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....... ,il ii THE BEAUFORT NEWS, BEAUFORT, N. C. THURSDAY, JUNE 18, 1942 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Jap Naval Losses Off Midway Island Strengthen U. S. Position in Pacific; Terrific Bombing Attacks by British Stun Nazi's War Effort in Rhineland (EDITOR'S NOTE When opinions art expressed In these columns, they are those of the news analyst and not necessarily of this newspaper.) Released by Western Newspaper Union. L cV ts? ft A iff' ''$h-)tr lomm."m-'ttiiiihiiifiia ''"-)'-' "iiiiiiiinniiiiifiuiiiinMiiiiimiiiiiiMi in im i fTrmmaiMi hi i This unusual photo shows representatives of the British common wealth gathered at the Washington airport to welcome Sir Owen Dixon, new Australian minister to the United States. Left to right: Walter Nash, New Zealand: Sir Owen Dixon, Australia; Ralph W. Close, Union of South Africa; Sir R. I. Campbell, British embassy, and Leighton McCarthy, Canada. MIDWAY: Melee "Pearl Harbor has now been par tially avenged. Vengeance will not be complete until Japanese sea pow er has been reduced to impotence. We have made substantial progress in that direction." With these blunt, stirring words, Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, command er in chief of the Pacific fleet, an nounced a decisive United States na val victory at Midway Island. In a remarkable demonstration of the co ordinated power of the three Ameri can services navy, army and ma rines a Japanese invasion fleet was repulsed with the greatest losses of the current war. From 14 to 17 Japanese warships were sunk or damaged, according to early reports. Included were two or three aircraft carriers sunk and one or two lost; three battleships damaged, four or six cruisers dam aged, three transports damaged and one destroyer sunk. Continuing at tacks on the fleeing enemy made it impossible to state whether the ships bombed in pursuit had been dam aged previously. At the conclusion of the four-day action, Adm. Ernest J. King, com mander in chief of the American fleet, hinted that the United States has a chance to knock out Japan as a sea power. The battle, he said, may determine the outcome of the war in the Pacific. Hawaii, he said, "must be held at all costs," because it is the key stone to the entire Pacific defense system. Midway, 1,312 miles from Pearl Harbor, is a vital outpost in the Hawaiian defense. U-BOAT MENACE: On the Run? Axis submarines operating along the Eastern seaboard have been driven out into the Atlantic, accord ing to Chairman Carl Vinson (Geor gia) of the house naval affairs com mittee. His disclosure came in a formal statement which added that the "anti-submarine warfare organiza tion has passed through its period of growing pains and is now well established and functioning effec tively." "In dealing with submarines we have a tough and clever enemy," the statement said, "and it does not pay to be unduly optimistic. How ever, the fact remains that in the last few weeks the submarine has largely withdrawn lrom our eastern seaboard and is operating farther at sea . . ." "The committee has full con fidence that we shall defeat the submarine." V-MAIL: F or Soldiers U. S. army units in England and Northern Ireland are now using a new and unique mail system for contacts with the United States. Known as V-mail, this system pro vides that letters may be dispatched to a central station, censored and then photographed on small rolls of microfilm. Under army direction these rolls are then sent to the United States where they are developed and pho tostatic copies are presented to the postal service and sent through reg ular mails to the addressee. Value of plan lies in the fact that microfilm saves cargo space in eliminating mail shipments. POISON GAS: Another Warning Within a month after , Winston Churchill had warned Germany that any use of gas warfare by the Nazis would be met with the same tactics. President Roosevelt has warned Ja pan that if she persists in using gas against China the U. S. will re taliate in "kind and full measure." This statement by the President came as a confirmation of reports that Japan was using noxious gases In battles with the Chinese. SEA RAID: On Australia The cities of Sydney and Newcas tle on Australia's southeast coast were shelled by Japanese forces in the first sea raid on that country's mainland since the beginning of the war. Termed "nuisance" raids by Gen eral MacArthur's headquarters, these first attacks caused little dam age and there were few casualties. Submarines were used for the at tack. At Sydney the shells whistled over the city so fast it was impossible to estimate their number. Newcas tle was shelled for 30 minutes. Both cities were blacked out and resi dents hustled to their air raid shel ters. The attacks came only a week after four of the enemy's midget submarines were destroyed as they attempted a sortie into Sydney's harbor. Also in the same week three and possibly four other subs were destroyed in the southwest Pa cific. Increased submarine activity off the lower Australian coast was be lieved to be aimed at cutting Al lied communications and supply lines as well as an attempt to divert