(
i
Comfortably numb
There might be a nip in the air
this morning, but highs should
reach 60 today, before returning
to a paralyzing 35 tonight.
Copyngn, 1984 r Hw
Election impact
A panel of distinguished black
scholars will discuss the effects
of the elections for blacks and
minorities tonight at 7:30 in
Carroll 106.
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Volume 92, Issue 85
Wednesday, November 1 4, 1 984 Chapel Hill. North Carolina
NewsSportsArts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising 962-1163
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Nicaragua in state of alert
U. S. officials still denying plans for invasion
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A job 'well-done'
Mike 'Fat Back' McClure is silhouetted against the November sky as he hammers away yesterday on the
roof of a new Western Steer Family Steak House being built on U.S. 15-501 south of Chapel Hill.
U. S. Supreme
By ANDY TRINCIA
Staff Writer
President Reagan may have the
opportunity to appoint five U.S.
Supreme Court justices in his second
term, making the court even more
conservative than it already is, Daniel
Pollitt, Kenan Professor of Law, said
Monday.
"I'm here to talk about what the
Supreme Court did last year. And it's
going to get worse. Five of the justices
are over 75 and everyone expects
Reagan to make his mark on the court.
Divestment plans:
By ANDY MILLER
Staff Writer
The colleges and universities that
have adopted moderate divestment
plans use them as a tool to foster change
in South Africa, said a representative
of an investment research group.
Anne Newman of the Investor
Responsibility Research Center in
Washington, D.C., said recently that
more than 20 colleges and universities
have adopted policies of divestment.
Some institutions have removed all of
their investments in companies that do
business in South Africa. But most
institutions, she said, use the implied
threat of removing investments while
monitoring the progress of these com
panies in promoting social change in
South Africa.
"Most (institutions') plans have a
phased process of divestment," New
man said. "They try to get companies
to meet these standards. They do it more
through dialogue .... They put com
panies on notice as to what is acceptable
to them.
"They use the powers of a shareholder
to pressure companies to meet min
imum standards of corporate respon
sibility (in South Africa)."
The apartheid government in South
Africa, with its discrimination and
A
Court may continue in its
If you're liberal, you worry about the
Supreme Court," Pollitt said. His
speech was part of Human Rights
Week, sponsored by the Campus Y.
"The Supreme Court is going to move
further to the Tight. Sandra Day
O'Connor is as far right as you can be.
Justices are appointed by the president
with consent of the Senate. The Senate
is more liberal than the last Senate and
it might be able to put opposition to
a neanderthal appointed by Reagan,"
Pollitt said.
oppression of non-whites, has led many
U.S. organizations - including state and
city governments, foundations and
churches as well as universities to
formulate plans to monitor or remove
investments in companies that do
business in South Africa.
Newman said most of the moderate
divestment plans call for the monitoring
of corporate activity along the guide
lines established by the Sullivan Prin
ciples. These principles, signed by 130
of the 350 U.S. corporations doing
business in South Africa, set guidelines
for corporations to promote equal
wages and opportunity in their factories
in South Africa.
At UNC, several student organiza
tions recently have renewed the call for
the University to divest UNC Endow
ment funds from companies that do
business in South Africa. .
The Endowment Board of Trustees
in an April, 1983 statement said that
while it deplored apartheid, it would not
change the, board's basic investment
policy of its $67 million endowment.
The statement said, "The primary
charge of the Endowment Trustees is
to maximize risk-adjusted investment
returns for the charitable purposes of
the University community, and we do
not think divestiture is consistent with
small man can be
OTH Charles Ledford
"In two years the numerical odds in
the Senate will favor the Democrats.
In his last two years, Reagan will be
a lameduck. Columnist Tom Wicker's
message is for the two liberal justices
to 'hang in there.' It may not be as bad
as we feared then," Pollitt said.
But Pollitt said that although the
Nixon Administration had two
Supreme Court nominations rejected,
it was not likely Reagan's appointments
would be challenged in the Senate.
"I think presidents are often surprised
Many colleges and universities now take
moderate action against apartheid system
that responsibility."
Chancellor Christopher C. Fordham
said recently that the Endowment
Board arrived at that decision after
lengthy study and a public hearing on
the matter. Wayne Jones, associate vice
chancellor for finance, said the Univer
sity did not invest in any companies with
headquarters in South Africa, or in any
banks that had loans outstanding to the
South African government.
The University, Jones said, monitors
U.S. companies doing business in South
Africa through the consulting firm
Cambridge Associates of Boston,
Mass., which receives information on
corporate activity in South Africa
through the IRRC, a non-profit
research organization.
Newman said the divestment issue
was raised about 10 years ago on college
campuses, but university policies did
not begin to change until 1977-78 - after
the Soweto, South Africa, riots of June
1976, in which more than 100 blacks
were killed while protesting the govern
ment's education policies.
One of the first universities to divest
completely was Michigan State Univer
sity in 1978. Nancy Elliott Craig,
director of investments and trusts at
Michigan State, said in a telephone
interview that the university with its
just as exhausted as a great man. Arthur Miller
From Associated Press reports
MANAGUA, Nicaragua Nicara
gua deployed tanks and armored
vehicles throughout the capital Monday
and mobilized the army, reserves and
militia in a nationwide alert declared
against a feared U.S. invasion.
