North Carolina Newspapers

Oi liiiiio -4jTi. 0-31-49 CHOO CHOO Charlie Justice will quit the pro ranks if he -gets a job working under Snavely. See pae 3. WEATHER Fair and slightly warmer. y VOLUME LIX Associated Press CHAPEL HILL, N. C. SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, 1951 United Press NUMBER C7 (9 1 II - V 'III 11 fcI ii I - r -4 !i V, P le i PA i all ha; dr; wl of, res i scr Mc pla fres assi Foi the are; At ber ; i aca for j I defe in t f rese j def " cadt I H i I I pens woiii Si det.;. i defer ! f r ri tc as Co.. vers , Fl anking ngsrs Seoul Enda In Commies Shift Offensive From West, Increasing Pressure On Wonju Area TOKYO, Saturday, January 6 Red armies thrust southward through frigid mountain passes of east-central Korea Friday in a sudden shift of power that increased a flanking threat to United Nations forces pulling back from fallen Seoul. General MacArthur's headquarters said 200,000 Chinese and North Korean troops were, swarmmg toward the vital de fense link and road-rail center of Wonju. Wonju is 55 miles east and slightly south of Seoul. The Red offensive pressure j eased in the west." That drive j had carried into the desolated! South Korean Capital of Seoul! for the second time in a little over six months. Associated Press Correspondent Tom Lambert reported that Com munist patrols of about company size clashed Friday night with Allied units south of Seoul. Lambert said this indicated that the Chinese Reds were not following the tactics used by the North Korean invaders who cap tured the city last June. The North Korean Reds halted in Seoul to absorb the city and regroup their forces. The Chinese Reds apparently planned to drive through the capital without a pro longed halt. Chinese Reds swarmed quickly through Seoul and into its south western industrial suburb of Yongdunpo- They were not yet reported in Inchon, which the Allies abandoned Thursday night and Friday morning. There was no mention in dis patches of the Eightth Army's lo cation. New censorship regulations for bade mention of the Allied de fense line and identification of Allied units by nationality or number. Lt. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, commander of the Eighth Army, said after a trip to the front south of Seoul: "Everything is going fine up there." He meant that Seoul and In chon had been evacuated with little loss of life and that his re treating division had so far suc ceeded in not being overrun or cut off. His thoughts ranged beyond the immediate battle line. He spoke of the pitiful plight of the South Korean people, invaded by Red hordes for the second time since last June. Railroadmen Turn Down Peace Pact CLEVELAND, Jan. 5 fP) Railroad firemen and trainmen today rejected a proposed three year peace pact between Ameri can railroads and four railway operating unions. They said the engineers, who already have objected to the pact's terms, and the conductors, who make their decision Sunday, would join them in seeking a bet ter settlement through negotia tions in Washington. Classes Today It's Saturday classes today for students in the University. The weekend classes are ne cessitated by the Tuesday "holiday" students got this week along with their Christ mas vacation. - Instructors will call the rolls and school will proceed as us ual on Tuesday. Students are reminded that labs and other such classes normally held on Tuesday are scheduled for today. thrust A lilies etreaf Casualties Hit 40,176, 6,761 Dead 'WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 (P Total announced American casu alties in the Korean war mount ed today to 40,176, approximately equal to the population of Zan esville, Ohio or Taunton, Mass. The roll of dead was 6,761. The totals include -casualties where the next of kin had been notified through last Friday. The list rose 1,851 in one week. The dead included 6,031 kill ed in action, 716 who died of wounds, and 14 persons original- iy missing but now known to be dead. There were 27,997 wounded and 6,148 listed as missing. Of those reported missing since the beginning of the war, 720 since have returned to U.S. mili tary - control, -1 07 are known to be prisoners of war, and 14 have died, leaving 5,307 on the cur rently missing list. The announced casualties for the Army werp 33,184, Marine Corps, 6,212; Navy, 458, and Air r orce, 332. Steinbeck's 'Lifeboat,' To Be Shown "Lifeboat", written by John Steinbeck and produced by Al fred Hitchcock, comes to Memori al Hall RIonday night at 7 o'clock under the joint sponsorship of the Hillel Foundation and the YMCA. The picture was first produced during the war and was acclaim ed by many as one of the out standing war pictures. It stars Tallaluh Bankhead, William Ben dix, and John Hodiak. After the showing of the movie, the Y and Hillel groups will head a discussion of problems present ed in the movie. All students are invited to at tend the showing. Admission is A 1- 1 R ; acute, w iikj 10 v-uuLci ncu cacuianj "Lifeboat" is the third of a se- i over rising food prices, was re ries of six movies presented by ported , about ready to require the joint groups for the benefit of students. Preview Points To A Film About Campus Life Will Be Finished Soon By Walt Dear A peek at some of the scenes taken from the new picture on campus life, "In the Name of Freedom," produced