6
Thursday, December 9,1993
NATO Meeting to Discuss
Status of Eastern Europe
BY GREGORY RAY
STAFF WRITER
U.S. Secretaiy of Defense Les Aspin is
meeting with other defense ministers of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization in
Brussels, Belgium this week to discuss closer
cooperation between NATO and the states
of the former Warsaw Pact
At the meeting, which will run through
Dec. 12. Aspin and the other defense min
isters will be discussing combined joint
task forces, a Partnership for Peace to
strengthen relations with Eastern Euro
pean countries, and counterproliferation.
President Clinton is scheduled to attend
a summit meeting with other NATO lead
ers in January in Brussels.
One of the proposals to be discussed
during the meeting would allow Eastern
European countries to ask for NATO mill
tary assistance in certain situations
“NATO elements may be requested to
be used by specific nations," Department
of Defense spokesman Commander Keith
Arterbum said in describing the proposed
combined joint task force. “NATO (now)
decides how it will use its own forces.”
Arterbum emphasized that the idea of
East-West military cooperation currently
was no more than a proposal and that it
would be reviewed at upcoming meetings.
“Nothing has been decided,” he said.
Partnership for Peace is a “way to work
more closely with (the Eastern European
nations),” UNC political science Professor
Eric Mlyn said. “It allows certain technical
and political assistance.”
Counterproliferation involves attempts
to prevent weapons of mass destruction
from becoming too easily obtained and
used, Arterbum said.
Douglass Stuart, director of interna
tional studies at Dickinson College in Penn
sylvania, said the meeting was an effort to
stabilize relationships betweenNATO and
members of the former Eastern bloc.
The meeting this week tackles propos
als to strengthen the North Atlantic Coop
eration Council, an organization of 38
PHE
FROM PAGE 3
tion to keep PHE from relocating its head
quarters from Carrboro to Hillsborough’s
Meadowlands Office Park.
Donald Boys of the anti-pornography
organization Common Sense for Today
said justice had not been served in the
settlement.
“These pomographers should be put
out of business,” Boys said.
“The intention of the Tirst Amend
ment was not to protect these scum bags.”
PHE attorney David Rudolph said the
company was vindicated by the settlement
because the government agreed to stop
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NATO countries T ' '
and former mem- >• WR
bers of the W arsa w iJE"
Pact, Stuart said.
“The issue is
beefing up this in- I MWt‘ / Xi
stitution,” he said. ■BKp~v
proposals were the ‘M
pressure from the IT* ]
Eastern European U.S. Secretary of
states over the past Defense LES ASPIN is
year.” attending the meeting
Nations such as in Brussels,
the Czech Republic,
Hungary and Poland want to become mem
bers of the NATO alliance. But NATO is
not ready to grant membership to those
countries right now, Stuart said.
“NATO is going to reassure them by
enhancing NACC,” he said
Mlyn said NATO members were reluc
tant to grant membership to the ibrmer
Warsaw Pact nations because of concerns
about the state of affairs in politically un
steady Russia.
“At this point, it’s not a possibility be
cause of Russian sensitivity,” he said.
Mlyn said he was not sure if the former
Warsaw Pact countries were pleased with
the measures, and he thought their goal to
enter NATO would remain the same.
“Some of the Eastern European coun
tries ultimately will want full member
ship,” he said.
Laszlo Szoke, a member of the political
section of the Hungarian Embassy in Wash
ington, said that although Hungary had
not officially applied for NATO member
ship, Hungarian leaders had been inter
ested for more than a year.
He said the proposed agreements were
“a way to ensure the presence of (NACC)
members in the decision-making forum.”
Mlyn said the NACC was created by
NATO at a 1991 summit in Rome and
described the proposals as “giving (the
former Warsaw Pact members) an ‘in’ to
the club, but not membership.”
multi-district prosecutions ,and also be
cause the conviction was a violation of
postal regulations, not an obscenity viola
tion.
“It’s a vindication that these multi-dis
trict prosecutions were morally and I egally
wrong, and it’s a recognition that the con
tent of what we’ve distributed for the past
five years is legal,” he said.
However, Rudolph said he was disap
pointed that the company had to plead
guilty to any charge, especially because the
problem had been voluntarily corrected
several years ago.
“Overall, it’s a vindication, but one al
ways wants a complete vindication, not to
have to settle for a 98-percent vindication. ”
STATE & NATIONAL
Experts: Escobar’s Killing Won’t Stop Drug Flow
BYANNABURDESHAW
STAFF WRITER
The Dec. 2 slaying of long-sought Co
lombian drug lord Pablo Escobar appar
ently will not have much impact on the
flow of drugs into the United States, ex
perts say.
“Someone has already stepped in to
take Escobar s place,” said Les Stanford, a
public information officer at the Bureau of
Alcohol, Tobacco, andFirearms. “As long
as there’s a demand in this country, there’s
going to be someone in South America to
fin it.”
