'Yacks' here
The 1977 Yackety Yack has
arrived at long last. Chuck
Alston takes a look at the
yearbook on page 3.
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Volume 85, Issue No. 106 ( (
TT
Monday, March 20, 1978, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Please call us: 933-0245
Honor Code changes
now before Chancellor
Warm
Today will be partly cloudy
and mild with the high in the
mid 60s and the low in the
40s. There is a 20 percent
chance of rain.
'"f jI
..Mi, j
4IH
V
HEW cutoff of f uncis
may start today; UNC
requests more time
By HOWARD TROXLER
Staff Writer
The federal government will begin proceedings to cut off up to $89
million annually in federal funds to UNC unless an agreement
concerning a new desegregation plan for the 16-campus system is
reached today.
However, UNC officials have reportedly asked HEW Secretary
Joseph Califano for an extension of the agreement deadline.
Califano is to announce his decision today.
If no extension is granted and no agreement is reached, HEW has
the authority to begin a review of UNC programs to determine how
much funding federal officials can withdraw.
UNC President William C. Friday expressed doubt Sunday that
an agreement would be reached before the deadline today.
"The status of the negotiations has not changed since last week,"
Friday said.
The main area of disagreement between HEW and' UNC is the
federal requirement that unnecessary duplication of programs in
adjacent black and white schools be eliminated.
Under the HEW criteria for an acceptable desegregation plan,
academic programs at white institutions would be eliminated in
order to upgrade similar programs at nearby black institutions.
UNC officials, including Friday, argue that the HEW requirement
infringes on state control of the University system.
Even if no extension is granted and HEW begins cutoff
proceedings, it may be months before the effects are felt, Raymond
Dawson, UNC vice president for academic affairs, said Sunday.
Dawson said HEW will have to review the entire UNC system
program-by-program to determine which area of funding should be
cut. "It could take a long time," he said.
UNC has tentatively hired the law firm of Fulbright and Jaworski
to represent the University in dealing with the federal government.
The firm's senior partner, Leon Jaworski, was head of the Watergate
investigation team.
See HEW on page 1.
' - M '. 5 'ij mm st' A-: 1 V J J-MM
MmMui:. f-..
j
The mirror of a motorcycle parked on Franklin Street catches and reflects the image
of a passerby. The unidentified man, ignoring recent warm weather that afforded
many a chance to sunbathe, zips his jacket. Staff photo by Billy Newman.
By DIANE NORMAN
Stuff Writer
The Faculty Council completed action on
proposed Honor Code changes Friday, approving
the remaining seven amendments to the
Instrument of Student Judicial Governance. The
amendments have already passed the Campus
Governing Council and await only the
chancellor's signature to be incorporated in the
instrument.
The council also voted to retain the present
pass-fail system. But a statement will be added to
the undergraduate bulletin warning students that
the use of the option in some courses may hamper
their attempts to enter certain graduate schools.
Under the present pass-fail system, students
may declare a course pass-fail on or before the
final course drop date. Students may take no more
than seven hours of pass-fail credit in a single
semester.
Specific responsibilities for students under the
Honor Code are outlined in the first amendment
adopted by the council Friday.
Responsibilities of students include:
Conducting all academic work "within the
letter and spirit of the Honor Code" and
consulting with the faculty and other sources to
clarify the meaning of plagiarism and proper
methods of attribution.
Signing an honor pledge on all graded
academic work.
Complying with faculty regulations designed
to curb cheating and reporting any reasonable
suspicion that a student has given or received
unauthorized aid in graded work.
Cooperating with the office of the student
attorney general or defense counsel in the
investigation or trial of any alleged Honor Code
violation.
I n January, the council approved a set of faculty
responsibilities to be included in the faculty
handbook. The responsibilities include:
Informing students at the beginning of each
course that the Honor Code is in effect and
defining plagiarism.
Requiring students to sign the honor pledge
and taking steps within the physical limitations of
the classroom to prevent cheating.
Avoiding reuse of exams unless all students
have access to copies of the exams and being
present in the classroom during examinations as
the instructor deems necessary.
