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1 9,;1,9. L, L. POLK, . - - - Editor D. H. BROWDER, Business Makaqkr. Raleigh, N. C. SUBSCRIPTION:- Single Su oecn ber, One Year -:... " Six Months.. Tire Subscribers, One Year Ten- " One Year ... One cody one year free, to the S 1.25 75 5.00 10.00 one sending Club fTen. . , Car.h Invariably in Advance. 'Money at our risk, if sent by registered letter or nonoy order. , Advertising Kates quoted on application. 2 Correspondent : .Write ail coinmanicatioiiH, designed for publica tion, on one erne or ine paper oniy. We want intelligent correspondents in every county in the State. We want facte of value, re- rafts accomplished of value, experiences of value. ilalnlyand briefly told. One solid, demonstrated fact, is worth a thousand theories. Address all communications to Thx Progressive Farmer, Raleigh, N. C BALEIGH, N. C., APRIL 9, 1889. I This paper entered a$ second-class matter at the Post vgicem KamgriiJs. i.j The Progressive Farmer is the Official Orcraa of the N. C. Farmers' Association and N. C. State Farmers' Alliance, and the Virginia State Farm ers Alliance. Do you want your. paper changed to another office? State the one at which you have been getting it. Do you want your communication pub lished? If so, give us your real name and your postofficet ; Our friends in writing to any of ouf 'advertisers, will favor us by mention ing the fact that they saw the advertise ment in The Progressive Farmer. The .date on your label tells you when your time is out. WORKING ON THE GREAT PROBLEM. The Race War in Ohio. THE New York Times of the 31st ult. shows a bad state of affairs in several of the counties of Ohio, grow ing,out of the law abolishing separate schools for the colored people. 1 'School rows" have been frequent and the court dockets are crowded with cases growing out of them. In one place a man was shot, several wounded and a house demolished, in an effort to forcibly eject the colored children. In New Richmond, a town of 3,000 in habitants, there are about 700 white and 200 colored school children. All the blacks consented for their children to remain in separate school rooms ex cept one,. who was determined to force his children into the white rooms. It resulted in his suing the superintend ent and thirteen prominent citizens for $5,000 damages, and the court gave him one cent and costs. Where upon, the colored people created such a row that the board declared the schools closed until September, though three months of the present term re mains, and all the teachers will sue for their salaries for the remainder of the term. The dispatch to the Tim es indicates intense feeling and great ex citement. Here is an out-break founded in open resistance to a plain statute, and in open defiance of a professed senti ment which for long years has been proclaimed from the press, the ros trum, the pulpit, and from the house tops of all the Northern States, and that outbreak is located in the State of Ohio, and is the legitimate out growth of race prejudice, pure and simple. We do not transfer the picture to these columns for the purpose of taunting our Northern brethren with an inconsistency, which from any stand-point of their position on the social and political status of the negro, cannot be explained or justified, nor to discuss the significant silence of the Northern press on this ordinarily fruitful theme of Northern editors and orators. The Progressive Farmer would aUayvrather than irritate sectional feel ing. It would fraternize and strengthen, rather, than allienate and weaken the bonds which should draw us together in great national brotherhood, and it re fers to this unfortunate occurrence simply to reiterate and emphasize its j conviction that this great question the race problem has simply been stated on' the blackboard of destiny. No advance has been made towards its solution, and we stand to-day con fronted with the most stupendous question that ever engaged the minds and hearts of a people in all history. To the people of the South, it is a qnestion of great moment, involving our civilization and our destiny. Two peoples, with distinctive race charac teristics, living in the most intimate industrial contact and upon terms of absolute civil equality, the situation to us, means more than to those of the North, who view it from a purely theoretical standpoint. Especially is the Southern farmer forced to brood over it hourly and constantly. He "breathes and moves and lives in a stifling atmosphere of uncertainty, and so it will be, so long as the two races shall maintain, their present anoma mous relations to -each other. To him, there, can never be any marked im provement or permanent prosperity in the agriculture of th South, so long as we must depend on free-negro ten antry for the cultivation of our fields. The complex and complicated condi- i?ons arising irom. ihis forced and unnatural experiment, by and through -J "V which, a pseudo-philarilhropy" would wipe' out the God-ordained differences between the races, cannot and will not be appreciated until they are presented in practical shape as in the case with the-neonle of Ohio. The North has 7T i-A mn?h to. learn and we of the South much to unlearn about the negro. . "M. Quad,'' the astute, observant and able representive of the Detroit Free Press, recently made a tour of our State for the purpose of looking spe cially into our industrial condition and nroeress. and sneaking of this L O J M. ' subject says: " When we of the North refer to the South the negro always comes into the question. His status and his future are regarded by us .as a , great prob Iem. We are much worried over it at times. It is a matter which should be and can be left with the South to take care of. The Southern negro is a theory with us. He is ,a solid sub stance to the Southerner. He knows more about him in a day than we do in a year. He has got more excuses for his failings than any Northern man dare urge, ne treats mm more Kinaiy than we do the same race at the North." WILMINGTON A NEW DEPART URE. ' THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER hails with pleasure any movement in any portion of our State looking tp the advancement and . betterment 6f our peopled It is,,, peculiarly gratified to note, wnai it regaras as me .wisest and most advanced step on the part of . -i TtrM j. . ! afi me city or Wilmington, in mis direc tion, that 'has' ocourred in "our State.' This city obtained the enactment of a law at the recent sitting of our Legis lature to allow it to pay to any manu facturing enterprise established within its limits, a bonus equal to the amount of city taxes levied on such enterprise, and the Act was submitted to a vote of its people and was ratified almost unanimously. Wilmington realizes that street rail- ways, electric ngnts, water worKs, opera houses and paved streets, impor tant as these are, do not and cannot make active, thrifty and prosperous towns and cities. With its already splendid shipping facilities, by land and water, and which, in the near future, are to be enlarged by the addition of two new railroads, with its delightful climate and charming resorts at Wrightsville and Carolina Beach; with its intelli gent and public-spirited people, ;t needs only the quickening pulsations of active, industrial enterpris, ewhich this new departure will surely bring, to make it one of the foremost .and most attractive and most flourishing cities on the South Atlantic coast. It richly deserves it all and more. None have made more noble and un selfish sacrifices for the advancement and development of our State, than the patriotic and large hearted people of Wilmington and of the lower Cape I1 ear, and their every effort to win success will be attended by the best wishes of all our good people. IS IT NOT A MISTAKE ? BE TRUE? CAN IT THOUSANDS of our readers will share with us a feeling of incredu lity if not surprise, when they read, on this page, the communication signed " Double X." Is it true that we have had such a law on our books for seven teen years ? Is it true that it has been ignored,disregarded and violated? Is it true that the Legislatures during that time, not receiving these reports, have failed to call for them ? Is it true that our Governors have not called for them ? Is it true that no suits have been brought to enforce the law ? Is it true that in all the discus sions of commission bills, during the last and previous legislatures, such a law has entirely escaped notice? Is not " Double X." mistaken ? If such a law was enacted in 1871-72, as he says, nas it not been repealed ? If his assertions be true, then The Pro gressive. Farmer, on behalf of the tax-payers of the State, would most respectfully but earnestly request, our worthy Attorney -General to explain this important matter. We respect fully call his attention to that com munication and call upon him as the law officer of the State to show, either mat Double X." is mistaken as to the facts, or why the law has not been enforced. THE BAGGING TRUST. THE New York Times of the 27th ult. says: "The Jute Bagging Trust people are evidently intending to run things with a high hand this year. Last year they controlled the product pretty "well, but they had neglected to secure all the jute butts in the market and the result was that prices did not go higher than about 12 cents a yard. The peo ple of North Carolina were more bit terly opposed last year to the trust than those of any other State. Sev eral million old bags were sent to North Carolina from New York city alone, one dealer having shipped as many as 500,000 old sugar, grain and potato bags anything that had weight to it the producers being willing to pay almost as much for old as for new bagging rather than buy of the trust at its prices." mat is JNortn Carolina style. Our people are slow to:-move, but the his - torv of their whole past shows that no people are more ready' ot willing to conceive to do oppression, ana none will fight it with more -determined stubbornness. , . The Bagging Trust is going to try us again.. iv nas control ot all me jute butts in Calcutta and in this coun try and all that are afloat. It has practically the control of the. twenty- five bagging mills of this country. So, the only means of tnwartmg it is, to begin wow. Just how it should' be done it is not for this paper, nor any of the Alliance people to say, publicly. We may say, however, that steps are being, taken bv which we think the feouth can and will be supplied. A most interesting letter, from Bro. Clay ton, of New Orleans, appears m this oaDer on this subject. It showiJ that our people are doing some earnest thinking. Our brethren may rest as sured that the officers-of -the Alliance are not idle. Correspondence is going onlhat we think will surely deliver us from the grasp of this trust. Mean time, The Progressive Farmer, as it did last season, admonishes every member who produces a .bale of cot ton to be firm and unyielding. Make no noise about it, indulge in no com- plainings, 'keep cool and keep your own counsels and make up your mind not to use a single yard of trust bagging and stand by it. Remember that you can do without bagging as long as the world cajn do- without your cotton. ... A THREATENED INVASION. OOMEBODY over in the Demo Ocratic camp has been threatening to read the Statesville Landmark out of the partv and Bro. Caldwell, as is his custom, uses some plain, proper, timely and manly language in regard to it. And this spirit -of- arrogance and domineering, it seems, is not. to be confined to the political camp Certain political papers and politicians are donning their trappings and they propose to come over into the Alliance camp, and with their little boss-whip, drive certain men out of the Alliance and to take charge, generally, of the Auiauue iuaumuo auu. iuu j.u tu ouiu their own sweet little wills. They tnreaten aire , demolition ana wrroie- Sale annihilation to tho "leaders" ( wnoever tney may oe) oi me finance. We would respectfully suggest that they bring along several days rations, for they are going into a big job. The i t ii i ii n l Alliance thinks it has come to stav. It thinks it knows its duty to the gov ernment. It will do a little more of its own thinking hereafter. It will heartily acquiesce in all measureor the advancement of the generaweal," but it. will not. "hp. dnminn.t.ed anrl driven by self -constituted political bosses. We find the following in all of the Charlotte papers, of last week: Whereas, The Alliance has been assailed by the Charlotte Chronicle, and its officers accused of using it to further their political interests, and, Whereas, We believe it is said to try to bring about dissatisfaction in our ranks. Therefore be it Resolved, 1st. That we stand firm by our leaders. Resolved,, 2nd. That we denounce the charge as a base slander and false hood. J. S. Davidson, Pres't. J. M. Hanna, Sec'y Beach Cliff No. 216." " EDITORIAL NOTES. One of the leading business men of Wilson says that the Alliance is doing more to bring that county into a good, healthy shape than any thing and everything that has occur red since the war. He says that he is not making so much money, but that he is glad of it when he sees that it is due to -the' system of economy "which r has been inaugurated by that order. And so it will be all over the South when our principles and purposes are; well understood by our. people. Statisticians have figured out the- corn crop in the United States in 1880 at 2,000,000,000 bushels, raised on 75,507,276 acres, valued at $700,- 00 o, o 00. The Iowa State Register ex plains for the benefit of its readers, that this enormous quantity of corn would load 3,000,000 cars with 662 bushels each, requiring 60,000 locomotives to draw' it, and at the speed a train is allowed to make through Chicago, it wouia lase one year for these cars to pass through the city; that the train would reach more than around the globe. - One of the most hopeful and encouraging signs of the times is the space and thought devoted to the dis cussion of great economic questions in qur leading political journals. No tably among these is our able and clear-sighted contemporary, the Wil mington Star, whose columns abound with sound views and eminently prac tical and conservative suggestions to our farmers on very- many questions of direct concern to them. It says, of the article in the April number of Belford'8 Magazine, to which we refer red last week, 'iDecline of the Farmer, " and which we begin to publish to-day: "It is pregnant with facts and a strong blow at monopoly.' Quoting some of the author's statements, the Star says: "How sadly, sadly true ! The Star has taken occasion to warn its readers against being deceived by 1 the roseate pictures of Southern pros- 1 pentv based upon manufacturing: de J yelopment. While there is a gratifying this line, it is a sad and deplorable fact that the