The Colombian and U.S. governments
had offered an $8.7 million reward for
Escobar’s capture before Escobar was shot
U.S., Europe Enter Final Stages of GATT Talks
BYWARDCONVILLE
STAFF WRITER
After seven years of arguing over agri
cultural subsidies and movie exports, the
United States and the European Commu
nity are hammering out the final details of
their section of the General Agreement on
Trade and Tariffs this week in Brussels,
Belgium.
Trade representatives from 116 nations
have assembled in Geneva, Switzerland to
conclude the Uruguay Round of GATT
talks before the Dec. 15 deadline set by
U.S. Congress.
“The U.S. and the EC coming to terms
is critical to the whole process when the
HOUSEKEEPERS
FROM PAGE 1
“It’s my impression that the things that
you have seen or heard about from years
ago are being worked on and are changing.
“Part of that is training,” he said. “We
have additional training (for housekeep
ers) in the last several years. That was
nonexistent previously. ”
Barbara Prear, a UNC housekeeper and
member of the association’s steering com
mittee, said the housekeepers’ complaints
had implications for all University em
ployees. “If you look at the University and
you look at the whole setup, the majority of
the black people they have working is aU in
housekeeping,” she said. “The state was
mandated to hire so many black people
and they did ... as housekeepers.
“Basically, all your black people are
hired in the lower-paid jobs.”
According to the 1993 UNC Staff Work
Force Analysis in the Affirmative Action
Plan for Staff Employees, almost 76 per
cent of the staff work force in the service
and maintenance category, which includes
housekeepers, are black.
All UNC employees other than faculty
members are defined as staff members.
MULTICULTURAL
FROM PAGE 3
ting people to accept homosexuality as a
lifestyle,” Alexander said. “To me, there is
a big difference between tolerance and ac
ceptance. I can tolerate homosexuality,
but I cannot stand to have somebody make
me accept it.”
But Jones said the multicultural plan
should be used as a vehicle to celebrate
diversity. “To me, homosexuality is a
lifestyle. I would rather celebrate diversity.
I don’t think it’s right to exclude sexual
orientation from the mission statement.”
Many members of the opposition argue
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down by a Colombian security force on a
building rooftop in Medellin.
Dewey Stokes, president of the Frater
nal Order of Police, said the Colombian
government had reason to celebrate de
spite the fact that Escobar probably had
already been replaced.
“Anytime you can bring to an end the
career of an individual (like Escobar), it’s a
psychological victory for the government
and the legitimate authorities, ” Stokes said.
John Bizzack, an adjunct professor at a
University of Kentucky community col
lege, said the death of anyone in Escobar’s
powerful position could at least tempo
rarily interrupt the drug trade. “It certainly
disrupts the type of network ... that has
been under their control for a long time,”
talks move to Geneva,” said Dennis Lamb,
a Washington representative of the Orga
nization for Economic Cooperation and
Development, an international economic
monitoring organization.
Lamb said the OECD had predicted
world income would increase by at least
S2OO billion a year if GATT was ratified.
Although most of the media attention
has been focused primarily on the agricul
tural subsidy discussions between the U.S.
and the EC, the negotiations have actually
been very broad.
“Part of this negotiation is about tariff
and quota reduction, but much of what’s
being done in these talks is dealing with
intellectual property protection,” he said.
In the next-highest staff category, skilled
crafts, 17 percent of employees are black,
while almost 83 percent are white. The
skilled-craft category includes those in oc
cupations such as caipenters, electricians
and type-setters.
Jack Stone, UNC director of employ
ment, said the University employed blacks
in all job categories. “There are more black
people in other jobs on campus than there
are in housekeeping.”
UNC employs 1,423 black staff mem
bers of a total of 5,741. Of the total staff
employees, 591 are classified in the service
and maintenance occupation category.
Stone said the University had a legal
obligation to ensure that the applicant pool
for staff positions was representative of the
demography of the surrounding area.
“For example, we as a federal contrac
tor must demonstrate our commitment to
affirmative action,” he said. “We are to
make good-faith efforts in terms of having
a work force, by job category, that is repre
sentative of the labor market.”
Stone added that the pay grades for
UNC staff were assigned according to the
responsibility involved in the job, not ac
cording to the job classification.
“It’s a misnomer to assume that be
that homosexuality is not a culture.
“The school system has not answered
the question yet that asks if homosexuality
is a culture,” Alexander said. “The issue
still is being discussed.”
Jones said homosexuality should be
taught, regardless of the definition.
“I take the broader view of the defini
tion of multiculturalism,” Jones said. “We
want people to know that there is much
more to cultures than what the strict defini
tion states.”
Touw said he fully supported sexual
orientation education in the school sys
tem. “ I feel that sexual orientation needs to
be included,” Touw said. “The school
Bizzack said.
But he added that it was difficult to
makeadirectconnectionbetweenthe death
of a particular criminal and drug activity in
the United States. “I don’t think it will ever
be anything that can be effectively mea
sured,” Bizzack said.
Stephanie Greene, acting administrator
of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Adminis
tration, said in a statement released Dec. 2
that Escobar’s death was a positive step
forward in the fight against drugs.
