Rain
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percent chance of it today
and tonight Highs near 73
and lows around 62.
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Last clay. ...
Today is the last day for
prospective writers to stop
by the DTH for Writing Test
information. See Arne or
Dave by 5 p.m.
V
Copyright 1985 The Daily Tar Heel
Volume 93, Issue 69
Serving the students and the University community since J 893
Thursday, September 26, 1985
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
News Sports Arts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising 962-1163
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By LORRY WILLIAMS
Staff Writer
Last year University researchers received 674
grants totaling more than $71 million from
federal and private grant-awarding agencies. An
additional $3 million in funds was provided
through N.C. state agency awards.
Based on past years, the $74 million in funds
is not an unusual amount.
The University has traditionally received
sizeable federal support. It ranks 30th in
receiving federal funds and first among public
institutions in the Southeast.
"This is one of the top research institutions
in the country," said Chancellor Christopher C.
Fordham III in a recent interview.
While research is a distinguishing character
istic of the University, Fordham said he didn't
think the importance of teaching had been lost.
Faculty members still place a great deal of
interest in teaching undergraduates, Fordham
said. The University has won several Pulitzer
Prizes and had a Rhodes Scholar during recent
years both good examples of the dedication
to undergraduate education, he said. '
"Research doesn't take away from teaching,"
Fordham said, adding that cases in which
students felt their professors were more
concerned with research than teaching probably
were very few.
"I've never had any student say he didn't have
access to a teacher," he said.
One of the key qualities of teachers is their
mastery of content, and this mastery is made
better when professors become involved in the
research, Fordham said. Participating in
research gives professors a better feeling for and
understanding of the subject, more so than
would reading the textbook ahead of the class,
he said.
"Any time you have a professor on the edge
of discovery it can benefit the student because
he's there to see the process," Fordham said.
"I think it's exciting to be at a university where
knowledge is being created," he said. "It's
exciting to be around the people discovering new
things."
The faculty self-study on the research mission
of the University cited several studies indicating
professors believe their work contributes to their
teaching.
In a 1982 Educational Policy Committee
survey, 75 percent of. the responding faculty
stated that their research activities strengthened
their undergraduate teaching. '
Another EPC survey reported that 90 percent
of those teaching undergraduates would volun
teer to teach undergraduates even if not required
to do so.
"More often than not, professors are ' rein
forced by their research," Fordham said.
Fordham said there would be times when
researchers would rather be in their labs, such
as during critical steps in the research or new
discoveries after years of working with a project.
"Those times (when professors would rather
be in the lab) are rare," he said.
While professors divide their time between
CGC eH
poBH Ste
By GUY LUCAS
Assistant University Editor
Polling sites for fall campus elections
will be the Student Union, Campus Y
and Davis Library, the Campus Govern
ing Council ruled Wednesday night.
The CGC also approved appoint
ments to the Daily Tar Heel Board of
Directors.
Bruce Lillie, Elections Board chair
man, said he preferred only one polling
site for the fall elections, citing last year's
low voter turnout.
The elections are being held to fill
vacant CGC seats for districts 16, 17,
18, 19 and 21, which are all off-campus
districts. j
Lillie said the site outside the Student
Union would be visible from Davis
Library. The election would be public
ized with a , banner in the Pit and
announcements around campus and in -the
districts, he said.
But Jaye Sitton (Dist. 13) said: "If
you cut out Davis Library, you're
cutting out 25 percent of voter turnout
(based on last fall's results). People walk
through the Pit and they don't know
what's going on."
The elections will be held Oct. 8, Lillie
said. Students who want to run for their
district's CGC seat must pick up a
petition from the Elections Board office
in Suite C of the Student Union and
get 25 signatures from students in their
district. Candidates also must review the
election and spending laws with Lillie.
There is one candidate for Dist. 16,
Lillie said, but there are no other
candidates for other districts yet.
