MOUJf'l AIRY, NORTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY. JANUARY 10, 1918,
WILSON RESTATES AIMS.
PUa Follows Brood Lmea Laid
Down by Lloyil-George.
Washington, Jan. —('resident Wil
aon today addressing congreaa, deliv
orad a ra-atataaaaat at war anus in
agraeoMnt with the racant dac la ra
tion by the British pramiar, David
Lloyd-George.
Tha Praatdant praaantad a daflnita
program for world paoca containing
fourtaan specific considerations.
Tha Praaidant praaantad tha follow
ing aa necesaary elements of world
t—Opan covenants of paoca without
privata international understandings.
2—Abaoluta fraadom in tima of
paoca or war aacapt aa they may ba
cloaad by international action.
3—Removal of all aconomic berries
end establishment of equality of trade
conditions among nations consenting
to peace and associating themaelvea
for its maintainaors
4—Guarantees for tha reduction of
the notional armament* to the lowest
point consultant with domestic safety.
5—Impartial adjustment of all col
onial claims baaed upon principle that
tha people concerncd have equal rights
with the interest of the government.
6—Evacuation of all Russian terri
tory and opportunity for Russia's po
litical development.
7—Evacuation of Belgium without
any attempt to limit her sovereignty.
8—All French territory to be freed
end restored and reparation made for
taking of Alsace-Lorraine.
9—Readjustment of Italy's frontiers
end on clearly recognizable lines of
nationality.
10—FrtMt opportunity for autono
monous development of the peoples of
Austria- Hansfary.
. 11—Evacuation of Rumania, Serbia,
and Montenegro with acceaa to the
sea for Serbia and international guar
antees of economic and political inde
pendence and territorial integrity of
the Balkan states.
12—Secure sovereignity for Tur
key's portion of the Ottoman empire
1>ut with other nationalities under
Turkish rule assured security of life
and opportunity for automonous de
velopment with the Dardanelles per
manently opened to all nations.
13—Establishment of an indepen
dent Polish state, including territor
ies inhabited indisputably Polish pop
ulations with free access to the aea
and political economics independence
and territorial integrity guaranteed
by international covenant.
14—General association of nations
xpecrtc covenants for mutual guaran
tees of political independence and ter
ritorial integrity to large and small
atatea alike.
"For such arrangements and coven
ants" said the President in conclu
sion, "we are willing to flght and con
tinue to flght until they are achieved;
but only because we wish the right t«
prevail and desire a just and stable
peace." •
"Situation in Belgium Cries to
Heaven."
London, Jan. 5.—A latter from a
prominent Dutchman in Holand reads:
*'The situation in Belgium cries »<■
heaven. If it goes on that country and
its people will be wiped out. Neu
trals ought to consider it their duty tc
threaten Germany with interventior
' if she does not evacuate Belgium. Bui
how can we move Scandinavian coun
tries, South American states, Spain
Switzerland, even Holland, to tak<
that step? They, also we who .live
next door, culmly let that murder g<
on. One shudders at the thought thn1
thousands of Belgians, even boys an
for<»! t«j work at the front; womer
have to perform military work, tlw
fores'* are cut down, factories emp
tied, even pulled down; dwelling hrms
•s plundered. railways broken up. Thi
death rata of children in Belgium I:
terrible; It i* also high among thi
/rown up people. It I* • crime un
heard of in the modem history of Fu
rope."
feeble minded men too
MANY
ThirftM* Par Thousand m &. C
and SistMB in N. C.
Columbia, H. CJin. 3.—Thirteen
out of every 1,000 South Carolina man
mustered into tha servtce of tha Unit
ad Slates at Camp Jackaon up to De
amliar 13, 1917, wava xubaequently
dtacharged from tha army because
: thay wara feeble-minded. This fact
, was ascertained through a study of
the medical records of rejection* at
Camp Jackaon made for the state
council of defense and the itata board
of charities and correction* by Dr.
Hastings H. Hart, of the Ruaaell Safe
I foundation, and Secretary Albert S.