United Nations' naval units from the more major scenes of action, I.E., between Alaska and Hawaii. SECOND FRONT: In Germany's Air The stunning effect of the monster RAF bombing raid upon Cologne be came known to the world when the first newspapers from that historic Rhineland city reached neutral ter ritory. Cologne, as its people knew it, is forever lost, according to the dis patches. Whole quarters of the town are empty, and a Stockholm news paper, quoting a German dispatch, reported that all the property of at least 10,000 persons had been de stroyed completely. The central dis trict of the city was ruined and damage reached far into the city's outskirts. The Koelnische Zeitung, Cologne newspaper, said: "Those who survived the night . . . and who on the morrow looked at the city were fully aware that they had bade farewell forever to their Cologne, because the damage Is enormous and because the Integral part of the character and even the traditions of the city are gone for ever." While the Cologne bombing was followed by a 1,000-bomber attack on Essen, home of the great Krupp armament plants, a complete pic ture of the damage to that Industrial center Is lacking. However, Eng land was jubilant over these "sec ond front" activities. The initial raid on Essen was followed the next night by a second "mopping up" raid, employing an estimated 400 bombers. BRIEFS: DAUGHTERS: Cautioning that se vere labor shortages may develop, Secretary of Agriculture Claude Wickard has urged rural families to keep their daughters on the farm to help with war food production. INDEPENDENT Despite Adolf Hitler's surprise visit to Finland, a government spokesman stated that the nation would "continue to steer a strictly independent course." LOSS After two months of opera tions over Burma, the U. S. air forces have announced the loss of their first heavy bomber in that area. Meanwhile they have been doing a terrific job of blasting Japa nese offensive plans. FOOD Approximately 1,300 fac tories employing 20,000 workers will be closed by orders originating in Vichy, France. The workers will be diverted to a labor pool to man farms expected to produce food re serves for next winter and to pro vide volunteers for labor in German war factories. LIBYA: Tank Tangle The battle of Libya entered its most violent phase as thousands of tanks took part in a raging fight in the desert at Knightsbridge. Two heavy German tank attacks were repulsed as the British struck an other dent in the Axis salient in their lines south of Tobruk. Marshal Erwin Rommel was re ported in the Knightsbridge area 15 miles south of Tobruk, directing his men in a desperate attack against the hard-fighting British. The Nazis were sent reeling back south and west of Harmat, six miles south of Knightsbridge. Experts looked upon Harmat as an extremely important position since it was near an escape gap in the British mine field. With the British in possession, there could be no wholesale Axis escape. GAS RATIONING: Revolt in House The congressional fight against nationwide gasoline rationing broke into the open when Rep. Jed John son of Oklahoma introduced a con current resolution opposing such a step until the house gets proof that the move is necessary. The resolution declared that there is a surplus of oil in Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma and other producing states and that nationwide rationing would cripple the war effort The War Production board proposed the rationing program to conserve rub ber rather than gasoline, of which there admittedly is no shortage. The Johnson resolution was sub mitted following a boisterous caucus session of 100 members of the house. The resolution instructed Rep. Rich ard M. Kleberg of Texas, who was elected chairman, to appoint a com mittee of five house members to con fer with a similar committee of the senate to take necessary steps. YOUTH AGENCIES: House Acts At the same time as the house of representatives refused to abolish the National Youth administration. this branch of congress voted to end the life of Civilian conservation corps. The standing vote on NYA was 118 to 62 in favor of retaining the agency. Voting was on the specific motion by Rep. Everett M. Dirksen (R., 111.) to cut $49,700,000 from NYA funds in its current appropriation. His plan would have restricted NYA activities to a $5,000,000 student-aid training program for the next year. FOOD: New Control In wartime, food for fighting men is always of prime importance. With this fact in mind the government has now moved to assure ample supplies of U. S. forces and the armed units of United Nations. Cre ation of a nine-member food require ments committee headed by Secre tary of Agriculture Claude Wickard has been announced by the War Pro duction board. This agency has been granted power to designate what foods may or may not be produced; what com modities are to be allowed for im port or export; and to regulate the distribution of foodstuffs. While attention was thus being drawn to the nation's food supply, the department of agriculture was quick to declare that it should not be assumed that shortages of food CLAUDE WICKARD Heads nine-man committee. or rationing of most foods