AGE TWO
THE DAILY TAR HEEL
TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1955
Real Gone Graduates
The University's sworn mission of taking
North Caioiinr's sons and turning them
back to the state as educated citizens has
been running into choppy water of late.
latest statistics slum that 22 jer cent of
Carolina's native sons tip their caps to Cha
pel Hill after graduation and go off to New
York of Philadelphia- to he citizens; and a
whomping 0.1 per cent of out-of-staters go
back where they came from alter their four
vears are up.
A letter to The State from Fred Springer
Miller (who married Daily Tar Heel editor
and native Tar Heel Glenn Harden and who
lives in Norwich, Vermont) outlines the
problem:
Unlike the traditional carpet-bagger, I feel
embarrassed -about this shameless pillage of
the Old North State. LUce many out-of-staters
who have enjoyed an education at Chapel Hill,
and like many native North Carolinians who
have left the state, I have a genuine feeling
of gratitude ...
The young people in whom the state has in
vested most heavily and upon whom it will
lean most heavily for leadership in years to
come these young people are gone. Why?
Is it that North Carolina cannot provide op
portunity for wealth and fame, or at least the
security and good living that these young peo
ple aspire to? Does North Carolina business
make no attempt to recruit its potentially most
valuable personnel?
Springer-Miller doesn't know the answer
to his questions and we don't either, But, as
he says, this University, one of the best, is
a losing proposition to the' state that main
tains it: and the answers, wherever they lie,
need to be dug up and acted upon.
Carolina Front
Chartres
On A Shoestring
A stack of travel folders has accumulated
on our desk to remind us to remind you:
it's coming on touring time. '
Travel, said Bacon or somebody, is a part
of education: it couldn't be truer today. In
June, thousands of college students will be
heading for Punaluu. Salonika and Xochim
ilco, for the education of it and for the hell
of it.
And unfurrow that brow; say not that it's
too expensive. If you're willing to work, you
can actually come back to school in Septem
ber with more money than you started with.
There are scholarships, loans, jobs and sa
vory opportunities for college students com
ing from hundreds of schools, foundations
and non-profit organizations.
The valve to this New Horizons outpour
ing was opened for us yesterday by an Amer
ican Youth Hostels pamphlet. For $100, in
cluding food, lodging, insurance and all
transportation, you can spend a month with
AYH bicycling around New England.
For, S 2 25 you can see Mexico by train and
bicycle.
For .$-, the price of ship fare alone bv
orthodox standards you can get to Europe
and back with two and One-half months of
England, Belgium. Germany, Austria, Switz
erland and France thrown in.
If you're the scholarly type, there's a table
in the South Building hall groaning with
European summer school opportunities.
If you're the adventurous type, you can
see the world with not much more than a
freighter ticket, extra undershirt and tooth
brush. Jet speed and bellicose national attitudes
need not be barriers. Lucerne or even Lake
Ixmise beats Iurinburg in July, we un
derstand. The line for passport photos forms
at the right.
Nothing?
A. late, unverified report as we went to
press had it that candidates for sprino elec
tions were liberally sprinkled through the
audience last night to hear Catherine Mar
shall speak on, "Nothing Can Defeat You "
'Hey, Mouza,
Where's My
Sandwich?
Louis ' Kraar
' HEY, MOUZA, ' where's that"
cheeseburger you were gonna
make for me,"
the student
6
Wat JBailp Car eel
asked, his head
bobbing back
and forth i n
front of the
long counter as
the late show
L,r'Vw-V4 crowd shoved
y w their way
IHlUUgU.
"Okay. It's in my pocket.
Where do you thing it is?" kid
ded the big, bald Russian who
runs the place. "I'll get it in just
a minute," he added..
The Saturday midnight show
had just belched out about a
half hundred hungry students,
and most of them crowded into
Mouza's place for coffee ancj
sandwiches. Nick, the thin fel
low who works behind the coun
ter with Mouza, took upon him
self the almost impossible task
of taking three orders at a time
and keeping them straight.
