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Valdhcirn's past
See story page 2
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Copyright 1986 The Daily Tar Heel
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Volume 94, Issue 37
Thursday, April 17, 19SS
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
NewsSportsArts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising S62-1163
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tadkBy ((Q)M nut of Mdlnn
Associated Prsss
TRIPOLI, Libya Moammar Khadafy emerged
from two days' seclusion late Wednesday, condemned
the United States for its air attack on Libya and vowed
that his people are ready to fight on and die.
But the Libyan leader, whose baby daughter was
killed in the raid, told Americans, "We will not kill
your children. We are not like you, we do not bombard
cities."
Khadafy's appearance on Libyan television, during
which he disclaimed responsbility for the anti
American terror attacks, dispelled speculation he had
left the country or had been killed or seriously injured
in the Tuesday morning raid, staged by waves of U.S.
war planes that dumped one bomb just 10 yards from
the Khadafy residence in his fortress headquarters here.
The Reagan administration on Wednesday received
intelligence indicating that Khadafy had fled his Tripoli
headquarters and gone into the Libyan desert,
government sources said. They said Khadafy might
have been wounded in Monday night's raid.
Speculation of a coup in Libya moved through
Washington, and Defense Secretary Caspar Wein
berger said reports of gunfire in Tripoli could indicate
that "there may well be some people . . . who are trying
to take matters into their own hands."
For almost two full days after the damaging U.S.
air bombardment of Tripoli, Khadafy had remained
out of sight. Earlier Wednesday, he failed to appear
for a promised meeting with journalists at his
headquarters.
Then, at 11:15 p.m. (4:15 p.m. EST), the Libyan
leader appeared on state television, dressed in a white
army uniform and speaking in a studio with a map
of Africa behind him.
"We are ready to die and we are ready to carry
on fighting and defending our country," he declared,
speaking in Arabic.
He said President Reagan "has issued orders to his
armed forces to kill our children. We have not issued
any orders to murder anybody."
100 Libyans killed
The attacks, which the United States said were
targeted on five security and military installations in
Tripoli and the eastern Libyan city of Benghazi, also
severely damaged a civilian neighborhood in Tripoli.
Western diplomats said at least 100 people, and
probably many more, were killed in Tripoli alone.
Doctors said Khadafy's 15-month-old adopted
daughter, Hana, was among the dead, and his two
sons, aged 4 and 3Vi, were seriously injured.
Khadafy said Reagan "should be put on trial as a
war criminal and murderer of children."
Libya had not issued orders to murder anyone,
Khadafy said, alluding to U.S. allegations that the
Libyan government plotted the bombing of a Berlin
nightclub April 5 in which a U.S. soldier was killed
and 63 other Americans were injured.
"Even those who carried out operations in Europe
are unknown persons," he said. "Who knows them?
Perhaps the American intelligence carried out these
operations. Possibly a Palestinian carried them out.
Anyone else could have carried out these operations."
The Arab leader, identified as a financial and political
supporter of many guerrilla groups worldwide, said
he would not cease those activities.
"We will not abandon our incitement of popular
revolution, whatever raids they carry out," he said.
Khadafy's long public absence after the American
attack touched off a flood of rumors around the world
that he had left the country, had been wounded,
or was dead. It could not be immediately determined
whether his TV appearance was live or taped, but his
discussion of the raid proved he had survived it.
After the 21 -minute speech, demonstrations broke
out in the streets of Tripoli and drivers honked their
horns, apparently in joy over their leader's speech.
Gunfire over Tripoli
Earlier Wednesday night, anti-aircraft fire streaked
the black skies over this seaside capital for a second
day and gunfire ricocheted around the headquarters
compound. Government officials denied the street
gunfire signaled factional fighting among the Libyans.
Anti-aircraft crews first opened up in mid-afternoon
Wednesday at what officials said was a high-flying U.S.
reconnaissance jet. A Washington source acknowl
edged that reconnaisance planes had flown over this
See LIBYA page 8
Events leading to U.S. attack
Associated Press
Here is a brief account of the
events that led to the U.S. attack
on Libya.
MARCH 22, 1886 A three
carrier U.S. battle group begins
exercises off Libya's coast in the
Mediterranean Sea. It follows
January exercises conducted in
the wake of terrorist attacks Dec.
27 at Rome and Vienna airports.
MARCH 23 U.S. planes
extend their operations below the
"line of death" drawn by Libyan
leader Moammar Khadafy across
the Gulf of Sidra. He claims those
waters are Libyan, not international
waters as claimed by the United
States
MARCH 24 Libya fires
surface-to-air missiles, missing
U.S. aircraft The United States
retaliates, saying it hit two Libyan
patrol boats and a missile battery
at Si rte, Libya.
MARCH 25 The United States
renews its attack, hitting the missile
site again and two more Libyan
boats.
APRIL 2 A bomb explodes in
the passenger cabin of a TWA
jetliner over Greece, killing four
American Arah terrorists are
suspected.
APRIL 5 A bomb explodes in
a West Berlin nightclub, killing an
American soldier and a Turkish
woman and injuring 230 others,
including 63 Americans.
APRIL 7 U.S. Ambassador to
West Germany Richard Burt says
there is "clear evidence that there
is Libyan involvement" in the Berlin
bombing.
APRIL 9 President Reagan
calls Khadafy "the mad dog of the
Middle East" and says the United
States is ready to respond if it has
sufficient evidence that Libya is
behind terrorist attacks on
Americans.
APRIL 10 Gen. Bernard Rug
ers, supreme allied commander in
Europe, says there is indisputable
evidence that that the nightclub
bombing can be linked to a world
wide network of terrorists set up
by Khadafy.
APRIL 13 The United States
presses its campaign for European
support for some action against
Khadafy. U.S Ambassador Vernon
Walters meets with European
leaders while U.S. air carriers stand
by in the Mediterranean.
Voiimegett peak
to a iMl hoese
By RACHEL ORR
Staff Writer
The mischief created by the human
brain is the source of mankind's
problems, a relaxed Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
told a full house in Memorial Hall
Wednesday night during the Carolina
Union Forum Committee's final lecture
of the year.
"What we've got to do to save
ourselves," 64-year-old Vonnegut said,
"is to become stupid the way we should
be.
"We have this big computer (the
brain). . . . It's telling people all over
the world, 'why don't you kill yourself,
and people da it." -
Vonnegut, who published his first
novel in 1951, also linked many of
today's problems to people's concepts
of an ideal life.
"1 think I know what causes our high
divorce rate," he said. "It's stories."
He said that people are accustomed
to stories where the hero gets into
trouble and then gets out again, and
added that President Ronald Reagan
was trying to enact this storyline for
the American public.
"(Reagan) . . . thinks he's supposed
to entertain us," Vonnegut said. "He
thinks he's supposed to get us into
trouble and get us out again."
"We have a president sent over by
Central Casting because he looks like
a president," he said.
The leaders of the Western world are
"tragically hooked to the preparations
for war," Vonnegut said. Their first
priority will always be war preparations
because of their compulsive addiction.
"We have trusted power to people
who are sick," he said. "If Western
civilization were a person," he said, "we
should be directing him to the nearest
War-Preparers Anonymous meeting."
The extent of our civilization's
greatness is linked to meditation, and
Western society meditates through
books, he said. "If we casually give up
this form of meditation, we lose the core
of Western civilization."
Literary masterpieces do not follow
an up-and-down pattern like stories
such as "Cinderella," even though the
"Cinderella curve" is our society's
favorite storyline, he said.
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Kurt Vonnegut Jr.
"So many of us like that story because
it is our religion," Vonnegut said. The
Bible also follows the Cinderella curve,
he said.
However this story line does not
make a masterpiece, he said.