Reporting alleged Honor Code infractions
and cooperating in the investigation and trial of
any alleged violation.
Other amendments to the instrument include:
Making suspension the "normative sanction"
for a student's first academic offense.
Extending the minimum length of an
indefinite suspension.
Creating the position of Honor Code
counselor.
Eliminating the so called "rat clause" from
the instrument.
For pre-college private schools
Bell believes tax ctedits unconstitutional
By TERRI HUNT
Staff Writer
Attorney General Griffin Bell Saturday
said he believes a Senate bill to provide
tuition tax credits for university students to
parents with children in private elementary
and secondary schools is unconstitutional.
The proposed tax credit plan would allow
parents to shave their federal income taxes
by up to $500 a year for each child in a
private school charging tuition.
But in a letter to HEW Secretary Joseph
Califano, who questioned the
constitutionality of the bill, Bell said "tuition
tax credits of the sort contemplated would be
held unconstitutional" because of
constitutional guarantees of separation of
church and state.
Continued grants and tax credits at the
college level would be constitutional because
non-public higher education is felt by the
Justice Department to be less "pervasively
sectarian," Bell said.
The Carter administration, which opposes
tax credits as a means of subsidizing higher
education, has sent a substitute $1.5 billion
student aid bill to the Senate designed to help
middle-income families send their children
to college.
Stan Broadway, executive director of the
N.C. Educational Assistance Authority, said
Sunday he favors the overall financial aid ,
plan proposed by Carter.
"The student needs financial aid at the
time he enrolls," Broadway said. "The tax
credit wouldn't come until a year after the
student enrolls, so they (the student's
parents couldn't use it as a deduc tion "Until
the next year.
"In Bell's statement, I think he is
expressing the administration's view,"
Broadway said.
The bill, as proposed by the president,
would extend Basic Educational
Opportunity Grant eligibility to students
with family incomes as much as $25,000,
increase funding of supplemental grants and
college woTk-study programs and make
families with incomes up to $45,000 eligible
for guaranteed loans with interest subsidized
by the government while the student is in
college.
Carter's proposals have met stiff
opposition in Congress. Along with the tax
credit bill, which was approved by the Senate
Finance Committee, the Senate Human
Resources Committee has approved a bill
similar to Carter's but with some changes.
The tax credit bill approved by the finance
committee Feb. 23 would allow a $250 credit
for college and vocational school tuitions in
the next two years. After Aug. 1, 1980, it
would permit credits of up to $500 for
parochial and private school tuitions as well
as for college arid vocational school costs.
Carter's proposal for a $250 grant for
every college student from a family whose
income is between $16,000-$25,000 per year
was changed by the Senate Human
Resources Committee. Instead, the
committee tied the size of the grant to family
income.
Another of Carter's proposals the Senate
altered includes raising the interest subsidy
of the Guaranteed Student Loan Program
from the current $30,000 to $45,000 a year,
before taxes. The subsidy program allows
the federal government to pay the interest on
such loans while students are in college and
would guarantee payment of the loan to
prevent possible losses to lenders through
default.
Recent Senate action took away the
interest subsidy ceiling of $45,000. This
presents a problem, a Carter aide said,
because more students will become eligible
for aid.
All Senate action to change Carter's
proposals, especially the tax credit bill, is
strongly opposed by the administration.
Last month, when Carter revealed his
$12.9 billion master educjtipn plan-for 1979,
he made no concrete proposals to aid private
school students. The president reiterated his
opposition to congressional efforts to give
tuition tax credits.
The Justice Department based its opinion
on two Supreme Court cases in which states
sought to reimburse or provide tax relief to
the parents of children attending private
schools.
Quoting from one decision. Assistant
Attorney General John Harmon wrote that a
statute "must be one that neither advances
nor inhibits religion (and) must not foster an
excessive entanglement with religion.
"Tax credits (would) have a primary
purpose of benefiting parents of children
attending sectarian, non-public schools,"
Harmon said.
