Mm
A
c
V
o
Wot it ba
Mostly cloudy with a 50 per;
cent chance of rain by after
noon. High of 73; low tonight
of 48.
Battle of the beers
Want to test your taste buds?
Saturday's Beer Review will
give you a chance. See the
details on page 2. '
A
S3
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Volume Issuaffi
Friday, October 23, 1S31
Chapel Hi!!, North Carolina
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Natio nwide Mudy to Jfe. graduate p to grams
By ELAINE McCLATCHEY
DTH Staff Wrtter-
The reputations of about 30 of the University's
graduate programs will be put to the test this
Spring when the Conference Board of Associated
Reseach Councils releases a nationwide study
ranking the country's top graduate programs.
Lyle Jones, the policy chairman for the up
coming study and former dean of the University's
graduate school, said the goal of the new study was
not to rank individual disciplines but to evaluate
the programs on several levels. These levels in
cluded the quality of the professors and the pro
gram as judged by other professors in the same dis
cipline, the number of grants and fellowships a
vailable in a program and the success rate of stu
dents after they receive their degrees.
. The University fared well in past reports in 1966
and 1971. In the Roose-Anderson report, a similar
study released in 1971 by the American Council on
Education, nine of approximately 30 University
programs that were rated placed in the top 20 in
the category of "stong and distinguished faculty."
About 130 institutions were involved in the survey.
Those placing in the highest category for faculty
quality were: classics-5th, English-12th, French-
14th, music-14th, history-16th, political science
10th, sociology-7th, botany-12th and population
biology-17th. The University had 10 other dis
ciplines in the second highest category, and one
discipline placing in the third highest category.
The major focus of the Roose-Anderson survey ,
was on rating a graduate program in two areas
faculty quality and effectiveness of the program.
Professors from across the nation were asked to
participate in the survey. The results were listed in
three major categories with the top category of
faculty quality broken into individual rankings for
the top 20 universities.
But, despite the University's success in past
studies, many department chairmen expressed con
cern over the validity of numbered rankings based
on surveys from outside professors.
Jones said past studies had not included objec
tive data such as available grants and student suc
cess rates.
The method for rating the quality of the faculty
and program is essentially the. same except this
year's survey listed the professors for each school
so the professors who were rating could be sure
who was at the university, Jones said.
Still, even with this tightening of the design of
the study, department chairmen had reservations
about the survey. The chairmen said they thought
the rankings could point out strong departments
but they did not feel the rankings could appraise
one department above another accurately.
R. Don Higginbotham, chairman of the history
department, said he was pleased with the past
rankings of the history department.
Higginbotham said it was difficult to judge a de
partment accurately based on the opinions of pro
fessors who may or may not really know the de
partment. '
"It's hard for me to have an opinion of the Har
vard history department," Higginbotham said,
adding that since he had concentrated in American
history, he also had reservations about trying to
rate all areas of another department.
The rankings do point out the institutions with
potential, but a good researcher is not always a
good teacher, Higginbotham said.
Chairman of the classics department, Phillip
Stadter, said the ranking of departments was a
chancy business.
"It's a very subjective evaluation," Stadter said.
"Sort of like saying who's going to win the foot
ball game."
The classics department was ranked fifth in the
Roose-Anderson study but, Stadter said the real
validity of the survey was not in the numbered
rankings. The study does point out where the
strong departments are, he said.
Stadter said he felt the most recent survey had a
much better design that past surveys but, there was
always the problem of outdated material. The first
part of the study is expected to be released this
Spring. The surveys were conducted in 1980. ,
Edward Montgomery, chairman of the depart
ment of romance languages, said he was proud-of
the fact that the French department had placed
14th in the earlier study. '
Montgomery said one- problem with the
rankings was that a professor would not really
know much about a department but would rely on
hearsay to make his judgments.
The ratings can be a reaction to something that
is not really that meaningful, Montgomery said. If
the rater hears that the top professors have left a
university, he will feel the quality of the faculty has
gone down without considering the fact that
equally good replacements have been found,
Montgomery said.
Montgomery said the internal and external
evaluations of a department, which include bring
ing in outside scholars to the University to judge
the program and self-evaluations, revealed more
about the success of a program.
