THE WAREHOUSE CHARGES.
, BebeaJ Granville Co., N. C,
January 26, 1889.
Mb. Editor: I notice in The Pro
obessive Farmer of this week a pre-
amble and resolution as passed by
Fair Port Alliance, No. 521, in regard
k to exorbitant charges by the different
tobacco warehouses. The bretnren s
statement is true in regard to the per
' cent. I have a bill in my pocket now
where it took' 4 or 25 per cent, for
' selling, and I must say f-r the ware-
housemen's benefit, that thev cannot
afford to sell for much less than 10
or 25 cer cent, and come out even in
the end out of this crop of tobacco,
and the brethren ought not to grum
ble. The crop isvery sorry, and it is
worth a good deal to look at it and
equally as mucn to nanaie it; oesiaes,
there are a good many drummers to
be paid some at .a salary of one
thousand dollars and of course we
have this to pay. So, brethren, don't
kick, "all's fair in war," and if you
Mck out from such charges, and are not
willing to Help pay tnese drummers,
just drive down to the Farmers' Ware-
house, run by R. F. Knott, manager,
&uu uy me -raiuieio mauwu
ville county, who will sell your tobacco
ior the nignest market price and
hardly, in any instance, charge more
tnan tne 5 per cent. asKea ior; pays
iio drummer. The farmer m there-
duction of warehouse charges gets
the drummer's salary.
This house has grown to be very
popular, not only Alliance men stick to
it, but men outside of the order (all
charged alike) and to-day is the lead-
ing house in the town of Oxford,
' although Oxford is selling tobacco for
a dozen counties and three States.
This house' is run under the super-
yision of seven directors, appointed
by the Alliance, five from Orranville
And two from Person, who meet regu-
larly the first Monday m each month,
., to iook alter me woth., anu am nappy
:to say the work is giving entire satis
faction. With the fidelity : of these
directors, managers and men employed
' in the house, and ' a guarantee from
the buyers to stand by us, as they
-have done and are still doing, how can
we expect to fail ? We are getting a
liberal patronage from Person county
And will pe glad to get some fine ship-
ments from the East and other sec-
tions, as this tobacco is in great de-
xnand on our market, lry us, breth-
ren, and see the difference in cnarges.
The Alliance men everywhere in reach
are beginning to una out tnat money
saved is money maoe; tney are
arousing themselves from the "death-
like lethargy" and standing more and
more as a "unit" to put down oppres-1
sion, high charges, etc. So, brethren
the remedy is at your door for high
charges.
The Farmers' Alliance of Granville,
through a committee, waited on the
warehousemen and asked them for a
reduction of one-half their charges,
with 2 per cent, added, which would
have given us entire satisfaction and I
About 5 per cent, averaged and they
'refused to do so: then, for our mutual
benefit and saving, we started a house J
of our own. So, brethren, the county
has gone 'in advance of your resolu-
tion, have asked just about, what you
ask ior and could accompiisn notnmg.
This is the first s and only step the to
bacco farmer , has ever taken for his
protection; others will soon follow,
having the same interest. We should
act as a unit in standing together, and
xt will be but the morning
lignal for a better day.
star a,-
THE CITY OF,- DANVILLE AND
THE FARMERS' ALLIANCE.
'"tv'nEBEAs, We, the Farmers' Aili
ance of Caswell county, N. C, have
State and nation to work for the
' moral and material good of the work-
they intend to antagonize no interest
in business; but simply wish to protect
"themselves from combinations and
"irauds and to insist upon a full recog
nition of their rights. And in order
"to do this we will use every effort to
-secure an agent for the sale of our
produce for a less per cent, than at
present; and, wherereas, the Business
Agent of this County Alliance was in
structed to see the warehousemen in
Danville, Va., (which may be regarded
as our natural market) and urge them
to make some deduction from the
charges for selling tobacco, and was
informed that all the warehouse
men had bound themselves in a
penal bond to make no concessions;
therefore
' liesolved, That, we greatly regret
this action by our friends in Danville;
that it .is a recognized fact in political
economy that buyers at wholesale buy
at less price than those at retail; there
fore those selling large quantities of
any product through the same agent
is entitled to and does get a reduction
if the large seller insists.
of the warehousemen everywhere that
in the publication of the pounds of
tobacco sold on their respective floors
they give so far as possible the amount
of re-sales, to the end that a true state
ment of the crop sold on any market
may be reached; then giving the
farmer "a free ballot and a fair count"
That ' other things being equal, we
pledge ourselves, to support "with bur
patronage that warehouse which will
give the public the amount of such
sales in pounds.
