...... - - , -,. -' ' t ' -
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 19, -193s
PAGE TWO
THE DAILY TAR HEEL
: 1 i m
atlp Car
The official newspaper of the Carolina Publications
Union of the University of North Carolina at, Chapel
Hill, where it is printed daily except Mondays, and the
Thanksgiving, Christmas and Spring Holidays. En
tered as second class matter at the post office at Chapel
Hill, N. C, under act of March 3, 1879. Subscription
price, $3.08 for the college year..
.Editor
.Managing Editor
J. Mac Smith
Charles W. Gilmore.
William McLean
Jesse Lewis.-..- -.
-eBusiness Manager
-Circulation Manager
Editorial Staff
Editorial Writers: Stuart Rabb, Lytt Gardner,
Allen Merrill, Voit Gilmore, Bob duFour.
News Editors: Will G. Arey, Jr., Gordon Burns, Mor-
. ris Rosenberg.
Deskmen: R. Herbert Roffer, Tom Stanback; Tim
Elliot, Jesse Reese.
Senior Reporter: Bob Perkins. . - .
Freshman Reporters: Charles Barrett, Adrian Spies,
David Z. Stick. James McAden. Miss Lucy Jane
Hunter, Carroll McGaughey, Winston Broadfoot,
Miss? Gladys Tripp..
Rewrite: Donald' Bishop.
Exchange Editor: Ben Dixon. ,
Sports Editor: R. R. Howe, Jr. : !
Sports Night Editors: Jerry Stoff,; Frank Holeman,
Laffitte Howard. . 1 .
Sports Reporters: Ed Karlin, Harvey Kaplan, Shelley
Rolf e, Fletcher W. Ferguson, Larry M. Ferling,
W. L. Beerman. . ; ,
Staff Photographers: Herbert Bachracb, Frank
Bowne.
Busines Staff "V
Advertising Managers: Bobby Davis, Clen Humphrey.
Durham Representative: Dick; Eastman. . .
liOCAL Advertising Assistants Stuart Ficklin, Bert
Halperin, Bill Ogburn, Morton Bohrer, Ned Ham
ilton, Bill Clark, Billy Gillian. ,
Office: Gilly Nicholson, Aubrey McPhail, George Har
ris, Louis Barba,1 Bob Lerner, Ed Kaufman, Perrin
Quarles, Jim Schleifer, Henry Smernoff.
Fo This Issue .
News: Morris Rosenberg. Sports: Frank Holeman
baintained but also all the athletic
subsidies. The gate becomes even more
commercial. The ; football gate is
under the triple pressure to carry all
the football load, most of the other
major and minor sports, and the ath
letic subsidies. Subsidies add to the
mounting commercialism and weaken
even more the educational position of
the college as it becomes more in
volved at the gate.
Budget ' v"
If the inside college , subsidies are
not to be carried out of gate receipts,
then they have to be carried out of
the general college budget at the ex
pense of the salaries of the facultyt
th equipment of departments, and the
basic educational program of the col-
ege. The open use of general endow
ments state appropriations, or gen-
Graham's Speech
(Continued from first page)
special discriminations. Regulations develop' not as dis
criminations but as controls to meet situations. All stu
dent activities have some regulations. Regulations" in
crease with' need and develop to meet practices and
abuses: The more"intense: the competition and the wider
its appeal, 'the"' higher the need of codes of fair competi
tion. If sixty thousand people and more .should come dis
tances to attend a Harvard-Yale orchestral contest, it
would riot be fair for Harvard to induce "the most' accom
plished members of the: Boston Symphony orchestra to
be her representatives against Yale. Rules regarding resi
dence, transfers scholastic standing and subsidies would
be proposed and adopted to meet actual situations as they
developed to the end that the inter-collegiate musical con
test would be not a contest in subsidies but a contest in
fair representation and educational development.' No col
lege sport, on the basis of its strong appeal inside the
college and its wide appeal outside the college, needs more
educational control than inter-collegiate football. The
, vast crowds overrunning the stadia, the vaster numbers
listening in Saturday afternoons, and the still vaster
numbers reading the vivid sports pages every Sunday
morning from September to December in homes across
a continent, suggest the public appeal and power of inter
collegiate football. Protests
Commercialism and subsidies, code violations arid hypoc
risies, over-emphasis and educational , devaluation, ex
ploitation of youth and other attendant evils, have stirred
a small but increasing number of student leaders to
speak out in protest. However differently these students
are taking their stands it is wholesome that they are
unafraid of taboos and are intent upon the open discus
sion of hidden things. It is to be hoped that they will
continue the discussion. They stand variously but they
stand for honesty above amateurism; sportsmanship above
victory; sports without gate receipts; and equality of stu
dents on the basis of their total merits as adjudged by
faculty committees in the award of scholarships, loans,
jobs, and other material aids as the basis of representa
tion honest, amateur, democratic and in line with the
primary: purposes' of the colleges as educational institu
tions. Of these several different stands the first two are
apparently the simplest and the easiest and the last the
most difficult arid will require the longest and most baf
fling struggle:' Public Interest V
' This ' new" student v sensitiveness may- be increasingly
aroused by the mounting and enveloping public interest
mary purpose of the college as edu
cational centers. As now adminis
