CZAR OF RUSSIA ABDI CATES. Revolution Blazed in Many Re gion* of tha Empire on Same On jr. PMrnjfrnl, March Ifi. The emperor nf Russia ha* abdicated ami <>rand Duke Michael Ale «androv itch, hi* younger brother, ha* tieen named a* regent. Tha Russian minntry, charg ed with corruption and IncoinpetMira, haa been swept out of office. One miniater Alexander Protopopoff .head «f the Interior department I* reported to have been killed, and the other milliliter*, a* well si* the president of the imperial council are under arreiit. A new national cabinet ia announced with Prinr* Lvoff a* president of the council and premier, and the other of fice* held by the men who are clone to the Ru*«ian people. For several 'laya Petrograd ha* been the acene of one of the moat remark able rising* in history. Beginning with minor food riota and labor strikes the cry for food reached the heart* of the soldiers, and one hy one the regi ment* rebelled, until finally thoie troop* that had for a time stood loyal to the government, took up their arm* and marched into the rank* of the revolutionist*. The early period of the uprising bore the character rather of a mock revolu tion. Cossacks charging down the Mtreet did no in a hulf hearted fashion, plainly without mnlicc or intent to harm the crowd*. The troopsexchnng ed good natured raillery with the workingmen and women, and ax they rode were cheered by the populace. Long line* of soldiers ■itationed in dramatic attitude* a. ro- Nevsky pro spect, with their guns pointed at an imaginary foe, appenred to be taking part in a tableau. Machine guni fir ing roulade* or blank cartridge* seem ed only to add another realistic touch to a tremendous theatric production. Until Sunday night thi* pageant continued without aariou* interruption. Then ia a flash the whole scene lo*t its theatric quality; it became a genu ine revolution. , The regiments had received an order from the commandant to fire upon per sons assembled in the street. This caused immediate • dix-ension among the troops, who did not understand why they should be compelled to take violent measures against fellow citi zens, whose chief offen e wan that they were hungry and were asking the government to supply bread. Several regimentx deserted and a pitched bat tle began between the troopx who atood with the government and those who, refusing to obey ordei had mutinied. Police and Soldier* Battle. A Ion* night l»att!c occurred be tween the munitions .ejciment* and the police at the end of St. Catherine canal immediately in front of the historic church built over the spot where Alex ander II was killed by a bomti. The police finally fled to roof tops all over the city and were seen no more in the streets during the entire term of the fiK-htinfr Still on Monday morning the govern ment troops appeared to control all the principal squares of the city. Then came a period when it was impossible to distinguish one side from the other. There was no definite line between the factions. The turning point appeared to come about 3 o'clock in the after noon. For two hours the opposing reghnents passively confronted earh other along the wide Liteiny prospect in almost complete silence. From time to time emissaries from the revolutionary siue rode to the op posing ranks and exhorted them to join the side of the people. For a while the result seemed to hang in'the balance. The troops appeared irreso lute, awaiting the commands of their officers, who themselves were in doubt as to what they should do. Desultory firing continued alnng the side streets between groups of govern mentt roops and revolutionists, but the regiments upon whose decision the out come rested still confronted each other with machine guns and rifles in readi ness. (Internment Regiments Join Rebels. Suddenly, a few volleys were ex changed; there was another period of silent suspense, and the government regiments finally maicp.ed over to join the revolutionists. A f h ours after the first clssh, this entire section of Pstrograd, in which are locatcxl the duma building, artillery headquarters and the chief military barracks, pars ed into the hands of the revolutionary forces and the warfare awept like a tornado to other parts of the city, %vK#ra th« scene *>a duplicated. At firit it MMn«l ■ miracle that th« j revolutionist*. without pra-arranged I plan, without leadership or organiia I turn could in «wh a *hort tima with • omparativc >aH achieve a romplet* victory over tha government. Hut tha a< plana lion lay in tha reluc tance of tha troopa to take aiiin again* tha peopla and their prompt ; ilaaartion to tha rank* of thou# who op : poind tha government. Tha w'mim in the *treat* wen by thie time remarkable. The wid< thoroughfare* whara the troop* wart , stationed wara completely ile*artad by i ivilian* exrept for a few daring indi , vidual* who, creeping alonir walla and ducking into court yard*. sped from una aide to the other. Rut tha *idc *treatn ware chokad with people, I'lroupii or law In plant < engaged on navy work. Immediately afterward Secretary of the Navy Daniela ordered the New York navy yard to begin building M submarine chaaera of tha 110 foot type to he completed in from 80 to SO day*. With the President'* approval, the secretary alao ordered the graduation of the firat and second clan tea at the Naval academy. The firat class will go out on March 2», releaaing 172 junior offirera to fill exiating vacan cies and the second in September, furniahing 202 mora a full year before they-otherwise would he available. hngines for the "chaaera" to he turned out by the New York plant will be bought from private manufacturer* in time to have them initialled prompt ly upon completion of the hulla. Bid* for 200 or more udditiona! craft of the same type "const patml boat*" aa they are to be designated, will be opened next week. A large number hf privately owned motor craft available lor navy uae may be drawn upon nt tiny time. Retired navy officers have been at work along the entire Atlantic coaat surveying boats for a month, and a telegraphic order will make them government pro perty overnight. Navy official* estimate that within four month* a - fleet of 2,000 patrol* ai 1 chaaera will be ready for action. It ia planned to hhiMi tha aalun • teer* within a few day* to begin actual operations a* a matter of training, pending order* from the Preaident for complete mobilization of the navy. In this connection officials say it i* plan ned to establish a submarine-proof patrol off the American coast, insuring safe passage to and from American ports for all ships. Informal negotiation* will lie started I for a working agreement with the ; British and Krenrh patrol squadrons j now endeavoring to protect ships pnv-i i ing through the German submarine ! zone tt i* planned to »naUe Atnerican waters «»fe against submarines for all ?hi;>« with the understanding that \mt-rican ships will receive full pro , tection in the zones from patrols of the allies. The plan would necessitate the interchange of info(mation as to the routing of merohant craft to and fro aero the Atlantic. Secretary Daniels would not discuss the n?es to Ik' made of the new patrol boats. Reccnt navy contracts were let with the understanding that the eight hour law would he suspended because of the shortage of skilled labor. Builders have agreed to construction of the five l>attle cruisers and six scout cruisers recently assigned to them at the great est possible speed, employing at least 70 per cent of all their men on this work. The department will meet ex I tra pay roll and other expenses due to the speeding up, pay time and a half for all work in excess of eight hours. Under this agreement it is hoped to ompleto the battle cruisers in three years and scout cruisers in less than two. Secretary Daniels said there was no present need of exercising the au thority to commandeer shipbuilding or other plants to hasten .iavy building. The enlisted personnel of the navy is being recruited rapidly at present, a total of 60.1500 men l>eing reported today. Congress has authorized a to tal strength of 74,000 and given the President authority to increase that to H7.000 in emergency. That power will ' not be exercised, however, until a | stcength of 70;000 has 1>een reached. British Spending $30,000,000 A Day. London. March 19,—Replying to a question in the House of Commons today, Andrew Hanor Law, chancellor of exchequer, said the daily average of expenditure of the British govern ment from April 1, 1916 to March SI 1917, would work out at (1,000,000 pound*. He Would R«. "The n.an I marry." said she with A tamp, "must be a hem!" "He will K" remarked the cautious bachelor. UNRESTRICTED U-BOAT CAMPAIGN HAS FAILED. Review of Sis WmIu Campaign Placed in PotMaaion of Aaaociated Pre»». London, Mun> 14.—Tha Associated Pr«»« Han Imn placed in possession of a review of the first nix weoks of th* German unrestricted submarine r»m paign. The figure* given arc from h« board of trade reruns. and the con clusions ara those of a highly i pa tent authority. "The (lermito submarine campaign, reported to hava a»um«i enhanced vigor on February 1, muat be singular ly disappointing to the Germans them xelves," nayn tha review. "At tha be ginning of January, 1U17, Great Brit ain poaaeaaed approximately 3,-171 ves sels of I ,000 ton* and over. Many others of leaner tonnage are not taken into consideration, owing to tha im portance of restricting the queation to overseas traffic and cargo, judging tha results carefully and looking to possible future developments. "From February I until March 14 tha losses of British xhip > of over 1, 000 tons were approximately 7H, which number deducted from the total leavus the British mercantile marine with 3,6GO ship* of over ! ,H00 