"V
Pago Two
THE DAILY TAR HEEL
Sunday, January 3.
f
atlp Wwc 5eel
r . , In its sixty-eighth year of editorial freedom, unhampered by restrictions
ss row either the administration or the student body.'
1 ; : : : ; : ;
The Daily Tar Hrrx is the official student publication of the Publico-
Hons Board of the University of North Carolina. Richard Overstrcet, Chairman.
. . ..
All editorials appearing in The Daily Tar Heel are the personal expres
sions of the edit or y unless -otherwise credited; they are not necessarily represen
- tative of feeling on the staff, and all reprints or quotations must specify thus. ''
January S, 1961
Volume LXIX, Number 80
Looking At The Honor System, HI:
Are We Capable Of SeU-Gbvernnleht?
Serious doubts rnust be raised
about the ability of members of a
student community such as ours
to govern themselves. We are
bound to two codes the honor
code and the campus code which
implicitly support this contention;
the undeniable fact that these codes
are ineffective gives justification
to such questioning.
At nineteen or twenty years bf
age a person is not ready to as
sume very heavy burdens; he is in
the midst of acquiring the educa
tion which will, at least in .p'afrt,
prepare him for the life he is on
the threshold of fulfilling. lie is
not wise in- the ways of his own
heart and mind, much less the
ways of other men.
Yet Ave, being naive and trust
ing, have placed in the hands of
youths the - powers of jurispru
dence. We have, in our honor sys
tem and campus code, given to
ourselves the right to pass judge
ment on our fellow students, and
to make our own laws.
The effectiveness of the systems
is valid testimony to the worth of
our abilities as governors. We re
fuse to recognize the very restric
tions and demands we have placed
upon ourselves. We do not report
our fellow students for offenses;
we cheat, we lie, we steal; our
courts punish too severely for the
trivial and are often tricked by a
clever student lawyer into prac
tically condoning the severe; the
courts, knowing that the ultimate
power is not themselves but 'the
administration, ultimately defer to
it in many cases, and are often
ruled by the fear that their actions
may be in opposition to adminis
tration wishes.
When. we choose those who will
fill the courts we do not look for
qualifications; we vote for the
familiar face or the appealing
name. Once a student was elected
because his name happened to be
that of a popular basketball 'player,
and the electorate believed 'that the
athlete was the candidate.
If the electoral mandate is given
in such a fashion, how can those
elected be expected 'to serve with
honor and distinction 1 tiow can
we expect our courts to be well
staffed when the members are not
trained in the laws which they
must enforce or the way in which
the councils enforce them? When
a person runs for a position because
it seems like a handy credit to
have on one's record, what guaran
tee have we that he will be capable
or conscientious? In the past stu
dents have been candidates who
themselves had committed honor
system offenses.
We have, in fact, no guarantees.
Occasionally a boy or girl is elect
ed" who possesses particularly out
standing qualities of compassion,
reason and temperance. This, how
ever, is rare. For the most part our
student judges are well-intentioned
but frightfully unprepared and ill
equipped to meet the challenges of
the law. When they fail, the sys
tem fails.
And when all of us fail, as we
have, the system fails. It fails when
we do not ourselves feel strongly
enough about the system to obey
it or, for that matter, to even re
spect it. We laugh at the idealism
of its precepts, knowing full well
that any clever shyster can "beat
the rap" given the proper combina
tion of luck and skill.
But neither is the system a good
one. Running counter, in many
places, to the United States Con
stitution (which, incidentally, was
composed by far better prepared
men than we), it holds to tenets
which cannot be compromised with
human nature. It is weak, weak
because of itself and because of us.
The time has come for change, or
there will be nothing left to change.
The Face Of Hate In Chapel Hill
The picket line is quiet, or
derly. Four people, two black
and two white, pace slowly be
fore the bright marquee.
Passersby glance briefly at
the demonstrators. A few stop
to snicker, others to chat with
those in the line. Three report
ers talk to a young girl holding
a placard which reads: "WE
enjoy movies too." A police
man idly surveys the scene.