tered, they are awarded mainly on
the basis of scholarship, need, char
acter, and general worth', including
in some cases it may be, athletic abil
ity as a secondary consideration. The
change of the basis of award through
the system of athletic or other subsi
dies not based primarily on scholar
ship character, and need would result
in a campus unwholesomely divided
into the subsidized and the unsubsi-
dized and create campus problems
undreamed of in pur philosophy. Un
subsidized, voluntaryism in athletic,
religious, and civic enterprises, gen
erous campus services, . the giving of
youth to a cause, all develop a robust
ness of individual struggle and team
play, and a voluntary enlistment in
eral student fees for special athletic public causes release the idealism of
subsidies, has riot answered the still
basic question of integrity, in this
case the integrity of the college itself.
If the legislature, or a private bene
factor, or the student body would
authorize,-respectively, the use of ap
propriations, endowments, or fees as
special subsidies to athletes,, then this
particular question of integrity would
be answered, but provision for subsi
dies out of such sources or out of gate
receipts would lay the foundation for
new evils." The open inside college
subsidies may become the basis for
more outside under-cover alumni sub
sidies. The men who violated the old
agreements can violate the new. The
necessity of new ; regulations brings
on the possibility of a new train of
old abuses, evasions and hypocrisies.
Outside under-cover money added to
the top of inside open' money has ' not
simplified, much less solved, the many
problems. Whether the subsidies come
from'the gate, general funds, or spe
cial funds, the position of the college
is undermined because the college it
self through participation and ap
proval has become a partner in sub
sidizing athletes. The college can with
less convincing sincerity say to the
alumni, "we will subsidize but you
must not."
Alumni
On account of such considerations,
the proposal, is made that while the
college itself should not provide spe
cial subsidies, yet the college should
sanction the raising of athletic subsi
dies outside by the alumni. The main
questions involving openness ' and se
crecy, honesty and hypocrisy, can be
guaranteed not to arise only if these
alumni subsidies are to be entirely
unregulated. This open, clear purpose
speaks its own commendation. We all
hold that honesty is far more impor
tant than amateurism. However, the
expedience of many institutions shows
that the years will bring developments
in unwholesome attempted control of
the college and will develop educa
tional implications which will impair
the honest values of the original clear
purpose. With all our regulations
about residence, migration, scholar
ships, and student aid inside the col
lege, if we have no regulations or at
tempts at regulation by the college
with regard to the purposes and
amounts of money provided outside
the college as subsidies to; athletes,
then money with college sanction be
comes too pivotal a basis for partici
pation in inter-collegiate athletics.
,' Contributions
a faculty committee at the front door
to students as they stood on their
merits so to speak in an open single
line without any more backdoor pref
erential awards to athletes by special
interests. A full time able secretary
of student aid digests the materials
in regard to each applicant for the
respective faculty . committees. Care
ful, records of applications and
awards are kept, are published when
it is desirable, and" are always' open
for inspection. This open, fair, and
thorough administration by the sev
eral faculty committees on jobs, loans,
scholarships, and other material aids
to students inside the college have
won . the support of many faculties,
student bodies, arid more thoughtful
alumni both as a sound athletic and
a sound educational policy. Opposition
to the principle of no special aids to
athletes in a good number of institu
tions is withdrawing to the outside
and consolidating its forces against
any determined effort to apply the
same principles to the more baffling
problem of athletic subsidies provided
outside, the college. . .. -Opposition
'
Many of the interests formerly op
posed to the adoption of staunch and
explicit regulations of inside special
aids to athletes now most strongly
oppose provisions for the control of
outside, aid fto athletes. , The ultra
athletic, many sports pages, the most
vocal alumni, the special interests,
and athletic pressure groups, combine
against regulation of outside aid to
athletes. To the stock argument in
favor of a fewf simple but vague prin
ciples of fairness to all. students re
ceiving aid. as against additional ex
plicit regulations with regard to ath
letes receiving preferential aid was
and is added the more powerful cry
against hypocrisy.; The , campaign
against the control of inside . aids ,to
students on account of athletic ability
was and to some extent still is based
on the charge 01 -discrimination
By Allen Merrill
youth "i and the highest aspirations of
the human spirit. Despite all our
frustrations and failures, these things
are worth the continuous struggle
against their violations and the evils
which follow in their train.