3d. That we have heard with regret
some manufacturers have been brand
ing their goods with devices as if they
were authorized to use the name of
the Alliance, and we warn them that
we view this as a departure from that
high moral and correct dealing which
should characterize every manuiac
turer.
4th. That we do not believe this to
have been corruDtlv done, but with
out thought of any impropriety
4. '
5. That the Secretary be instructed
to send a copy of these resolutions to
the leading newspapers tor puonca
tion. F. A. Pierson,
Sec'y Caswell Alliance.
BAGGING FACTORY.
From the Meridian (Miss.) News.
Messrs. Pattv. of Noxubee. Beeman
cf gcott, and Rylee, of Marshall, the
committee anDointed bv the State Alli-
ance for the purpose of investigating
tne feasibility of manufacturing: a cov-
erjng for cotton from other material
tnan jute bagging, met, by invitation,
memoers oi ine roara 01 iraue
at tne Cotton Exchange Monday
night.
r patty read to the meeting the
following "memoranda for the estab-
Ushment of a bagging factory: "
i Corporation To be chartered
under the general laws of the State of
Mississippi.
2. Object The manufacture of bag
ging from low grade cotton or other
material if more advantageous,
3. Capital Stock To be five nun
dred thousand dollars, divided into
shares of five dollars each, but opera
tions may begin when the sum of
$50,000 have been subscribed and paid
in as hereinafter provided.
4. Subscription To be first selected
County and Sub-Alliances and indi
viouai memoers to De paid mto ireas
uries of the respective County Alli
ances subject to order, and if the sum
so realized shall be inadequate, then
subscriptions may be received from
other sources.
5. Locality The factory to be
located at such place (all other things
being equal) as may offer the greatest
inducements of site or money or both,
it beinsr understood that more than
one factory shall be erected if the
same shall be found necessary and ex-
pedient.
6. Operations The enterprise to be
conducted upon the co-operative plan,
expenses, including repairs and in-
terest on capital, stocks and improve
ments, to be deducted from the gross
earnings and the remainder returned
to shareholders, dividends to be de-
clared annually.
Note A detailed plan upon the
foregoing basis to be prepared and
submitted to the County Alliances for
action at meetings m uctooer next,
and if the response shall be favorable,
advertisment to be made for thirty
days, inviting sealed proposals for do
nation for sites for location, etc.
The President of the State Alliance
hereafter to call a meeting qt-'the
stocKnoiaers (to be represented by one
delegate from each county) to effect
permanent organization and taKe sucn
oi-uer urgamz-ayion as may oe aeemea
advisable, in case of subscriptions
outside of he Alliance such subscrip
tions hall be represented in said meet
ing, in such manner as they may elect.
FIGHTING THE PLUM APHIS.
The small, brown insects infesting
the leaves of the wild goose plum are
the wingless form of the plum tree
aphis (apris pruni, Kock). Individ
uals of this species vary in color, as
also do the different stages, being
sometimes partially of a green color.
They infest the under side of the
leaves, usually near the ends of the
twigs, puncturing the former and
causing them to. become wrinkled and
twisted. The species reproduces with
astonishing rapidity, and were it not
for the attacks of their natural ene
mies, they would soon overrun the
entire tree. They are, however, de
stroyed by several species of lady
beetles, the larvse of lace-winged flies,
and a small green and brown maggot,
which may be found among them in
great numbers. 0f the life-history
of the species very little is known.
