North Carolina Newspapers

Page 2 GOOD FARMING FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Fall Breaking of Land and the Preparation of the Seed Bed — The First Stept In the Better ment of Farm Life. t'lilteil State* IH'pt. of A«;rlrulturv. Faniior*' CIMIIMILVT 1 IH'lllOllH tration Work. Unon the inauguration of the Farmers' Cooperative Demon stration Work in the Southern States it was found necessary to outline some of the fundamental principles of good farming and to insist that the tillers of the soil should become familiar with them and practice them as a first step in the betterment of farm it'e. These principles are as fol lows : 11) Prepare a deep and thor oughly pulverized seed bed. well drained, break in the fall to a depth of 8. 10, or 12 inches, ac-; cording to the soil, with imple ments that will not bring too much of the subsoil to the sur face. (The foregoing depths should be reached gradually if | the field is broken with an or-! dinary turning plow. If a disc! plow is used, it is safe to break to the above depths at once.) (2) Use seed of the best va riety. intelligently selected and carefully stored. (3) In cultivated crops give rows and the plants in the rows a space suited to the plant, the soil, and the climate. *4> Use intensive tillage dur ing the growing period of the crops. (5) Secure a high content of humus in the soil by the use of legumes, barnyard manure, farm refuse, and commercial fertili zers. 6> Carry out a systematic crop rotation with a winter cover crop on southern farms. (7) Accomplish more work in a day by using more horse power and better implements. (8) Increase the farm stock to the extent of utilizing all the waste products and idle lands of the farm. i 9) Produce all the fowl re quired for the men and animals on the farm. Piedmont Trades Exposition, Fair and Horse Show WINSTON-SALEM, OCT. 4-5-6-7,1910 WILL BE THE GREATEST FAIR EVER HELD IN NORTH CAROLINA. GREAT AGRICULTURAL, LIVE STOCK, POULTRY AND COMMER CIAL EXHIBITS. RUNNING AND TROTTING RACES, MULE RACE, COUNTRY HORSE RACE, ETC. TUESDAY AUTOMOBILE DAY, WEDNESDAY GREAT BAND CON TEST, THURSDAY LIVE STOCK PARADE, FRIDAY HORSE SHOW. EVERY DAY A BIG DAY. A first class free show every day, consisting of high class circus acts, secured at great expense. Wild West Circus, etc. Cake Walk, Watermelon contest, etc. At night shows will all be open. Also the most elaborate fire works program ever, given in the country. The Midway or Tobacco Patch will be filled with clean and high class attractions. , For particulars write G. E. WEBB, Gen. Mgr. 7sept4w (10) Keep an account of each, farm product, in order to know | from which the gain or loss arises. PREPARATION OF THE SEED BED. Prepare a deep and thoroughly pulverized seed bed, well drain ed: break in the fall to a depth 8. 10, or 12 inches, according to the soil, with implements that will not bring too much of the subsoil to the surface. (The foregoing depths should be reached grad | ually if a field is broken with an ordinary turning plow. If a disk j plow is used, it is safe to go to ' the above depths at once.) It is the purpose of the Farm ers' Cooperative Demonstration Work to insist upon such prepar ation of the soil as will furnish the l>est feeding grounds for the roots and such as will provide at all times plenty of moisture and food for the growing plants. It; it better to secure 10 or 12 inches! of well drained, thoroughly pul- ( verized soil filled with humus than to go deeper at the expense of less thorough preparation. The presence of heat, air, and I moisture is essential to chemical and germ action in the prepare- J tion of plant food in the soil. The depths to which these penetrate the soil in the South depends upon the depth of the plowing.; provided the soil is well drained. There is no use in plowing down into a subsoil full of water. It has been proved without question that the roots of plants l>enetrate the soil deeper and feed deei>er in deeply plowed land. Thus, in general, it may be stated that when the soil is plowed 3 inches deep the plants have 3 inches of food, when plowed 0 inches deep they have 6 inches of food, and when plowed 10 inches deep they nave 10 in ches of food. The fact that the , bottom i>ortions of the plowed land are not as rich in available plant food as the top portions shows the necessity of getting more air and heat down to them by deeper tillage. The soil requirements most es sential to the growth of plants i.vp heat ar.rl moisture. Deep breaking insures air and heat at a greater depth. For plants to do their best there must be in the soil acc nstart "rmX'i f■ - - THE DANBURY REPORTER jj Mules, Horses, | 8 Buggies, Wagons jg g and Harness jg M When you are in need of any- U tt thing in this line be sure and ttj itt call on us. We can certainly tti 1 iM suit you in price and quality. 