antitrust laws in oppos ing co-operative health societies. BABE’S RIVAL Threatening to surpass the great Babe Ruth’s record of 60 home runs set in 1927, Bank Greenberg, the slugging Detroit Tigers’ first base man, is already well ahead of the pace set by the Babe in the year of his greatest glory. Typical American Girl Meet Miss Frances Donelon who has been chosen as the "Typical American Girl” following a nation-wide poll on the ten most beautiful and popular artists’ and photographers* models. She is shown relaxing on the sands at Atlantic City. Travel in Fair Style Sitting pretty in the ricksha is Zoe Dell Lantis, model for the 1939 Golden Gate International exposition at San Francisco, Calif., as Roth Peterson, another exposition beanty, takes her for a spin around Treasure island, site of the world’s fair of the West. CZECH MEDIATOR Viscount Runciman, former presi dent of the British Board of Trade, who as an official mediator is at tempting to avert an open break be tween Germany and Czechoslovakia over the Sudeten problem. The Brit ish emissary has urged the Czech government to make further con cessions to the Sudeten German population. 82-Year-Old Watchman Father of 26th Child . ■ i mi— mii'"t i him wn i' George Boarman, eighty-two-year-old Washington, D. C., watchman, with his |wenty-one-year-old wife anc their newly born son. Mr. Boarman, who has been married three times, is the father of 25 other childre , of whom are living. MrnekmrfM WaMtwfrm Wyrt MIXTURE OF RELIEF CASH AND POLITICS DANGEROUS Candidates’ Methods of Influencing Voters Scored by Washington Observer; Suggests Return to Flection of Senators by Legislatures By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, Netioeel JPreee Bid*., Weehledton, D. C. WASHINGTON. — I had finished reading my evening paper a few nights ago when I found myself quite down in the dumps. The news of the day was disturbing. It was vicious news in its implications. There was so much of it that was disturbing that I could not help won dering where we, as a people, are headed. On page one, there was an ac count of the bitter factional fight within the Democratic ranks in Ten nessee. Sen. George Berry was seeking re-election—rather, renomi nation—and Senator McKellar, his colleague, was fighting tooth and nail to prevent it. Party control in the state was the objective, and Marshall’! Apology Thomas R. Marshall, Vice President of the United States in the Wilson administration, once said: “I have only one apology that f know of to make for my political life. I apolo gise to the American people for hating been in fator of the election of United States sen ators by the people.” There, thinks William Bruckart, is the key to today’s problem. Let state legislators pick U. S. senators, he says, and we’ll be rid of the demagogue who is elected by his ability to prom ise more than the opposition. there were countless charges of the use of money, fedeial relief money, state payroll money, other money. TTiere was, likewise, a fight going on next door. In Kentucky, Gov. “Happy” Chandler was seeking the Democratic nomination to the sen* ate and Sen. “Dear Alben" Barkley wanted to be renominated and re elected. Also, the New Dealers in Washington, from President Roose velt on down wanted Senator Bark ley sent back, and the President had gone into Kentucky to tell the vot ers of his views. Again: money, federal relief money, state payroll money, charges of attempted trades of federal judgeships so that there would not have tc be a bitter pri mary fight like that which came. Mr. Hopkins’ Idea on Relief Votes Backfires Here in Washington, there was the greatest spender of all time, Mr. Harry Hopkins, head of the Works Progress administration and profes sional reliever of destitute persons whether they are politicians or the poor, popping off another idea. Mr. Hopkins was saying that 90 per cent of the relief clients would vote for President Roosevelt for a third term. It was a statement that im mediately caused a backfire from Capitol Hill where Senator Sheppard of Texas was saying as chairman of the committee investigating the use of relief money in politics, that there must be something done about such methods of influencing voters. In another place, I read how Gov ernor Earle of Pennsylvania was calling the state legislature into spe cial session there to enact laws that would prevent a grand jury from in vestigating some of the governor’s acts. The call for the special ses sion had been preceded, of course, by a terrific political fight over the Democratic nomination for United States senator in Pennsylvania, which was won by Governor Earle. The governor preferred to have the investigating done by members of the state legislature, if there was to be an inquiry, rather than by an in dependent group. The only way to prevent it was by a law taking away the authority of the courts and the grand jury. There were other states involved, toe. Senator McAdoo, who is seek ing renomination aa the Democratic senatorial candidate in California, was under fire. Some of his cam paigners, it was charged, were us ing coercion as well as federal re lief funds, while out in South Dakota opponents of Governor Berry, now the Democratic nominee for the United States senate, were bringing forth a new set of charges. They informed the senate