6
Friday, October 24,1997
IN THE NEWS
Ttf stories from tbt state, nation and world.
English nanny testifies
in publicized murder trial
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. A 19-year
old English nanny charged with mur
dering a baby by shaking and slamming
his head testified Thursday that her job
could be frustrating but that she never
hurt the child.
“I love kids,” Louise Woodward said.
Woodward said 8-month-old
Matthew Eappen frequently toppled
over and might have hit his head when
he fell near the steps of his playroom the
day before he was hospitalized last
February.
Woodward said the only time she
ever shook the infant was the day last
year when she found him in his crib,
gasping for breath and turning blue. He
died five days later of head injuries, his
brain oozing through a crack in his
skull.
“I was clapping, and when he would
n’t respond to me I lifted him up and
shook him,” said Woodward, shaking
her hands for a few seconds.
“He was unresponsive,” she said as
she began to cry. “I was really fright-
Tobacco compensation plan proposed
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
WASHINGTON Senators from tobacco states pro
posed an alternative plan Thursday to protect growers by set
ting aside $28.5 billion under the national tobacco settlement
to compensate for reduced demand and provide economic
development.
The legislation by Sen. Wendell Ford, D-Ky., differs
markedly from a sls billion plan outlined by Sen. Dick Lugar,
R-Ind., in that it continues government programs that control
tobacco supplies and set a minimum price and does not rec
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ened. I panicked.”
The au pair’s testimony came near
the end of her dramatic first-degree mur
der trial. If convicted, she faces a
mandatory life in prison.
Clinton uses voto pownr,
cuts spending pragmas
WASHINGTON - Runway
improvements in Florida and military
dining halls in Montana will have to
wait.
As individual lawmakers complain
loudly about President Clinton's moves
to cancel dozens of local spending pro
jects, congressional leaders are showing
little interest in reviving the early casu
alties of his line-item veto power.
The projects that Clinton has can
celed are hard to defend to a national
audience as crucial, congressional lead
ers believe.
“I don’t sense any burning desire to
overturn the vetoes in the House,” said
Rep. Bob Livingston, R-La., chairman
of the House Appropriations
Committee
Besides, the president let stand mil
lion-dollar military construction projects
in home districts of most congressional
leaders, among them House Speaker
Newt Gingrich, Senate Majority Leader
Trent Lott and Livingston.
Clinton also has changed his mind
about his veto of a $5.2 million aircraft
support complex in South Dakota,
home state of his most fervent Senate
supporter, Minority Leader Tom
Daschle.
Budget Director Franklin Raines
ommend paying off growers to get out of the tobacco busi
ness.
“This legislation is about providing stability, preserving
traditions and keeping farms in the hands of farm families,”
Ford said.
Original co-sponsors of the measure include Sen. Mitch
McConnell, R-Ky., and N.C. Republicans Jesse Helms and
Lauch Faircloth. Kentucky and North Carolina grow about
two-thirds of the nation’s cigarette tobacco.
Die $368.5 billion settlement of state health-related smok
ing lawsuits negotiated by attorneys general and the tobacco
companies has yet to be submitted as a bill in Congress. But
President Clinton and many lawmakers want to include the
124,000 tobacco growers, who were omitted from the original
pact.
“It’s time to move our tobacco farmers to the front of the
line,” Ford said.
Under Ford’s plan, people who own government tobac
co quotas would receive $4 a pound for each pound their
quota is reduced below 1994-96 average levels because of
reduced demand triggered by the settlement. There would be
a lifetime cap of $8 per pound of that average quota.
The bill by Lugar, chairman of the Senate Agriculture
Committee, proposes an outright SB-a-pound buyout of quota
owners, who could then no longer grow tobacco.
People who lease tobacco-growing rights would get $2 per
pound below that average, as would tenant farmers who grow
tobacco for quota owners. These also would be subject to a
lifetime cap.
Lugar also included payments to people who lease quotas
but nothing for the tenants.
Ford’s bill would set aside $8.3 billion over 25 years in
grants to states to help tobacco-dependent communities deal
with economic problems caused by reduced smoking and to
help farmers diversify into other crops.
There would also be a $1.4 billion grant program allowing
tobacco farmers and their dependents to obtain grants ini
tially $1,700 and rising to $2,900 by 2019 for higher edu
cation. And another SSOO million would help train people
who now work in tobacco-related jobs for other employment.
