CVS scS
till:. IczuiO SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1958
f AOt TWO
THB OAILT TAR HltL
Selection Boards
Somebody should soon decide on what the
pin pose l .1 selection board is. The role con
trives nl' tli.it iht .selection board should have
was to apptove all tjttalilied candidates, and
not to jud-e between the qualified candi
dates ,n to who is most (ualilied.
At the ptesent time in at least one area,
Women's Honor Council, candidates were so
limited. It is seiioiisly doubtlul that the Hon
or Count il tan tell the public jhat out of
j-, people is ho wanted to tun. on ly nine were
capable. I he Carolina Women Council Re
ommentlcd lm alone that they thought ouht
to tun.
Moreover, the secret) over the cjuestions
that the count il ask is another trouble sjot.
The lat t that the Honor Council can make
a selection on one nanow interpretation of
what it is to be a lady, seem to indicate a
need to have an objective set of cjuestions
that tan be graded as to the knowledge of a
person oT student j;oei merit, the Honor
.sNstem, and the campu code, or that the
healings be open to the public so that select
ion cam tot be dependent on viewpoint. The
selettion was not necessarily this year made
on viewpoint, but in any selettion board the
opM! lunity is there.
I i i l.i 11 y . theie i no need for two selection
boattls sinte a candidates qualifications and
knowledge is not a matter that can be divided
by sex.
The student legislature ouht to look into
the piohlem 1 1 1 1 ou;l 1 1 y in the next session.
Legislature
The Student Legislature disj)layed inttre
courage last nilit than it has shown in at
least a scmcstei.
In passing a policy statement against dis
ciiminatoiy clauses, the Legislature has jut
'itself firmly on record against discrimination
by i ace, creed, or national orations.
Cieat credit should ;o to (iary Ceer the
writer of the bill, to Davis Voting, as a fra
temity man and a person who has compro
mised on many issues, showed a ood deal of
courage in speaking on this one, to Mike
I leisher and .R. lirown, the two University
Tarty member who broke from the party
line to vote for this bill, and to I'd Lc fy who
also spoke lor the legislation.
Jury Bill
Now is the time for someone to blast some
illusions about the worth of overment by
interest.
The present structure of the jury system
is erroneous. Under the present, legislation
all those interested in serving on a jury may,
after they sue esshdly piss a test and have
been approved through an interview.
This is a terrible corruption of the derrro
'tatic svstem. Under a icm;xr:".y all people
w'thin that democracy are the Covcrnrncnt,
and .ul people .tie responsible to seive in
tint Covcinmcnt. Most people view serving
on a jurv in civilian life as an unpleasant
choie. which must be done their rcspousi
bilitv to the their r csponsibility to the clemo
cratit c ommuiiiiy. A person who is interested
in set v in:; is looked upon with suspicion,
.: bein piejiiiieed toward one party or niv.
5ther.
The idea holds no less true on this campus
where students have attempted to set up a
demotiaty pcihaps on a simular scale but
a demotiaty nevertheless. It h;"s oftetr been
said in this column that student ;overmcnt
at the University is ;overinent of 200, arrd
by iMio-namely those who ate intcrester. lut
if student !;oveimcnt, wants in any sense of
the woid to be t;ovci imicnt, their its bound
aries are the .student in this campus, arrd de
rising any student the responsibility and pri
vclee of senium in government simply be
cause he has not showed the interest to be
intei viewed and has not come to Craham
Memorial.
Not only should all students be responsible
to serve on the jury system, but it also is an
excellent opportunity for a student govern
ment to be known by a great many mote
people. 'Lhe lirooks Smith additions to the
bill providing for practical means toward
the acc iniiplishm'eiit of bunging all students
under the jury system, and. providing the law
hook with an akirow letlgement of their res
ponsibility to the student government of
which they are a part.
Government by interest has to cease on the
UNC campus. It must be replaced by a demo
cratic method of government. The oppor
tunity ha been presented, the Student Legis
lature ought o take advantage of it.
ije iBnity Wax Heel
The official student publication of the Publication
Board of the University of North Carolina, where it
li published daily
except Monday and
examination periods
nd summer term.