Symposium panel to view
American, Soviet media
By CAM JOHNSON
Staff Writer
Two journalists and a former member
of the U.S. State Department will speak
at 8 tonight in Memorial Hall as part of
the Carolina Symposium.
Abraham Brumberg, Robert Kaiser
and Hedrick Smith, the three
participants, will conduct a panel,
discussion on the prevailing views of the
mass media in the United States and the
Soviet Union today.
Kaiser, author of the 1976 bestseller
Russia: The People and the Power, has
worked in several capacities for The
Washington Post since 1963. From 1971
74 he was chief of the Post's Moscow
bureau, winning the Overseas Press
Club's prize for best foreign
correspondence in 1974. He is now on the
national staff of the Post.
Smith, presently Washington bureau
chief for the New York Times, is author
of the bestselling book The Russians.
Smith won the Pulitzer Prize in 1974 for
his Moscow coverage and is co-author of
The Pentagon Papers.
Brumberg worked for the U.S. State
Department from 1952-1970 and edited
Problems of Communism, an analytical
publication of the U.S. Information
Agency, from 1956-1970.
Brumberg joined the panel in place of a
representative of the Soviet Union, Y. N.
Zassoursky, dean of the Moscow State
University School of Journalism and a
Tass representative. Zassoursky canceled
due to unforeseen work demands.
The opening statements in the
discussion will concern:
The nature of news.
State versus commercial control of
mass media.
The extent to which the media create
a society in their own imgae in each
country.
The manner in which foreign affairs
are covered in the United States and the
Soviet Union.
The underground press in the United
States and Soviet Union.
Difference in access to information
in the two countries.
More than half of dorm rent
pays for housing services
By ELIZABETH MESSICK
Staff Writer
More than half of the dormitory rent paid
by UNC students is spent on salaries, wages
and benefits for the UNC housing
department a"nd other departments.
According to a chart prepared by the UNC
Department of Housing, 47.1 percent of a
dorm resident's rent is paid to residence,
housekeeping and maintenance workers.
This accounts for between $118 and $137 of
each resident's rent payment. The amount
varies according to the residence hall in
which the student lives.
An additional 7.2 percent, or between $18
and $21 per person, is paid into staff benefits.
Nuclear power plant
opponents free 700
balloons to make point
By TONY MACE
Staff Writer
NEW HILL Opponents of the $4.2
billion Shearon H arris N uclear Power Plant
released 700 balloons from the plant's
soutnwest Wake County construction site
Sunday to demonstrate the path of radiation
in the event of a major accident.
"We are concerned about the effect of the
continuous low-level radiation which the
plant will emit." said David Birkhead.
an organizer for the K udzu Alliance Citizens
Against Shearon Harris demonstration.
A University of California study found
that prolonged exposure to low-level
radiation increases the chances of leukemia
and other cancers, Birkhead said.
"Hopefully, the balloons will help more
people realie the possible effects the plant
will have on their lives," he said Each
balloon has a postcard attached with
information about Shearon Harris and
K.udu Alliance.
See BALLOONS on pnge 2.
Benefits, which must be paid to all state
employees, include social security, medical
insurance and workmen's compensation.
One-eighth of all salaries, wages and
compensation benefits is paid to physical
plant and campus security employees.
The next largest expenditure, 19.9 percent
of rent receipts, goes for utilities. Utilities
account for between $50 and $57 of each
resident's rent payment.
Retirement of building debts accounts for
1 1.2 percent of a dorm resident's rent. This
money is used for payments on the 40-year
bonds used to finance the building of new
dormitories. H inton James, the newest dorm
on campus, was completed in 1968 and will
be paid for in the year 2008.
Four other categories of expenditures
comprise the remaining 15 percent of the
housing budget.
Supplies and materials are 3. 1 percent of
the budget and include maintenance,
housekeeping and office supplies.
Furniture and equipment expenditures,
which amount to between $5.50 and $6.50
per resident or 2.2 percent of a rent bill, buy
furniture for dorm rooms, common areas
and offices and service vehicles for use by the
housing department.