The most . effective remedy is to
spray the infested trees with kerosene
emulsion, which is made by mixing
two parts of kerosene with one part
of milk and agitating the mixture
until it forms a butter-like substance,
which is further diluted with water
until the mixture contains about 5
per cent, of kerosene. Another
method is to dissolve half a pound of
soap in one gallon of hot water and
substitute the mixture for milk; or a
third formula is to substitute eggs for
milk, using the eggs at the rate of
eight to a gallon of kerosene, diluting
to the proper, strength, as in the first
formula. Powdered pyrethrum, if
puro and fresh, mixed one ounce to
VA x, OCVA LUC
form of sprav. is also effective. Eith i
nn o crfk I Inn nf tirttn n4 . I
spray, is also effective. Eith
of these mixtures will have a mo?
thorough effect if the infested twigs
are plunged into them and drenched.
This requires more time, but it is
more effective, and usually requires
but one application. F. B. Welsh.
Indiana Experiment Station, in la . ?
see Farmer. ,
THE, ACT ESTALISHING THE
NATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE.
The President has signed the follow
ing bill:
Sec. 1. That the Department of
Agriculture, established at the seat of
government of the United States, shall pig sty six inches deep in mud, with
be an executive department, . to be no bedding or shelter for bis pigs; his
known as the Department of Agri- roofs leaky and buildings out of re
culture, under the supervision and con- pair generally. You will see his
trol of a secretary agriculture, who
shall be appointed by the President,
by and with the advice of the Senate;
and section loo, oi tne ite vised btat-
utes, is hereby amended to include
such department, and the provisions
of Title 4, of the Kevised statutes, in-
eluding all amendments tnereto, are
hereby made applicable to said de-
partment.
Sec. 2. There snail be in said de-
partment an assistant secretary of
agriculture, to be appointed by the
president, Dy anu wxm iuc auvice ana
consent of the Senate, who shall per
form such duties as may be required
by law or prescribed by the secretary.
Sec. 3. That the secretary of agri-
culture shall receive the same salary
as is paid to the secretary of each of
the executive departments, and the
salary oi tne assistant secretary oi
agriculture shall be the same as that
now paid to the first assistant secre-
tary of the department of the interior.
Sec. 4. That all laws and parts of
laws relating to the department of
agriculture now in existence, as far as
the same are applicable, and not in con
flict with this act, and only so far, are
continued m lull lorce and enect.
fco, alter an agitation oi tne suojeci
for many years, the Department of
Agriculture has at last been elevated
to an executive department under the
supervision and control of a member
of the President s Cabinet, and Com
missioner uoiman nas already oeen
- a -I Tilt I
promoted by President Cleveland, and
his appointment confirmed by the
Senate, as the first Secretary of Agri-.
culture.
BIRDS AND BUGS.
In Farm and Fireside, January 15th,
1889, Mr. D. B. Wier writes about
birds and white grubs, and states that
m an observation of thirty years, he
has known of but one instance where
a truly injurious insect was being fed
upon by a bird. I don't think that
Mr. W. has ever lived where our
beautiful and sweet-noted medow-lark
makes its home. If he has, he cer
tainly has not observed the method
by which this bird makes its living. I
cannot say as to its feeding upon the
white grub, but I do know that in this
climate it makes its living almost en
tirely upon the much-dreaded and de
spised cut-worm during the part of
the year when said worm preys upon
the farmer, and that is almost the en
tire year here. J' have frequently no
ticed from fifteen to twenty of these
birds at one time walking over my
garden',' yard or field, and turning
over chips, bark and other debnes to
find cut-worms; and I have seen them
dig holes, with their bills, from two to
three mches deep, and pull out worms
close by cabbage, onions or other
plants. I have seen a single bird take
out as many as six of these worms in
less than ten minutes.
They are very useful birds to the
farmer, and I do not permit any one
to shoot or molest them on or about
my premises. My boys never throw
at or scare them. They are so tame
that we can walk close by them -and
they will not fly up. Often I have
seen flock of from thirty to fifty fly
from the woods into my garden and
grove, and welcome friends they are.