Entered as second
class matter In the
cst office In Chapel
Hill, N. C. under
the ct of March 8,
1370. Subscription
rates: $4.50 per so
mestcr, $3.50 per
er.
l .1
.1.rTit.!l It
i ' .
: - "
) I tl ,nh C.t; .....
il I
An Address
Marion A. Wright
(Continued)
It is of interest to note the reasons given for suspension of con
stitutional rights. Aesop observed that "Any excuse will Serve a
tyrant." But tyrants have always been careful to couch their usurpa
tions in attractive terms. After all, the people have some attachment
for their liberties. They have been taught to revere, their constitu
tions. If they are to surrender any part of rights guaranteed by con
stitutions, the reasons must appear' plausible; the penalties must
seem to fall only upon hateful and dangerous minorities.
So the unfailing recourse of the tyrant is the plea, of necessity
Milton phrased it "And with necessity, the tyrant's plea excused his
devilish deeds." The same thought was advanced by William Pitt:
"Necessity is the argument of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves."
Necessity, which knows no law, is, therefore, the logical reason for
destroying the law.
In 1794 George III pushed through parliament an act suspending,
in certain cases the writ of habeas corpus. The reasons assigned were
the "formation of a traitorous and detestable conspiracy for subvert
ing the existing laws and constitution" and "securing the peace and
laws and liberties fo this kingdom." Because of the grave perils of
the moment it was necessary to discard normal procedures.
The act which gave Hitler dictatorial power had as its ostensible
purpose, "the reduction of the misery of the Nation and Reich",
which could not be overcome under existing constitutional provi
sions. The average Englishman was led to believe that a handful of
conspirators menaced the state; they had made the suspension neces
sary. Hitler beguiled the Germans with tales of Jewish perfidy; the
Jews made the suspension necessary.
Well, other occasions, other bogeymen, other minority groups.
There is a second badge of tyranny which is in fact,, but another
facet of the one we have just considered. It is the hostility which
tyranny feels for established and respected courts and judicial pro
cess. (We must keep in mind that tyranny may mark te conduct of
an individual, a group or government itself.)
What stands between the tyrant and the citizen, as sre have noted,
is Law, usually the Constitution. The instrument through which . Law
or Constitution speaks is the Court. The Law, conceived of as a -real
existence, dwelling apart and alone, speaks through the voice
of the Court. The Law impinges upon mankind, not more because it
exists than because the Qourt has given it voice. The will of the.
dictator is thwarted, if at all, because of what the Court has declared
the Law to be. In its final analysis, the inevitable! calsh is not be
tween two abstractions, Dictatorship and Law, but between Dictator
ship personified in an individual or group and Law personified in
the Court. Such was the conflict in Washington on Thursday. "
So, the character, composition and powers ot courts are matters
of profound and unholy concern to dictators. An independent judi
ciary, able, learned and incorruptible, is anathema to -the dictator.
To him the Court alone may say "Thus far and no further shall
you go." In his hot quest of power, in his trampling upon human
rights, the sole agency to challenge the dictator's will is these in
terpreters of the Law. So upon them war is declared.
The tactics of this warfare have been varied and nefarious. In
earlier times there was direct action, such as chopping off the head
of the judge or sending him into exile, as was done with Aristides,
the Just. There have been, among other devices, impeachment, trans
fer of jurisdiction from civilian to military tribunalslimitation of
authority, setting up of "people's courts," and change in method of
appointment of judges. Whatever the method, the inspiration has
been the judge's assertion of individual rights against autocratic will. .
The object has been to secure compliant tribunals.
Perhaps the most dastardly of all tactics is the sapping and under- m
mining of public confidence in the court. This is a form of judicial
character anamination which bardlv attains to tse dignity of slan
der. To be effective, properly to discharge his function, the judge
mu:t enjoy public renTidonci ani respect. Whatever tends to deprive
him of either ten Is to rende" him impo'entand to make h's labors
futile. Tr the extent that the righteous judge is lowered from the
pedestal upon which mankind has placed him he becomes valueless
to society. Since, more than any other, he personifies the law, the
creation of disrespect for him and for the judicial office creates dis
respect for law.