by the Com munications Center, shows that University life and activity can be filmed with much success. With actual shooting to be com pleted next week, the new film! then will be ready for cutting and t (other processing by the Motion j i Picture division of the Communi cations Center. Meanwhile, John Satterfield, graduatestudent in music and an assistant in the Music department is composing the background 51 Legislature Dims Chances Of Liquor Issue Wets Gain Power In Key Committee Viewing New Bill RALEIGH, Jan. 5 (JP) Chances of the 1951 legislature approving a statewide liquor re ferendum grew dimmer today with the announcement by Lt. Gov. H. P. Taylor of his commit tee assignments. Wet counties were given strong representation on the propositions and grievances committee which ' apparently will handle liquor le gislation for the Senate. A re ferendum bill introduced yester day was sent to this committee. Taylor appointed two legisla tive veterans to head the all-important money committees. Sen ator John D. Larkins of Jones of named chairman of the appro priations committee and Senator J. Hampton Price of Rockingham was made chairman of the finance group. In brief sessions, both houses adopted resolutions inviting Gov ernor Scott to address a joint session Monday night. At that time the governor will deliver his eagerly -awaited budget speech, giving the legislators in detail his ideas on state spending and on the subject of increased taxes. At about the same time the legislature will reecive the pro posed budget drafted by the ad visory budget commission along with its proposed appropriations and revenue bills, . Governor Scott gave the law makers a brief glimpse of his budget ideas in his biennial mes sage yesterday. He told them that state agencies would need more money during the next two fiscal years, arid he said he hoped this could be raised through in creased collections from present taxes and through the elimina tion of some present tax exemp tions and inequities. After receiving these budget re commendations and after House Speaker W. Frank Taylor has ap pointed the house committees, the money committees can go to work on the budget, a task that re quires many weeks. New Controls May Freeze Living Costs WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 OP) Government officials today whipped up a proposed stop-gap order designed to freeze most liv ing costs at least 30 days while they rush preparations for gen eral price and wage controls. Price Director Michael V. Di- ' - r- 1 1 li-Vl y t f -n-in trtr r-ri n e r 1 1 1 ' manufacturers, processors, whole (See CONTROLS, page 4), Hit music for the production, i Thursday night the department j under the direction of Edward E. I Freed, professor of Motion Pic ture Production and head of the Motion Picture division will take scenes of the Student Legisla ture. It also will complete shoot ing of the Honor Council at work. Commenting on the present cri sis in international affairs, Freed said that there was a possibility that universities would be used as film N production centers. He also said that there would be j a great need for film producers, even more urgent than the need ,in the last war. .... ,. Vital Draft-Ch anges More Than Would Lower Induction Age To 18, Extend Active Duty As Long As 27 Or 30 Months WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 VP) New draft legislation that would lower the induction age to 18, extend the period of service to 27 or possibly 30 months, and tighten down on de ferments and exemptions was the current aim of the Department of Defense. ' Felix 'Larkin, the Department's General Counsel, gave that ; -1 broad preview of the bill that NoWordYet On Position For Graham WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 () Dr. James B. Conant, Board Chairman of the National Science Foundation, submitted to President Truman today the Board's choices for the $15,-000-a-year post of Foundation Director. He declined to say whether Dr. Frank P. Graham was on the list. . Mr. Truman reportedly fav ors Graham, a former Demo cratic Senator from North Carolina, for the job. How ever, opposition to Graham is said to have developed among Board members when they ,met Wednesday to make their recommendations. Leaving President Truman's office today, Dr. Conant only would say that he submitted "several names" agreeable to the Board. Under the law setting !up the Foundation, the President had to await the Boards rec ommendations although he does not necessarily have to accept them. It was learned yesterday that the Board is not, in favor of recommending Dr. Graham on the grounds that he is not a scientist. Student Party Meets Monday At 9 O'clock The Student Party will hold a meeting Monday at 9 p.m. in Graham Memorial. Officers for the new quarter will be elected at that time. All members are asked to attend. No Broken Heads, No Tears Robert Shaw Chorale Passed By Toscanini By Charlie Brewer t work. There was none too much For a chance to perform with 'time for rehearsals. Every, min Arturo Toscanini, most musicians j ute had to count, and the singers would do almost anything short ; of committing murder. Robert Shaw, who will conduct his Chorale in 'Memorial Hall Tuesday, is one of the select hand ful of musicians who have col laborated with the fabulous maestro, at