ton* after aix weeka of fiarman submarine warfare. "It should be remembered that a very large proportion of tonnage is on the stork* building for the British mercantile marine, and a fair percent age of the total is being turned out monthly. In the above mentioned no account is taken of ships completed or bought in neutral countries. "During the period from February 1 to March 10 no British ships Hava been in any way blockaded In harbor. Every opportunity of carrying out their plana has been at the deposition of the Ger mans afldr their declaration of unre stricted submarine warfare. It is ex tremely improbable that the German authorities will ever have the same op "First—A large number of old tramp steamer*, slow of speed, have befn sunk, ax they afforded ea*y prey. "Second—Their effort* would be di rected for the first nix week* or two month* toward* producing; ihc mint considerable result* by careful organi I zalmn and administration, with a view to affecting the morale of neutral na tion*. A carefbl study of the German method* has been made by the British natal authorities, ami anti-submarine measure* have been adopted, which, as the outcome of experience have attain ■. I'd » large measure of success. "Third-The arming of merchant vessels is rapidly taking place and it in capable of proof that a submarine take* particular care in attacking nrm<*l vessels, a large percentage of which always escape. "Fourth — Anti-submarine device* are bein^ daily perfected, but a little i time must necessarily elapse in order that they should receive a proper trial. "Fifth—The German naval authori se.- are bound to find some difficulty in replacing the trained personnel, of j which they have lost a considerable portion. It should be remembered that there is considerable difference between the efficiency of individual commanders, and the greatest losses have been incurred through the action of a few German submarine command ers, who by their skill and training stand far above the average U-boat officers who leave Germany on mis sions of destruction. "The losses of the British mercantile marine are being steadily reduced. During the past two weeks • only 29 have been sunk, as opposed to 48 sunk in the first two wecits. Thi vessels engaged in the coastal trade are con tinually exposed to German submarine and are naturally included in a German commander's reports. "The most serious aspect of the Ger mnn submarine warfare i* that reflect ed by consideration of post-bellum con ditions with regard to shortage of world tonnage. Besides affecting the whole world, it is likely to affect most seriously the smaller nations who have no mercantile marine of their own to rely upon and are dependent upon that of other nations for their sea traffic. However much the Germans may desire to force neutrals to lay op their vessels and close neutral harbors, such a slate of things cannot exist long be muse the neutrals themselves must ob tain certain necessaries in order to avoid the intense economic situation which at present obtains* in Germany. The fact to-ntvev arily better known known to the reutrala themselroa than to those not irr.m diatoly concorned. "As r« g!»r-f.. th( *v .eta! situation of the submarine v .-trfi.re, it may thus be | lummed up: It la b.init • mora ■«"* <>ua affoct upon European neutral* than upon belligerent mcrchantlle marina. Tha cwitln.al loaaaa of ship* will seriously affect post-t>elluir trade. Tha loaaaa of British mercantile nail in tha firat ill woeka represent a percentage of wfille tha average laily movement of veaaels in United Kingdom port/, ia 710. This figure ex cepta fishing and local craft. "If tha uma rate of destruction were to continue at thla average it would take at laaat a yaar to reduce tha British mercantile marina by ona j half, without taking into conaideratlon additional tonnag* procured from building or purrhaae. "Food restriction* in Graat Britain I ara very neceaaary and have tx-an ira ' poaed in order to av*i*i the effecta of II he war preaaing too hardly upon the poorer clasaea of the country, und they further curtail laviah expenditurea and the wBNte of proviaiona. "It ia the custom of the German au thorities to iaaue official criticism* of meaaurea adopted by tha alliea aa re gard* the control of foodstuffa and re strirtiona on import*, and thane eriti ciama are produced entirely for tha consumption of neutrals and are a:. attempt to impreaa their own popula I tion with the efficiency of what they tarm their 'submarine blockade.' "It ia only to he expected that we | are hound to take precaution* in order to avoid within the next two yaara eco | nomic stress which might then exist here, a* It actually doe* in Germany today. The passage of troop* and munition* continue* without any dim inution and only the neutral countries of Holland, Denmark and £* n in experiencing a temporary reduction in the amount of exporta from England. Apart from butter, the import of food stuffs in Febuary ha* been very satia factory and it ahould not be forgotten that in the statiatica ahowing the quality of foodatuffs imported in the I month at February to British port a considerable quantity which would nor mally reach thym has been diverted to French ports for the use of the British army. "Despite this, however, the position • regarding home imports themselves •- ■ satisfactory. Flour and grain fur j February are above the average. Meat show* from 10 to IS per cent in-j crease above the average of the last' •even years. Margarine i* coming in greater quantities than in any previous year, and this provides for the falling off in butter. Rubber is increasing dowly each month, and the February average was above that of Januar>. I Iron ore shows one-third inciea.-e over 1915 and 101H. "If any conclusion can be drawn from the board of trade statistics on the import of necessities into Great ' Britain during the month of February u very different result would have to be shown by the German submarine blockade, for up to the present time there has been no falling off except in sugar, wood and butter." Lawyer's Murderer Breaks County Jail. Birmingham, Ala., March 20.—Da vid D. Overton, former court clerk of Madison county, under death sentence for the murder of Probate Judge Wil liam T. Lawler in Huntiville, Ala., on Jane 16, 1916, with six other prison er*, two under death sentence, today early overpowered Lin Lavender, in side warden of the Jefferson county jail, here and escaped in an auto. The escape was made at 7.65 o'clock, and the alarm given out about ten minutes later. A motor car with deputies fol-1 lowed the Truasville rood out of Bir mingham. The men who escaped with Over* ton are: Tom Manila and Sam Massina, un-' der death sentence for the killing of a peddler in Jefferson county, and four other prisoners under indictment for murder. Warden Lavender say* the men overpowered him with revolver*, took lli* key* and locked him in a kitchen. | They left the jail from a side door1 leading to an alley, he sayf, and he1 was unable to make an outcry until ( the men had made good their escape. ; The fugitive*, according to the war den, dashed down the alley until they reached Kourtli avenue and Twenty- ! fifth street, where an au'.omobile was waiting for them, Officials at the Jail declare the **- j cape was craftily plAni<«>. Farh fugi tive, Warden lavender assert*, pos sessed a revolver. The men. It was said, had been given more or less lib- ( erty In the rorrldm. of the jail, ami were looked jpon practically as Irus-! ties. HOME DEMONSTRATION WORK. The Poultry Club. There hava Imn very few Poultry club memlxtm in our founty hrrrtafon hut the InUrrMt In thia work ta increas ing ami we expert to hava a number of buy* anil girl* to do good mrk with poultry thia year. There ere .•(■verml advantage* in beUmring tu this club, and mm and woman may Join a* wall a* l»oy. and gtrt*. Tha li.-ftrue ;eu and <*arried over for several months at a constant ex pense, with no return, and this at a time when feed is at Its highest. The early hatches pullets can be developed to a large extent on range, and a saving in grain feed is possible in this way. The highest producing pullets are those wnich begin laying early. To get into the 200-egg class a pullet must lay HO or more eggs before Mairh 1. In order to do this, pullets must be hatched before May 1, *> that they will begin laying by the 1st of November. In the section of the country North of the Ohio River it is advisable to begin hatching not later than March 1 and to continue hatch ing at intervals through March and April, so that pullets of different ages will be coming on, and the broilers will not all be ready for market at the same time. The American breeds (Plymouth Rocks, Wyandotts, Rhode Island Reds, etc), should be hatched earlier than the Mediteranean breeds, such as the Leghorns, Minorcas, etc., because they take about one month longer to mature. Pullets of the American breeds will begin laying at about 7 months of age, and those of the Medi terranean breeds at about 6 months. It Is often difficult to get enough broody hens to set the eggs early. This may be partly overcome by set ting the earliest eggs in an incubator and putting those eggs under hens a few days before they are ready to hatch. A hen usually ean brood from one and one-haJf to two times as many rhicken* as she will hatch, so that ad ditional chickens hatched in the incu bators can also b* given to hens which are hatching eggs at the same time. Early hatching will produce more egg* In the fall and winter, while a larger portion of hens will get broody early In the spring, thus completing the necessary flrele for early fall egg production. Early hatched chickens are by far the most profitable in every