The public, taught such disrespect by its leaders, is ripe for
rebellion against law. Hence, the demagogue, aggrieved by a judicial
decision asserting the rights of a minority, for example, first, attacks
the court which rendered the decision, inflames the people against
the court, and then leads them in resistance to the decision. Thus,
personal abuse is the prelude to anarchy. Thus, rights guaranteed by
a constitution are nullified. v
Such, then, historically, are the methods of tyrants or dema
gogues. (The terms may be used interchangeably.) The formula is
simple: By decree or legislative act strike down constitutional guar
anties; and undermine confidence in courts to the point that their
decrees have no public acceptance. Either alone would probably be
effective. Taken together they inevitably insure the temporary suc
cess of tyranny, whether it be the tyranny of an individual, a clique
or a majority. Under such a regime the rights of a minority are
doomed.
Uses of those methods are the badges of tyranny or dictatorship.
We may see that clearly by the backward view. We' see it much
more clearly than those who lived through the usurpation of power.
When Hitler, for example, rushed his decrees through the Reichstag,
millions of patriotic Germans gave assent without realizing for a
moment that they were surrendering their liberties to his lust fo
power. Greater vision is required to discern the pattern of dictator-
ship in events to which one is party. In the capacity to discern, we'
are more likely to be affected with presbytopia than with myopia.
(To Be Continued)
1984 Is Now
Russell Eisenman
Georg Orwell's 1984, and Ald
ous Huxley's "Brave New World"
tell of a society in which the peo
ple work for the betterment of
the society to the extent of put
ting the state ahead of the in
dividual. This is similar to the
American society.
Speaking of Americans, a for
eign student said, "You get a
good education in your major."
The point is we don't receive a
broad education. This foreign stu
dent had received courses in both
philosophy and psychology in
high school; in the United States,
many people never take these
courses in college.
After Joseph Rauh, of tre
American for Democratic Action,
spoke here, Ed Rowland wrote in
The Daily Tar Heel that it was
deplorable that more students
didn't go hear him speak. I agree.
It's also deplorable that the rea
son some students didn't go is
"How About This--Will You Agree To Admit
Inspectors If They Don't Bring In Any Books?"
Letters
EDITOR:
' ' ' TEST BAM - '
TALKS
' '
1
View And Preview
they didn't have time.. I had to
miss supper to be able to hear
Rauh speak, because school work
left litHe free time that night.
It would be one thing , if this
school work was giving nje a bet
ter understanding of contempor
ary problems. However, only one
course, hygiene, is connected to
present problems, and this course
is so basic that it has given me
virtually no profound knowledge.
I have found that not only has
UNC not contributed to my un
derstanding of contemporary af
fairs, but it has kept me from
having time to be able adequate
' ly to get this knowledge on my
own.
I feel that the present time is
similar to Orwell's 1984. People
do not have a good understand
ing of society. Most people learn
how to , perform their job, but
do not learn how to understand
society. Unfortunately, the. Uni
versity of North-Carolina contri
butes to this.
Coach Tatum ought to have his
throwing hand soundly paddled
(an old academic custom which
has fallen into disrepute). The
goodly .gentleman, whose salary
might make the superficial view-'
er think that he is of more im
portance to the university than
its lowliest talented graduate in
structor, has recently encouraged
the student body at large to cut
Saturday classes and run up o
C rarlf ttesvillf? to c h e e r ' hfo
charges on to victory.
. ..... -. I
Uaf-rtunateiy, niany student;
will, probably, heed his milage,
not only for the usual reason thai
they would, rather do almost any
thing but go to classes, but alsj
because one of the highest paiH
employees of, the state, of North
Carolina has encouraged them to
neglect their education.
Many of the students who will
go are those who neglect their
studies anyway, so their loss will
be slight; and it is even possible
that in their absence and because
of it some classes may come alive
on Saturday.
The sad fact is not, then, that
many students will miss two or
three classes, but that a principle
of sorts has been established
which, in the absence of- any. re
buttal, casts a peculiar light on
the university. The principle, is
in its simplest form, that football
comes before classes.
