II
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V9
VOL. HI., NO. 13.
PINEHURST, N. C, JAN. 2G, 1900.
PRICE THREE CENTS
THE LILY OF THE VALLEY.
Dedicated to L. B. L.
IVir fragrant Lily of the Vale,
K ii wrapped in sheltering green,
.s life indeed an oft-told tale
It's purposes unseen?
We know that thou art not of earth,
p.k'httype of purity!
What is there of supremest worth,
In human destiny?
Thou art creation's fairest flower,
Stern winter hows to thee
Whose heauty draws the vernal shower,
Transforming wood and lea.
Tell us thou shy exotic rare,
Pale harbinger of May,
should we like sparrows of the air
Live trustfully as they?
Mute are thy wondrous lily-bells,
l'n heard by human ear,
Fashioned where art perfected dwells,
In some celestial sphere.
Attuned to heavenly harmonies,
In ages long ago,
Their chimes mayhap the passing breeze,
Resounded here below.
o beauteous lily-bells so sweet,
With love's divinest art,
To me re-echoing, ye repeat
The longings of my heart.
Anna Ulubakd Mekcuk.
I'iiiehurst, January, HtOO.
NATIVE PLANTS AND TREES.
In I cresting Paper Contributed by Mr.
Olio KatzeiiNtcin at the Meeting of
Hie Slate Horticultural .Society.
The following paper entitled "Native
Plants and Trees" was contributed by Mr.
Otto Katzenstein. the manager of the
Pini'liuit Nurseries, ut the annual meet
ing of the State Horticultural Society
held at the l'iney Woods Inn last Friday
evening :
" The flora of our section is the more
fascinating to the observing stranger
from the North, because, while it reminds
him to a certain extent of the trees and
plants he was used to meet with at home,
there is enough again of the semi-tropical
n the first impression gained of our
landscape to be conducive to a more or
h'ss dose study of our native plants.
"U has been my privilege to make a
specialty of the trees and plants indig
enous to this section for the last four
years and I must confess that the more 1
:o of them and the better 1 get acquainted
with their development in their natural
'unions, the more I appreciate the
words of u recent writer who declared
'North Carolina a portion of paradise as
as wild flowers enter into the idea.
"Our flora can be distinctly separated into
i'1"" growing along the courses of our
JjWks and in those growing in upland.
'I'e most important representatives of
flatter class are of course the long
, ,f 1ines' whidi "ie or ought to be the
('"inant feature of our landscape, but
th-iuks to the incessant attacks on the part
) turpentine stillers and lumbermen on
one side, and of forest tires and the
J-'vages of the omnivorous razorbacks on
1,10 other, there are comparatively few
lv.nens left, in this section at least, in
virgin be aity. Where the pines were
destroyed they are followed by oaks, of
which there are a great many kinds and
varieties around here, but which mostly
originate from the blackjack or from the
post oak. Where the soil is not quite so
poor, persimmons are found growing
singly or in little groups. Their deli
cious fruit, after it has been touched by a
good frost, is too well known to need
more than be mentioned here. Where
the ground is not only a little rich but
also moist, hollies and dogwoods will
thrive and bloom and fruit. If there is
any tiling finer thin a group of dogwood
in bloom intermingled with the somber
green of the holly, I do not know it.
"The more we approach the edge of our
creeks the more varied the flora will
become. High towering stands the tulip
tree, building up its branches as sym
metrically as if laid oft with the rule and
producing its yellowish green tulip
shaped (lowers in early spring. The
black-gum is is another denizen of the
is as well known farther north as it is
with us and it deserves to on account of
its fine foliage and the very conspicuous
drupes of flowers which hang all winter.
"Smaller yet than those named before
are the beautiful fetterbush, with its
bright glossy evergreen foliage and its
fine heath-like flowers which appear
very early in spring and excite general
admiration. Its brother, the deciduous
staggerbush, drops its foliage during
winter but produces much more showy
flowers of distinct fragrance in April.
The gallberry, or as it is called further
north, the inkberry, is one of our stand
bys. It is always pleasant to look at
with its dark green foliage and its abund
ance of glossy black berries which hang
on all winter. There is a tall variety of
the gallberry which has larger and still
more glossy and leathery foliage and
which produces larger berries also.