22' M We sell more good mules than tt;l {tt any other firm in the State. tt; | SMOAK & M'REARY ff ml »lT»»" SALE » 11111 in , supply of moisture, so that a film of water can envelop the soil par j tides and absorb nutritive ele ments. The hair roots of plants drink this for nourishment If there is any more than enough to serve as films for the soil par ticles and capillary water, there is too much, and it should be | drained off. This can be deter i mined by digging a hole 20 in ches deep. If there is standing water in the bottom of the hole, it indicates that there is too much water in the soil or subsoil. The capacity of a jfiven soil to hold film and capillary moisture depends upon how finely it is pulverized and upon the amount of humus in it. Unplowed lands retain but little water. Thor ' oughlv pulverized soil 3 inches deep can not store enough to ' make a good crop. I In all Southern States there 1 are every year periods of drought, sometimes not serious, but gen erally sufficiently protracted to reduce the crop. The remedy ■ for this is increased storage ca pacity for moisture. This can be accomplished by deep and thor ough tillage and by filling the soil with humus (partly decayed • vegetation.) The effect of deep tillage has been explained. The [effect of humus is to increase greatly the storage capacity of soils for water and to reduce evaporation. A pound of humus will store seven and one-half times as much moisture as a pound of sand, and the sand will lose its water by evaporation three and one-half times more rapidly than the humus. A clay soil will store only about one fourth as much moisture as hu mus, and will lose it by evapora tion twice as rapidly. Plants use an enormous quan tity of water. An acre of good corn will absorb and evaporate during its growth nearly 10 in ches of water. About three fourths of this amount will be re quired during the last 75 days of its growth, or at the rate of 3 inches of water a month. This is in addition to evaporation from ! the soil, which, even with the re tarding influence of the dust mulch, will amount to several in ; ches each month in midsummer. | In case the land is plowed only 3 lor 4 inches deep, though thor oughly pulverized, it will store Jan amount of moisture entirely insufficient .to supply crop re quirements in any protracted drought. These shallow and gen erally poorly prepared seed beds 1 are the principal cause of the low corn yields in the South, and they effect the cotton yields sim ilarly but not so much, because cotton is a more drought-resist ant plant than corn. If planting is done at all, it is folly to pre pare a seed bed so shallow as to bring ah ut the almost total loss of the crop some years and a re duced crop every year. Many farmers plow or culti vate their corn nearly as deeply as they break their land in pre paring a seed bed; this leaves no space for roots in the pulverized and aired soil. Roots occupy a large space. If all the roots of a single vigorous cornstalk were placed end to end they would reach more than a mile, and if aQowed by the plowing they will fill the soil to a considerable depth and feed in ail portions of it In the principal corn-pro ducing arqas of the South the annual rainfall is 85 inches or more, and here in a soil properly prepared for corn the great body of f the roots will lie from 3to 12 lushes from the surface and will feed within 2 inches of the sur face if allowed by shallow cul tivation. THE ROOT SYSTEM OF CORN. At the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station it was fouad t * (Continued naxt week.) SIX PER CENT. MONEY TO LOAN If you are desirous of a loan on your farm or city property, for purposes of lifting a mortgage whose rate of interest is or to buy property and stop rents; to go into business for yourself, or anything which takes money to do, we offer you a plan of se curing the money at a low rate of interest with SEVEN YEARS and NINE MONTHS to pay back. No rights reserved to call in your loan. No interest to figure. No notes to