"We recognize 'Hamlet' as a master
piece because Shakespeare tells us the
truth about life," he said. In "Hamlet"
we can't tell the good news from the
bad news, which is the reality of life,
Vonnegut said.
"You will be truly grown-up if you
realize your life is supposed to be level,"
he said. "Only stories are supposed to
be stories. Your lives are supposed to
be dead level."
Vonnegut said most creative writers
were not in the English departments of
universities. "Creative writers very
seldom come out of English depart
ments because English majors have
good taste."
"The purpose of English departments
is to create a 'civilized human being.' "
Most masterpieces are created by
people with nothing, Vonnegut said.
But these people have the passion to
be writers.
"What you look for in a would-be
writer is the urgency to communicate
something," he said.
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Socc-air
Freshman Darren Royer (airborne), Christopher Mumford (left) and
Michael Taylor (right) practice goal-tending techniques on Finley
DTHCharlotte Cannon
Field Tuesday afternoon. All three are training for the soccer season
which begins in the fall.
liillie Feffesedl toosurdl re&ppomtaemrfl:
By SUZANNE JEFFRIES
Staff Writer
The Student Congress voted 13-5-1
against Student Body President Bryan
Hassel's appointment of Bruce Lillie to
the position of Elections Board chair
man for the 1986-87 academic year in
its meeting Wednesday night.
Lillie was Elections Board chairman
for 1985-86 and many congress
members' concerns centered on his
handling of the Feb. 4 election.
A primary concern of most of the
representatives was the final Elections
Board ruling in the controversial issue
of former Student Body President
candidate David Brady and the T-shirts
members of his fraternity had made to
advertise his campaign.
Representative Dave Edquist (Dist.
1) asked Lillie how long he had known
about the T-shirts, and how long it had
taken him to talk with Brady about
them.
"It (the T-shirt controversy) basically
dragged the whole elections process in
the mud," Edquist said.
Lillie said there were approximately
48 hours between when he found "out
about the T-shirts and when he talked
with Brady.
"I had to find out if there was a legal
basis or any proof about David know
ing about the T-shirts," he said. "If I
couldn't prove it, I couldnt kick him
out of the election."
Lillie said he did his best to investigate
the T-shirts. He said he talked to Brady,
members of his fraternity and the people
who raised the complaint.
Graduate student congress represen
tatives' concerns centered on Lillie's
handling of the elections.
"I was upset with Mr. Lillie's callous
disregard for graduate students," Brad
Womrneini sure
Torgan (Dist. 4) said.
Edquist said that many students in
Craige dormitory were unable to vote
for Residence Hall Association presi
dent, and some voting booths had been
closed too early.
Torgan moved to send the act for
Lillie's appointment back to the Rules
and Judiciary Committee for further
consideration. "You don't reward
incompetence," he said.
Lillie's was the only name submitted
to the Rules and Judiciary committee
See STUDENT CONGRESS page 8
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By GUY LUCAS
Staff Writer
Women comprise the majority of UNC's
student body, yet men hold most elected offices
and other high-visibility and leadership positions
in student groups.
While women often make up most of a group's
members, just under half of the organizations
receiving Student Activities Fees funds are led
by women. Women lead only about one-third
of the largest groups and are more likely to
try to get positions they have to apply for, rather
than run for election.
Women comprise 56.7 percent of the general
student body, outnumbering men 11,924 to
9,108, according to figures from the University
Registrar's office. They are 59.5 percent of the
undergraduate population and 54.8 percent of
graduates, but only 14 of 49 candidates for
offices in February's campus elections were
women, not including write-in candidates, and
only one woman ran for a campus-wide office.
Women who have held leadership positions
on-campus said in interviews during the past
week that this underrepresentation of women
probably was because many women have been
reluctant to step into positions traditionally held
by men.
"Because in the past women have been
excluded from leadership positions, many are
reluctant to take on the responsibility of a
leadership role," said Student Congress Speaker
Jaye Sitton (Dist. 11). As speaker of the
congress, Sitton is vice president of the student
body and the second-highest ranking member
of Student Government. She is one of four
women in the 23-member congress.