"The bayberry or wax-myrtle is rather
common not only along our creeks but
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HOLLY INN LOBBY.
creeks. It grows also to a good sized
tree, lias very pretty foliage which col
ors finely in fall and it produces black
cherry-shaped berries. The sweet-gum,
which also is found mostly in moist
...i.mi ii.l irp.tnrc tiMtll 11U tc !l VPl'V lill'lTA
tine tree, colors simply gorgeously in
early fall and is prominent wherever it
appears. Hickories are found sometimes
but are comparatively scarce. Of some
what smaller growth but as showy as
any is the red maple, blooming as early
as March and immediately afterwards
developing its bright red winged fruits.
"Of shrubs and small trees the sweet
bay is one of the most prominent ones
not only for its frequence but also on
account of its leaves, its flowers and the
glow of its fruit-stands. The cliftouia
or iron wood has a narrow peach-shaped
nearly evergreen leaf and forms a very
finely shaped bush. The foliage hangs
on almost all winter, as do the drooping
thread-like fruit-stands. The sourwood
also on higher ground, is almost ever
green with us and is of a tine appearance
to look at, as are also the sweet pepper
bush and the alder. A rare species of the
alder the fothergilla is found some
times, but is not common at all. Many
shrubs besides holly are especially val
uable for their glowing red berries during
winter time. Conspicuous among these
are the deciduous holly, the foliage of
which resembles the evergreen holly a
good deal, but which is shed in fall. It,
as well as the red berried chokeberry,
begins to be generally recognized now
among the finest winter fruiting shrubs.
"The chokeberry is among our earliest
bloomers again in spring when its apple
blossom shaped flowers brighten up the
landscape. Then there are haws, with
an abundance of clusters of sometimes
eatable bluish black berries, pink bloom
ing azaleas, which bloom in earliest
spring before their leaves appear; the
yuccas which have a strikingly semi-
tropical aspect with their stiff leaves
and which send forth their tall spikes of
snowy bell-shaped flowers every May;
and many, many other shrubs, which to
enumerate only would take more time
than can be alotted to me. I will only
mention here yet the different briars,
which ramble luxuriously overand among
all the other denizens of our creeks. The
evergreen JSmilnx-laurifolia with its black
berries and the deciduous Smilax walterii
with its red berries are the most promi
nent of them.
"While it will appear from all I have
said before that a majority of our shrubs
occur in moist places, it is not said that
they will only thrive in such. Quite the
contrary! We hive for instance used
many thousands, and I may as well say
hundred thousands of fetterbush, gall
berry, sourwood and in fact of all other
shrubs I have mentioned, on the grounds
of Pinehurst. The plants were taken up
with only ordinary care, wherever they
could be found growing naturally and in
sufficient quantities, and were instantly
removed to high and dry ground, which
had been prepared for their reception
but scantily and where no special care
and attention could be given them after
they were once planted, except an occa
sional hoeing. Of all these enormous
quantities thus used, but a slight percent
age lias been lost even though their first
season was an exceptionally hot and dry
one. In fact, most of them did not seem
to mind the complete change of location
at all but continued not only to grow but
actually to thrive, especially after thej
were fed with manure or fertilizers.
"Not only in fine and interesting woody
plants, however, our section abounds but
there are a great number of most attrac
tive perennial herbaceous plants, whicii
are prominent through fine flowers, foli
age or fruit. To speak of them more
extensively would give material sufficient
for another paper and 1 shall confine my
self, therefore, to just a few of such that
while well known here, are at the same
tune rare elsewhere. There is for
instance our deer cabbage, Lupinus dif
fuses, which is a biennial. It forms very
large tufts of grayish green thick leaves
and produces a piofusion of flowers,
which appear in earl' spring in very
showy spikes and which are extremely
pretty. It may be worth mentioning
here, that the seed will generally lay over
a whole year before it germinates and
that it ought to be sown therefore as soon
as possible after ripening, although it
keeps its germinating power for several
years. This lupine and the quite as well
known devil's shoestring, are most excel
lent sand binders. The devil's shoestring
obtained its quaint name most probably
just for that reason, as its roots can hardly
be eradicated wherever they once take
firmly hold.
"Earliest of the spring bloomers is the
mayfiower, which opens here by the mid
dle of February and our sweet little
pyxies, the flowering moss, which is in