This bird is truly a friend and help to
tne farmer, and then to think that
many farmers kill them ! But I -think
this is done more through ignorance
than otherwise. The meadow-lark is
with us all the year, and busy from
early morn until sundown, occasion
ally taking a rest on some stump or
tree, and sounding her sweet note.
F. W. O., in Farm and Fireside.
POOR FARMERS.
Those who Have to Go to Town
, Find Something to Do.
to
"As there is nothing for me to da
at home, 1 will go down town and see
TrrVia la rmsl-rn " 4-V. J? !
rvu.a xo uiug uix, j Liie poor iar-
mer. XMo otlier ever uses such lan-
guage. It is a poor farmer, indeeed,
wno cannot always nnd something to
do at home. Such an one will never
find that farminsr Pavs. Hp nnd
rather sit on a dry goods box at the
store, or " bottom chairs " at some
hotel or saloon than remain at home
and look after his business. He is
naturally indolent, mentally and Dhvs
ically. Besides, he is mentally blind,
or ne would always be able to see
sometning to be . done at home no
matter what the weather may be, and
he would also see that loafing and sit-
ting around in the village could never
make a successful farmer. If there
is nothing to do at. the barn, in the
Aiorn nouse or in rnn sit aha
geuerauy miu sometning to do in the
hnnsA PrnTlTr n-
n n a , -i C I
- - v-cuai, or, uie
stuff .stored in it, demand his atten-
tion; and there is his wife, drudging
from daylight until bedtime, and per-
haps past the time, when she ought
to be m bed. He can always do some-
thing to help her out, and she will be
r """ ii i .
wa Ac uiau pwung a mt-r o
potatoes or rocking the cradle, , We
have no patience with the man who
can find nothing to do at home. He
is a failure, a miserable failure. He
brings suffering to all connected with
him, and everything alive around him
suffers from neglect. You may visit
him at his home and you will find his
horses (the noblest animals that man
has the blessed privilege of owning)
shivering with cold, as the cold, bleak
winds of winter whistle through the
large openings in the sides of their
stable, which perhaps are filled up
with rails are poles to keep them from
coming out.
You will see his fences broken
and shackled down until they are not
worthy of the name. The briars and
bushes have undisputed possession of
the fence rows for ten feet into the
neids. nis crops are nan cultivated;
his barns comparatively empty and
his fireside cheerless and desolate.
He will fail and ought to fail.
The intelligent and competent far
mer never goes to town unless he has
business there, and when his business
is done he goes home and finds some-
tning to do. Such a one will succeed,
and such a one will leave the world
in a better condition than he found it
-Bon Silence in Tennessee Farmer.
COMPOSTING COTTON SEED
k MEAL.
By B. W. Hawkins, Nona, Ga.
i have a great many inquiries as to
my formula for composting, and .for
using cotton seed meal. If you will
allow me space in your columns, I will
givs it to the public for all it is worth,
so that all who wish can try it on a
small scale. I give it as my, formula.
av take 30 bushels each of stable
manure and cotton seed in layers;
UaVa Ton rmr d nminia v.
nitj sprinkle on stable manure and
cotton seed, and so build up the heap
in this way four feet high; let stand
six weeks or more; apply from 30 to
60 bushels per acre, or more, accord
ing to the capacity of the soil.
My formula for mixing cotton seed
meal: Take 100 pounds cotton seed
meal, 50 pounds acid, 50 pounds kai
nit, mix together, applying from 200
to 300 pounds per acre. I have made
many experiments with compost and
guano in many different ways, which
I will give to the public some future
day, as soon as my experiments are
fully satisfactory to my mind.
The above named compost and
home-made fertilizer, I look upon as
being a good one and the most per
fect made, and one that I shall settle
down upon if I meet again with the
same success this year as I did last
year, 1888.