Appointments to the DTH Board of
Directors met an unexpected roadblock
when conservative members of the CGC
objected to the appointment of David
Brady (Dist. 12). As chairman of the
Finance Committee, Brady was to
appoint someone from his committee
to the Board.
"(Last spring) I said I was going to
appoint myself, and I asked if there was
any objection, and there was no
objection, so I appointed myself," he
said.
CGC Speaker Wyatt Closs (Dist. 10)
said he served on the board when he
was Finance Committee chairman.
' "He asked me how it would look for
him to appoint himself, and I thought
it would be no problem," he said.
Ryke Longest, student body treas
urer, said the board had nothing to do
with editorial policies but only oversaw
the financial responsibilities of the
DTH.
But Anna Critz (Dist. 12) said, "I
think there needs to be a little more
of a balance, and we never know where
Dave stands." She said more political
diversity was needed among the appoint- .
ments, especially since one of the three
appointees, Jim Slaughter, was chair
man of the UNC Young Democrats.
Frank Whitney (Dist. 3) agreed.
"This is not a personal attack. Since
the chairman of the Young Democrats
is on this fiscal board, it seems you
would want to have a person of the
opposite political persuasion," he said,
adding that a person's fiscal policy could
be influenced by his political ideology.
But Sitton said none of the people
being appointed had ideologies extreme
enough to alter the D77fs fiscal policy.
Critz proposed Brady's name be
deleted from the list of appointments.
The proposal failed by a 4-7-1 vote.
Critz, Whitney, Bill Peaslee (Dist. 9)
and Kevin Woodward (Dist. 20) voted
to delete Brady's name, and Jimmy
Greene (Dist. 9) abstained.
The appointments of Brady, Slaugh
ter and Bryan Hassel were approved.
Peaslee said now he would try to get
a conservative journalism major to
apply for an at-largc seat on the board.
teaching and research, the number of research
grants awarded the University continues to grow.
At the end of July, approximately 1,800
research grants to the University had been
reported to the office of research administration.
The number of grants grew to approximately
1,900 by the end of August.
Departments reporting the most research
grants were: medicine with 159 in July and 176
in August; chemistry with 120 in July, 126 in
August; and environmental sciences with 78 in
July, 89 in August.
But the number of grants reported to the
research administration is not always indicative
of the actual amount of research going on at
the University, said David Galinsky, chairman
of the psychology department. In the psychology
department, for example, if a research project
doesn't involve an outside grant, then the project
wouldn't be on file in the monthly printout.
With the large number of research programs
going on simultaneously, it is not unusual for
a professor to be involved with more than one
program at a time. The professor's teaching load
is determined within the individual departments.
In some departments, the teaching load is such
thatprofessors are left with time for research,
while in others, the teaching load may be
arranged in a manner that leaves very little time
for research. Professors also may have graduate
students to work with and be involved in
administrative duties.
Regardless of the amount of time available
for research, researchers should not neglect their
teaching responsibilities, Fordham said. "You
find for the most part they don't," he said.
With buildings such as the new computer
science building and the public health and
environmental services center that are planned
for the University, new research facilities soon
will be available.
The University will continue to grow in the
research field, Fordham said, but there will be
no great changes in the balance between research
and teaching.
clean spray
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Mike Pattison cleans dirt of many years that had accumulated
on the limestone areas of Memorial Hall Wednesday with a jet
DTHLarry Childress
stream of water. After the cleaning has been completed, the
cracks in the building will be recaulked. ,
MiDllnoQDS camrt ireadl j colleges pfifeir" IheDp
By JILL GERBER and RACHEL STIFFLER
Staff Writers
An elderly woman walks into a drugstore
in a rural community and enters the medicine
aisle. After examining the contents of the
shelves for several minutes, she picks up a
small brown bottle and approaches a nearby
customer.
"Excuse me," she says, smiling apologet
ically. "Is this spirits of ammonia? I can't
read."
This woman is one of the estimated 23 to
27 million adults 16 and older in the United
States who are functionally illiterate, said
Wilma Bailey, public affairs specialist with
the Adult Literacy Initiative in Washington,
D.C.