Who is going to refute this
principle? Evidently not the ad
ministration, for its policy seems
to be one of non-interference with
the athletic system, regardless of
how much it undermines the ed
ucational program. ?
The student body is also unlike
ly to criticise Mr. Tatum: his sug
gestion fits too . comfortably into
the sentiments of the majority.;
v The faculty is the only giJotip
strong enough to thwart Mr.'Ta
tum's proposed desertion of the
academic ranks in favor of vicar
ious athletics, and yet the faculty '
has made no effort in this direc
tion. Tt would be both just and
constructive for every teacher to
give some sort of quiz announc
ed or unannounced on Saturday
morning, just to separate - the
wheat from the chaff. v!!
If it does not do something to
counter Mr. Tatum's assertion, of
the primacy of professional ath
letics on this campus, the faculty
is in effect endorsing the point
of view which holds that-it is , of
real importance that the fbtotbaU
team win a game, or that the
play the game at all. The faculty
is admitting that it is fitting and
proper that their classes be con
sidered of secondary interest on
this campus, and that what goes
on in their classes is iq fact un
equal in importance to spectator
Anthony Wolff
sports.
The universal quiz is one of
the best tools the faculty has to
go about asserting the importance
of classes over football. In its
most effective form, the quiz con
sists of one question: "Sign your
name in perfect English," Such
a quiz fits the established cus
tom, for it is objective and brief,
putting no strain on either stu
d"!t or teacher.
The- qun rrfig'-'t be we:"tte-' ro
t'i3t it will count twi cr three
p ints on the final gra'V F-- ob
vious" reasons,, it need not be
curve;'. tie erases will be dis
continuous, and therefore im
pervious to democratic pamper
ing. . . " -
It is doubtful that the faculty
as a whole is sufficiently, com
mitted to the ideal, of education
to try such a procedure, . and so
hundreds of students will cut
Saturday classes with impunity.
The fact remains that it js of no
legitimate consequence whether
or not the team wins or even
piavj- on Saturday, 4and those
w'-o io:n ,vg av'al',?,-'e ao "tj '.
ing their tim? in the caur of, a
-!in"icial and misplaeed "school
spirit." , ;
In the past, the Women's Honor Council as a
group has refrained from commenting publicly upon
personal opinions, publicly or privately expressed.
However, we believe that the editorial appearing in
the November 4 issue of the Daily Tar Heel and
the attitude expressed therein must be answered.
In reference to the comments made concerning
the Bi-Partisan Board we would like to first explain
the structure. The Board is composed of any three
members of Women's Honor Council, one University ,
Party representative chosen by the chairman of the
University Party, one Student Party representative -chosen
by the chairman of the Student Party and
the Chairman of Women's Honor Council who pre
sides but does not have a vote. None of the three
voting members of Honor Council were members of
the same sorority. In all voting a rating scale was
used and was done by secret ballot.
The purpose of this board is to endorse as candi
dates those girls deemed most capable on the basis
of one 15 minute interview. The interview consists
of questions directed to the girls which emphasize
their working knowledge of and respect for the
Honor System. The Board had no definite number
of candidates in mind to be endorsed. We would
like to point out that there is no restrictive action
in this endorsement. In the past years there have
been many unendorsed candidates who have run and
been responsible members of Honor Council. There
is never any form of sorority identification in any
function of Women's Honor Council. .
It is surprising that if the Daily Tar Heel really
wanted the truth concerning the Board's selections
instead of merely casting implications and creating
sensationalism, why some member of the Bi-Partisan
Board was not contacted. Having spent eleven hours
holding interviews they are thoroughly familiar with
the system, whereas it is a fact that the editor was
not.
v This was a fair, sincere effort on the part of the
Board; contrary to the impression which the strong
implications of the Daily Tar Heel would imply.
The council feels that , there are other opinions
' demanding comment. It is known that the editor is
strongly in favor of combining the Men and Worn-'
en's councils This proposal is radically opposed by
both the Men and Women's Councils. After work
ing with the system and knowing it, we recognize
it to be a radical, idealist, unworkable and totally
incompetent idea. To this end, the Daily Tar Heel
editorial policy has constantly, through unfounded
public criticism and private uncooperativeness work
ed against the Honor Councils.
f
-.3 .