renew. The option of paying off when you please before the notes mature. Loans under this system are granted from SI,OOO up. REAL ESTATE DEPENDENT OR INDEPENDENT. WHICH ? A good REAL ESTATE purchase will place you on firmer footing of independence in less time than any other SAFE way. Are you in better shape finan cially now than you were a few years ago, to make good on the improvement or purchase question ? YES—YOU—ARE, decidedly; our modern methods make it possible for you. If interested call oa or write us and full information will be sent you GRANITE CITY REALTY & TRUST CO. REAL ESTATE INSURANCE AND LOANS MOUNT AIRY, N. C. Notice of Tax Round and Public Speaking } I will meet tlie tux pn.ters «f Stokes County, for the purpose of collect ing their ta.x>s tor the your lttlft. at the following times and place* : La wsonvllle. Monday. Oct. 10, 1910. Francisco. Tuesday, " 11. " J. It. Vrl|cht*» S*ore. Wednesday. " 12, " Brown Mt., J. I>. George's Store. Thursday, " l:t. 44 4. M. Mitchell** Store, Thursday, " 13, at night. Pinnacle. Friday, " 14, 1910. Capella. Saturduy, " ir», " Wilson's Store. Monday, " 24, " King. Tuesday, " 23, " Mountain View, Tuesday, '• 2T», at night, tiermanton, Wednesday " 26. 1910. Walnut Cove. Thursday, '• 27, " Pine Hall. Friday, •• .2*. " Dnnlmry. Saturday, *' 2ft, " Sandy Kidge. Monday. " :M, " Buffalo, Shaffer's Store, Tuesday, Xov. 1, " " Dillaril. Wed., " 2, " The county candidates will lie at the above places on tlie above dates and will address the people on the political Issues. Please come out and pay your taxes and hear the county candidates. This the 12th day of Sep tern Iter, lido. C. M. .IONKS, Sheriff. 14s"p.1oct . •• • " —> ■- " 1 BIG AUCTION SALE OF LAND! SATURDAY. OCTOBER 1. 1910. At 1 • o'clock. we »11l pi'll our l arniof va» acres, the old home place of our father, tlio late .Tno. li. i avi nes.-. noitr Col. ,1. It. Lane's mill, in eastern part of Randolph rouiitv, North Carolina. Thii> valuable tract of land hu* been •livhleal Into uliic tract.", thv slnt|»e of (lien- tracts of land In gixal. having giant nutlet for rnaiß. and with timber and wnternn all of them. Tlie land Ik well adapted to fill iuhi)(. stock raising, an,l has a giiisl supply of oak ami pine timber. One tract In all timln-r. Til If. Mile Is at public oiitcrv on the premises to ilia last ami highest bidder. TERNS OF SALE Arc slutidowu on each tract and year and tlie Intercut on the balance iluo. the land to atatal giaid Tor the bullllireiliii'. This Kale w ill |aaitively he held at or near the-late residence of .liio. It. Caxenew. on the premtmw of tliii* latal Saturday. October l»t, ruin or idilne, at 12 o'clock. This laud In te i miles Minni-westf nun Bllcr City, ten miles south-east from Kamaeur, eight miles wI'M from Ore Hill, four miles south-east from Colcrklge, and Ave mile* north from Kcnuett. N". C.. the new railroad station mi the Itonlcc & Western, which in being built to Cole ridge. When this road is extended from llc'iuietl to Colorldge tnin will bring the road In two niiicaof this land At present not much m this land Is in cultivation, most it grown n|i In hriars ami tiuiher, It having la-en ten years since the lutiil has been cultivated to any amount. Vet during the late war and since some 'jno acm were cultivated, ami now all Idle ami getting better each day. We wi'l now give a brief description of each lot of this land: TRACT XO. I —'l'll s tract of acre* in There arc 71 a acres in this ami would inaku an oblong in nliaiie. Is the origiiKl ol time place. Steal wheat ami stock farm, lias fair lint dings, a tine everlasting spring of - - excellent wilt r. a,-tnv goul meadows, good lit ACT N0.1,. While ibis tract is small, only v orchard, cousklcrable timber. ami the general lias 44 acres on It la to he found aome splendid lav of the land is reasonably love. This would farm land. This land touches both Little and make a nice farm, has pubic road running Itig finish Creek, and some line liottom 'and in through, a large branch also runs th ough the hum them; creeks where tlicv come toge'l.er. tract, on which are some good bottoms, also There Ih plenty lasting Spring water and good water for a good pasture. - country roads run through ii atfirdlng aiapie nnt et. ami could be mied to a very decided TItACT NO. —This tract lays Ju»t writ of advantage for farming and stock raising. The Tract No. I. This is all winal-land. liae aome shape is fair—nearly oblong—has some tinilair, tltulier ami the general lay of the land la well especially tine cedar, su ted for farming pnriaises The shape ol the - . tract Is g.aal—nearly s|iiiire. Onthewet It la 1 M ACT No. i.