Johnstone, of the state board. Permis
sion to study the medical records at j
the ramp was granted by General
Bailey former commander of Camp
Jacluon, at the request of Governor
Manning.
The astounding fact that out of
evary 1,000 men mustered into ser
I '
vice at Camp Jackson 13 were re
jected on account of feeble-mindedneee
will doubtless add to the alarm of
those citisens of the state who are
already aroused over the menace of
the problem of the mentally defi
cient; and who are urging tha senate
to pass the bill providing for the state
custodial training school for the fee
ble-minded white of South Carolina.
The state board of cnaritiea and cor
rections which with expert assistance
rendered by Miss Helen P. Hill, a
trained psychologist, has been study
ing the problem of the feeble-minded
in South Carolina for about two years
has never cl mad that more than
three people out of every 1,000 of the
general population were feeble-mind
ed. However, the official medical re
cords at Camp Jackson show that the
ratio is really over roar times three
out of every 1,000 among the men be
tween 21 and 31 years of age to the
camp for army service up to December
13, 1917.
Cu Be Controlled.
From the ranks of the feeble-mind
ed are recruited a large percentage of
the pauper!) of the state, many of the
criminals, many of the disease-spread
ing prostitutes, and many other so
cial undesirable. Feeble-mmdedness
is due very largely to hereditary
causes which can be controlled by
stopping the propagation of chil
dren by persons one or both of whom
are feeble-minded. Experience has
proved that the best way to put an
end to propagation among the feeble
minded is to place them in a special
institution by themselves where they,
are nothing but children in mind, can
be kept happy and contented and
trained by special teachers to become
at least in a measure self-supporting,
instead of being as they are without
training, economic burdens.
At its 1917 session of house of rep
resentatives passed a bill providing
for the establishment of the state
training school for the feeble-minded.
This bill is now on the calendar of the
senate with a favorable report from
the finance committee. Its passage
early in the session of 1918 by the sen
ate is anticipated.
Drain on Stat*
In a forthcoming issue of "The
Quarterly Bulletin" the state hoard
of charities and correction terms the
hill for the training school for the
feeble-minded "a war measure" be
cause with the war taking the tout
men and the unprotected feelile-mind
e.l continuing to propagate children
who are burden* to the *ta.'e the civili
I ratiw of South Carolina is ^finr at
' tacked at two pointi ant one of the
attack* can he stopped ii. a measure
■il>- the rn-npe of the bill providing
'state care 'or the feeble-minded. ,
I The tepreientaOivei of the state
1 '<o«,d of rharities and correction* and
> the state council of defense in making
> their competitive study of the medi
■ cal raoTd i rf the caui.es of refection
• of men from Camp Jackson included
the records of men from North faro
Una and Florida u wall u thoee freai
South Carolina. Tabulation of the
data allowed that out of every 1,000
men mustered into service from rheae
throa itataa 14.6 were subeequently re
jected because they were feebie-miad
d. Th rejection* per 1,000 on ac
count oi feeble-mindedneu for the
three states aepartaly were: South
Carolina, IS; North Carolina, 16.8;
Florida. 11.4.
Hooey and Other SwmU in
Gleaning* in Be* Culture.
It will be remembered that some
time ago, Francis Jagsr, Profeeeor of
Apiculture in the University of Min
nesota, and al»o President of the Na
tional Beekeepers' Association, waa
sent to Europe by the United States
Government as a deputy commissioner
to investigate the Red Cross condition
in Servia. As he speaks nearly all the
languages of Europe he was eminently
fitted for the job. In our last issue we
announced that he was about to re
turn. He arrived home only a few
days ago, and we had the pleasure of
meeting him at the Minneeota bee
keepers' convention where he told us
something of the conditions in Europe
He is now a commissioned officer
with the rank of major, wearing the
uniform indicating that rank. It
would be impossbile, he said, in ex
plaining to go anywhere in Europe
without a commission and a uniform.
One of the questions we asked was
how honey was selling in Europe. In
answer he exhibited some samples
be brought home of what he was
sure was American honey, judging it
by the color and taste. He showed
a half-pound jar that was selling at
55 i-ents, and pound jars for $1.10 re
tail and they were very much in de
mand at that. The honey was of good
bo*y and (lever, nae ct it aaotiHtaia
sage, some of it clover, and some from
other well-known American sources.
As to what the nations of Europe
are using in the r.hape of sweets or
sugar, he said that the German popu
lation had no sugar of any sort, and
were using saccharine. This has abso
lutely no food value, and, we are told
on good authority, is a cumulative
poison. The allies rtrt using some
saccharine, but they had a little sugar
at the hospitals and at some of the
t>arracks; but honey was the real
sweet which any one could buy, pro
vided he had the price.
There is no prospect, according to
Professor Jager, that the great war
will cease for two or three years to
come. The conditions there, he says,
are indescribable, unbelievable; that
we in America know nothing of the
suffering and privations throqut all
Europe.
He told of one beekeeper, whose
name we have forgotten. This man
had been driven out of h >use and home
He gathered together a few bees and
established a little apiary. He also
built a little shack of a building that
he called home, when—bang! a shell
struck his premises, tore up his little
apiary, scattered the hives right and
left, and tore out the whole side of his
house. Said Mr. Beekeeper. "Look at
those bees. What a mess»I have got!"
and then Jager significantly remarked,
"He never said a word about the dam
age to his house—it was only of those
blessed bees that he lost. That man,"
said he, "is a real beekeeper, and we
ought to make him a life member of
the National Beekeepers Association."
Professor Jager was oxpecting to go
on to Washington within two or three
>lays to submit his report.
Butter Setting at $2.25 • Pound
Wu^h'tiifton, .Un. 7.—Butter is wi
ling In Berlin at $2.25 p«r pound, »u
trnr at M centa f, pound, hum ami
l>acon at $3.11 per pound; and Arneri
can soap at five ham $1 12.
Thi* information wn» received by
the f'KHl aUminiKtration and cornea
j from a i«a<iun«h1e pource. Hie price*
are frrm four to five times a* high ai
thora now prevailing in the I'nited
State*
I )
GERMAN PAPERS BEING
THOROUGHLY MUZZLED.
Under Conaorabip Pr«aa Is told
^ What to Publish and is what
Wa»hington, Jan. 7.—Evidence of
ear* tha Gtrman government ia taking
to dtract public opinion and to de
ceive not only it enemiee but ita own
pari*. ia containad in a utriaa of sa
cral in*tructi«ns iaauad to the Ger
man praa* by the canaorahip which
have fallan ii;to tha hands at the stata
dapartmant. Thaaa instruction* cover
a pariod of lata than threi montha of
last year, but thay tall av ary com
plete atory of how tha Teutonic war
lords control public opinion.
Owners of newspapers and publish
ers generally not only ara limited as
to the character of the articles print
ed, but in many cases are told what
thay should publish and in what tanna.
Labor disturbances, food shortage and
difkultiaa in securing and distribut
ing coal are placed under the ban,
but newspapers are urged to give pro
minence to enemy losaas and to ob
tain prescribed interpretations of in
ternational situations.
A hint of tha relentlessnesa of the
authoritiee in punishing infraction of
orders ia contained in one notice in
which attention is called to the fact
that the police "have again been noti
fied to seek out and to bring to ruth
less punishment originators and com
resmcators of untrae military, poli
tiesl. financial and economic reports."
la another notice similar warning is
given that the police "proceed energe
tisally" against those who repeat un
trae reports.
interesting ngnt u tnrown upon ui*
Berlin view of the preparations for
war in the United States by a para
g»ph of an order dated June 6, last.!