Toscanini's own re quest. It was in 1945, and Shaw was just out of the Navy, when he received a phone eall from the National Broadcasting Company. Maestro Toscanini was plan ning to do the Beethoven Ninth Symphony. He'd heard the Col legiate Chorale, and liked it. Would they' like to sing the chor al passages? You can be sure that Shaw - j and his Collegiate Chorale tiumned at the chance. Thev well 1 knew Toscanini's uncoraDromis ing musical standards, his super human quest for musical perfec tion. It was an exciting oppor tunity. Shaw gave the Chorale one his pep talks and they set R umor officially described today as! will go to Congress for consider ation within the next two weeks. The measure is being drawn to supplant the Selective Service Act of 1948, which expires June 30, and while it probably will not, be labeled Universal Military Training, its long range goal ap proximates that. The immediate aim is to pro vide the manpower necessary to reach that target of 3,500,000 men in arms set by .President Truman last month. Larkin said about 11,000.000 men 18 through 25 years of age have been registered under the present law, which does not per mit induction of a youth until he reaches mis 19th birthday. But he said that the actual number in line for induction from this total is estimated at about 750, 000. ' Manpower analysts say that a still undetermined number of men. bet ween 19 and 26 are not now . avaiiaDie -lor; service -ana will not be, unless the law is changed, because of the present liberal, provisions for deferment (See DRAFT, page 4) Italy Offers Ike Troops ROME, Jan. 5 (TO Italy will place three divisions of her regu lar Army troops at the disposal of General Eisenhower for the start of his Western Front Army, the Council of Ministers decided today. In his report on the status of Italian defense, Minister Randolfo Pacciardi told the Council the three divisions Italy will contri bute represent the same force that France is making available to Eisenhower's command. Italy has ten divisions and two more in the process of being brought to full strength with American arms aid. worked hard. As the rehearsals progressed there were moments of uneasi ness. Would Toscanini like their performance? Praise from Toscanini was the j highest reward for a musician, a! sort of musical Legion of Honor i decoration. But the Maestro was j finicky. He had been known to j cry at a bad performance. At j other times he had broken a ba- ton over1 a violinist's head, or! rushed out hatless and coatless into a snowstorm because the I musicians had let him down. Would history repeat itself? Shaw and his singers kept re hearsing and tried not to imagine such a calamitous possibility. The maestro arrived, unexpec- i ted and unannounced. In the - 1 midst of a rehearsal Shaw not- iced his singers, pop-eyed, were missing cues. He turned around. There, beaming, sat Toscanini in the empty rehearsal hall. Shaw instantly stopped the re (See SHAW, page 4) of; tc New Draft Law Is Considered By Senators Opposing Plan Asks College Deferments Based On Aptitude College training for 18 or 19-yearrolds after they have been put into military uni form is, a very definite possi bility, according to informed sources in Washington, The Daily Tar Heel learned yes terday. The informant said the pre paredness subcommittee of the Senate Armed Services Commit tee may well write this into the new draft law it is now consider ing. The members are considering several compromises of the two extreme points of view on how to handle the college training problem. . Harvard President James B. Conant's plan for two years ser vice, without any deferments, for all 18-year-olds is one extreme: i the Hershey-Trytten plan for de rr. .. , , , ' ferment each year of up to 100,000 high school seniors showing the greatest aptitude for college train ing, is the other. The subcommittee headed by Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson (D-Tex) probably will write into the new draft law a provision calling for putting all men who would other wise be eligible to go to college into uniform and then either fur loughirrg them or sending them in uniform to the college cam puses. Coupled with this idea arc sug gestions that a civilian board, rather than the Defense Depart ment, decide what these soldier students will study at college. I Provision for such a board would either be written into the law or else the committee report on the new law would indicate that this was the intent of Congress. Such a plan would get around objections to both the Conant and the. Hershey-Trytten plans. Dr. Conant's plan, its detractors say, would cut off the continuous flow from the colleges of much-need-scientists, technicians, and engi neers. The Hershey-Trytten plan, its detractors say, would be political ly impossible because the parents of boys who did not qualify for college deferment would object too strenuously. More and more college educa tors are getting behind the com promise plan. And there are in dications that this compromise is finding favor within the National Security Resources Board which formerly was partial to the Hershey-Trytten Plan. Too Many Men Now 'Restrict Volunteers Army Recruiters Plea CHARLOTTE, Jan. 5 (JP) The Army and Air Force Recruit- ing Station issued orders to its sub-stations' in 40 western