farmer is not prospering and is not the power in the government that he should be. Senator A. L. Moore, of Rock ingham county, asks us to say that he voted against the Railroad Commis sion bill regulating freights and tariffs, as he felt that it gave too much power to the Commission, but that he voted for the Cooke bill. He says he voted for the bill prohibiting the giving away of convict labor and every other measure which he thought of interest to the people of the State. -The Pro gressive Parmer most cheerfully gives Mr. Moore the benefit of his statement, as it would not designedly misrepre sent any one. It wants the people to know the record of their representa tives. New York and Boston are eat ing cabbage imported from Denmark. One shipment of 2,000 crates sold in New York in March at $5 to $6 per hundred head. In this connection the American Cultivator says: " The best ' cabbage is now coming from Portland, Me., but the supply is not equal to the demand, and prices are likely to reach even higher figures. Generally speaking, most of the bunch goods .received from the South do not find favor in .this market. The pro- jduce is invariably poorly packed, and xioes not reacn tniscity in marKetatae order. All the lettuce used in Boston is locally raised, none being shipp&i from Southern markets!" - j Col. R. E. Park, of Macon, Ga., a prominent farmer and a leading citi zen of that State, favored us with a call during the past week. We asked him-" what do the people of Georgia think of your Railroad Commission ? " " They like it," he replied. "What do your railroads think of it ? " "They like it in factr it gives general satis faction to the people and the roads. Our railroads are in a healthy and prosperous conditior. "isut, said we, " it was argued with great earnest ness during the discussion of a Com- missmn hi Rimi ar tn vnnrs in nur Legislature, that such a bill would deter capital from investment in railroad sand wnnlH nut. a stnn tn their nnnatrnctirm . tr and would ruin existing ones." The Colonel smiled and said: "Well, our experience has been just the reverse oi all that. We are now constructing a railroad from my city to Palatka, Fla. One hundred and fifty miles is completed and its stock is to-day worth $2.26, and will, it is thought, go to double that price." Whither are we drifting as a P?.Ple Hear what the New York Times has to say on the Legislature of that great State, which is now in ses- . -wm .mm . a . .1 sion: "J?rom mis time iortn tne utmost vigilance will have to be exer cised over all legislation, for the ses sion has reached the point where corruption will influence the passage of bills that more directly affect the interests of the people. This will.be a great week for this Legislature. The Kauroad Committees of the benate and the House will go through the farce of reporting Mayor Grant's Rapid Transit bill Monday night, and will then ask that the bill be recommitted to the respective committees in order to let Jay Gould and railway wreck ers like him propose such amend ments, and make such modifications as will Please him and the interests he represents Legislation has reached that. point where the interests of the State must be rendered subservient to those of corporations. The people have no rights that corporations, leg. islatively speaking, are bound to ac cept. ALLIANCE NOTES. 4 Members of the Allianee, when writing J greatly favor us if they will always, g No; of their Alliance. We have jriven the si to as, ve the cth and seventh pages of oar paper to the exclusive use of the Alliance. Use them, brethren. For all official orders, rulings, notices, &c, the brethren will ex amine these pages. '''St John Alliance, No. 1,281, fort mally declared against high-priced guano at its last meeting. -A brother writes that a majority of Powell Alliance, Wake county, have reduced their cotton crop at least one-third from that of last year. Business Agent, John Rodrick, of Mt. Pleasant Alliance, No. 1,227, Mor ganton, N. C, says he has 1,200 bushels of corn to sell to Alliance men. Any in need, of corn are re quested to communicate with said Business Agent. --S. A. Hauser, Deputy Organizer of Forsyth county, reports three Alli ances organized in one day, and says: " I have made arrangements to travel this summer and preach the Alliance gospel to lost sinners, who have not heard the good news." The following cotributions to the relief of Bro. William Andrews, have been received: State Line Alliance, No. 1,134, $1.40; Center Point, No. 813, 50c. ; Silver Spring, No. 493, 50c. ; Mt. Plesant, No. 19, 75c; Hood Swamp, No. 650, $1.00. Bro. Hopkins, of Monroeton says: Our Alliance met last Saturday, March 23d, and transacted some im portant business. Secretary Jones made up a club for The Progressive Farmer and you will find your hum- ble servant among the number. -.I am in' hopes it will be in the hands of one hundred thousand farmers before 1890. One or two Words about the farm, then I will stop. The