My experiments have been such
with guano and compost that I am
forced to believe that phosphoric aeid
and ammonia and potash must abound
in equal quantities in compost heap
and guano, not trusting to land too
much. It has its chemicals, and will
in due time tuan to food.
STARVED FRUIT TREES.
If any person were to chain an ani
mal to a stake in the field and leave
it to shift for itself until it gets thin
and decrepit from loss' of flesh and
strength the humane society would be
after him with properly deserved
punishment. Yet this is precisely
what thousands of farmers do with
their orchards, of course barring the
difference between the insensate tree
and the living animal. And yet even
for a tree there must be something
akin to pain in the process of slow star
vationthe seeking by exhausted
rootlets of food that cannot be found.
It takes an enormous amount of
various manures to lorm fruit and
seeds. Tennessee Farmer.
FATTENING FOWLS.
Fowls, like hogs, should be confined
to be fattenedr They should bo
placed where they will have plenty of
sunshine and fresh air and a perfectly
dry and wind-proof house in which to
retreat from inclement weather, and
to roost in at night.
They should be given all the soft.
J - T ' IT -f
xat - pxuuucuig ioou, sucn as scalded
meal, grits, etc., of a morning and
through the day occasionally that they
will eat, and corn at night.
If in good ordinary condition when
first rmt nr thav will talrA nn fat. fnr
i x - sr i j
about three weeks and remain healthy,
at the end of which time they are in
prime condition tor tne table and
should be killed, as they are likely to
become listless and inactive, if not
diseased, if kept longer confined and
fed so highly. Ex,
A majority of people, in examining
the eyes of, a horse turn them to the
lierht. Very little can be told bv such
a view unless the eve is verv defective.
First look at' the eve in a stable not.
mmr hhi an,. u
of doors, and if the pupil of the eye is
i -f J - -.
r O
uiucu contracted n indicates good
eye-sight. If the pupil is nearly the
same size-in dim and bright light the
eye is poor and the horse is likely to
go blind. The- windows in a stable
should be in the rear, never in front,
They should be so arranged as to
inrow ngnt on tne eye obliquely.
Nebraska farmer.
Ml Book for Suhrdisate Secretaries : of
!: Alliances. ; ;
A great convenience. Printed va.se headings
Will hold 192 names. : Each month and quarter
separate. A column to enter date of payment of
aues. ine attendance can be Kept neauy. ixy
one. Price 15 cts. Address, -
J. W. KEID, Sec'y S. C. State Alliance,
Reidyille, S. C.
Wanted! J
By a young lady, a situation as Teacher.
The best of testimonials given.
Address, Capt B. F. White,
ja!51m Mebane Alamance Co.
Yancey & Stronach,
Manufacturers and Dealers In
Bodies, Carriages, Road Carts,
Farm and Spring Wagons,
Nos. 319, 321 and 323 Wilmington St., No. 130 Mor
gan street.
At the solicitation of a great many friends in the
country and city, we have opened oar shops for the
manufacture and repairing of all kinds of
We have employed the beet skilled labor that the
country affords, which will be under the control
and supervision of our Mr. T. B. Yancey, whose
long connection with the late N. S. Harp, the
pioneer carriage and buggy builder of this city, is a
guarantee that all work intrusted to Mr. Yancey
will have prompt attention and be executed in a
workman-like manner.
Write for prices and estimates.
Send us your reDairiue and we will do it well and
reasonably.
YANCEY & STRONACH,
Work shops No. 130 Morgan Street
The Only Seal
IN THE
atrorLize Home IrLa."ULstr37-I
EC. MAHLER, Jeweler,
POSITIVELY
The Durham Fertilizer Company are offering their HIGH GRADE AMMONIATED
riiiXtiiijiZiiiixvb (guaranteed ammomated with Peruvian Guano, Blood
Meat and Sulphate of Ammonia) at
ASTONISHINGLY CLOSE PRICES
for this Class of Goods.