By 1:30 a.m. students in T
shirts, students in tuxedos, and
students in Bermuda shorts f ill
ed, every booth in the only res
taurant open at that hour. An
occasional girl drifted in with
a date to gaze enchantedly at
the spectacle of males talking
and eating. ,
I found a place at the counter
just about the time Frank War
ren showed up wifli a banjo. Bill
Mudd, equipped with a guitar,
decided that a duet would be" in
order, so he and Frank ran off
in a corner to tune up.
Soon the mountain strains of
"John Henry" mixed with the
sounds of clattering dishes and
student voices. Mudd and War
ren strummed the folk ballad,
and students standing around
joined in.
Nick left his post behind the
counter to lock the doors at 2
a.m., and I turned to leave.
"Be glad when they all clear
out," Nick said to me at the
door. "It'll take us till 5 to clean
up here. It's this way every Sat
urday." I turned up Franklin Street,
still hearing the dishes and con
versation from the Mouza and
feeling a little sorry for Nick.
SUNDAY AS I sat out on the
wide terrace of the State College
student union a new and mod
ern building I remembered
Gordon Forester's pleas before"
the Legislature's Complaints
Board.
And after a look around the
State union, it's obvious that "
Graham Memorial seems a slum
in comparison. When you enter
the plush Raleigh building, it
gives you the impression of a
better hotel.
Upstairs in the building you
find a "Quiet Room," a room for
students to catch naps in, stu
dent government offices, an aud
itorium, a hobby shop, a photo
lab, hotel-like rooms for visi
tors, and practically everything
else a campus could desire.
Downstairs in Oie basement, a
spacious snack bar features
along with good food an ab
stract mural that held my atten
tion for some time. You can take
your food and sit on theterrace
The official kudent publication of the Publi
cation Board of the University of North Carolinai,
w I daily except Sunday,
Monday and examina
tion and vacation per
iods and summer
terms. Entered
second class matter at
the post office in
Chapel Hill, N. C, un
der the Act of Yarch
8, 1879. Subscription
rates: mailed, $4 per
fear, $2.50 a semester;
delivered, $6 a year,
$3.50 a semester.
f of fftr mvrr vty
: Nirih Carolina
elaborate description
just goes to prove as Forester
so accurately pointed out that
a student union building to serve
2,000 and run 0f a midget bud
get is sorry stuff for a. growing
campus of 6,000 in a day. when
State and WC sport new student
unions.
TONIGHT THE University
Party will nominate a vice-presidential
candidate probably
Jack Stevens.
However, word has gotten a
round that Stevens won't have
the easy time Ed McCurry ditt
in getting his nomination.
' Editor -
Managing Editor
CHARLES KURALT
. FRED POWLEDGE
Associate Editor LOUIS KRAAR, ED YODER
IN A spring with s0 many con
flicting causes (the political cam
paigns), it's heartening to men
tion a common cause.
This week the Campus Chest
drive will be held here. About
70 per cent of the funds will go
to the World University Service
t program, 20 per cent to the ex
change program being set up
here to send students to Ger
many and 10 per cent to the lo-
Night editor for: this issue Eddie Crutchfield cal Community Chest.
Business Manager r.
Sports Editor
1 :
News Editor
Advertising Manager
Circulation Manager
TOM SHORES
... E ERIE WEISS
Jackie Goodman
Dick Sirkiu
Jim Kiley
Sovereign People Are The Villains
The Erosion Of
Democracy
Ed Yoder
We like to think, in our West
ern democratic society, that we
, have government "not of men,
; but laws."
Walter Lippmann, student and
critic, of the philosophical under
currents at work in the Western
democracies, challenges that idea
in his new book, The Public Phil
osophy. Mr. Lippmann's investigation
and its findings are not altogeth
er pleasant for the democracies;
and he believes, in fact, that the
traditional cornerblocks of our
society have shifted dangerously
close to government by popular
opinion rnot, as it should be, by
popular will and constitutional
order.