Repairs and maintenance costs for
buildings t and equipment constitute 6.5
percent of housing expenditures.
The balance of the budget goes to
communication expenses such as telephones
and postage, printing and binding costs for
housing publications, data processing and
insurance policies held by the department.
According to the housing department 90.3
percent of all housing-related funds comes
from room rent. An as yet undisclosed rent
increase has been announced by the housing
department for the 1978-79 year.
Other rental income is received from
groups at filiated with the University during
the summer and from departmental
investment.
; . :$t !.;"
t P& f t T3 , k If! r tf
Hi yPi' T i hw
I m "filial 't y
VW s-.ii W JAMaWcsdm pxt, ivjarth.
it1 hvr,
Pi
S 1 f
... .v.....j.-JuWimtonlfy.1r.v.w
Couture's "The Enrollment of the Volunteers of point, a cannon-mounted diety, is almost anti-
1792" (above) is a good example of a less-than- climactic. Gorot's "Girl With a Pink Shawl" marks a
successful sketch which is nonetheless departure for the artist, a specialist in landscape,
instructional. The action on the fringes of the Staff photos by Billy Newman.
painting is energy-charged, but the purported focal .
Ackland shows 19th century French sketches
By MELANIE MODLIN
Staff Writer
' The Frenchman Diderot once remarked that
the sketch is more interesting than the finished
work of art. Had he lived to see the current exhibit
at the Ackland Museum, "French 19th Century
Oil Sketches: David to Degas," he might have
tacked on a string of exclamation marks to his
statement.
The exhibit, organi?ed by Ackland curator
John M. Wisdom, is remarkable not only for its
breadth every major French artist of the period
is represented but for the quality of the
paintings as well.
A i the start of the cent ur . Jacques-l ouis David
and his followers, the Neoclassicisis, saw the
sketch as one minor step toward the finished
product. As an example, the supple, emotion
tinged face in David's "Head of Andromache,"
captured in rather floaty brushwork, would
assume a highly-finished look in the final version,
with virtually no trace of the artist's hand.
Mr. Wisdom, in his preface to the exhibit
catalogue, terms the 19th century the "period of
sketch-finish conflict." This label is extremely
appropriate if one compares the work of the
Neoclassicisis against the paintings of the
Romantic and Barbizon artists Gericault,
Delacroix, Rousseau.
The latter enjoyed the exhilirating freedom a
sketch could provide. Unlike David, they began
patterning their finished works on sketches, a
move which was to jolt the French public. A look
at Delacroix's "Sketch for the Battle of Poitiers"
reveals its striking similarity to later finished
woiks bv the same artist; both contain energetic
brushwork which vibrates before one's eyes.
The belief in the aesthetic worth of the sketch
reached its zenith in the work of Manet and Degas,
also represented at the Ackland. These two,
finding their greatest success in the loose,
unrestricted realm of Impressionism, brought the
concepts of finish and sketch to an even closer
union.
A look at Degas' portrait of his younger
brother, "Achille de Gas," demonstrates how
"complete" a sketch can be, and how several well
drawn lines can create a whole work of art.
Clearly the artist devotes most of his attention
to the subject's face, which is skillfully rendered.
For more minor details, such as the pants, one or
two outlines suffice.
The Ackland exhibit, besides presenting a wide
variety of artistic techniques, provides a good
basic education in the many functions a sketch can
serve. Sometimes it is a testing ground for the
artist's ideas, and sometimes it is not too
successful.
Gros' "Study for the Pesthouse at Jaffa" shows
just how much the artist relied ori sketches for
developing the finished product. The rather
subdued amber palette in the study is replaced by
bright color and dramatic lighting effects in the
final version. The action is also transported from a
murky cell (in the sketch) to an exotic mosque
type affair with lofty atches.
The human figure in the study are often so
loosely drawn as to be indistinguishable from the
room's furnishings. Gros sharpens these images in
the final product, bringing his free-wheeling
brushstrokes into submission as if he were
adjusting some magical tine-tuning button.
See ART on page 4.