coun- ties yesterday restricting the number of volunteers to be sent here for processing. Major Paul Johnson, officer in cnarge ot tne itecruitmg fetation, j said the order was issued in order I to smooth out the flow of re cruits into the local office. Johnson said there was already ; a backlog of 400 men to be pro cessed and that 120 was the maxi mum the office was able to han dle daily. Tomorrow's quota from the sub-stations has been set at 40 i fit ii oucKea i Declares Sen. 1 off Challenges Truman's Asserted Power To Put U. S. Troops In European Force WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 Senator Taft (R-Ohio) de clared today the United States was "sucked" into the Korean war and challenged President Truman's asserted power to put American troops into a European defense force without approval first from Congress. In a major foreign policy speech, Taft told the Senate he ; believes that sending large num Check Asked On Pearson By McCarthy WASHINGTON, Jan. 5 (IP) Senator McCarthy (R-Wis) de manded today a Federal inves tigation to determine whether there is a "leak"' of Pentagon secrets to Columnist-Commentator JJrew Pearson. He told the Senate that a column .last week purported to quote "verbatim top secret mes- ,, coae. If they were truly verbatim messages, McCarthy said, they would aid other nations in breaking U. S. codes and "some man in the decoding room is guilty of high treason." Pearson immediately got out a statement saying, "Before using the Tokyo Cables now complained of, I consulted the Pentagon which assured me there would be no security risk provided the dates of the cables were changed and a few words omitted. This was done." Illicit Trade To Chinese Being Halted WASHINGTON. Jan. 5 The State Department said to day the United States, with the cooperation of friendly govern ments, is clamping down hard on the illicit trade in arms which might aid the Chinese Reds and other Communists. Press Officer Michael J. McDer mott expressed belief the trade has dwindled to a small scale and said, "we are on top of the situa tion." Other officials said control ! measures have been tightened ef fectively since the start of the Korean fighting. The State Department, since 1945, has been directing efforts to curb gun running, particularly in the Far East. Much of the con traband has been traced to Amer (See RED, page 4) ;men, Johnson said, and future! ' quotas will depend on the num- I ber of enlistments. j j Meanwhile in Raleigh, volun- ; j teers have poured in so fast this j j week that the Army-Air Force (Recruiting Officer there almost j hollered surrender yesterday. This office, which serves a : large area of Eastern North Car-" olina, gave orders tOj sub-stations , not to send any more men until it can process those already on hand. The Raleigh station reported j that it had broken a previous! record of 54 by prrcessmg a total j cf 105 eniiste? ledndav. mo vv bers of U. S. soldiers to Europe would "make war more likeh." He said the Russians would be spurred to the attack if that r their intention. Instead of sending troop.; i : Europe, Taft said, the Unit-Ml States should build up powerful air and sea defenses. He c in tended that did not mean aban doning the rest of the world. As to Korea, the Republican leader said President Truman "had no authority whatever to commit American troops to Kor a witnout consulting congress am! without congressional apnrovai." "The President simply usurped authority," he continued, "in vio lation of the laws and the con stitution, when, he sent troop. ! Korea to carry out the resolution of the United Nations in an un declared war." And at another point, clared: "Without authority, h" us in the Korean war. Taft cl mvf .i authority, he apparently is ii' adopting a similar policy m rope." Taft, the Republican poh'--leader, took the Senate floor va' a 10,000-word prepared spe r;; Galleries were well filled at-; there were some i0 .senators oe the floor. The Senate attend n,' attested to their interest. Ofn aLI but a hanulul ot senator-, v. h leave when one of their col tea,-.' i is going to make a lone, prep in address. At one point, a man m t; gallery applauded so vi;:nrou i that Capt. Mike Down, a C-pd.. policeman, escorted him man told reporters he Ward G. Dunnebacke, a out. 1 ! J. 1 nat i ve Lansing, Mich. Along with slashing at Trum, foreign and military pohey. "I'a urged that the United St..: "adopt aggressive method, o! pr papanda." "We should be able to win t; battle against Communism m t' minds of men," he paid. Kirn Red Gets H Sung, Leader, Huffy i LONDON, Jan. :- II Sung, North Kore m j nist leader, called on ;. : today to destroy the t land equipment" of tb' I invaders" of Korea and out the "American bar I I He issued a spci.d the day celebrating, to- tion" of "our capital, S (See CHINESE. P"i Staff Meeting The news and society cr if of The Daily Tar Heel will rr.-?' Monday afternoon at 3 o'cioc in the DTH offices, second flo Graham Memorial, aicr v.'it all persons who wish lo he-;-. -members of the staff. Regular staff members vd cannot attend the meeting rr:; notify Executive News TJir Chuck Hoasc: or Mjn,n;r': i; ; tor Rolfe Ncill proior to ri oo afternoon. All interested in w . with The Daily Tar He-1 r fill cut apFlicalions ai ! -between ti'jw ar.'l ii.e 11:.: I n:ce!:r.3. ' ' ' - --..4 ...