Carnegie Survey
The struggle of the universities
with the longest intef-collegiate ath
letic experience and the highest edu
cational standing; the observation of
many faculty athletic coriimitteemen
in many parts of the .country who,
without favor to athletes or fear of
atMetic partisans, have done their
thankless work year in and year out ;
the revelation of the Carnegie survey;
and the history of seventy-five years
of inter-collegiate football not only
make a common educational case
against subsidies to athletes as ath
letes but also indicate the basic prin-;
ciple and practical procedures of reg
ulation against such special subsidies
inside and outside the college. The
purpose of the basic principle, isf to
provide fair consideration rof all .wor
thy students in .the award of finan
cial and other material aids. In view
of the strong- inter-colleeriate athletic
rivalries, 1 this basic purpose j specif i-j against, athletes.' The; , movement
One outstanding professor in the University
ranks our alma mater about 34th or 35th among
the nation's institutions of s higher learning.
Yet we stand well in the American Educational
Association's list of the country's 25 finest
schools. y
"
Reason one why we are not nearer the top, says
the professor, isthe student body.
Reason two: the faculty.
His advice to students who are patriotically
anxious for a bigger and better University is to
1
study harder
cally seeks to provide against, favorit
ism to athletes as the center of , a
zealous partisanship arid a vast public
interest.
Complexity ,
; The point is made that a t simple
statement of a simple purpose should
suffice and that no code of explicit
regulations should complicate a clear
principle. The complexity, of life,
deriiocracy, industry, inter-collegiate
sports and all 'other human relations
does not lend itself to such simple
solutions. This position in its practi-1
cal working out may become the sanc
tion of the very things which violate
the simple principle. In the early nine
teenth century in England and later
in Europe and still later in America
as industry made its progress across
the seas and continents, it was argued
that the state should not complicate
or interfere with the simple freedom
and benevolent purposes of industry
by regulations establishing a code of
fairer and more humane competition.
But experience proved that the more
general and less explicit the regula
tions the more ruthless and destruc
tive the competition. Although the
letter of . the law killeth the- spirit
when reliance is placed on the letter
rather than the spirit yet it is also
true that the sincerity and .effective-:
ness of . regulations are often . tested
. With no attempts at control many by both their comprehensiveness and
aluriiriiwho would otherwise respond expAicitness. As civilization has a.d
to thej stand "of the college "against variced and social codes have devel
subsidies become subject to the pres- oped to meet , complex situations, ex
sure to contribute to athletic subsidy plicit regulations have , been found
funds as sanctioned by ' the ' college, necessary to give effect to simple
oiuaents run xne oanger ox repre-1 pnncipies aim gciici ai v ivici. .
Equality'
The general principle that all finan-
against attempts to control outside
aids has . emphasized rather the . im
practicability and even impossibility
of controlling so , elusive a matter.
The charge that it is hypocritical to
attempt the, impossible became an ef
fective battle cry. .
. Hypocrisy
It is presumable that those who en
gaged in under-cover violations not
only provided a basis for sincere cries
of hypocrisy but also perhaps them
selves added to the hue and cry as
the most effective counter assault on
any real efforts at regulation. The
argument is that it is basically more
honorable to sanction what is educa
tionally unsound than to attempt to
control what it is practically impos
sible to control. The eighteenth amend
ment, as the overtime illustration,
rather teaches us that any real re
gulation must be accompanied by con
tinuous education. The forces of
counter education are wide and power
ful in which participate agencies sup
posedly educational. The logic of the
cry of hypocrisy, if surrendered to
rather than barkened to for more en
lightened and determined effortwould
strike ( down all human struggles for
social controls of difficult and com
plicated situations . and relations in
behalf of a fairer and more decent
society. t , . . -
Responsibility
The campus vogue, he points out, is to make-
..... . 1 . .
the maximum in grades with the minimum of
work. A stigma is placed on the classroom, and
academic pursuits become extra-curricular to
other phases of college life".
s If studying harder will, solve the problem of
the student body, reason two, the faculty, still
stands in our way. .