committee here that the Farm Security administra tion in South Dakota had been send ing out a press release that bad nice things to say about Governor Berry. The press release was two years old, of course, but the FSA was mailing out many of them to voters—and paying no postage on them. It was another case of using the franking privilege, said the ac cusers. Politic* Hit* New Low With No Change in Sight It was enough to make one sick at the stomach; here was politics in a new quegmire, and no signs to in dicate that it is not a permanent condition. What, I thought, is go ing to be the type of men owning in to the United States senate with such background as these stories indi cated? And then, rawer in aisgust with ' the whole thing, I turned to a new book. The volume is titled "Nota ble Virginia Bar Addresses." Among the 27 speeches listed there, I decided to read that by the late Thomas R. Marshall. His ad dress, like all of the others, was in tended to preach good government and the obligations of the lawyer as well as the layman. In reading that speech, I came across this passage: “I have only one apology that I know of to make for my political life. I apologize to the American people for having been in favor of the election of United States sena tors by the people. My reason for it was different from the reason of many men. I had gotten tired of voting for some old rum-nosed Dem ocrat for the legislature in Indiana because a United States senator de pended on him for election; and I thought that I could raise the grade of legislators in Indiana by letting the people elect the United States senators. Now, it was an altruistic movement to make that change in the organic law of the United States; but, ladies and gentlemen, when it has resulted in the spending of half a million dollars to elect a senator, I want to know if the old fashioned government would not have been better.” Answer to Today’s Problem Gwen In 1920 And right there, I believe, is the guts of the present day problem. Mr. Marshall had held many elec tive offices and the speech from which I quoted the above passage was made while he was vice presKJ dent of the United States. He was ’ an observer and a student of poli tics. He saw in 1920 where we, as a people, were going and I have no doubt that he could have predicted exactly the set of circumstances we are meeting now. When Senator Norris of Nebraska, once a Republican, then a Demo crat, and now labeled as something else, drove the constitutional amend ment through congress and cleared the way for direct election of Unit ed States senators, he accomplished two things. (1) He made it possi ble for the purest type of dema gogue to win elections by his ability to “promise’' mere than the opposi tion, rewards, political patronage, pork barrel returns to the state and (2) he assured that vast sums of money can—indeed, must be—used to influence elections. And, in am plification of the second item, he made it possible for any administra tion, any dominant party, is con trol of the federal government to build up national and state ma chines jointly by using federal money. Too Many Senators Out for Greatest Amount of Swag I grant that corporations, "vested 1 interests,” formerly had too much J to say about the election of United States senators by state legislatures. But of the_iwo, I have oome to the conclusion that we had a better na tional administration and particular ly a better senate under that condi tion than under the system where every voter casts a ballot directly for a United States senatorial nom inee. That is why 75 per cent of the present senate members are nothing more or less than salesmen who are trying to collect for their states the greatest amount of swag which they can put over with their brother senators. That is why, too, day after day, we have watched cliques formed and trading done over legislation in the senate. The senators either are trying to make good on demagogic promises or they are building a storehouse to be used in the next campaign. Senator Norris may have thought he was performing a great service to the American people and he may have felt that he was building a monument for his name, but I am firmly convinced he did quite the contrary. For, be it known, were it not for Mr. Norris’ monumental amendment to the Constitution of the United States there could hardly oe such an outrage committed as that by Mr. Hopkins. It must be remembered that Mr. Hopkins nev er was elected; he is an appointee J of the President of the United States and is responsible to him alone. So when Mr. Hopkins flirts with a state electorate, there can be no other interpretation placed upon his ac tion than that he is using the influ ence available as a result of his did tatorship over relief distribution. It all depends, of course, upon how one views the functions and purposes of the United States sen ate. If, one wants the senate to be just a glorified house of representa tives, able to maintain itself solely on what pap it is able to li the laps of voters—then, we to keep the present system. If, ever, one believes as I do that the senate is comprised, or should be, of'senators of the United States in stead of senators of a state variety unconcerned with the Union of states, then there could well be re peal of the amendment • Wtatrn Nmpw« VtOom.