A car moves slowly past the
theatre. . Moments later it
passes again. A man leans out
of the window, looks at the
JONATHAN YARDLEY
Editor
Wayne King, Mary Stewart Baker
Associate Editors
Margaret Ann Rhymes
Managing Editor
Edward !Jeaj. Rineh
Assistant To The Editor
Henry Mayer, Lloyd Little
, News Editors
Susan Lewis -..Feature Editor
Frank Sltjsser ; Sports Editor
Harry W. Lloyd Asst. Sports Editor
John Justice, Davis Young
Contributing Editors
Tim Burnett
Business Manager
Richard Wei neb Advertising Manager
John Jester. Circulation Manager
Charles Whedbeb. Subscription Manager
The Daily Tar Heel is published daily
except Monday, examination periods
and vacations. It is entered as second
class matter in the post office in Chapel
Hill, N. C. pursuant with the act of
March 8, 1870. Subscription rates: $4
per semester, $7 per year. "
The Daily Tar Heel is a subscriber to
the United Press International and
utilizes the services of the News Bu
reau of the University of North Caro
lina. Published by the Colonial Press,
Chapel Hill, N. C.
5
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demonstrators, and shouts de
risively, harshly, bitterly:
"Niggers can't go to movies!
Git, niggerlovers!"
. .
You cannot see the- face. The
automobile speeds by, leaving only
a blurred impression of eyes, a
nose, a mouth. But you know the
face; it is an old one, a familiar
one.
It was in Little Rock when the
federal troops marched in. It
watched silently when they
lynched Mack Parker, and when
Emmitt Till was' drowned. It
screamed in New Orleans.
This is the face that hangs, like
an apparition, over the South. This
is the face that does not know love;
only flesh and filth and the sordid
sensations felt by a body that has
no heart. 1
The face has been that of many
men. Torquemada, Hirohito, Mus
solini, McCarthy, Kasper, Hitler,
Herod. It reveals itself in stealth
under the shroud of night's dark
ness. By day it goes clothed in
white hoods or soldiers' helmets.
Under the bravado and the
brawn, garbed in harsh words and
vindictive acts, it is a face that,
knows fear. It knows the feelings
that accompany inferiority and
ignorance and cowardice.
This is the face that knows not
love but hate; this is the face that
feels not compassion 1 but bitter-'
ness.
Is this the face of Chapel Hill?
Safety Belts &
Space Capsule Recovery Attempt
1
Hmiian
Lives
A simple device like a safety
belt might have saved 8,000, and
possibly 10,000, of the nearly 33,
000 people killed last year in
traffic accidents, In the opinion
of two Denver surgeons.
Yet only 4 per cent of "drivers
and passengers now yse safety
belts. '
The surgeons cite the results of
a crash research project conduct
ed by Cornell University Medi
cal College, with the cooperation
of highway departments and
motor companies, to show the
value of safety belts.
Both Drs. Murray fc. Gibbens,
chief of orthopedic surgery at
the Veterans Hospital in Den
ver, and S. P. Newjnan, assistant
clinical professor of orthopedic
surgery at the Colorado Univer
sity Medical tenter, long have
advocated safety belts in auto
mobiles. "
"Orthopedic surgeons too often
see the tragic results of accidents
that might have been avoided had
safety belts been used such as
broken kneecaps, severe head,
chest and back injuries," Dr. '
Newman said.
The Cornell study, Dr. Gib
bens said, showed results of ac
cidents, as to type and extent of
damage, in cases where safety
belts, were used, and where they
were not.
"You're strapped to "the seat,"
the Denver surgeons -told the
Washington AMA meeting. "And
if there is an accident and the
car is jolted or rolled, you're held
in the seat and not thrown
against the dashboard or steer
ing wheel, or out of the car."
On T. V. This Week
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t-0wt-
Bob Hope, A Tribute to Ike, Among Special Attraction.