This figure was based on a study done by
the University of Texas, in the 1970s and
updated by the 1980 census, Bailey said.
Functional illiteracy, she said, is the
inability to read and comprehend well enough
to perform such ordinary tasks as voting,
taking a driver's license examination or
reading instructions on a medicine bottle.
The woman in the drugstore represents 1.6
percent of the nation's black population
designated illiterate by the Statistical Abstract
of the United States, 1982-1983, published by
the Bureau of the Census. The report stated
that 0.4 percent of the white population was
illiterate.
The percentages of illiteracy were lowest
among the 14 to 24 age group for both blacks
and whites, totaling 0.2 percent for each. The
figures increased with age for both blacks and
whites, reaching 0.8 percent for whites in the
65 and older age group and 6.8 percent in
the same age group for blacks.
The above statistics are based on the federal
government's definition of illiteracy, stating
"the inability to read or write a simple message
either in English or in any other language,"
according to the Current Populations Reports
Special Studies, 1960, published by the
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
Census.
The term "functional illiteracy" was first
used during World War II to refer to people
who were incapable of understanding written
instructions for military tasks. Now it is
commonly used to describe those who have
completed less than five years of schooling,
according to the Current Populations
Reports.
However, Mark R. Van Schiver, coordi
nator of public information with the N.C.
Deptartment of Community Colleges, said
illiteracy cannot be defined.
"No one can decide what illiteracy means,"
he said. "(It is) a value judgment on a complex
problem."
Van Schiver said N.C. community colleges
have offered literacy training since the 1960s.
There are now 58 community colleges,
technical colleges and institutes in the state
which offer the Adult Basic Education
program.
Although enrollment in ABE has increased
48 percent in the past three years, 17 more
people need to be reached for every one person
in the program, Van Schiver said.
Florence Taylor, coordinator of ABE, said
about 50,000 adults 25 and older were enrolled
in the federally funded ABE program.
Students who qualify for ABE have less
See ILLITERACY page 4
Requests doubling fair RAPE escort service
By JENNIFER TROTTER
Staff Writer
The Rape and Assault Prevention Escort
service is averaging almost twice as many
calls for its escorts this semester than it has
in past semesters, an increase that Director
James Rivell says RAPE is equipped to
handle.
RAPE has received 15 to 20 calls per night
for escorts, compared to last spring semester's
average of eight to 10 calls per night. Rivell
said RAPE began getting more calls during
the week of the Sharon Stewart kidnapping,
a time when RAPE had not geared up for
the fall semester.
"It usually takes two weeks or so into the
semester before we have a list of escorts and
are ready to operate," Rivell said.
RAPE intensified its recruiting process to
handle the influx of calls, and now operates
with 200 escorts, he said, adding that the
escorts welcomed the increase in calls.
"The biggest complaint we've had by
escorts in the past is that they don't get
enough calls," Rivell said.
He said that the increase in calls for RAPE
escorts had also created much confusion
about the service and the hours it operated.
RAPE operates from 7:15 p.m. to 1 a.m.
Sunday through Thursday, and students can
get escorts on weekends by request, he said.
"These hours have been successful in the past,
but if there is a large demand for regular
weekend hours, a policy change could be
made to include Friday and Saturday ,"Rivell
said. ,
Rivell said students should phone RAPE
at 933-7602 to ask for an escort or to reserve
weekend hours in advance. An operator
working from RAPE'S Mangum office
assigns escorts on duty for the specific hour
to callers requesting to be walked home, he
said.
The UNC campus, and the Franklin Street
and Airport Road areas are included in
RAPE'S escort coverage, Rivell said. This
includes sororities and some apartment
complexes in those locations, he said.