V I Hw
1 I 1 I I O
STATE & NATIONAL
called that veto an “error” and pledged
to restore the money.
Algeria bolds first local
•lectioas since revolution
ALGIERS, Algeria As thousands
of soldiers kept an eye out for terrorists,
Algerians picked candidates Thursday
in the first local elections since 1990
the last of four votes aimed at squelch
ing an Islamic revival that has mush
roomed into a relentless and bloody
revolt.
Security forces kept a discreet watch
on voting areas in the capital, but were
out in force in some suburbs that have
been flashpoints for violence.
Soldiers in camouflage patrolled near
the decrepit schoolhouse that served as
a polling station in Eucalyptus, at the
start of the so-called “Triangle of
Death” just south of Algiers. The region
—a stronghold of the most militant
Islamic faction has been the focal
point of the insurgency that has killed
an estimated 75,000 people in six years.
Violence wracking Algeria was a
favorite theme of many of the candi
dates lO of whom were killed while
campaigning —and the dominant rea
son cited by voters for going to the polls.
"If I came here to vote, it’s to make
the country stronger,” said a stooped 88-
year-old woman, Tala Malek Yamina,
in El Harrach, a suburb that has been
the site of numerous bombings.
The Interior Ministry said 66.76 per
cent of the country’s 16 million voters
had cast ballots.
FROM WIRE REPORTS
Gingrich proposes budget plan
■ The plan manages to
include surpluses, science
spending and tax cuts.
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
WASHINGTON House Speaker
Newt Gingrich unveiled an ambitious
fiscal agenda for Republicans on
Thursday, calling for recession-proof
budget surpluses every year, annual tax
cuts and extra spending for science,
transportation and defense.
“Our first goal every year ought to be
to run a surplus,” Gingrich told the
House Budget Committee. “It ought to
be a surplus large enough that a reason
able recession won’t stop it.”
The Georgia Republican did not sug
gest how large the surplus should be, or
the magnitude of the extra spending or
tax cuts he envisioned. Surpluses that
PRIVATE
FROM PAGE 1
a 15 percent chance of success, or I can
develop a local collaboration with some
very good scientists, write a grant and
have it funded,” Dangl said.
“Financially, it’s a no-brainer.”
Conflict of interest
Most professors said they didn’t think
bias in contract research was a problem,
although many said the potential for
bias did exist.
Offenbacher said the potential for
bias could creep up in any experimental
design, whether industrially or federal
ly funded.
“Those of us who research a lot are
very careful to design experiments to
avoid inadvertent bias,” Offenbacher
said.
Conflicts of interests can arise when
faculty members become paid consul
tants for companies, Lowman said.
He said researchers do not get federal
money without going through a strict
review process.
“If there is an obvious slant in feder
al research to fit a corporate agenda,
then the researcher is not going to get
the money,” Lowman said.
The University also requires all facul
ty consultants who make SIO,OOO or
more a year to submit annual conflict of
interest statements.
Brouwer said it was important to
keep priorities straight when consulting
but that some faculty members probably
spent time consulting and then pocketed
the money.
“It is all in how it is approached.
Consulting can be a double-edged
sword, but in my experience here I have
seen it as a positive thing,” she said.
Publishing the results
Chancellor Emeritus Paul Hardin
said his experience found an underlying
tension in publishing the findings of
contract research.
“The government and the academia
have the same goal: to discover and dis
STEINEM
FROM PAGE 1
excuse to bring everyone together.
One of the main focuses was change,
a part everyone had the potential to be
involved in, she said.
“We must remember nothing is too
small to talk about,” Steinem said. “We
should feel free to bring up everything.”
JTH E WEIL LECTURE ON AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP
1787 Revisited:
Should We Change the Constitution?
■HH WALTER DELLINGER
Former U.S. Solicitor General and the
Douglas B. Maggs Professor of Law at Duke University
Tuesda Y' October 28,1997
Tate-Turner-Kuralt School of Social Work
301 Pittsboro Street
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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could weather most recessions would
easily amount to tens of billions of dol
lars annually, which lawmakers might
find tempting to use for tax cuts or extra
spending instead.
Gingrich’s call for sustained surplus
es tracks recommendations by Federal
Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan and
many economists, who agree that lower
interest rates would result.
He said extra spending for the mili
tary, public works and technology were
needed because the United States has
“the inevitable responsibility to lead the
planet.” And tax cuts have long been the
keystone tenet for many congressional
Republicans.