The Nicaraguan government has
repeatedly charged that the United
States was planning an invasion of the
country. The state of alert was declared
"given the gravity of the threats of
military aggression against our coun
try," said a Defense Ministry commu
nique read over Voice of Nicaragua
radio.
The ministry "has ordered in all
national territory a state of alert to all
permanent combat units of land, sea
and air, and to the units of the reserves
and to those of the Popular Sandinista
Militia," the communique said.
But Secretary of State George Shultz
said from Brazil that Nicaraguan
leaders were trying to "whip up their
own population" by raising fears of an
invasion, and denied any U.S. invasion
plans.
"There is nothing in the planning or
His puts
By KEVIN WASHINGTON
Staff Writer
For CP. Ellis, the days of guilt are
long gone. His life, torn apart by mental
anguish, has regained some semblance
of normality. But 14 years ago, he lived
in a hell which very few have known.
At one time, he was Exalted Cyclops
(president) of a Durham County chap
ter of the Ku Klux Klan, preaching
hatred and religious intolerance.
Then, he left.
"That was one of the most trying
experiences I think IVe ever had in my
life I was, to say the least, extremely
sincere about my membership to the
Klan," Ellis said. At 57, Ellis has long
since hung up his robe for the casual
look, short-sleeved shirt and slacks. The
stocky, graying man has moved from
the far right to the far left,, now the
regional business manager for the
International Union of Operating
Engineers.
He tipped the swivel chair in his East
Durham office as he spoke between
deep drags on a cigarette.
"I had been outspoken in the city of
Durham, taking open positions on my
feelings before the city council, county
commission and the school boards," he
said. "We just simply made it clear to
those elected officials that we wasn't
interested in niggers having their rights
I was convinced that blacks were the
enemy."
But, in 1971, Ellis participated in a
school integration program sponsored
by the Department of Health, Educa
tion and Welfare. On the first day of
the program, he and Ann Atwater, a
black civil rights leader in the area, were
shift to right
by their appointments. More often than
not, however, I think they get what they
expect. It's very rare for the Senate to
reject an appointment. Reagan is not
going to make any liberal appoint
ments," he said.
The court's recent record on civil
rights has been disappointing, Pollitt
said.
"This Supreme Court, in the area of
human rights, is not a champion. The
court is to the right and is moving
further to the right."
divestment policy "has done as well or
better (with its investments) than what
we were doing in 1978."
The Standard & Poor's Top 500
stocks had a total return from May 1982
to June 1984 of 55.9 percent, Craig said.
Michigan State's portfolio, while not
investing in the U.S. companies that did
business in South Africa, increased 58.8
percent over the same period of time,
she said.
But Craig pointed out that if more
institutions divested, the competition
for the best investments would increase.
"Then it will be more difficult for us
to do well," she said.
She said that 60 percent of the
companies listed on the major stock
exchanges did business in South Africa.
"Everybody who adopts a South
Africa-free policy will be vying for 40
percent of all companies," Craig said.
"A large number of companies have
adopted the Sullivan Principles," she
said. "It's not so easy just to pull out
(of South Africa) for those companies
.... The solution is to try to work for
change."
Meanwhile, the University of Mich
igan has challenged a state law that
requires its state-supported institutions
See DIVESTMENT on page 2
discussions of the United States govern
ment that would lay any basis for that,"
Shultz said after initial sessions of the
Organization of American States con
ference. "The fears of an invasion seem
to be self-induced on the part of
Nicaragua and based on nothing."
A Pentagon spokesman Tuesday
repeated the denial and said the United
States would provide assistance to El
Salvador and Honduras should they
face an invasion by Nicaragua.
Michael I. Burch, the Pentagon's
chief spokesman, said U.S. officials
"believe they (Nicaraguan officials) have
designs on their neighbors."
"We do believe that Nicaragua poses
a threat to the sovereignty" of El
Salvador and Honduras, Burch said. "If
our assistance is requested, we would
provide whatever is appropriate."
Burch refused to elaborate further
when asked if such assistance might
include the deployment of American
troops.
He acknowledged the Pentagon has
"no hard evidence" that Nicaragua
intends to invade any of its neighbors.
Klan days behind
"When I see people's rights being violated, it tears my ass
up, 'cause it does something inside of me and I can't rest
till do something about it. " - CP. Ellis
elected co-chairmen.
"When I was elected to the position,
I said, 'Hell, I can't work with that
gal,' " he said, but after a few days,
he had made up his mind to try.
"And it was during those 10 days that
a real social change began to take place
in my life. This was the first time in
my life that I had really sat down face
to face and listened to the problems of
black people.
"As I worked in this program, as I
heard black people relate some of the
problems and struggles for survival they
had gone through, immediately I began
to think of some of the problems and
struggles for survival I had had as a
low income white person and they
were identical."