Mr. Lippmann began to write
The Public Philosophy in 1938, a
time of crisis in Western society,
in an attempt as he says to come
to personal terms with-the prob
lems confronting liberal demo
cratic government.
HISTORIC CATASTROPHE
Now, "the more I have brooded
upon the events which I have liv
ed through myself, the more as
tounding and significant does it
seem that the decline of the pow
er and influence and self-confidence
of the Western democracies
has been so steep and so sudden.
We have fallen far in a short
span of time. However long the
underlying erosion had been go
ing on, we were still a great and
powerful and flourishing commu
nity when the First World War
began. What we have seen is not
only decay but something which
can be called an historic catas
trophe." Hearing our situation and the
events of the past few years so
sadly pictured, we became anx
ious for Mr. Lippmann to state
his case. What catastrophe? What
erosion does he now find in the
Western democracies?
The sovereign people of the
democracies become the villains
of Mr. Lippmann's pice. The na
ture of the "historic catastrophe"
and the "erosion" is what he calls
"a functional derangement of the
relationship between the masses
of people and the government."
THEY ONLY CHOOSE
"The people," he writes, "have
. -r
WALTER LIPPMANN
not only decay, but an historic catastrophe'
acquired, power which they are
incapable of exercising, and the
governments they elect have lost
powers which they must recover
if they are to govern . . . For a
rough beginning let us say that
the people are able to give and
withhold their consent to being
governed their consent to what
the government asks of them,
proposes to them, and has done
in the conduct of their affairs.
They can elect the government.
They can remove it. They can ap
prove or disapprove its perfor
mance. But they cannot admin
ister the government. They can
not themselves perform. They
cannot normally initiate and pro
pose necessary legislation. A mass
cannot govern. The people as Jef
ferson said, are' not 'qualified to
exercise themselves the Execu
tive Department; but they are
qualified to name the person who
shall exercise it . . . They are not
qualified to legislate; with us
therefore they only choose the
legislators.' " ,
The foregoing passage shapes
a key, a most important one, to
the Lippmann thesis: It should be
clearly seen, though it has not
been, that Mr. Lippmann him
self does not wish harm or in
jury to the Western democracies;
he does not invite the philosoph
ers to throw the gates open to
totalitarian or authoritarian rev
olution; he does not wish, above
all, to disenfranchise the sover
eign people from whom all the
ultimate power in a democracy
arises. .
THE DAMOCLES SWORD
His sentiments run the other
way. In political commitment he
is a liberal democrat and doesn't
wish, he says, "to disenfranchise
my fellow citizens. My hope is
that both liberty and democracy
can be reserved before the one
destroys the other ... If it (the
preservation of liberal democra
cy) is to be done at all, we must
be uninhibited in bur examina
tion of our condition . . . We must
adopt the habit of thinking as
plainly about the sovereign peo
ple as we do about the politicians
they elect. No more than the
kings before them should the
people be hedged with divinity."
The people, says Mr. Lippmann,
have hung the Damocles Sword of
their own opinion above the heads
of their leaders. This has caused
the elected leaders in many cas
es to be guided, not by the sea
soned judgment of their own spe
cial training and talent, but by
what that sometimes-mistaken
opinion desired.
'I Had No Idea Elephants Were So Sensitive'
- ;'
Y
Mr. Lippmann proposes, as the
alternative to counterrevolution
within the democracies, a return
to what he calls the "public phi
losophy" the natural law, the
contract between governed and
governing power, the "spirit of
humane interpretation," the tra
ditions of civility which would
set the acting, creating executive
power apart from popular opinion.