— l Ilia lias ttnij acres—a tarm houmlci bv Big llrnnh Creek. This tract '•> lias timber. plenty water, some ten I-go. d strung laud and will make good wheat acre* of meadow ■ his tract la also obk-ng and or corn wliliout lerfllljteis It has 44 acre* ami nearly ev«iy acre on thU tract could be eulttrat woiihl Ol ilMjll make a nice little farm, ami lias ed aslt lays ao well Tlila would make a aftleml g i d road outlet. ■' wheat, corn and stiak farm. A puhl e road makes the naatern Uouialary ami a good place Tit VCT NO. it.— This tract of tSI acres Is »I- on the m,d to build mi st lave', and nearly every foot of the tract —, cw. I.- cultivated, Ithas also a lasting wring TltAt'T NO. * This tract, though small. of WMter niiil one vf tlie niewtlowK in the bMvlntr twi«Hiv.iivi> mi>nm t« «il w ..n ri,,.u-rJv cuuntv, h tiifcr iißMMiiit o( timli r. *f»l « public I I o Thi li* £s' Mail forms the eastern lummlarv. t>n this eiu>- lloII „i HI l|„i „i ne aoßieTaailar The nine' tern e.HI is a most lieaiitlful place to biitid on y#ry B nr-not ahnrt, grubby the r»b lc road llus tract would make a imt tall, yellow pue wltli slick bark, ana «.ni lid litUelarm. some am «tH Wl I make Una iamlier When the timber U cut la*.|lli*kl v ami easily |Mit In itlllvat on ami la |( (f (he l-.ui|'a attxn.g ami wi.l make gisal corn the ,ery l-e»t ol w heat lan or who.it. The creek li.is gissl bottom on UJt It, v. 7 , , , , ~ . , . aiHl aaw mill men will muk« no mlstakw to ka>k TKAt I No. 4- I his i. a choice tret, lta»two M ,». r ,i,u tra. i ennntry r mis running through It. has mate tine oak an I forcat pine, tlie land lays «el t,. fnrtu ou, hn* spring irate . ami the>liN|ie of he tract TItACT NO. A -The last tract to dMribe is oblong. The we-tern laiuudary Is Itig tiruali Is one of the beet, If not lie beat. A pWMIn Creek A iue mill she is on tlila ami lan land rnad forms the eai)tern boundary, and Little croase ihi r.eek, glv inaroid.i ro.im for water llrnah Creek run* through this aeveuty acre |a>wer development: paal |aiwer . ould Iw ha>l on tract. A fairly good farm Douse aul barn are this I rge creek. This i» stro glnal and wtMilil about the renter of the tract Soiie eight giaal make a line corn rami. It contains a> r«a. spring-are on thl*. The bill land Is rail ami - will grow clover or >lm.»i anything, wide tlio TKAC.T NO. A—This ti.ot Is aim st Ijve', latttoius Oil the croak aial branches will Just wonkl make a|demllo w heat farm. It . as aome afaka all the corn yo i wia«ld lined. A beautiful limber, mostly tlireat pine, aime oak as well place on the euntern lain elarv to build ami light The eh >|a> of this ractisa.iu st erte tub "iig. nn a public road, in uoe-ibiirth mile of Col. .1. A | libit r,a,d uotkee the eastern boemlary . It. latne's uii I. *'a are sailing thi* la d hacaa»a we ,Uii't need it Wa lire too fkr away lo cultivate It oaraelvaa ami such valualde laial nva|s io i«i>ng to |m> p,e who will cultivate and impmve It. The brtel des4'i iption wa are given of e .rb trait U»« no' all d • them juatice. I'nme aiul jm them your , sell or wilt us for a » inf rm lion yon wan and we will take plea-nre iu answ i-rlng ai.y i|ne>tlon «e can al, nt the land. Wi h ui «ler«i. u -'o-'lHie plans of farmliig no teltlu. what an,unut of aral. eouhl be made on the •,« >. t'mb r ha old plans JWn luishe,. o can liu e l.eeu u>-ula and wn bush I* »f w liett. w hen iwopie did liae know luiw to farm the 11:1 -Is as can t»> we. nar • father ami graud-tatbei h»v held t c title nnalnnnualv for inn yaars. Ms nr n| 1. will say a rural free delivery at ,11 iviile runs through the -lithe tract. 41V1114 dally m 1 a mug we all iwnl nil fn It ap|««tii a. Hememba , th'a Mkle will la* held r iln nr shine on t'u- 'm*ui w. mwr the Mia lUfhlenrc of duo U. i avcne«» 1 tonlar. Ojtolicr lat I'.ilu Co -;e n 1. Ivml an,' w >iuatii .ml child an -ami mmi Uii v .laab o laml ml'l a tract it a tiuto to -lia tn l« .4 l.alileir. Tkia mml t.a- lawn surrecel right recent I v nel til canters ami lln •* ar» a* plain «* thev ncetl to he. If additional Information In wanted write or come ami sec lis. JOHN « CAVtNESi, KOBT L. CAVENESS. Coleridge. N. C.. Sept. Int. IttlO. Hsept4w PfcygdMis Advtee IMA fttMt your systMi. Mf I UII UXATWE 11LIU LIVER SY«P