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2The Daily Tar HeelThursday. February 28. 1985. Central America foFiim quiestioinis U role i'ditttr's tnc: Tiix week the Carolina Committee on Centra America has been sponsoring a series of discussions led hy frofcssors. students, activists, am religious leaders. The talks have focused on Central American social, economic, and political issues, and are designed to increase understanding of conditions in the region. The growth of modern agriculture in Central America may be the cause of the political unrest, poverty and vio lence in the region, a UNC faculty member who has visited the area said Tuesday. Joe Straley, a professor of physics and self-described political activist, said that although the gross national product and food production had risen in Central America during the past few years, most of the population did not benefit from these gains because the arable land of the region is owned by a handful of people. "Before this rise in modern agricul ture, food was grown by small subsist ence farmers who were not living particulary well, but getting by," he said. Farmers were gradually bought out by people who found it profitable to acquire large amounts of land and modern machinery to concentrate on growing large amounts of a single product, such as sugar cane and coffee. Small farmers who refused to sell their land were often tricked into giving it up, he said. "Through one means or another, relatively few people have gotten hold of the arable land in Central America," Straley said. "The people feel swindled, so they are easily led into revolution. If people are hungry and uneducated, there will be a revolution." One problem with modern agricul ture is that it encourages mass produc tion of a single product for exporting purposes, and these products are often not what the country's inhabitants need most, he said. "In Guatemala, one third of the arable land is used for raising sugar cane. The people can't live on sugarcane." He said the literacy rate of Central America outside Nicaragua, where the government has stressed education, was very low and little is being done to correct the problem. "It takes a long time to produce an educated class of people," he said. Straley said he was not sure that the recent decline in killings by right-wing death squads would last. "Although death squad deaths are down, the death squads are still active. This seems to correlate with the current U.S. Congres sional session," he said, referring to the ongoing debate over appropiation of funds to Central America. Straley praised the Sandinista govern ment of Nicaragua for being the only government in the region to make a serious effort to prosecute the radical members of the death squads and for the progress it has made in social and economic reform. He said the candi dates running for office in other Central American countries such as El Salvador and Guatelmala continuously promised to stop the violence in the region, but once elected, failed to take serious action to stop it. Straley, who visited Central America with a group of college faculty who call themselves "Faculty For Human Rights," met many prominent figures MAIM FOREVER 106 Henderson St. 2nd Floor Above Hector's 967-2887 967-2888 2 for 1 SPECIAL For the New Year we offer you a 2 for 1 special. Bring a friend with you to Hair Forever and the second cut is free. You and a friend can split the Regular Price of one haircut. Of, come in by yourself and get $3.00 off the price of a haircut. Offer with Selected Stylist Offer expires March 2, 1985 Please bring coupon -J Any Ettrg "Expires 3785 DHJVH2Y ONLY orb "Tl -CO I OFF two-iag6f3siitpizxa Expires 3785 DELEVEHY ONLY The pFoltessiioini m America. 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Housing and Merit Scholarships available THE INSTITUTE FOR PARALEGAL TRAINING Approved by the American Bar Association I Mail this coupon to: I Institute fhr Paralegal Traininc I 1926 Arch Street j Philadelphia, PA 19103 Please send a copy of your catalogue I Name , I Address I City Stf 7ip j College (VrofOrad) Phone ; (preent) (home) RUNC in Central America including Ei Sal vador President Jose Napoleon Duarte. Straley criticized the Reagan admin istration for supporting the Contras, the so-called "freedom fighters," who are trying to overthrow the Sandinista government. He said popular support for the government was proven by the overwhelming approval the people have given the Sandinistas in the last election. The recent election was different from elections in other Central America countries because it was truly legitimate and was approved by a U.N. committee, he said. -RACHEL STIFFLER No aid to Nicaragua Congress will reject further U.S. military aid to contras in Nicaragua, said UNC professor of physics Joe Straley, who spoke Wednesday in the Student Union as part of a series sponsored by the Carolina Committee on Central America. Straley, who traveled to Guatemala and El Salvador last month, studied votes in Congress concerning Central American issues. Out of the five key votes he tallied, 44 senators approved of U.S. intervention in Central America, 32 disapproved and 24 voted in a varied pattern, he said. In the House of Representatives, the votes were generally split down the middle over issues such as giving U.S. aid to the Nicaraguan contras. But 83 members voted inconsistently, and some new members had not yet voted at all, Straley said. I regard the swing voters as those who don't have a 100 percent cast-iron ideology toward Central America. The chances are better than 50-50 that the House will not approve aid to the contras," he said. Ashley Wells, a senior history major, outlined several issues during the discussion about the Reagan adminis tration's policy towards Central Amer ican aid. Congress must decide whether to pass the Bowlin Amendment, which would guarantee $14 million to Nica raguan contras. Several members of Congress are also concerned about contras receiving funds from private sources because the contras have a large amount of military equipment. Wells said. Finally, Reagan must decide whether to place American forces