NEW RADICAL
Thus the people, in being gov
erned, will understand that fcy
their remission of certain rights
by consent into the hands of the
executive power, their own sov
ereign title to the final say-so
has been strengthened, not weak
ened. When they feel their judgment
right the duly-elected officials of .
the democracies may thus ignore
the momentary proddings of pop
ular opinion and do what, they
feel to be right and wise by the
standards of law and constitution
al order.
However right or wrong the
"new conservative" interpreta
tion of American and democratic
politics may prove to be, it coin
cides well with Mr. Lippmann's
thesis. In. a Reporter article of
some weeks ago, "The New Am
erican Radical," Peter Viereck
traces the spread of McCarthyist
blight to swells of mass Jacobin
opinion. While we must add that
McCarthy's support came from a
cross-cut of the American char
acter from military men whose
views on civil government aren't
particularly civil, from the gold
coffers of upper chambers in the
capitalistic economy as well as
from the masses, a glance at. the
background of most of the "Ten
Million Americans Mobilizing For
Justice" in the McCarthy Cen
sure period tends to bear out
Viereck's and, in principle Mr.
Lippmann's diagnosis.
If it can be granted that Mr.
Lippmann has flicked a light into
the darkest depths of the demo
cratic soul and has shown the
need for a revision of attitude,
questions as to that end will come
up. Will the book be read and
understood enough to have a cre
ditable effect? Do ideas alone
have the punch to restore the
proper balance between people
and government, the tradition of
civility, which Mr. Lippmann
finds wanting? Will Mr. Lipp
man's somewhat ponderous style
block the effectiveness of his
thoughts?
IDEAS HAVE CANSEQUENCES
At any rate, Mr. Lippmann him
self believes ideas which some
would call "airy nothings without
mass or energy, the mere sha
dows of the existential world of
substance and force, of habits and'
desires, of machines and armies"
can't be sold short. The illusion
that ideas work, Mr. Lippmann
says, "if it were one, is ordin
ately tenacious ... In the famil
iar daylight world we cannot act
as if ideas had no consequences."
"I do not know the method of
drawing up an indictment against
a whole people," admitted Ed
mund Burke, once, in a moment of
candidness. Perhaps, at issue with
what Mr. Lippmann has done, we
must continue ignorant of that
method. Perhaps, for all the co
gent case he makes, we must go
on believing that the peoples of
the Western democracies cannot
be made the single or even the
most absorbant sin-remover. Cer
tainly, we must take issue with
Mr. Lippmann when pictures mo
dern men as so perversive that
"the harder they try to make
earth into heaven, the more they
make it a hell."
But it is no less courageous for
Mr. Lippmann to challenge the
Tightness of the sovereignty when
it resides in the -people than for
Jefferson to have attacked when
it resided in the King of Eng
land. And we should recognize
that The Public Philosophy has
given us an analysis of the struc
ture and grave problems of Wes
tern democratic society perhaps
unmatched in our time. By all
standards, Mr. Lippmann's book
is a great document of political
philosophy. He is a prophet who
cannot be refused honor in his
own couptry.
Pianist Fambrough,
Wind Quintet
'Satisfying7 Musicale
Carol Sites .
Flavin- to a capacity audience Sunday night in
Gr!hayrSMemorial, pianist Douglas Fambroush Jr.,
and the University Wind Quintet gave highly sat
isfying performances of piano and chamber
' The young pianist revealed a sensitive regard
for tonal contrasts, especially in the second move-,
ment of Beethoven's op. 49. no. 2, and Chopin s
Prelude in C sharp minor. His concept of classical
style was apparent in both Mozart works.--! an
tasia in D minor and Rondo in D Major, .1 oc
casionally at the expense of clarity and precision.
His fine feeling for phrasing and attention to
gradations of tone also indicated the responsive
action of the beautiful new Steinway piano. I he
Mozart Fantasia which opened the piano pro-ram
and the Chopin Pelude in B Flat at the end of the
last group, required more authority and technical
grasp than the gifted youngster had at his com
mand. WITH EASE AND DEXTERITY
The second half of the Petite Musicale was de
voted to two quintets by Beethoven and Hindemith.