Sociology department chairman John Kasarda
said he was delighted with his department's past
ranking of seventh in the Roose-Anderson study,
adding that he, was optimistic about this year's
results.
Kasarda said the survey was the best available
without going to a great expense. But Kasarda said
he did not see a "halo effect" in the rankings. De
partments in outstanding universities such as Har
vard or Berkeley sometimes get good rankings be
cause they are embedded in an institution with a
good reputation while lesser known universities
with good programs may be ignored, he said.
Renee Hoover, assistant to the dean of the
graduate school, coordinated the collection of data
campuswide.
Hoover said raters were selected at each level
full professor, associate professor and assistant
professor and asked to rank the programs of
other schools. Hoover said she felt the study was
the best national survey in design because it at
tempted to look beyond the judgments of profes
sors to quantitative, information. But she added
she understood whey some professors were wary
of the study.
mow i chimmey weejn
By RANDY WALKER
DTH Staff Writer
What does a journalism major do after
graduation, when he wants to stay in
-Chapel Hill, but the local job market is
tight?
He becomes a chimney sweep.
At least that's what David Pence, who
bills himself as Sixpence Chimney Sweeps '
Ltd., did after he graduated from UNC
last year.
"They talk about paying your dues,
but I was not interested in starting out as
a cub reporter in Beaufort, N.C. The
point of this is to get liquid. Chimney
sweeping is a wonderful way to make
money for the future."
Pence had also considered joining the
Navy, but after he met Jane,: his girl-:
friend, seven-month cruises didn't look
too appealing, be said.
But . personal considerations aside,
sweeping chimneys has some advantages
over scrubbing decks on an aircraft car
rier or writing obituaries for the Gastonia
Gazette.
"It's nice to be independent. It's fun. I
like the idea of a top hat, and I have some
tails from my grandfather."
Wearing his top hat and sometimes his
tails, Pence drives to his jobs in a black
Ford pickup with ladders sticking out the
. back.
"Depending on the truck, you can in
vest $5,000 (in equipment) if you want. I
had a lot of tools already ball peene
hammer, wire brushes. The system' I got
was something like $1,500."
The "system" included fiberglass rods,
brushes and an industrial-strength
vacuum cleaner, Pence said.
Once he had the "System," Pence had
to learn the trade. There was no family
tradition to pass down; his father is a
speech professor here. So, like a good
Carolina student, Pence hit the books!
"I researched. I got some books on
chimney-sweeping and some trade maga
zines. You gotta diagnose and know all
about chimneys the actual cleaning is
only part of it.
"With a chimney, (how much it needs
cleaning) depends on how much you
burn. If you burn heavily, once a year.
With wood stoves, once or twice a sea
son." Armed with his chimney-sweeping
books and the "System," Pence took out
a Kalf-page ad in the Yellow Pages and set"
up a business phone in his home. He was
president and chairman of the board and
Jane was the secretary. But he soon
found the official life too restricting.
"If you get into it with a phone, you're
pretty much committed to it full-time.
Now I'm working mostly for the Stove
Works (Rt. 54 East) so I don't have to
hassle with the phone."
While the people at the Stove Works
take his calls and leave messages, Pence
pursues his other career, waiting tables at
La Residence Restaurant on Rosemary
Street.
. "Generally, sweeping chimneys pro
vides a second income. It's a career only
See SWEEP on page 3
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David Pence, $ UNC graduate, of Sixpence Chimney
; ... 'A Clean Chimney is a Safe Chimney,' fun and
DTHJay Hyman
Sweeps Ltd.
independent
Firms looking at non-business majors
By KEN MINGIS
DTH StafT Writer'
Because of the scarcity of jobs, increas
ingly higher numbers of students have
come to UNC planning to major in a
business-related field during the past few
years. But, employers are looking for more
than just business majors, Pat Carpenter
of the University Placement Services, said
this week.
There are many types of jobs that
don't require specialized business
courses, he said. What more enlightened
employers want are good college
students; broadly educated people.
Carpenter said that students should
take a broader number of courses, and
not just concentrate on business as a way
of getting a job.
"A lot of people would rather major in
something like English or psychology,
but get frightened away," she said. "The
only difference is that business majors
have a little more experience."
Carpenter said she had pointed out to
employers that they tended to look for
only business students in the past.