Remember, we guarantee every inerredient in our Goods to be PLANT FOOn nf
itself. That Durham Bull Fertilizers contain ground Tobacco Stems, which is a good
Fertilizer within-itself, instead of plaster, marl, or other worthless stuff just put m to
fill up:
Farmers' Alliances and other Farmers' Clubs
should write direct to the Company or consult its Agents (who are authorized to
give sucn ouyers close prices; before buying.
This is a HOME COMPANY, asking PATRONAGE on its MERIT.
Buy the BULL FERTILIZERS, and vou are not Davinp- bie nrinpa fnr nntr
and sand. '
If you want a GOOD PAYING CROP this year, use
DUEHAM BULL FEETILIZER.
For Sale at all Principal Railroad Stations.
Your Friends, ' V. - ' ' .
FERTILIZER CO.
CROWDER & RAND, General Agents for
R . S
THE
COTTON, TOBACCO ANJ)GEAMEEETIMZEE,
MANUFACTURED AT.
RAL.EIG
BY
RALEIGH OIL MILL and
A Special Hannre for Southern Soil and Crops. (
... . - -y -
Having been thoroughly tested the past four years on Cotton. Corn, Tobacco, Oats. Wheat Clover the
Grasses, and all Vegetables with the most satisfactory results. It is ua'w uau w neat wover, me
- HOME MADE, HONESTLY MADE,
and will be made this season by same Formula as heretofore. Believing as we do, that the
RALEIGH STANDARD GUANO
is the best Commercial Fertilizer made, or sold in North Carolina, and to induce the people to test it
thoroughly, we offer the following Premiums for the year 1889 viz
re largest yield of -Seed Cotton made upon one acre of land where Raleigh Standard Guano is
" FIFTY DOLLARS IN GOLD.
For the largest yield of Cornjnade upon one acre of land where Raleigh Standard Guano is used,
FIFTY DOLLARS IN GOLD.
For the beet ten (10) pounds Yellow Leaf Tobacco made where Raleigh Standard Guano is used,
; FIFTY DOLLARS IN GOLD.
- Persons competing for the above premiums will be required to enter for the same at the State Fair in
October next, under the rules and regulations adopted by the State Fair authorities, and must exhibit at
j5" ouujus ui tuLiciii out ox me crop competing
vuiu icuuuuis ixiubi . ejLxuDii one Dusnei In 1
the ear;
must exniDii xen pounds or leaf tobarrn
The award for Tobacco will be mad dnrlnr the
The awards for the Corn and Cotton iil s made
. ...
ered, under the rules and regulations published in the
on m
1 Ttnt
Forms of Certificates, &c, will be furnished on
For its uniform aualitv and lvav antiafartorv
Person, Caswell. Alamance Orange, Chatham, GranYiller Franklin, Vance, Johnston, Wake and many
other counties where it has been used.
W-
V "
KaleigV.N. C, February 17, 1889.
FARMERS, TAKE NOTICE !
DO YOU WANT A
PIANO OR ORGAN ?
SEND YOUR ORDERS TO
Hume, Minor & Co.
Richmond, Va.
THEY WILL
SAVE YOU LT0IEY.
They give Special Discounts to
Memoers of Farmers' Alliance.
HUME. MINOR & CO.. sell th ht. TQ
and Organs, and sell cheaper than any other house.
3" HUME, MINOR & CO. will sell you sheet
music for 10 cents per copy. The same you have
been paying from 35 to 60 cents for.
Catalogue Free.
Mention The .Progressive Parmkb when you
write or order.
Manufactory
STATES.
INTERESTING.
" 4" r " "
Raleigh, N. C.
fe!23m
. Gr .
GREAT
- H, N". O.
THE
FERTILIZER COMPT.
ior ine toiwn x reminms. rnoee compeung ior me
and those competing for the Tobacco Premiums
Fair by the Committee on Tobacco.
. - . . ... .
bv the Executive Commltt after the cron in cath-
Premium List governing exhibits of Field Crops.
application to this Company.
results, we would reeDeetfnllv refer in the furmers of
UPCHUROH,
President Ealelgh OU Mill and Fertilizer Companj.
:, -
f
1 4
v
I: