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VOL. I., NO. 22.
PINEHURST, N. C, FRIDAY, MARCH 11, 1898.
PRICE THREE CENTS.
111 11 IV 1 I
HISTORICAL LECTURE.
Gen. Carrington Tells of North
Carolina in Olden Times.
Many Fine Stereopticon Views Used to
Illustrate the Address.
An Appreciative Audience Fills the Village
Hall and Enjoys the Entertainment.
Early i the season our distinguished
winter resident, (Jen. II. B. Carrington,
kindly consented to favor the people of
our village with a historical lecture on
the Old North State and its Indian tind
Revolutionary antecedents, and our vil
lagers have been impatiently awaiting
the date assigned to it. The general i
well known throughout the country as a
historical writer, and his personal sur
veys of the battlefields of this state and a
study of American and British archives
relating to tnem make mm peculiarly well
lilted to deal with this subject in an in
teresting and instructive manner.
Last, evening was the appointed time,
and a large audience gathered in the Vil
lage Hall in anticipation of the promised
mental feast. 'Ihe general was in his
happiest vein and held the close atten
tion of those present throughout the
evening. The address was largely in the
form of a familar talk a style that is
peculiarly pleasing to our people, and in
keeping with the delightfully semi-formal
character of the Pinehurst entertain
ments and was replete with interesting
facts. A large number of stereoptican
views of Indians and Indian life that
were taken by the general during hi
visits among the several tribes of red
men, were thrown upon the screen with
goodelfect. The entertainment was one of
the pleasantest in the series of rinehurst
evening recreations and the orators
efforts met with the warm approval of all
those who had the good fortune to at
tend. Below we give the address in
full.
"We are gathered in this beautiful hall
from many sections, Canada included,
for rest, recuperation and health. Hut I
do not propose to dwell upon the climatic
features of the Old North State, nor to
usurp the place of your medical confident
ami intimate that you will find the true
elixir of lengthened life in the aroma of
its pines or the fragrance of its llora
which are so grateful and refreshing.
My purpose is simply to illustrate in a
familar manner some of the incidents
Which impart significance to its early
history.
Unlike all other Atlantic coasts, its
seaboard was so cut by inlets from the
ocean and fringed bv sub-marine shoals,
that its chief intercourse with C.reat
Hritian and the West Indies was largely
through the ports of Norfolk, Virginia,
ami Charleston, South Carolina, The
adventurous Sir Walter Hileigh and Sir
Humphrey (Jilbert, between the years
1578 and 1584, and of associated ex
plorers immediately after, established
permanent settlements, and its Capital
city still honors the memory of its pio
neer founder. Hut the spirit of adventure
which characterized those pioneers re
vealed to the people of Kngland a region
of such equable climate and such variety
of production upon the land and in rivers
and adjacent waters, as to secure for per
manent occupation and settlement a
population of sturdy, conscientious and
liberty-loving people who have ever left
their impress upon its development and
growth. The (Quaker, the Baptist, ami
the Presbyterian, who had been sub
jected to persecution elsewhere, appre
ciated a land of toleration and independ
ence. Even the stately forms of the
Rinehurst, I am able to introduce them
to your visible acquaintance; hrielly
stating that the Eastern Hand of Chero
kees own and occupy sixty-live thous.ind
acres in the counties of Cherokee, (Jra
h :m, .Jackson and Swayne, where lofty
mountains, narrow valleys, and purest
springs and rivulets are well known by
tourists and special visitors, ::s the "Land
of the Sky." The present population is
2,Jcs", of which 1,520 reside upon the lands
mentioned. In (ieorgia there are 080; in
Tennessee .'518, and in Alabama 111 of
the Eastern Hand of Cherokees. Coin
ponies A and H of the 0!)th North Caro
tin i regiment in the Confederate service
1 -01-05 came from this band, of whom
nearly thirty or their widows survive.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
CUHHOKKKS.
Principal Chief, Nimrod .1. Smith, (Cha la 1 i
hil)) "Charles the killer."
Group, Rev. .John Jackson, Morgan Calhoun,
William Ta la lah, ami Wesley.
Group, Chiefs of Council.
Group, Jesse lieed ami standing Deer.
mK.h pfeTjg hi
'.. '. I ' .
tiii; ' 1 1 i wi:.' ii 1 1 I
English church found tardy welcome.
Hie old stock planted the mountains and
valleys with precious seed;' and the
names of families and towns with which
we. are now familar are full of glorious
antecedents and spirited suggestions of
i successful struggle for both civil
mid religious liberty.
I shall endeavor to illustrate by the
tereopticon two phases only of North
'arolina history. Aside from the jeal
ousies of adventurers and the local politi-
al differences which are common to all
new countries, North Carolina shared
rith other colonies a protracted contest
,ith the Indian occupants of the soil,
for the establishment of safe and per
manent homes. And it is one of the pe
euliarities of North Carolina history, that
nth the exception of the Catawbas, the
id Indian tribes which gave her the
most trouble still retain their indepen
dence upon lands of their own, and com
pete with the white man in the exercise
of civilized life.
In olliciai visits to the Cherokees and
the Tuscaroras, entering every houe, 1
as able to secure representative pic
tures of living descendants of the origin-
proprietors of the Old North State.
Through the skill and artistic taste of
Mr. Arthur C. Butler, the electrician ot
Hryson City Court House, Swaine County.
Donaldson Kidge ami (Jap.
Group, Climbing RearandChief Smith's family.
Group, James Rlvthe, son in law of Chief
Smith, ami Sampson George ; Mount Noble in the
distance.
Valley of Ihe Soco.
Trout tishing.
Soco School House.
"Old Rig Witch" at home.
Councillor Wesley Crow at home.
The "Hypocrite School House," Rirdtown.
"The Chapel Oak," Rirdtown.
An open grist mill.
A closed grist mill.
flowing with a heifer.
The "Mulberry Hand Stand."
Cherokee Training School and Hand.
"But the most warlike and wisest In
dians of North America were the Iro
quois tribes; then, as ever since, occupy
ing both banks of the St. Lawrence
river and parts of New York. They
were so organized and so prolific in
schemes for aggrandizement that Park
man says of this people, "If Europeans
had not settled in New Englind, it is
most likely that the Iroquois would have
exterminated interior tribes of red men."
The "Hiawatha," of Longfellow, was
not a mythical character. He was the
"wise man"' of this great people.
Through his agency the Iroquois con
federacy was established. From its sys
tem Thomas Jefferson caught the frame
work of the American Constitution.
Each of the tribes, or nations, was i ml Im
pendent of all others in its local affairs ;
while one general council or congress
of chiefs, selected by the mothers in each
tribe or nation, administered all affairs
which required of the confederacy its
support whenever either tribe or nation
was threatened from without. The Tus
caroras, belonging to this great family,
drifted down the Mississippi and took
lodgement at the headwaters of the
Neuse and Tar rivers in North Carolina.
Overpowered by the increasing numbers
and better arms of the whites, they re
moved to the banks of the J'oanoke. In
1717 they removed to New York. They
sold their lands in North Carolina, and
appropriated 1:1,722 of the proceeds to
purchase land in New York. In 1722
they were formally admitted by their
Iroquois kinsmen, into the confederacy;
and the "Five Nations" became the ".Six
Nations'' of Revolutionary times and
ever since. They now own and culti
vate to the highest perfection, and with
the use of all the latest machinery, 0,24!)
acres only a few miles from Niagara
Falls, having their own churches and be
ing absolutely independent, through the
government of their chiefs, of all exter
nal authority, except as to crimes com
mitted against the laws of New York, or
those of the United States. They are
Christian, generally speak English, and
their churches, especially the Baptist,
are well maintained, with good houses of
worship with musical accompaniments
in which they are prolicient. The
widow of their greatest modern chief,
Mrs. Caroline Mnuntplcasant, (Je-keah-saw-sa,
(the Peace (ueen of the Senecas)
sister of the late (General Porter of
(i rant's stall', afterwards a police com
missioner of New York City, lived
among this nation until her recent de
cease. She was a woman of rare cul
ture, dignity and grace, eilicient in Sun
day school work, and in all forms of
social benevolence. Her picture, taken
at her residence, illustrates her charac
ter. The present population of the Tus
caroras is 780, of which number 287 live
on Orand river, Canada. It is of interest
to all students of Indian history to notice
this remarkable fact as to the Iroqouis,
viz: that their estimated numbers in
1000, Canada included, was 11,000; in
lG'Jf) increased to 12,850; in 1700, after
the destructive waste of the French and
Revolutionary wars, only 7,430; but in
181J0 there were 15,870 as the result of
civilization and peace. There is now a
small net annual increase. It is also
proper to add that the Cherokees them
selves are to be credited to Iroquois stock.
ILLUSTRATION'S.
Caroline Mountpleasant, (Ge-keah saw-su) the
Peace Queen ol the Senecas.
TCSC AUOH AS.
Thomas Williams, (So ker-yer ter) President.
Daniel Printup, (De-gua ter-anh) Treasurer.
Luther W. Jack, (Ta-wer-de quoit) Clerk.
Elias Johnson, (Tower na kee) Historian.
Grand Mountpleasant, (No mi kn-wa) Sachen
Chief.