But, the situation is changing, she said.
"They (employers) are looking at
things differently now," she said. "Some
have told me they plan to include people
from all backgrounds in their schedule of
interviews (of students)."
Several economics and business profes
sors said they felt too much emphasis was
placed on business-oriented majors.
"There is sentiment that we are basic
ally overselling the business-type major,"
said Richard Cramer, an adviser in the
general college.
"We realize I here is u mhi. demand
for these majors, but students are major
ing in areas they don't really want,"
Cramer said. "Some students detest their
major."
The number of declared economics and
industrial relations majors has quadrupl
ed since 1975, said Robbie Hassell, chair
man of the Academic Procedures Com
mittee. The committee also is looking at
the overcrowding problem, he said.
The desire for a good job has been
blamed for the rapid rise of students
entering the business school and majoring
in economics or industrial relations.
v "If you had asked what conditions
would be like, no one would have believ
ed the overcrowding," said John Walker,
assistant to the dean of the business
school. "The rise has occurred over the"
last six years."
Hassell said his committee would be
looking for ways to reduce student senti
ment for getting into business-oriented
majors.
"We're going to have to try to change
students' perceptions," Hassell said.
"They come here with their parents tell
ing them to major in business so they
(students) can get a good job."
But, shifting the emphasis . from
business to other areas of study will take a
while, Carpenter said.
' "It will help to some extent, but the
economy doesn't look like it will get any
better," she said. "And remember, this ,
isn't just at North Carolina. It's happen
ing at other schools, too."
"I think students should also
remember that UNC is a liberal arts
school, not just a business school,"
Walker said.
"The business school obviously has its
place around here, but it shouldn't be.
dominant at a liberal arts school,". Car
mer said. "
.Ecninmi majors n ttie rie
By KEN MINGIS
DTH Staff Writer .
In an. effort to deal with a rising number of majors, the
economics department has asked Arts and Sciences Dean
Samuel Williamson to reallocate faculty and resources to main
tain the quality of education, said Richard Cramer, a member of
a task force set up by Williamson to look into the problem.
"The major thrust of the recommendation is to try to get
faculty members who could teach a number of economics
courses," Cramer said.
limiting economics courses to majors, and instituting a
minimum grade point average for the. department were also
possible alternatives brought up at an Arts and Sciences faculty
meeting, said Robbie Hassell, chairperson of the Academic
Policy Committee of Student Government.
The meeting was called to discuss what the economics depart
ment can do in response to the inflow of students caused by
tighter Business School requirements, Hassell said.
"Because of the change in their (the business school) admis
sion requirements, a lot of students are changing their majors
from business to economics or industrial relations," Hassell
said..
Since the spring of 1975, the number of economics majors has
risen from 102 to 468, he said. .
"The faculty is getting upset, because they can't teach
anything but the core courses," Hassell said. "The average
number of students in the general college economics classes is
228."
But, he said, no decision has been made yet as to what to do.
"The department is waiting to see what the dean's response is
to the request for more resources," said Helen Tauchen, an
economics professor.
"It is a real problem," she said. "Students who have just
declared themselves economics majors are worried over whether
they'll have to take five years to get through the courses."
Hassell said there was some concern about allocating addi
tional resources to economics courses because the overcrowding
may only be a temporary problem.
"Doing that would be a long range solution to what wold turn
out to be a short term rise in students," he said.
An overload of students was an important consideration in
the business school's response to the same problem, John
Walker, assistant to the dean of the business school, said.
"Merely because, there is an economic pressure that draws
students to the business school, that doesn't mean you change
the character of the whole school," Walker said. .
"The time will come when the emphasis will shift back (to
other areas, away from business)," Walker said.
Cramer said that he did not feel the economics curriculum
itself needed revision.
"We're generally satisfied with it," he said.
Narrowing the gap
et imndeirway
The Associated Press .
CANCUN, Mexico President Ron
ald Reagan gave conditional approval
Thursday to negotiations intended to nar
row the gap between the world's richest
and poorest nations but also defended the
U.S. "track record of success in interna
tional economics.
Reagan's remarks at the opening of the
North-South summit conference of 22
nations in this Yucatan Peninsula resort
were the first indication since he arrived
here Wednesday that his administration
would take part in the global negotiations
favored by many of the participants.