are in prospect. An analysis of the step however would indicate that this new board might eventually find it necessary to make rather definite changes in the eating habits of U. S. civilians. While the total supply of food for 1942 is expected to be the largest on record and more than enough for U. S. needs plus the demands of England and Russia, it is conceiva ble adjustments in normal food pro duction and consumption may be come necessary. PRODUCTION: Indication that U, S. military pro duction was hitting its full stride was gathered from the statement by Undersecretary of War Patterson to the effect that the army now has all the weapons it can send abroad under present shipping conditions and also enough to arm every sol dier In the U. S. This was true, he said, despite the fact that almost twice as many light arms are re quired per man since the develop ment of parachute troops. -n, .Ii-iii.,lniiinnr1 tj.imiMiiTntiril .nini Canal Zone Ready for All Comers Panama Jungles Now Huge Armed Camp. By CHARLES A. SINGLER Released by Western Newspaper Union. OUR canal zone is one of the hottest spots in the Western hemisphere, both meteorologically and strate gically, and is becoming in creasingly "hotter" as the war wears on and the possi bilities of an enemy thrust by land or sea, or by both, be come more imminent. The Panama Canal is not only our proudest national possession, but a vital link in the U, S. chain of defense for tifications. Little wonder, then, that the eyes of Europe, Asia and all America are turned towards this narrow but important waterway which military forethought and engineering skill provided for our nation some twenty seven years ago. The Canal Zone is 50 miles long and about 10 miles wide. Approxi mately 95 square miles of this is under water. The canal itself is about 34 miles In length and 87 feet high. Deep jungle growths crowd densely upon all sides, furnishing Ideal concealment for gun emplace ments. AU Is 'On the Alert.' In these lush, steaming jungles where there seems to be no life ex cept that of the countless strange birds and jungle animals that live by the code of tooth and claw, there are many eyes watching; all on the alert. Here brave U. S. boys are waiting for the planes to come, and somehow or other hoping that may be they will, to relieve the deadly monotony of life in the deep jungle. Here under the concealing drapery of leaves and branches great naval rifles point forever out to sea with their silent threat to all who may come that way, unbidden. These great 16-inch coastal defense rifles out-range the guns of most battle ships. Practice is constantly going on, mostly with the use of dud loads, for Uncle Sam cannot afford to waste costly ammunition or the pre cious rifling of these big guns on a harmless sea. And here under the same friendly foliage, "ack-ack" guns bristle to wards the sky, a hidden challenge to any air armada or lone enemy bomber which may be rash enough to venture near the canal. Jungle fo liage also conceals cool hideouts for gunners caves in which long gleam ing rows of shells, some of them inscribed with loving names for the enemy, await the day or night when the call for action comes. In these caves the "day" is 24 hours long. During all this time gun crews stand on the alert, ready to pour a hot wel come into the sullen .jungle skies. During the "off" periods the men re pair to more comfortable barracks, completely camouflaged, to gain the needed exercise and recreation. Underground Cities. In the Panama Canal Zone are also secret island fortresses where underground cities, carved from sheer rock, offer a threat to the would be invader. Switchboards have been installed, and when the time comes, if it should, tons of red hot trouble will pour from these for tresses to make the invader wish he had stayed closer to home. Not only does the jungle shroud great naval and anti-aircraft guns, ready for instant action, but also hid den airdromes, full of planes poised I.. ' I. i , i Mir u,fi if r fa 1 "ill V "'--!Z!,,s I mm. uJLk.... I-3 V- V. 1 View of a ship hi the locks showing In the foreground the restricted lock gate mechanism. Small Boats to Dodge Subs by Intracoastal Route Repeated suggestions that the gasoline shortage in the eastern seaboard states might be partly met by use of barges in the Intracoastal Waterway have brought this shel tered route into the news, especially so since the submarine menace. In-tra-coastal Waterway is a 3,500-mile route, mostly land-protected, from Boston along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts to the Rio Grande. From Boston to New York the depth of the waterway is ample, For Protection Dr. Octavio Fabrega, foreign minister of the Republic of Panama, pictured (right) as he signed the agreement whereby Panama agreed to establishment of bases within the republic, for the protection of the canal by the United States. At left Is Edwin C. Wilson, ambassador to Panama. The agreement, which was signed May 18, 1912, involves the use of some 40,000 acres in the republic by the U. S. armed forces. for flight, ready to do their bit for Uncle Sam. It conceals keen-eyed watchers on the alert for surprise attacks and treachery. Pearl