NEW YORK (UPI) A special
tribute to President Eisenhower,
a Bob Hope show, a two-part
dramatization of Thackeray's
"Vanity Fair" and two new situ
ation comedy series highlight TV
network programming next week.
Details for Jan. 8-14 (all times
EST unless noted):
SUNDAY
' CBS provides ' "Meet the New
Senators," informal, in - person
interviews with new U.S. sena
tors and their families in Wash
ington. Sen. Mike Mansfield, D-Mont.,
gives his views on changing the
filibuster rule on ABC's "Issues
and Answers" at 1:30.
CBS puts its 90-minute "Sun
day Sports Spectacular" back in
circulation. The 13-week series
will concentrate on sports not
frequently seen on TV. This first
one 'deals with rodeo competiti i
in Dallas, Texas.
The second round in the na
tional amateur talent champion
ship of 1960 will be aired on "The
Original Amateur Hour" on CBS.
"The Twentieth Century"' on
CBS has the conclusion of the
two-part study of American pris
oners of war. This half deals with
Air Force training to help fliers
resist enemy pressure if cap
tured. "Walt Disney Presents" on
ABC has the first hour episode
of a new series about "Swamp
Fox" Francis Marion of the Rev
olutionary War.
"The Shirley Temple Show" on
NBC offers a dramatization of a
famous Swedish children's story
in "Pippi Longstocking."
Con men do Beau out of $3,000
left with him for safekeeping on
"Family Pride" on ABC's "Mav
erick" episode at 7:30.
MONDAY
ABC replaces "The Texan" re
run series Monday through Fri
day with "Camoflage," a new
audience game show involving
identification of objects hidden
in a drawing. Don Morrow is
master of ceremonies.
NBC's "Riverboat" has a re- -
peat of "The Two Faces of Grey
Holden." The steamer's captain
is mistaken for the missing fi
ance of a Cajun girl.
TUESDAY
"The Vanishing Muskox" is the
subject of ABC's "Expedition"
series, a Greenland adventure.
Danny Thomas will fill in on
Red Skelton's show on CBS.
Skelton is still recuperating from
his recent operation.
"Tribute to a Patriot" is the
title of the NBC special at 10
honoring President Eisenhower.
It will depict his career in docu
mentary fashion from his youth
through his two terms as Presi-.
dent. President-elect John F.
Kennedy, British Prime Minister
Macmillan, German Chancellor
Adenauer and other notables will
be seen in hrlef tributes.
WEDNESDAY
A rock slide at Niagara Falls
provides rescue work for the he
roes of "The Aquanauts" on
CBS.
Lesson in Fear" is the story
on ABC's "Hon Kong" series at
7:30. The correspondent makes a
trip to Honolulu in tracking
down a story aljout jewel smug
gling.' Rhonda Fleming and Michael
Ansara are guest stars on NBC's
"Wagon Train" at 7:30 in "The
Patience Miller Story." A wid
owed missionary insists on go-'
ing ahead with her slain hus
band's assignment among the
hostile. Arapahoes.
Bob Hope's hour special has
Zsa Zsa Gabor, Andy Williams,
Janis Paige, Jerry Colonna and
Anita Bryant. Films of the enter
tainment provided U.S. service
men by Hope's troupe on a Carib
bean tour last Christmas. Perry
Como gets the night off.
THURSDAY
The first hour segment of the
CBS "Vanity Fair" production
starts at 7:30 p.m. Ann 3othern's
show and Angel" are preempted.
Diane Cilento plays Becky Sharp,
P. W. Carlton
and among the other players are
such stalwarts as Cathleen Nes
bitt, John Colicos, Denholm El
liott and Eric Berry.
"The Untouchables" on ABC
offers the second episode of "The
Big Train" two-parter, concern
ing the transfer of Al Capone
from trie Atlanta prison to Al
catraz. Shari Lewis . is Ernie Ford's
guest star on his NBC show at
9:30.