wheat1 crop is looking as fine as I ever saw it. Less guano will be used this year than for many, and more compost. i - At a called meeting of the Columbus County Alliancft, the breth ren pledged themselves for the future to make more compost and domestic manure and use less commercial fer tilizer; to plant more grain and other table comforts and less cotton, and strive to obtain better prices for their labor and the products of their soil. E. Hampton, organizer of Yad- kin county, reports the organization of Harmon. Alliance on the - 23d of March, at Harvel School House, with J. W. Pass, Secretary; The organizer says: " We now have eight Sub-Alli ances and a County Alliance. . The county will now be organized at an early date. The farmers of Yadkin are beginning to realize the necessity of organizing for protection. May our grand and noble order grow and nourish until its influence shall be felt in every nook and corner through- out the Old North State." i Shiloh Alliance, No. 807, on the 16th of March, adopted the following Resolved, That we .will pay no atten tion or give any ( support or counten ance to any of those: :- ' sharks " who advertise, in many of , the papers we pick up, that they will give such liberal terms to agents, or? if you will send them 25 or 50 cent$ or one dollar they wul send vou five or ten times the worth of your money.' 2d, - That , we ' recommend that every Alliance 4n the State adopt the same or a simi- lar resolution. ; 3d, That m the fut- v, o mux.u raising ; of grasses , clovers oats and an root, crops sunaoie lor stock. , A brother writing from Alliance, No. 1.433. Boomer, Wilkes county, says: " Our Alliance is in a prosperous condition. We organized with eight and we now have twenty-seven. We have the best material in the neigh borhood in the Alliance and more good men are coming. We were looked upon with suspicion at first;,' but are now beginning to be consid- ered an honorable body engaged in an honorable cause. We have passed several resolutions which are bringing us value received. The Alliance has a grand work to perform and farmers and professionals are beginning to ' V- feel and realize the importance and magnitude of its bearing. Spring Hill Alliance, No. 566, Tyilson county, met March 19th in call session, and after reading a com munication from W. A. Graham, Trustee of State Alliance Agent l(4UOUJl TviiTin ann after a. frpp ann fnll nio- I - cussion of the same, and our present depressed condition as farmers, and the necessity of giving our Agent a commercial standing, th.3 following resolutions were adopted: Resolved, That we, the members of Spring Hill Alliance do order the Secretary to draw on the Treasurer . of said Alli ance at an early day for the sum of ten dollars and apply the same to the said fund, and 2d, that we ask the aid and co-operation of all Alliances throughout the state. On March ; 5th, the Rockingham County Alliance, in regular meeting, adopted the following preamble and resolutions: " Whereas, we the mem bers of the Farmers' Alliance, of Rock ingham county, feel that we have been unmercifully imposed upon by fertili zer companies and their agents in the way of unjust and exhorbitant com missions; and, whereas, we deem it impossible for us to realize the merited reward of our labors under such op pression, therefore, be it resolved, that we will not buy; any 'fertilizer' from agents this year if there is any possi ble way to avoid it;' and be it farther resolved, to further this end; that each Sub-Allianc6 be- instructed to "make out its amount of fertilizer and report to the Secretary of this Alliance; and further resolved, Lthat we will select a man of our order to buy our fertilizers for us from first hands, and that we will buy no fertilizers at an advanced price: The Secretary of Alliance No. 577, writing under date of March 16th, says: " Our regular meeting to-day voted unanimously to use no more Premium Guano now and forever: This was the sentiment of Bluff Alliance without a dissenting voice, and if one of the members so far forgets himself as to use it, as soon as this Alliance learns the fact he will be dealt with. On the 18th of Marcn, 1888, this Alli ance was organized with 12 charter members; there are now 64 on the roll; three have been granted dimits and one a withdrawal card. We are surrounded by lodges, but are at work and Iiave recently initiated five mem bers. We have paid $85.75 to the State Business Agency Fund and are at work to raise more. I was elected Corresponding Secretary soon after we organized, but seeing so much good matter in The Progressive Farmer, I preferred reading it to my lodge than making' ana;ttempt at writing articles for publication; Alliance men every where ought ? to be a unit in all busi ness transactions, and subscribe to The Proqressjve Farmer and read it. Much success to you, the paper and the order." !WHY HAS NOT THE LAW BEEto , - ENFORCEb. Criminal Neglect of Duty Somewhere Mb. Editor: By an