It says:
"While the nevs about America's
war preparatioaa, such as the organi
zation and outfitting of an army 1,
000,000 strong to reinforce the French
English froat, is looked upon, in that
form as 'bluff,' the spreading of which
may unfavorably affect the opinion
of the German people, yet the fact
must not be overlooked, on the other
hand, that the United States, with the
support of its capacity for material
and industrial management, is arm -,
ing itself for war with great energy
and tenacity. The war preparations
in America are therefore, as was inti
mated in the reichstag at the time,
not at all to be made little of, but must
be taken seriously witho » on that
account being made a source of wor
ry."
AnoUier dated June y, aays:
"Petit Pariaien informs us that
five American divisions, numbering
125,000 men may be expected in
'[ France in the aotumn of 1917. It is
urgently requested not to reproduce
this information without some com
ment. We do not wish to underes
timate the ability of America te ac
complish thing*, but must not, on
the other hand, overestimate it. In
order to bring a division over from
America 75,000 tons must make the
trip twice, therefore, from the mere
fact of lack of space, the transpor
tation of such a body of troops within
ceVtain fixed time limits is impossi
ble. Moreover, it is impossible to
train these troops properly by autumn.
These facts which have recently l>een
liscuved in the German war news
ran not too stronirly emphasised in the
discus-inn of that French new-."
Printing of anti-German ttpenrhes
in the Austrian parliament are for
bidden in various instance*, and the
I attitude to be taken by the German
priM«, With for its effect at home and
unon Austria-Hungary, is Indicated,
The Put 'ipn situation is m*n tlT.au
a few times »ne nlim on
June 9, c«r*yt»lg a warning "re
ports about pretending negotiation*
for a truce on the Russian front may
neither be published or discussed."
Another about the same time said!
"In one of the future issues It might
be mentioned that the present situa
tion in Ruaaia baa the sppaaranca of
bains canaad by th» antanta with the
viaw of her (Ruaaia') continuing for a
tima parhapi until tha actual parti
cipation by tha Americana. How long
that will ba ramaina to ba aoan. It
ia of consequence (a mat tar of impor
tant*) to Mt forth tha opinion that a
naw offensive will speedily taka placa
aa amounting to a conviction. •
"Tha quaation about tha secret
agreements batwaan Ruaaia and har
alliaa muat not ba allowed to roat (i.e.
ba loat aight of.) Tha hoatila gov-,
ammanti try to fruatrata tha a (Tact of
all publication* baaring upon tha
agraamanta with all tha raeana at'
thair diapoaal in ordar that thair peo
ple may not learn tha war aima and
tha reaaona why they were egged on
into the war • • •
Laat spring a large number of Rua- j
aiana were re pat rut tad from Switxer-1
land through Germany to spread G«r-|
man propaganda in Ruaaia.
In thia connection, the cenaor aaid:
"Nothing ia to be published con
cerning the journey through Germany
from Switzerland of Russian emi
grants."
SamplcH of Home of the other or-1
dcrii or memoranda follow;
"Thar* ia no objection to the r
printing of the manifesto of the inde- j
pendent socialist party in case it ia ad>
versely commented upon, even without i
irritating sharpness."
"Reports concerning disturbances in
Koenigsberg in Prussia and concern
ing a warning from the commander of
the first army corps, which followed in
the Koenigsberg press, are unpermis
sive."
"It is desired that it should be clear
ly and distinctly put in the foreground
that the enemy offensive has utter
ly failed on all fronts, that the entente
has no alternative but to attempt a
are still Against peace.'
Normal Sugar Supply rore
Washington, D. C.—The Food Ad-1
ministration announces that a re
urn to a normal sugar supply for the;
nation is not likely to be long de
ferred. Plans have been outlined Un
der which an increased allotment of
sugar will be made to confectioners
and manufacturers of non-essential
food products containing sugar.
The 50 per cent allotment to which
confectioners were limited when the
sugar shortage became acute in Oc
tober will be increased to 80 per cent
when the supply again becomes nor
mal, it is announced, but continuance
of this ration will depend upon efforts
of manufacturers to reduce the sugar
content of confectionery and soft
drinks by substituting other sweeten
ing materials.