. The, educational system, it has been suggested,,
glorifies the "researcher.". Because of the time
and concentration required, a professor's research
activities may be at the expense of his classroom
activities.
If teachers should be salesmen as well as
scholars, a researcher may or may not be a
teacher.
The student body should study harder; maybe
the faculty should relax and not' study quite so
much.
students
with its educatioal implicatioris 'or may be due to a clearer
awareness of 'the deep damages- of the' old practices of senting4 outside ' athletic ' interests
misguided partisans who hiddenly violate5 the code of fair 1 rather than the college. The athlete
comnetition. An answer to th"8" first danger is to keep and the college may become subject cial and material aids , to
the public out. This is hardly 'the answer of a democracy, to irresponsible money, pressure from! should be equally open to all students
ti Mnswpr Till I np swnnn i5iTiDnT'-is t ri pivr 1 1 ri x.nf st.njvvir. - fc 11 iff. 1 11 1. n ltr muiiev i fin Liieii iiiciiw - -
Eurfender' to the schiselers.v arid' allow those 'who" violate I pressure : thus will come ' to' hold a Ibrit has been found to need more spe
This -cannot long be the answer of higher 'education. :, , I mining , arid encroaching on inside principle! does .not .follow through
Subsidy " f control. The college will thus be. not without regulations for actual situa-
Meantime1,'' however, the 1 -treaty "breakers with their Ihid- J in as strong a moral position to with-1 tions. ,The experience of .several in-1
POINT OF VIEW
By Ramsay Potts
Reflections On A Convict
On October 23, 1937, Paul Cook was released
from Alabama's Kilby Prison. He re-entered an
old world, a world of anti-lynching bills and steel
strikes, a world of Roosevelt and Hitler, a world
oi bnanghai massacres and Tom Dewey crime-cleanups.
den arid devious ways of 'of ovidine subsidies to" athletes! stand pressure for. favoritism to ath-1 stitutions in some part .)
with attendant lying arid hypocrisies, are causing a large letes inside the college. The educa- them ajl. Jobs, for example, were
number of students, faculties and several athletic confer- tional responsibility of the college is vaguely supposed to beopen to all,
ences to favor college sanction of special subsidies" to to' refuse to ' yield :to 0001" inside and but athletes often got ;adisproporr
athletes. J . : : ' outside pressure? " , tionate i share. In some cases. the jobs
Pro ; . - r : t Auction Block,. ; , ; - . , nommally open were .actually under
The sanction of the athletic subsidy is strongly favored :) Without attempts at regulation the the control ; , of : special interests.
tor such appealing '-reasons ."as, the 1 following: sanction by college ,is ... in. danger, of sanctioning Awards were "made 0U.ir3"
the college will bririfr''nndercover raetaces 'injbo'ihe open- .auction btocif,''upon 'which boys in tice to or provision 'for applications
and'putari end io'lyirig arid 'hypocrisy; the amateur prin-; high' school sell:, themselvefe, tt the by, all qualified students. As long as
cible'is'a hanerover; of old-w6rld' 'standards 'and. in its highest bidder. As a reality to a fa- the simple, principle was left, to en-
aristocratic implications, ! is' out of place in democratic yored group and as an example to force itself the -special, interests made
America; it affords the only : way for many worthy. boys all youth in their most plastic years, no protest. .The simple principle be
to get a 'college education; and, 1 summarily, the boys who money primarily for athletic ability came a living force only through defi
do' the work should eet at least Tart of their share of bulks too larcre and becomes too deci- nite local regulations that no scholar-
the crate freieii)ts which their exploits make possible. sive.in the life of the boy and the ship, job, loan, or other material aid
Two Policies I coUeee. Collesre executives and edi-i within the control of the college
For nrovidine special subsidies to athletes with colleeel tors in some areas "are already ob-1 should be awarded to any student un-
al 111111110 notice had been
of institutions. According to one policy, special subsidies I what have been unpaid youthful sac- given to all students and fair, consid
nre'tirovided 'bv the colleere itself and . accordincr to thelrifices and iovous volunteer services I eration had been given to all appli-
.other, by alumni and friends outside; Both policies com-J on college campuses will subtly! cants by a faculty committee who
mend themselves by their clear purposes of openness, spread to include the unsung heroes, then were to make their awards on
honesty and competitive fairness through the elimination the scrubs, who now take the blows the basis of the total merits of the
of the advantages of the chiseler. The solution of one without either honor or subsidies, stu- applicants as to scholarship, charac-
, of the most perplexing educational problems is not as dents in minor sports, and many ter, need, and general worth, and
simple and clear as this purpose. Other considerations other students in wholesomely volun- never primarily on account of athletic
and developments which will involve this purpose must tary student activities. . ability. Special interests immediately
be taken into account. ;. Scholarships - mobilized in protest Refusal to dis-
s Special Subsidies - The subsidies primarily for ath- criminate in favor of athletes was
The special subsidies provided by the college raise new letics and activities will in effect en- held to discriminate against athletes,
problems of their own. If the subsidies come out of gate croach upon the resources available All jobs within the control of the col
reeeints. then the e-ate. is under the obligation to carrv not or to be available for scholarships, leee. including stadium jobs and "con-
only the whole major and minor athletic program as now These scholarships promote the pri- cessions," were thereafter awarded by
But it beckoned invitingly and mysteriously to
him; Fourteen years ago he heard sentence fall.