By the time the program was over,
Ellis said his racial prejudice and
religious bigotry had disappeared. "I
was empty," he said. "Here I was 45,
absolutely stripped of everything I had
Courtyard's stores
offer an alternative
to shopping centers
By MARYMELDA HALL
Assistant Features Editor
Take an old milk processing plant,
add ingenuity, imagination and a little
renovation, and what do you get?
If you're Carol Ann Zinn, you get
The Courtyard.
Tucked away behind Pyewacket on
West Franklin Street, The Courtyard
offers shoppers an alternative to the
usual concrete malls.
Wooden benches line the brick
walkways and a roofed kiosk flutters
with announcements and tape. Store
front awnings lend a gracious air. Trees,
grass, flowers and statues create a park
like atmosphere.
Zinn first developed the idea for The
Courtyard on a trip to Northern
California, where she saw interesting
renovations of old buildings.
"The old milk processing plant, which
was built in 1945, was used by local
farmers as a dairy co-op," Zinn said.
There also was a little take-out shop
selling ice cream and hamburgers, she
said.
"We gutted the buildings and added
parts," she said. "Pyewacket's green
house used to be a loading dock."
The Courtyard opened in December
1979 and is still expanding. Shoppers
can find anything from French pastries
to haircuts to prints and graphics.
Indian clothes now have joined the
growing list.
"Le Pont features clothes with a
casual, natural look," said store
employee Clare McCamy. Silk shirts
and kimonos made by the owner and
brightly-colored cottons and linens line
the walls of the small shop.
Customers interested in a more
traditional look can drop by Fox Glove,
owned by Jame Dimmig. Fox Glove
specializes in sportswear, although it
does carry some dressier clothes.
"Fox Glove offers a classic look to
build a wardrobe on," said employee
Chris Fox. "We're very fabric
conscious."
The Courtyard also offers something
for the health conscious Harmony
Farms. Apples and pears attractively
displayed in baskets outside the store
But citing the continuing shipment of
Soviet arms and what he described as
Nicaragua's support of insurgents in El
Salvador, he added: "We just don't
think Nicaragua wants to be a peaceful
neighbor."
"The quantity and quality of weapons
entering Nicaragua is exceeding what
is necessary for defensive purposes,"
Burch said. "It's the overall arms
buildup that disturbs us."
Burch also acknowledged the United
States had no evidence that Nicaragua
has received sophisticated Soviet MiG
fighter planes. A fear of such shipments
recently prompted a special warning to
Nicaragua through diplomatic channels
from the Reagan administration.
The spokesman said Nicaragua's
military alert was "not warranted," and
dismissed suggestions the United States
was planning any military offensive
Burch also specifically denied the
United States had any plans to stop
freighters bound for Nicaragua or to
launch any type of aerial attack against
the country.
ever believed in.
"I never went back to the Klan. Didn't
have any need for them. I called the
vice president to come pick up the keys;
I wasn't going back."
But Ellis' life worsened. An oddity,
he was despised by former friends and
disliked by blacks and liberal whites.
"People I worked with everyday
wouldn't eat lunch with me," Ellis said.
"People in the community didn't want
to talk to me anymore because they
considered me a traitor, not necessarily
to the Klan, but to the white race.
"And in the area I live, eastern
Durham what I call a 'redneck'
community I still feel those rejections
every day, I can see them and feel
them ... I felt very, very lonesome."
For the ex-Klansman, the nightmare
was a long one. He consoled himself
with a fifth of liquor nightly.
See ELLIS on page 5
can tempt even the most avid junk food
junkies. But they might balk at some
of the other items: soy and artichoke
spaghetti and spices such as gota kola
powder, chaparral leaves and marsh
mallow root.
Harmony Farms also is a fairly new
addition to The Courtyard.
"We opened here November 12 of last
year," explained Lara Dean who, with
her husband Tom, owns Harmony
Farms.
"We were located across the street
where the Bike Shop is now," she said.
"We moved here, traffic is up, and we
were able to upscale a lot."
Dean is satisfied with the move. "The
Courtyard sets a real European mood,"
she said. She especially likes the closed,
community atmosphere and the
landscaping.
"There are lambs ears (plants) outside
the door," she said. "You can pet them
and they feel like lambs' ears. All year
long, flowers are blooming, and they
keep it up really well."
The Courtyard offers enrichment for
the mind as well as the body.
Bookends has used books, from
Voltaire to Vonnegut, piled from floor
to ceiling. Every available space is filled,
and the musty smell of old books fills
the small store. A well-worn rug attests
to customer traffic at Bookends, which
carries history, music, poetry, foreign
language and everything in between.
Zinn leases buildings to individual
shop owners, but said she encourages
them to decorate their stores creatively.
She wants The Courtyard to be more
than the typical shopping experience.
"To me, shopping is entertainment
and entertaining," she said. "I want to
provide a stimulating atmosphere with
lots of different things flowers, music,
visual differences."
Music is piped throughout The
Courtyard -- classical, jazz and some
times a little breakdance music.
"It's interesting to have so much
control over a project environment,"
Zinn said. "The Courtyard is definitely
an evolving thing."