"The 50 per cent limit has forked
but little hardship on the manufac
turers of confectionery and sweet
drinks," said the Food Administra
tion's announcement, "as they had on
hand supplies sufficient to keep their
plants working at almost normal ca
pacity for several months. It did,
however, benefit the sugar supply in
general by preventing the possible ac
cumulation of larger quantities than
were necessary for immediate use." {
Pray For Allies Success.
London Jsn. 6—Kisg Georfe's proc
lamation fixing today for prayers
throughout the British empire for
what ha- been accomplished in the
war by British arms in the eauao oi'
freedom and an invocation for the
aocctfusful, speedy termination of the
war, wan observed in the places of
worship of every denomination. The
lord mayor of London ar.d sheriffs
attended the St. Pajl's catKdral in
state. Soldiers and sailors on Wave,
some of them Americans, Ailed the
church* s.
On* of the features of the occasion
was the closing today of all saloons
for the flrst tuae states the war be
|an
MR. McADOO GIVES
COAL RIGHT OF WAY.
UmUt Hud mm Rivtr Com
MMlMrtd — All Priority
Order* mi Trade Declared
V*id
Washington, D. C.— Radical uLepa
have already l«n taken by William
G. MrAdoo, Director-ltenernl of Rail
roads, to put an end to ronimtioa Mi
eastarn transportation linaa and bHas
immediate relief to New England
State* and other sections of the coun
try needing coal. Orders have baaa
issued which in effect give coal right
of way. All previous priority ia ended
in the interest of the movement at
fuel supplies.
The outstanding feature of confer
ence daring the day wa« the issuance ■>
of an order by the Director General
providing for the use of the Pennsyl
vania Tunnel under the Hudson River
for the movement of coal. A telegram
was sent to Samuel Raa, president
of the Pennsylvania Railroad, direct
ing him to put the order into effect at
once and within an hour, according
to advicea received here, the ft rat
freight cars that ever parsed through
the tubes was on its way.
Many care filled with coal had been
routed through the tunnel and trans
ferred to the Long Island Railroad,
going thence over the Hell Gate
Bridge to New England.
The railroad experts whom Mr. Ue
Adoo has gathered about him belt***
that the program is practical and that
it will be possible not only to giva
much needed relief to the New Eng
land States immediately, but to add
many thousands of tons to the sup
plies which can be carried at once to
Brooklyn and Queens.
It is understood that the new plan
will keep passenger traffic down to,
of this traffic from western point*
over to the New York Central line*.
The statement U made that 760 car*
of coal, which have been held up be
cause of congestion on the regular
freight routes, were put in the first
allotment to go through the tubes oa
their way to New England.
A survey of the coal situation has
shown that it is the congestion of
traffic, due greatly to priority orders,
and not the lack of coal which has
been responsible for famine in New
York and New England. Large ship
ments have been found on side tracks
at many points along lines which flow
into New York and New England, and
definite orders have gone out that
these must be moved at all costs.
A. H. Smith president of the New
York Central and assistant to the di
rector-general, in charge of trunk
lines in the East, directed the rail
roads to disregard all of the priority
orders in the general plan to keep
up a steady movement of coal and
perishable foodstuffs, and his direc
tions were supplemented by an offi
cial priority who declared all orders
issued by him to be void and gave di
rector McAdoo a free hand.
Word was received from the United
States Shipping Boad that aid could
be expected in the form of tonnage
to put into New England services
It is hoped to add to the nine ships
which have been commandeered rep
resenting about 50,000 tons.
It is probable that the Pullman car
service will be practically abandoned, ■
and some of the railroad experts are
in favor of cutting it off completely, at
least until the present congestion on
all lines is broken up and a free move
ment of coal, food and ether freight
started.
Standing by 1>.e entrance of a large
estate In the iuburb« of Doblin at*
two huge doge, ca: .ed out of Granite.
An Enfli"'""*"- going by in a Motor
car. thought ha weald have aoaae fan
with the Iriah driver.
"flow often Jack, do they M thaaa
big d^t"
" I very tine they hark, ear,"
Jack'a Nfly.
-