act of the Gen. eral Assembly, passed at the session of 187K72, it is made the duty 0f every railroad corporation to make an annual report to the Governor of tho - operations of the year ending on the ifutn oi oeptemDer, to oe niea m the office of the Secretary of State by the 15 th of November, of each year which report shall state: The amount of capital as by char, ter; the amount of stock subscribed the total amount of capital stock paid in; the total amount of funded debt- the amount of floating debt; the aver! ago ittuc pei auuuui ui interest On funded debt; and in detail the cost of road; and equipment; characteristics of road; doings of the year in trans portation and , total number of miles run; expenses of maintaining and op. erating the road; receipts during the year from freight, passengers and other " sources;- dividends on stock amount and rate per cent. ; the num. ber of persons injured in life and limb; he cause of the injury, etc., and many piuer tilings ioo numerous to mention. It is the duty of the proper State officers to arrange the information contained in such reports in a tabular form and compare the same, together witn saia reports, in a single docu- ment for printing for the use of the General Assembly on yie first day of its session. Though this law has stood unre pealed on our statute books for seven teen years, I venture to say that some of our railroads have never paid anv regard to it, and that: all of them have f or the mogt part ignored it. Why nave tnoy done so Why do they so continually aild persistently violate this law ? Are they afraid to turn on the light and let the people see what they are doing? If this law was . faithfully complied with, would these reports show such facts as would be damaging to the railroads ? The law further provides that any railroad corporation which shall neg- I lect to make this report shall be liable to a penalty of five hundred dollars to be sued for in the name of the State of North Carolina in the Superior pourt of Wake county. Why have not these suits been brought? Is it ' -. W not clearly the duty of the Attorney General to institute and prosecute these , suits ? Suppose there are, say, ten of these railroads that have each for ten years failed to make these reports required by the law; the State - might recover in penalties fifty thousand doUaTs,-4f- the officer whose duty it is to institute I J x 4.1 TJ 1-. au.u uii wuum vmy i orrann rr nio nntw The Governor who is now in the executive chair has not been in office long enough to become thoroughly in formed as to all his duties, and is not to be blamed for failing to call to the attention of the Legislature the almost entire failure of the railroads to make the reports require-l by law, and the complete failure of the proper officer to sue for the penalties prescribed; but somebody has been exceedingly remiss in the plain and simple per- formance of their dutv. I have much more that oughr. to be said on this subject, but will stop for the present for fear of making this article too long. Doublk X. Diversify our whole system of farm ing and our sons will take to farming, and give up town pursuits. No one could blame them for choosing the towns to the cotton fields. , Make farming interesting, and they will come back to the farms. Mai. John IT. ' Dent in Southern Cultivator for April. THE FARMER AND POLITICS. We are glad to believe the Farmers' Alliance has disappointed a good many people! First, it has lived longer than many people expected; second, it has n6tj strayed into politics as' many peo ple5 said it would. The most persistent efforts were made last summer to bring this order into disrepute, when Capt. Alexander, its State President, was a candidate for the nomination for xoyernor. Had CoL Dockery been elected Governor, not a few would have been ready to say that it was the work of the Alliance. Capt. Alex anders relations with the Alliance and politics have no doubt been honest, but there are some place hunters in the State that have depended upon the Alliance to help them and have cer tainly been disappointed. The Alli ance has purposely disappointed the professional and the unprofessional politician of which every patriot ought to be glad. A politician and place hunter need not loin the order and appeal to the farmers, "I am a mem ber of the Farmers' Alliance," with the assurance that he will be rewarded for that. Those on the outside need not ridicule at the order " as a school of ward politics." It has lived wiser and better than its enemies predicted, and has prevented its pretended friends from taking advantage of its influence in most cases. The Alliance is teaching the dema gogue on the outside, and on the inside valuable lessons by its disinterested course, towards either. Sanford Express. I-
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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April 9, 1889, edition 1
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