Earl Slocum, flute; Thomas Wheeler, oboe; Her
bert Fred, clarinet; John Renner, bassoon and
Guyte Cotton, french horn gave a competent read
ing of Beethoven's Quintet for winds, op. 71. This
work, originally scored for sextet, was handled
with restraint and meticulous attention to phras
ing; the imitative passages in the third movement
minuet pointed oip the composer's early lucidity of
style.
Mr. Cotton's control of his instrument in the
second movement resulted in some fine duet pas
sages with the woodwinds, notable for fluency and
cantabile playing. Except for the occasional dis
crepancy of attacks in the first movement and
the lack of rapport in the first part of the last
movement, this Beethoven score was handled with
ease and dexterity.
FINE ENSEMBLE PLAYING
Perhaps the live-movement Quintet op. 24, no. 2
by Hindemith was the best performance of the
evening. Front) the monothematic first movement
to the exacting5 technical demands of the final, the
instrumentsalists gave an absorbing and often ex
citing reading of the scintillating score. Especially
beautiful was the tonal and dynamic contrast
achieved in the third movement. The transparent
scoring of the first three movements, particularly
the fuguai exposition of the first, exhibited to ad
vantage the individual skills of the upper wood
winds. But special mention should be made of the con
sistently top-notch performances of Messers Slo
cum and Wheeler. Although the rhythmic complexi
ties of the last movement presented a challenge
to individual performers, fine ensemble playing
prevailed throughout the work.
For an encore, the Quintet played "March" by
Hartley. Mr. Fambrough's encore was K.P.E. Bach's
"Solfegietto."
YOU Said It: A Lot
Of Questions About
Education & Business
Editor:
It seems to me the editorship of the Daily Tar
Heel has been rather short-sighted in its Jreat
ment of the subject of liberal arts courses for BA
majors. In coming out strongly for more liberal
arts requirements, it has not only displayed its
own ignorance of existing program requirement-!
and created antagonism, but it has merely scratch
ed the surface of what is growing to be one of the.
major fields of contention in our times: education
for what?
Is our education for our benefit as individuals
or is it for the benefit of society? Is it to fit us
into a particular position in society, to perform
a given job, to enjoy life, to understand ourselves'
Are we to merge acquiescently with the present
or are we to grow with a consciousness of the past
and future? Are we to determine our own direc
tion, or let it be determined for us?
The BA issue is not just a symptom of student
dissatisfaction. It dovetails into issues which are
focal points in the administration and faculty of
nearly every educational institution, higher and
lower; into the arguments on progressive versus
classical methods; on the acquisition of values per
spective, or skills; on public versus private educa
tion; on local, state or federal support for educa
tion. And beyond the field of education into broad
and conflicting philosophies of human purposes
evolution, and social organization. '
Does greater specializatiin in our society pre
clude a broad framework for the individual or
make it more imperative? Can we flly understand
ourselves without a knowledge of the pa?-iu
aspirations, its delights, its foibles'
Why are small liberal arts colleges receiving in
creasing support from, industrial" and h ,
sources? Why fa Bell Telephone T5 execm
personnel to the University of PennsJlvanTa for
liberal arts courses? Why are adult education
country?1" SPrinin throuout the
TTXt iS at sad .flection on the administration of a
University if it cannot make it apparent to ShI
why libera, arts courses are required fe ,w
nculum. And it is an even sadder reflect il
the liberal arts faculty if they cannot ,
content of their courses to 1 h?? Iale the
life, time, and events And our e?unt,nUm of
Why do they remain silent? Are they uZ
inarticulate, or just ignorant of the "ZTT''
selves?. e ,!s"es tht-in-
Dv. McCallum
Quote, Unquote
Any well-established village in t-, ,
the northern Middle We t couM J 0t
drunkard, a town atheist, and a few
' a"u a tew democrats.
- D. VV. liroqau