in Nicaragua to overthrow the Sandinista government, she said. JILL GERBER Committee to march About 500 North Carolinians will march on Fort Bragg March 21 to protest U.S. involvement in Nicaragua, said Howard Machtinger Wednesday night in a discussion of American policy toward Nicaragua. The Carolina Committee for Central America, which sponsored the discus sion, will be involved in the group that will march on Fort Bragg. Machtinger defended the revolution in Nicaragua in his lecture, saying it represented a movement that opens endless possibilities for human rights. "It represents a qualitative change for the better," Machtinger said. He said the church in Nicaragua was a powerful force both for and against the revolution. Some church leaders are cabinet members in the Sandinista government, while others support the contras. he said. "Nicaragua is the only socialist country criticized for having too many church people in government," Mach tinger said. As a fundamental part of Nicaraguan culture, the church plays a key role in any regime that will govern the nation, Machtinger said. He said the Sandinis tas were not opposing any religious freedoms as a result. Censorship in Nicaragua has decreased greatly since the elections, he said. There has been a long internal struggle in government over what is the right amount of censorship. Machtinger said the moderate forces in government were assuming a more commanding presence and that U.S. involvement in Nicaragua was wrong and not in the interests of the American public. 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Franklin St.. also BMOC I-85 Exit 145 Hours: Mon.-Sat. 1 0-6:30: Sun, 1 -5; Phone: 968-4408 Soviets protest U.S. charges From starr and wire reports MOSCOW The Soviet Union filed a formal protest Wednesday over U.S. charges that it has violated arms control treaties and provided its own list of alleged American violations of every major arms agreement. Claiming the U.S. charges were "poisoning the atmosphere," Foreign Ministry spokesman Vladimir Lomeiko said they cast a shadow over the arms talks scheduled to begin in Geneva on March 12. Ortega invites Congressmen MANAGUA, Nicaragua Nica raguan President Baniel Ortega said Congressional leaders would be invited to Nicaragua, after meeting with a group of U.S. bishops Wed nesday. The American legislators would be invited to visit Nicaraguan military bases as a gesture to revive the stalled Contadora peace talks, he said. "We hope that President Reagan will reflect on and take to heart these initiatives and contribute to the search for a peaceful solution" to the Central American conflict, Ortega said Tuesday. Reagan may support farm relief WASHINGTON A White House official said Wednesday that President Reagan will vote for the News In BrieU farm relief legislation currently being proposed in Congress if "budget busting" amendments are attached to it. Spokesman Larry Speakes said Vice President George Bush put off a planned trip to Texas to preside over the Senate in case of a tied vote on the Democratic amendments to bail out banks and debt-ridden farmers. SEC's Fedders resigns WASHINGTON Securities and Exchange Commission enforce ment chief John M. Fedders resigned Tuesday amid reports that he had repeatedly beat his wife. In his resignation letter to SEC Chairman John Shad, Fedders said that while he believed his family problems had not affected his official conduct, "the glare of publicity on my private life threatened to under mine the effectiveness of the division of enforcement and of the commission." Fedder admitted that "on seven occasions during more than 18 years of marriage, marital disputes between us resulted in violence, for which I feel, and have expressed, great remorse." Housing workshop planned for tonight A workshop for students closed out of on-campus housing for next year will be held tonight at 6 in Room 206 of the Student Union. Campus service organizations, real estate agents, apartment managers and others will be on hand to tell how they can help. Nicaragua topic of forum today The documentary film Nicaragua: Sing the Mountain, Weep the Cage will be shown by the Carolina Committee on Central America tonight at 7. At 8:30 p.m. the committee will conduct a discussion on "Democracy in Central America; A Comparison of Nicaragua and El Salvador." Both events will be held in the Student Union.. Check the schedule board for room number. Submit Chancellor's Awards nominations Know any students who should be rewarded for the time they give to make UNC a better place? If so, fill out a nomination form for the Chancellor's For th rcoircl Awards. Applications can be found in Steele Building or at the Student Union information desk. Deadline is March I. "Proposal to reduce town council size Also, R.D. Smith was quoted as opposed by'membcrsMrr-Wedn&Aday's 1 though speaking to Mayor- Joe-Nassif DTHhcmldMave , idcntiiTiirt1 as -HareV-4sthe prid Church Housing Corporation. This was editing error. a reporting error. The DTH regrets the errors FOR BRITISH UNDERGRADUATES, THE BEST EDUCATION IS IN OXFORD a CAMBRIDGE FOR AMERICANS, ITS IN CANTERBURY & LONDON The Institute for American Universities now offers 3 study-abroad options in Great Britain: King's College of the University of London, The Institute's British Studies Centre in Canterbury, and Royal Holloway College (also of the University of London). Each combines a first-rate academic programme with the opportunity to live and travel in Europe. For details concerning the Institute's programmes, write to us at 73 Castle Street, Canterbury CT1 2QD, England, or see your campus study-abroad advisor. OREAL PIT BAR B Q j lf 15-501 Bypass I 3 rWJ at Elliott Rd. in 5 B ( A Chapel Hill 0 3-- 933-9Z48 g J?; OLRHIN'S APS hOTEP TC? JATCLL i&NT OF fNtMAC&. yt-tE y ciN cofninuMici re with BACH WITH TMBtt? PiSTNCTlVG WO A fat O0IOIS$ "BltTZK(?t&G w BOP" v -7 HIT IT rJST "VN fOPV SGT iNTON TMf :! I've Nl ACT U WON'T ) yO , come DOOK AVAILABLE AT.. 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Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Feb. 28, 1985, edition 1
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