Har bor has not been forgotten. Great forts stand at either ocean entrance to the canal, and swift na val vessels are constantly on guard. P-T boats, those swift messengers of death which accounted for more than one Jap warship in Manila bay and which got General MacArthur out of Bataan, are ready to lend their speed and their fighting power to the defense of the waterway. These deadly "mosquito boats," as they are called, carry an anti-aircraft gun that hurls a 20 mm. ex plosive shell which is bad medicine for attacking planes. P-Ts can also raise havoc amidst surface craft with their deadly torpedoes and blast a sub from the deep with depth charges. Where 'Walls Have Ears.' Unseen sentinels move about through the Panama jungle, as ubiquitous as all outdoors, popping up when least expected. No action escapes unseen; no spoken word is unheard. Here is a place where, indeed, "the walls have ears." Land mine units are on the qui vive, wait ing to do their share in rendering enemy progress dangerous and slow. Packed away in the jungle, too, there is infantry the inevitable in fantryto which we must all pin our hopes to push the enemy back if he should succeed in gaining a foot hold in this vital area. With the advent of the new trans-Isthmian highway the speedy movement of troops from one end of the canal to the other a 48-mile run is an ac complished fact. Dangers Facing Us. These are some of the things that are awaiting those who have lost their respects for territorial rights. And now, having had a glimpse of the canal's defenses, let us consider briefly from which direction and in what form any thrust at the canal may come. As the most strategic spot in our hemisphere, and offering an oppor tunity of bottling up our fleet in ei ther ocean, it can safely be as sumed that our enemies will want to smash the canal at the earliest possible date, regardless of all haz ards, and will leave nothing undone to attain this objective. Their plans might take shape in the form of small raiding parties or in vast ar madas of bombers and fighter planes. Then, too, we are faced with the menace of secret bases. We must not forget the lesson of the Jap mandated Marshall islands on which secret bases were built in open de fiance of international treaties. The uninhabited Jungles of nearby Cen tral and South America might pro- but shelter from sea attack is lim ited to that provided by Cape Cod and Long Island, says the National Geographic society. From New York to Norfolk the route that will eventually take shape is by a wide, deep trans-Jersey canal from Sayre ville on the Raritan to Bordentown on the Delaware, then through the industry-lined channel of the Dela ware's upper tidewater to the Chesa peake and Delaware canal and into the Chesapeake bay. of Panama Canal vide aerial hideouts for the treach erous Japs or the deceitful and ever diligent Nazis. With Franco "playing ball" con tinually with Adolf Hitler, Islands such as the Spanish Canaries and the Portuguese Azores, or the many small isles that dot the Caribbean, might furnish springboards for hos tile wings. Danger From the Sea. Airplane carriers, steaming ahead at full speed all night, or for sev eral nights, as in the case of the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, of fer serious potential dangers. Once within 500 miles of the Canal Zone they could launch their planes in the gray of the dawn. They know full well that just one big "egg" dropped in a lock, would hatch loads of trouble for Uncle Sam. We must bear in mind that without the canal in operation a 50-mile trip becomes a 13,000-mile cruise "around the Horn," either way you take it, with its terrific loss of precious time and greatly increased operating costs. The battleship Oregon made one such emergency trip during the Spanish-American war, and arrived on the scene in time to turn the tide of battle, but we have neither the time nor the Inclination for this sort of thing in this war with the Axis. Nothing must happen to the Panama canall Friendly but Questionable Isles. Let us look in another direction. One thousand miles to the southwest of the Canal Zone loom the shadowy shapes of the Galapagos islands. These Islands are owned by friend ly Ecuador. These tiny islands, though in friendly hands, are any body's guess these days, for Jap "fishing boats" have been known to have plied off their shores, and who knows what observations have been made and what soundings taken. Then there is the menace of the nearby blue Caribbean, in which en emy subs are known to be prowling, and which have already taken heavy toll of our merchant shipping in these very waters, so dangerously close to the canal. Dealing with this menace is the Caribbean patrol of huge navy patrol bombers, 15-ton Consolidated flying boats with sound apparatus to detect subs, and two tons of bombs. These bombers roar out daily on dawn-to-dusk sweeps of the Caribbean and the Atlantic, and may be included as an impor tant arm of the caril defense. Espionage and sabotage, the long suit of the enemy, may also be list ed on the debit side of the ledger in an accounting of the Canal Zone's danger potentials, and all must be dealt with in the r own