“Escobar’s demise will now enable the
Colombian government to focus its efforts
on the Cali Cartel, the world’s largest drug
trafficking organization,” the statement
said. “This action proves once again that
powerful drug trafficking lords are not in
Lamb said negotiators also were working
to equalize copyright laws to protect the
intellectual property rights of individuals
who made certain products, such as mov
ies and compact discs.
Felix Livingston, president of the Insti
tute for World Capitalism, which works
for the advancement of democratic capital
ism, said France had been mainly respon
sible for blocking this week’s talks. “France
came up with two or three last minute
points to protect their farmers,” he said.
“They also want to maintain their high
tariffs on American movies and videos.”
Marshall Martin, a Purdue University
professor of agricultural economics, said
talks between the U.S. and the EC had
cause you are in this category, you are the
lowest paid,” he said.
According to the UNC’s Affirmative
Action Plan, the executive administrative
and managerial category includes occupa
tions with salary grades ranging from 62 to
84, the highest grade. The service and
maintenance category, which includes
housekeepers, includes salary grades rang
ing from 50, the lowest pay grade, to 67.
Labor organizers across the state have
said the UNC Housekeepers Association
also has had implications for other univer
sity employees and public workers.
Ray Eurquhart, a Durham city worker
and a member of the American Federation
of State County and Municipal Employ
ees, said UNChousekeepershadbeen com
municating with other state workers, and
housekeepers and state workers were learn
ing from each other’s experiences.
“We have been building a North Caro
lina public employees network or employ
ees assembly, and the housekeepers have
participatedinthat,” he said. “That’s where
we try to connect all public employees,
whether they work for the state, county or
municipalities, to come together to share
stories, share resources and to see how far
they are along in getting established in the
board has said that sexual orientation will
be included with the plan, but we need to
work out the presentation of homosexual
ity so that it will not offend people’s reli
gion or culture.”
Alexander agrees that tolerance should
be taught in the school district and sug
gested that a tolerance plan would solve
the system’s problems.
“Children should be taught not to tease
homosexuals, just like they are told not to
tease fat or handicapped people,”
Alexander said. “Tolerance needs to be
taught. We really need to sit down and
write a tolerance policy.”
Touw said the multicultural education
plan was aimed more at teachers than at
students, but added that student involve
ment in the process had been remarkable.
“We currently have three high school
students on the committee,” Touw said.
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vincible.”
But Stokes said that many Colombian
farmers were dependent on the income
they received for growing plants used to
make illegal drugs. “It’s virtually an eco
nomicissuewiththem,”hesaid. “Theway
to get away from that is to deviate farmers,
to pay them for legitimate products.”
He said he thought drugs would con
tinue to flow into the U.S. at the same rate.
“We can’t completely let our enforce
ment down on drug interdiction as some
are talking about doing,” Stokes said.
In the long run, Stokes said, Escobar’s
death might create a drug trafficking orga
nization that would be harder to track.
,“It may give an opportunity to divide
(the cartel) up."
been ongoing since 1987, when the U.S.
originally called for an almost complete
elimination of tariffs around the world.
“We have since been backing away to a
similar position to that ofthe EC,” he said.
European trade ministers have been
slower in the past to cut tariffs and subsi
dies, he said. "France, for instance, feels
they have gone as far as they can in trade
liberalization,” said Martin.
U.S. Sen. Jesse Helms, R-N.C., has
been concerned about GATT’s effect on
U.S. textiles and furniture industries as
well as agriculture, said Jimmy Broughton,
Helms’ press aide.
“Senator Helms is monitoring those
negotiations closely.”
workplace. The housekeepers have been a
part of that movement and certainly had an
impact on and encouraged people about
their strength and perseverance.
“Another thing that comes out of that
network is the possibility oflinking up with
the other UNC(-system) universities which
again have housekeepers, janitors orcusto
dians and are probably in a very similar
situation.”
He added that the Friends of the UNC
Housekeepers group was being formed to
provide support and resources for house
keepers.
Rukiya Dillihunt, a member of the
Rocky Mount-based Black Workers for
Justice, said the UNC housekeepers were
part of a growing movement across the
state to organize workers. She added that
the members of the UNC Housekeepers
Association were instrumental in starting
a movement among publicly employed
housekeepers across the state to push for
better working conditions and better pay.
“The UNC housekeepers in particular
are the MBS who*,began the movement
around housekeepers,” she said. “What
we are looking at is the possibility ofhouse
keepers at other (public and private) uni
versities beginning to organize.”
“The student government at CHHS passed
a bill earlier this year that stated their
support for sexual orientation education in
the high school.”
The CHHS student government also
submitted a list of more than 500 student
names who supported sexual orientation
education to the Chapel Hill-Carrboro
school board.
Touw said he was pleased with the
committee’s accomplishments and with
the results of the mission statement.
“We wanted to accomplish something
that was very clear.” Touw said. “Some
thing that everyone could understand and
live with. Homosexuality is a difficult is
sue, and things are changing.
“But not everyone is ready for that
change. We want to people to know that
everyone ought to respect each other, re
gardless of their behavior.”