FRIDAY
"Happy" bows on NBC as a
weekly family situation comedy
series centering around a "Talk
ing Baby." Grownup regulars are
( Ronnie Burns and Yvonne Lime
as the parents, Lloyd Corrigan as
an uncle. "Howie" is the title of
the first episode, dealing with
the problem of acquiring a dog
for the baby. The series is new
to regular season programming
although it was seen briefly last
summer as a replacement show
on NBC.
The second half of the "Fam
ily Classics" version of "Vanity
Fair" is on CBS. "Rawhide" is
preempted.
From 8 to 8:30 NBC introduces
its second new weekly half-hour
situation comedy series, "One
Happy , Family." Regulars are
Dick Sargent, Judy Warner,
Chick Chandler, Elizabeth Fra--ser,
Jack Kirkwopd and Cheerio
Martin. Three generations of a
family living under one roof.
"Our American Heritage" on
NBC dramatizes events early in
the career of Theodore Roose
velt in "The Invincible Teddy."
George Peppard, Thomas Mitch
ell and Glenda Farrell are in
the cast.
SATURDAY
ABC's college basketball game
features North Carolina State
and Wake Forest.
Cincinnati-Los Angeles pro
basketball is on NBC.
Perry Mason's job on CBS is
"The Case of the Irresolute Re
former." A politician's enemies
use an indiscreet act of his son
against him.
Paul Pender defends his mid
dleweight boxing championship
against Terry Downes in a 15
rounder on ABC's "Fight of the
Week."
Going to Graduate School? Stop and Think
In a fast moving world like
ours, it is possible to spend days
and days in routine functionality,
without thinking a single real
thought. Such is the case with
most of us. I can honestly attest
this fact.
Particularly is this true of the
graduate student in American
Universities and colleges. It is
increasingly evident that the
"grad" spends almost 100 of
'his time doing "busy work" this
is in the sense of memorization
and investigation of evidence set
forth by others. So engrossed
does the student become in
studying these previous endeav
ors that his own creativity runs
grave danger of being early
doughted. Graduate schools pro
pose the nurture and encourage
ment of individual creative re
search, yet spend much of their
time making reasonably sure the
student won't have time even to
think, much less do anything
about, anything original. This is
unfortunate.
In order that one be a good
historian it is necessary that he
be familiar with most phases of
Man's progress from earlier times
to the present. This requires out
side reading of thousands of
pages. Such endeavor dooms the
struggling history grad to full
time reading of others' writings.
There is little chance that such
a student will produce any great
new contribution to his field.
At best, he'll be 'able to produce
at an advantaged age when,
from the eminence of a Ph.D's
, position he will set forth pearls .
of. great; price. These pearls many
times resemble, strangely enough,
the thoughts of others in which
this exalted personage has been
steeped for so many years. It
seems that few of our Ph.D.'s are
truly productive along literary
lines. Much of their work is pub-'
lished, true enough, but the No
bel Prize winners, the truly
great authors are in most cases,
those whose education has not
extended to the doctoral degree.
These people are productive be
cause they took the time to write,
while others spent . their best
years in study of the already
written.
Could it be that scholars reach
a point of diminishing returns.
Is it possible that man must
make a choice between academic
endeavor, with its security and
insured prestige, engendered by
the work of others and the less
secure, more nebulous prestige
of a creative individual who may
or may not make his mark upon
the world? Must a creative mind
take the risks involved in order
to maintain its integrity and
draw the line at any attempt to
squelch independent thought?
This is a problem.
Truly, it seems necessary that
one pursue higher degrees if he
hopes for success in an academic
world, but it is necessary to avoid
the lethargy that comes with
swallowing and regurgitating of
others' thoughts. In some way
' the thinker must constantly whet
his intellectual scythe by using
it to cut creative .blades, thus
maintaining mental keeness until
time is available to allow true
harvest of the mind's crop of
ideas, ideas which our heaving
world so badly needs, ideas upon
which the very existense of man
may depend. Contentment and
satisfaction are the enemies of
progress. To cease for one min
ute to reach for new ideas is
to backslide one furlong in the
search for Truth.
What is the nature of Man?