individual way. An Historic Event. The most important event in the history of the canal occurred in Jan uary, 1939, when the U. S. fleet passed from the Pacific to the At lantic ocean, and even more dra matic was the return passage of a large portion of the fleet in early May of that year. Both transits were made without the appearance of haste, but in record time. Contrary to the general belief, the canal does not run due east and west, but zig-zags irregularly across the isthmus. Its operation consists in helping ships, however big and bulky, to ascend three water-steps (locks) from one ocean into the huge man-made LaKe Gatun, from which they descend three other-water-steps into the ocean at the canal's other end. The locks are so constructed that two vessels proceeding in oppo site directions may go through the canal at the same time. Big ships occupy a whoia lock, and smaller ships are wedged in like sardines. Once in the locks the ship's crew is shoved aside and the canal crew takes over. The United States has sovereignty over the entire Canal Zone. Two cities stand guard at either gate way of the canal Balboa at the At lantic end and Panama at the Pa cific end. The canal was constructed during Theodore Roosevelt's administration by the U. S. army, with-General Goethals as engineering chief and General Gorges in charge of public health. It was opened to commercial traffic August 15, 1913, and was de clared formally completed July 12 1920, during President Wilson's administration. NEW IDEAS icm-moJiaM By RUTH WYETH SPEARS pVERY kind of cotton goods from dainty chintz to bold plaid gingham is being used for bedspreads. Most of these ma terials are about 36 inches wide and you will need 11 yards for a bed 54 inches wide. See diagrams for cutting dimensions. Cut the center portions first; then the 18-inch side sections for the pillow cover; then the 10-inch strips for the pillow cover and spread. This leaves a 26-inch-wide strip for the side ruffles of the spread. If you make your own seam welting, cover cord with bias strips basted, as at A, and stitched with the cording foot, as at B. NOTE: This bedspread is from BOOK 1 of the series of booklets which Mrs. Spears has prepared for our readers. This book also gives step-by-step directions for making slip covers, dressing table skirts and 12 different styles of curtains Including a simple rigging for draw cur tains. To get a copy of Book 1, send your order to: MRS. RUTH WTETH SPEARS Bedford Bult New York Drawer 10 Enclose 10 cents for Book 1. Name Address DON'T LET CONSTIPATION SLOW YOU UP When bowel 1 are iluggiih and you feat irritable, headachy and everything yon do it an effort, do tniUiont do chew FEEN-A-MINT, the modern chewing Km laxative. Simply chew FEEN-A INT before you go to bed eleep with out being disturbed next morning gentle, thorough relief, helping you feel swell again, full of your normal pep. Try FEEN-A-MINT. Taites good, ii bandy and economical. A generoua family eupply FEEII-A-MINT761 -jam TRY THIS IF YOU' on "certain days" of month If functional monthly disturbances make you nervous, restless, high strung, cranky, blue, at such times -try Lydia E. Plnkham's Vegetable Compound - famous for over 60 years to help relieve such pain and nervous feelings of women's "difficult days." Taken regularly Plnkham's Compound helps build up resist ance against such annoying symp toms. Follow label directions. Well worth trying Don't Neglect Them I Nature dealfned the kldneyi to do marvelous job. Their tuk Ii to keep the flowing blood itream tree of an eieeea of toxic impuritiae. The act ol living W ilwl it eonatutljr producing waate natter the kidneys must remove from tbe blood il good heath Is to endure. When the kidneys fail to function a Nature intended, there Is retention of waste that may cause body-wide dis tress, Ons may suffer nagging bsekache. persistent hssdschs, attacks of dissiness. getting up nights, swslllng, pufllnsso under the eyes feel tired, nsrvous, all worn out. Frequent, scanty or burning passages) are sometimes further evidence of kid ney or blsdder disturbance. The recognised and proper treatment Is a diuretic medicine to help the kidney rat rid of eicess poisonous body wsste. Use DooVs Pills. They hive hsd more than forty years of public approval. Are endorsed the country over. Insist on Coon's. Sold st sll druf stores. 111 WNU4 2442 5,0 REWARD To the family who has ESCAPED SICKNESS -NEVER PAID A HOSPITAL OR DOCTOR BILL HOSPITALIZATION INSURANCE CHOOSE Y00R "0 DOCTOR'S EIAIIN1TI0N OWH DOCTOS 01 H0SP11 Al WHERE MILS. A INT. mklt S.A. eWeVPA M 1 MimrmiiHF( PAYS All THE FAIItf. TOTAL BENEFITS u to $3,600.00 Notorial ttpsnte far skknets; to $54 Hospjttal esDenses far kiiiaries: sat a SSK Benesys for lets af work time; aj to $300 Mcsassital Mat ef Nfe; ap to $2,000 1 Manv Other Seneffli 'WAR RISKS INClUOfD ! National UIopcTjj i I Baltimore, Md. I W ithout obligation or eoeti I f Send to ! I Address j City gute Your Hoapitalintlon. Health and Aradent Plan. J 'tiffilM'i) "'"v" If1 Lixr.t 1 afi
The Beaufort News (Beaufort, N.C.)
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June 18, 1942, edition 1
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