The acknowledged difficulties of the Guilty! He was. "of VrnnH lar ,! Knvo-lrvr
struggle for the elimination of under- . f " V
cover violations arid the sindere re- - u. - i ociety WOUld correct and guide
luctance of colleges to be thet objects anotner errmg son.
ux suspiciun ana gossip ao not. relieve
we. colleges, oi. ine responsibmty of ; Hi Ufa -u.. . , , a
heinc Trimriiv.- ir,CHf,;: 7 '".pu 6avc mm ume xo oDserve auu
tions. Part' of that educational re- feilectI time to think of what he shnnfd have been
sponsibiljty is to educate . .athletic and what he w6ul(i like to do. His hope for a
sportswriters, special interests, .. and eEn Start never Ceased to spur his thoughts.
What answer do we give to Paul Cook today?
"No work now. Come back later."
c ' - -
Sorry, we can't help you. You know how it i3.'r
We must think of our customers; your record,.
it
'ti
the public toward , cooperative educa
tional control of both inside arid out
side aid toathletes. Much misinfor
mation and misrepresentation , need to
be cleared away. It needs to. be , un
derstood that athletes , with college
sautuuu, can wia,awaras 01 am in
side the college in open and fair'con
siaeration ; of therii - along with' all
other students,, and hat athletes, with y0li know.
wAAc6c aaucuon, can receive ouxsiae
aid as worthy students but not pri
marily, as. athletes. .When it is 'real
ized that checks, arid controls are ne
cessary not , only in the interest of
fair competition," wholesome " volun
taryism in sports, and larger educa
tional values, but also to prevent inter
It impossible to promise anything." x
Come back next week." ' '
Arid so his hope turns to despair, and he eyes
rollecriat.a afhlof ino nr!!!. 4-V a: I eV
.0- ...-.vmw, . wm wic aaucuuu I ; r,f Tm suspicion and hatred we givc
of the colleges, from drifting under him the answer of preiudice arid Qn.'it off with
the. influences of irresponsible funds the mevir T' Sh5Ug L
- w c . r n w mm - - - bk rar it nr.
- "AAtii 1111 you UO Willi yi"
for athletic subsidies and gambling IlikVKaf"
t""! vaav, ijuum. win unuersiana ana
support the colleges in their Rfrno-o-les
j..' 1.1 '. i . I rTr ,' 1 1
ior euucauonai controls. iiiawer,tnat miPfifinr. Myorz. 15
"I UAAU AJ.AC111 V UW"-"!
tne purpose of Va t if a-
The colleges which are resnlnt , tn winfc , .wming IteilglOU-xxA-
keen the collets , . -"tcau oi siressmcr the narrow orxn
volved in subsidization .by participa- Li-
tion inside or sanction outside Mn ipiliSlze mans relation n tl,0 nWoms nf liv-
J-- TTTl J)IUU1W"U -
keep up the straggle. Individual in- What can vou rln ol, v.4.t, ius-
ZZrrLA?- truth' and goodness? We never
- viivvi 111 til M I I 1 1 VI I II 1 r . 1 X.
competition in subsidies. In so far as Dr TT cL Ur best to find 0Ut
the conference for a time falls short, qJ , 00t?F hai, Dean Wicks of Princeton,
tne institution should have it n-c i r"115' -nign, and tho rfV i hp ron-
""n kK t0 offer from iheir personal ex-
re
sV