"A woman, I think, has to work harder to
prove herself in a lot of positions," Sitton said.
Pressure to perform comes from other people
expecting a woman to do worse than men, she
said, but there also is some imagined pressure
that women put on themselves.
"There are still some people who have doubts
about a female's ability to handle a leadership
position with the same quality as a male," Sitton
said. "But there are people to whom gender
makes no difference."
Former Student Body President Patricia
Wallace said she wasn't sure if traditional role
model blocks kept women from trying to get
leadership positions, because she was raised to
believe that gender didn't matter. Wallace was
the first female student body president in UNC's
history.
"A lot of women who put themselves in the
visible positions on-campus have been raised in
environment where there aren t those
an
(traditional) male-female differences," she said.
"In a number of (student) organizations,
women are the trenchmen," Wallace said.
"They're not interested in the glamour jobs.
They're more interested in getting involved and
doing the work."
Sibby Anderson said women were expected
to serve submissive roles and support men in
their positions but not achieve by themselves.
Anderson was president of the Black Student
Movement and currently is an executive
assistant in Student Government.
"I often was confronted with non-supportive
attitudes," she said. "On a campus where it is
dominated by white males, it was difficult as
a black female to be accepted as a leader."
Anderson said one of her first experiences
with the entrenched dominance of males
occurred last year when some of the BSM
leaders were trying to think of people who could
run for BSM president.
"The first thing that came to everybody's mind
was what male would make a good candidate,"
she said. Only after no one could think of a
male would anyone start thinking of female
candidates, she said.
Former Student Attorney General Mary
Evans said people often were surprised to find
out the attorney general was a woman.
"If someone walked in and I was sitting there
at my office, people would ask to see the student
attorney general, even though I was sitting
there," she said.
Student Body President Bryan Hassel said
the great majority of people working in the
executive branch of Student Government were
women, but only eight of his 20 executive
assistants were female. Not many people applied
for the positions, he said, and the ratio of men
to women is representative of all the applications
he received.
Hassel said he thought traditional male
dominance in society could be one reason why
more women didn't apply for the executive
assistant positions.
"If the campus reflects the same male
dominance bias our U.S. government does, that
means our generation hasn't made that many
strides in eliminating sexism," he said. "For a
lot of people, sexism or feminism isn't an issue
anymore. Now they say it isn't a problem
anymore or say, 'Oh, that doesn't affect me. "
Director of women's studies Jane DeHart
Mathews said the women's situation on campus
was part of a larger pattern in society that was
slow to change because it had been in place
so long.
"1 think it probably has to do with the fact
that this is a co-ed institution, and in co-ed
institutions men traditionally have held most
elected positions," she said. "Women in the past
have deferred to their male counterparts,
sometimes consciously, sometimes
unconsciously.
"Obviously, this is beginning to change, but
1 think you really have to look at this in a
historical context. Attitudes change very
slowly," she said.
More women became involved in politics in
the 1970s and ran for elected office, De Hart
Mathews said, and that pattern has continued.
"Women historically haven't been taught to
compete," she said. "Part of the electoral process
is competing and selling yourself. ... It has been
difficult for women to articulate that (they think
they are the best qualified candidates), to sell
themselves in that way.
"It's not that women students think it's not
appropriate to run for office, or other students
don't think it's appropriate, but the process of
campaigning involves selling oneself," DeHart
Mathews said.
Women are making gains, but they haven't
yet reached parity with men they are not
holding positions proportional to their percen
tage of the population, she said.
Sitton said campus organizations could help
speed parity by making an effort to recruit
women and deal with women's issues.
"And women themselves need to take the
initiative in assuming such (leadership) roles,"
she said. By getting involved, women can make
it easier for other women to get into leadership
roles, Sitton said.
"Just by running a credible race, (women)
See WOMEN page 3
Talent alone cannot make a writer. There must be a man behind the booh Emerson