Escorts, who are screened by dormitory
resident advisors and area directors, draw
mostly from North Campus dorms, Rivell
said, adding that about 50 escorts come from
Morrison dorm on South Campus. There is
a need for a South Campus director who
would coordinate a South Campus escort
service with the one on North Campus, he
said. "It's not that there is a lack of support
for RAPE on South Campus," Rivell said.
Escorts are required to present a student
ID before escorting someone home, and they
must call the RAPE office upon returning,
Rivell said.
Moth apet
By LORRY WILLIAMS
Staff Writer
Millions of dollars in grants were awarded to the University
for research programs in 1984, and each month, the list
increases.
The increasing funds have brought more than money to
the University. They have also brought uncertainty about
whether the University's priorities lie in research or teaching.
It's an issue that has gained prominence in recent years,
especially as the University has grown as a research institute.
Students and professors seem to agree that research is
an important part of the learning process. The idea that
professors stay locked in laboratories with no concern for
the undergraduate's education, however, is more a rumor
than fact for most students at UNC.
"Research and teaching can and do go hand in hand,"
said Student Body President Patricia Wallace. "Professors
get material that's alive, and they're able to teach with more
excitement."
Lawrence Gilbert, a . University biology professor, is. a
member of "an "evaluation committee that visits research
universities across the country and evaluates their programs
and departments.
"We (at UNC) pay more attention to undergraduates than
any other place IVe seen," Gilbert said.
There are faculty members at other research institutions
whose goal is not to teach but to do research. At UNC
the faculty feels a responsibility for undergraduates, he said.
As a research institute, the University benefits students
by providing them with the opportunity to be at the forefront
of new discoveries, said Wyatt Closs, Campus Governing
Council speaker.
"Students have the advantage of getting information
firsthand," he said. "Look at other research institutions, like
MIT, and that kind of thing is what makes them attractive."
Attending a research university and being near the
Research Triangle Park should help broaden the perspective
of University students, Closs said.
Undergraduates in the psychology department have been
getting hands-on experience in research for years. A
requirement in Psychology 10 is to participate in a number
of experiments to gain credits. David Galinsky, chairman
of the psychology department, said students received first
hand opportunities to see psychological research being done
when they participated.
Closs said he didn't see any conflicts, between research
and teaching. When a student complains about not being
able to reach a professor, the costs and benefits need to
be weighed, he said.
"If there are (complaints) and you look at the benefits
for the group instead of the individual, the benefits outweigh
the arguments."
The chemistry department reported 126 research grants
in August. Even with a larger number of research programs
in progress, chemistry professors said they felt research and
teaching were not competing.
"It's important for a professor to be an active researcher
in order to be the best teacher he or she can be," said Royce
Murray, a Kenan Professor of chemistry. "Research is asking
questions about things not known. That's part of teaching."
Research professors can bring parts of research into the
classroom and tie it into the material the students are learning,
he said.
Wallace made a similar observation. "Experience has
shown that those professors who aren't as interested in their
subjects aren as involved with research," she said.
The chemistry department has a policy stating its professors
will try to spend similar amounts of time on teaching and
research, Murray said.
"It's hard to do sometimes," he said, adding that it was
very frustrating to turn students away when they wanted
to learn.
"There's never enough time to do everything you'd like
to do," he said. "It would be easy to imagine spending full
time at either one. But I wouldn't want to do either one
(exclusively)."
What many students don't realize, Murray said, is that
in addition to undergraduate teaching many professors also
are in charge of graduate students. The work with graduate
students may be more informal than work with undergrad
uates, but it is still teaching on a very advanced level, he
said.
"You don't do research with graduate students and not
teach," he said. "The division between research and teaching
is artificial."
Office hours are required, and Gilbert said if a student
had an appointment to see a professor and the professor
didn't keep it, the student should go to the department
chairman. .
Matt Lenkeit, a junior computer science major, said his
experience had shown that professors were willing to take
time and help students when help was needed.
"You can ask questions, and they're glad to answer,"
Lenkeit said. "They give you their home phone numbers
and encourage you to call."
The art of teaching is the art of assisting discovery Mark Van Doren