Why, Man is a current out
stretched mind, a yearning de
sire for new thoughts, a spark
of light in a vast, Stygian, in
finity, seeking to increase, its
radiance by feeding upon the all
en com passing inpenetrability.
Man is a crusade for knowledge,
a passionate appeal for enlighten
ment. When man ceases to seek
Truth, he becomes less than Man
and descends to animal existence.
Thus, it seems that the stu
dent must ever guard against
academic complacency, so easy
to acquire, so hard to combat.
He must, in some way maintain
the integrity of his native in
quisitiyeness and use this gift in
ferreting out some additional
grain of Truth ; for Man's grow
ing volume of fact.
Constitutional?
Sometime during the next few
months, the U.S. Supreme Court
will hand down a decision that
could change your way of life.
It will decide whether Sunday
is constitutional.
Not Sunday as a day of tho
week, but Sunday as a day of
rest and worship, recognized and
protected by law.
Pending before the court arc
four cases challenging Sunday
closing laws in Massachusetts,
Maryland and Pennsylvania. But
the basic issue is much broader
than the specific statutes of these
states. It is whether any govern
mental body in the United States
has a constitutional right to ac
cord a special legal status to a
day which is considered holy by
many but by.no means all Ameri
cans. Jewish groups and some small
Christian bodies like the Seventh
Day Advent ists, who observe
Saturday as the Sabbath Day,
have long contended that Sunday
observance laws violate the First
Amendment's guarantee of gov
ernmental neutrality in matters;
of religion.
In the past, with .a single ex
ception, lower courts have upheld
the constitutionality of Sunday
closing laws. They have ruled
that states have a right to en
force a shutdown of general busi
ness activity one day a week, not
for religious reasons, but to pro
tect the health and welfare of
workers. The choice of Sunday
for this day o rest may have
been prompted originally by the
tenets of the Christian faith, the
courts have said, but It can now
be justified on the grounds of so
cial custom and long-standing
tradition.
The single exception was a
ruling in 1959 by a federal court
in Boston. It held Massachusetts'
Sunday law unconstitutional on
the grounds that it "furnishes
special protection to the dominant
Christian sects" and discriminates
against those who observe a dif
ferent Sabbath.
Some Washington observers
believe there is a better-than-fair
chance that a majority of the
Supreme Court justices will take
the same view as the Massachu
setts court.
If that happens, the relatively
small minority of Americans who
observe a Saturday Sabbath will
feel that a great injustice has
been corrected. But the vast ma
jority of Americans not only the
practicing Christians who go to
church on Sunday, but also the
millions who regard Sunday as
sacred to other purposes such as
golf, late-sleeping or family out
ings may find their way of life
rudely altered.
The trend toward "business-as-usual"
on Sunday which has
been very conspicuous in recent
years would doubtless be tre
mendously accelerated by the
total removal of present legal re
strictions, however riddled with
exceptions and loopholes they are.
Without Sunday closing laws,
it is hard to see how downtown
department stores, chain gro
ceries and other retail and serv
ice businesses could long resist
the competitive pressure to keep
open seven days a week. And if
Sunday becomes just another
shopping day for customers, it
will perforce be just another
workday for millions of em
ployes. There may be a way out of the
dilemma a solution that neither
destroys Sunday as an institution
nor denies the rights of minori
ties. Twelve states have adopted
laws which exempt from com
pulsory Sunday closing rules
those who observe another clay
as their holy day of rest.
When a law of this kind was
challenged in Ohio in 1959, the
.U.S. Supreme Court refused to
review the case on the ground
that no "substantial federal ques
tion" i.e., no major constitu
tional issue was involved.
U. P. I.
The Daily Tar Heel solicits
and is happy io print any lei
ier to the editor written by a
member of the University
community, as long as it is
within the accepted bounds of
good taste. NO LETTERS
WILL BE PRINTED IF THEY
ARE OVER SCO WORDS
LONG OR IF THEY ARE
NOT TYPEWRITTEN O R
DOUBLE SPACED. We make
this requirement purely for
Ihe sake of space and time.