! C7U it'll
The editor has stated that his policy is to be to
attack all campus organizations in the hope of im
proving them and creating intelligent discussion and
thought. This, if sincere, is to be admired. How
ever, we are' appalled that this policy includes pre
senting half truths and unfounded insinuations.
The Womers Honor Council welcomes intelli
gent criticism by any member cf the SiUdent' o-. y
or faculty. We do nat intend nowever, to bow
the Da!Iy Tar Heel or to political tactions on this
campus until such time as it may be proved that
they are sincere, factual anj not motivated by per
sonal biasness in their advocations.
As shown by the endorsement, we feel the girls
endorsed to be the most capable candidates,
urge each student to so to the polls with an open
mind, however, using their own judgment as to U12
character and ability of the candidates, whether en
dorsed or not.
NANCY ADAMS
PADDY WALL
LUCY FORSYTH .
LILLIAN WELLONS
LOUISE CRUMBLEY
GINNY PEARCE
WOMEN'S HONOR COUNCIL
Harpers Bizarre
' We were sitting with a friend, talking over a cup of coffee.
ne spoKe:
"You know, this is what really matters. I mean, this counts. We're
sitting here now talking.. : . getting along with each other. What
we're talking about doesn't really matter, H's just that we're here. Two
of us.
fTt's not you, especially. Just me and somebody else that guy
over there, or his girl; our janitor, my English professor anyone will
do, but no morevthan one. .
"Three's a crowd? Three's too many, I know that. I k . . I don't
know whether you see it. or not. What I'm trying to say is, that we've
gotten so far ahead, in everything else science, industry . . I
started to say war we've done great things with things, but we've
neglected people. We've neglected ourselves, I guess.
"Why is.it that we can send a. man to the moon,. but John Jones
can't get along with his next-door neighbor? Or even his wife, all the
time? , , . ',
"I don't think this is original. In. fact, I've picked it up from lots
of people. I read about it once ot twice, I guess. And my mother used
to talk about it She ws.3-right, too.
. VI don't hate Russians. And I don't think I'd even be afraid of
them if I could sit down with some of them and talk..
"You see, I'm sitting here now, talking with you, and you're talk
ing with me, and we don't hate or fear each other. But that's what I
mean.
"See, it's not like I have to get along with everybody right now.
Just you. In an hour it'll be my roommate. And tomorrow the janitor,
or my girl, or anybody. But it's us "two" that count, because we're
trying to understand, one another, and if we try hard enough,-than
wel" forget not to,
"We've got to start somewhere." J. Harper
Editor:
For the past several years I have been quite in
terested in the writings ard activities of the so
called "Beat Generation." I am by no means beat
myself and do not consider myself an expert on the
subject. But after reading Mr. Wolff's review of Jack
Kerouac's latest book I am driven by curiosity to
write this letter.
Mr. Wolff, Whom I have found to be an expert on
all matters pertaining to literature, has made sev
eral statements which I question. The first state
ment in mind pertains to the sloppy way Kerouac
uses the English Language. Mr. Wolff states.' that
one can not use this sloppy style without prupose,,
but I ask, doesn't Kerouac have a purpose that of
selling books? But then again, who knows? Kerouac
might be trying to create a new style in American
Literature. Secondly, Mr. Wolff remarks that Kerou
ac. is naive about prose and poetry. I would tend
to agree with this remark if I had only read
one of-Kerouac's books and knew nothing about the
man's background. To assure brevity I shall omit sev
eral other controversial statements which come to
mind. -
I feel -that Mr. Wolff's review of this book is very
poorly done. In fact, I wonder if Mr. Wolff read any
further than the inside cover of the review copy of
the "Dharma Bums." His choice of quotations and
his attempts at making caustic remarks about them
are very misleading and insignificant. By a similar
method of review Mr. Wolff could make any book
seem ridiculous, especially one written in the style
Kerouac uses.
Everett Smith A