Gingrich’s mutual embrace of signif
icant surpluses, tax cuts and extra spend
ing reflected pressures from ever-grow
ing numbers of GOP lawmakers who
have crafted competing plans for using
the money.
seminate knowledge,” Hardin said.
“The main objective of a company,
however, is proprietary advantage: to
discover truth but not necessarily to
share it.”
John Salmeron, a senior scientist at
Novartis, said it was often in a compa
ny’s best interest to keep some informa
tion confidential.
“Making findings public sometimes
works against our interests in the short
term,” said Salmeron. “We have to
make sure knowledge is not premature
ly released to stay competitive. The
University and the corporation usually
strike some sort of compromise. There
is a little give and take on both sides.”
Lowman said the University would
not under any circumstances sign a con
tract without the right to publish the
findings.
There can be a delay in publishing
tresults, however, to give a company
time to make sure the University did not
reveal its trade secrets in reports. The
delay also provides a chance to review
the results and see if the research can
lead to a patentable invention.
“If we do not file for a patent before
publicly disclosing the information, we
lose the right to patent in most of the
world,” Lowman said.
The Board of Governors allows the
University to accept contractual lan
guage that can delay publication up to
one year.
“We start negotiating at 45 days,”
Lowman said. “Outside of clinical drug
trials we seldom accept a contract that
has a delay of longer than six months.”
Francis Meyer, associate vice provost
and director of the Office of Technology
Development, said that while the mis
sions of companies and the University
were very different, they have learned to
work together over the years.
'Lapsed salary” and other ideas
Faculty members who do contract
research do not receive additional salary.
If a researcher receives a grant that pays
salary, it is paid in lieu of, not in addi
tion to, University salary.
Politics have caused the structure of
oppression, and society needs to under
stand where it came from, she said.
“The most basic reason why we find
ourselves in this gendered structure is
because it is the very definition of patri
archy to control the very body of the
female.”
Steinem connected the three issues of
reproductive freedom, racial justice and
Sip Daily (Ear Heel
“Good Lord,” Robert Reischauer,
former director of the nonpartisan
Congressional Budget Office and now a
fellow at The Brookings Institution, said
in an interview. “That tells me he wants
to be all things to all people, which is
why he’s speaker.”
The senior Democrat in the room,
Rep. John Spratt of South Carolina, said
he largely agreed with Gingrich’s plans.
But he also urged caution, a tone many
Democrats have adopted following the
budget-balancing deal between
President Clinton and Congress and the
relief they hope it has given them from
their old “tax-and-spend” label.
“All of that’s a tall order, you’ll have
to admit, for a surplus that has yet to
materialize,” Spratt said.
Earlier this month, White House
budget chief Franklin Raines said no
extra spending should occur until sur
pluses actually materialize.
“If there is an obvious slant
in federal research to fit a
corporate agenda, then the
researcher is not going to get
the money. ”
ROBERT LOMdUUI
Associate vice provost for research
“If a grant pays 20 percent of the fac
ulty member’s salary, this frees up
money in the University,” Lowman said.
“We call this ‘lapsed salary.’ ”
Graduate students may use “lapsed
salary” money or money provided for
them in grants as research assistants.
Corporations can also give grants in
the form of internships to the University
for training graduate students.
Mark Bush, a graduate student in the
Department of Pharmaceuticals, said
the internships give an insight into
industry.
“This helps make the ultimate deci
sion about how your career is going to
progress,” Bush said.
Tori Elliott, a graduate student in the
pharmaceuticals department, said a pri
vate industry internship is great experi
ence.
“You get to work in better facilities
and make contacts for later on in youi
career,” Elliott said.
Chancellor Michael Hooker said he
was in favor of contract research.
"This is a way of serving the state,
which is one of our missions,” Hooker
said.
Dangl said corporate research was
more collaborative than contractual.
He said many believe that in contract
research, the corporation gives a scien
tist money and a list of things to do and
that the researcher carries out the appro
priate steps.
“It’s not like that at all,” Dangl said.
“We have had good interactions with
contract research. It’s been a good expe
rience intellectually as well as financial
ly.”
the depoliticizing of sexuality.
“I really liked that she made the con
nection of different issues because all
forms of oppression are the same,” said
B-GLAD Co-chair lan Palmquist.
“She appealed to the whole spectrum
of people,” said Neil Kataria, a sopho
more from Greenville. “She made it so
she focused not on one group but the
whole audience.”