But he said the talks must be based on
four essential understandings.
The historic two-day conference was
opened by Mexican President Jose Lopez
Portillo, the host, who criticized the cur
rent world economic order as unjust and
unfair.
Reagan, saying "words are cheap,"
and ''cooperative action is needed and
needed now," urged low-income coun
tries to develop their markets and exports
not by weakening the system that has
served everyone so well, but by improving
it.
The four points the president identified
for participation in global negotiations
were:
The talks should be oriented toward
specific areas including liberalizing trade
regulations, energy and food develop
ment and improving the investment
climate.
The talks should not seek to create
new international institutions but should
recognize the competence, functions and
powers of existing international agencies.
They should be aimed at achieving
greater international economic growth
that would benefit all while taking into
account domestic economic policies.
They should be held in a cooperative
atmosphere, "rather than one in which
views becom epolarized and chances for
agreement are needlessly sacrificed.
"If these understandings are accepted,
then the U.S. would be willing to engage
hi a hew preparatory process to see what
may be achieved," Reagan said, suggest
ing that representatives of the 22 nations
confer informally in the future about the
process.
Reagan, who spoke in private to the.
delegates and whose text was then made
available by the White House, also
outlined the U.S. policy toward interna
tional economic development.
"The program deals not in flashy new
gimmicks, but in substantive fundamen
tals with a track record of success," he
said. "It rests on a coherent view of
what's essential to development name
ly political freedom and economic oppor
tunity." Reagan used the term global negotia
tions only in the context of a quotation
from a communique that ended a con
ference of the seven major industrial
See CANCUN on page 2 .
Orange County-farmers
relieved after Mouse vote
By LAURA SEIFERT
DTH Staff Writer
Tobacco producers breathed a sigh
of relief after the federal tobacco price
support program survived in a 231-184
U.S. House of Representatives vote
Wednesday.
"The program has been given a se
cond life," said Dave Warren, asso
ciate agricultural extension agent for
Orange County.
Warren said he had felt the recent
challenge by Congress to kill the sup
port program coming.
"In the past several years people
have been crying wolf (with regard to
the program)," he said. The time for
Congress to address the issue had been
drawing closer.
Lobbyists headed by North Caro-"
linians worked intensively to keep the
price supports alive. Tobacco is the
only non-food, non-fiber product
which still is federally subsidized.
"Had the amendment passed and
the federal program been killed, "we
would have seen) tobacco moving out
of this area," Warren said.
Now, with the continuation of fed
eral support, small tobacco farmers,
as well as large producers, can con
tinue to produce the crop.
In Orange County last year, 2,680
acres of tobacco were planted. The
average yield was 1,682 pounds per
acre, making the total yield 4,525,693
pounds at a price of $6,606,782. War
ren said this total ranked tobacco pro
duction second only to the production
of Grade A milk among agricultural
products in Orange County.
There are some large tobacco pro
ducers in the area, but Warren said
most of them were in the northwestern
part of the county. Fifty to seventy
five acres is considered by Warren to
be one of the area's larger farms.
"There are quite a number of to
bacco farmers in the county," he said.
"But (we are) not one of your largest
of the tobacco-producing counties." .
"I was scared there for a while,"
said farmer Jim Riley.
Riley and his father work three
acres of tobacco in Orange County.
"If they'd cut (supports) out,
there'd have been so many people on
unemployment, that you'd end up
spending more in taxes on welfare
(than on price supports)," Riley said.
Riley said that on allotment, the
three acres that he and his father have,
produce about 5,600 pounds of tobac- .
co annually.
Warren said he did not feel that the
price support controversy was over.
"I think we can pretty well expect
that this will be an issue again," he
said. Some kind of compromise will
have to be reached before the issue
will be settled. ,
There will have to be some altering
of the program, like reducing costs in
some of the program's controversial
areas, Warren said.
The six states involved in the Flue
cured Tobacco Stabilization Corpora
tion (Alabama, Florida, Georgia,
North Carolina, South Carolina and
Virginia) will play a big role in settling
the issue.
"We're going to have to give some
and take some," Warren said. "The
general structure of the tobacco pro
gram has got to exist to make it a
thriving commodity of this area."