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2The Daily Tar Heel Thursday, November 19, 1987 Congressional From Associated Press reports WASHINGTON President Reagan bears ultimate responsibility for the Iran-contra affair that plunged his administration into crisis because he allowed a "cabal of the zealots" to seize control of policy and bypass the law, congressional investigators said today in their final report. . "These committees found no direct evidence suggesting that the president was a knowing participant in the effort to deceive Congress and the American public," the investigating panels wrote. "But the president's actions and statements contributed to the deception." In one new revelation, the report also said that some U.S. weapons supposedly provided to strengthen Iranian moderates actually went to Iran's radical Revolutionary Guards, and that U.S. officials were told that one of the "moderates" in the U.S. dealings was in fact the person who masterminded the kidnapping of William Buckley, the Beirut CIA GMatematlai By MATT BIVENS Staff Writer Democracy and socioeconomic improvement must occur in Guate mala before human rights violations there will end, a professor from the UNC Institute of Latin American Studies told about 50 people Wed nesday afternoon in the Student Union. Guatemala has had a history of rebellion stemming from inequitable n RESEARCH wl I Shedding I light on I birth defects.) I 'tn.i. lt .......... 1 1 1 mi ' Is" si Support the ( &$) March of Dimes V BEBBBIRTH DEFECTS. FOUNDATION BBBi ' J What a wav to enjov insomnia zonker Mania. The once-a-year mind boggling sale is here. (Regular Shopping Hours Saturday 10-6:30) The Hourly Part of the Following All-Nite zonkers. incredible Cive-a-ways mt m m ' K'l M:W P.a n caa km mrm asm s biW investigators say Reagan is ultimately to blame station chief who died in captivity. The 690-page document lays out a story of two-faced policymaking, massive confusion among top offi cials, excessive secrecy and deception and a cavalier attitude toward legal requirements and constitutional procedures. "The common ingredients of the Iran and contra policies were secrecy, deception and disdain for the law," the report said. "A small group of senior officials believed that they alone knew what was right." , Those conclusions were not unanimous. All six Republicans on the House committee and two of the five GOP Senate panel members filed a sharp dissent, contending that while the administration had made mis takes, they amounted to no more than errors of judgment. In previously undisclosed informa tion, the report said the administra tion was duped when, distrusting middleman Manucher Ghorbanifar, it switched to what it saw as a more needs land land distribution, said Professor Lars Schultz in a speech sponsored by the Carolina Committee on Central America as part of Human Rights Week. Because a minority of Guatemala's population owns the country's land, the small farmers and peasants continually clammer for land reforms, he said. But each new government silences the cries for land reform either o zonkers Are Fun Check out ft X s ,1 the last drop for Ax VePnC M IT S arandfinaie! 1 GrouD Famous DUClc Head 1 6. croup Dress and sport Shirts 1' mtitS, mg and Short eeves 2. Large Group casual Slaclcs 7. Group Sweaters Reg. to $50 Vi Off Sale Price Sizes Small & Medium Reg. $50 $7.90 3. Group Suits to $425 8. Group sport Coats to $165 $99.90 r -$59.90 4. Group European sport Coats g. Group Sport Coats to $135 -to $300-$89.90 $14.90 5. Group Pants and Jeans 10. All Hats and caps to $30 . -to $75-mostiy 28-34-$7.90 J V -Mostly Smails-$2.90 Hourly zonltors do Hot Apply to trustworthy "second channel" in its attempts to find an opening to Iranian moderates. "The second channel turned out to represent the same Iranian leaders as did the first channel," the report said, adding that the recipients of some of the weapons could hardly be des cribed as moderates. The document, reflecting informa tion recently furnished by the Israeli government, also indicated that as early as Dec. 5, 1985, National Security Council aide Lt. Col. Oliver North had plans to use Iranian weapons sales to generate profits that could be used to support Nicaragua's U.S.-backed contras. At the time, Congress had barred "direct or indirect" military aid to the rebels. The report describes formation of what came to be called "the enter prise," a private covert action oper ation with its own airplanes, pilots, airfield, ship, secret communications network and secret bank accounts. reform, speaker says through violence or token reforms, Schultz said. "Repression in Guatemala is really a cyclical affair," he said. Despite the cycle of violence, news from Nicaragua or El Salvador usually overshadows events in Gua temala, Schultz said. "Guatemala is one of those coun tries over the last few years that has gotten lost," he said. The United States harshly criti cized Guatemala's human rights record for the first time under President Carter, Schultz said. . Carter's criticism angered Guate malan Gen. Kjell Laugerud, who responded by refusing all U.S. mil itary aid, he said. But in 1981, the Reagan admin istration reopened ties with Guate mala and began sending military aid again, Schultz said. "Mr. Reagan, I'm sure, is just as much of a champion of human rights Hour VKW SI W4. aWf onlv - s S uic s Oi. s -i II w rsj sr mu w i Above 10 Super specials Hours Llon.-Sat. From its efforts channeling arms to Iran and to the contras and soliciting contributions the enter prise took in some $48 million, the committees concluded. About $16.5 million went to sup port the contras or to pay for weapons later sold to the rebels; $6.6 million in commissions and profits went to those who ran the enterprise - retired Maj. Gen. Richard Secord, his Iranian-American business associate Albert Hakim, and former CIA agent Thomas Clines; $1 million went to other covert programs directed by North; $4.2 million was held in reserve for future operations; $1.2 million remained in the enterprise's Swiss bank accounts, and several thousand dollars paid for a security system at North's home. The committee listed 27 recom mendations for specific changes in laws, but said the affair resulted not so much from defects in the law as from "failure of individuals to observe the law." as anyone in this room," he said. "But it was not high on his priorities for Central America." The Reagan administration culti vated ties with Guatemala, despite human rights violations there, to prevent the spread of communism in the region, Schultz said. "There are always competing values," he said in defense of Reagan. "It's a judgment call." But with the backing of the Reagan administration, the Guatemalan government put down the most recent rebellion, he said. The military forced 200,000 refu gees into neighboring Mexico, and other Guatemalans fled from rural areas to the city, he said. "It would appear almost nothing has changed (inGuatemala)," Schultz said after readingSaloud an eyewitness report from a colleague studying Guatemala. "This report could have been written in the 1950s, the 1960s or the 1970s." Closed All Day Friday Open 5:00 pm Friday nightfeNOCZO: Until 2:00 am Saturday Morning Washington officials work to cut federal budget deficit From Associated Press reports WASHINGTON - Congres sional and White House officials today worked toward completion of a plan to trim as much as $75 billion from the federal deficit over the next two years. Although some lawmakers already are complaining that it doesn't go far enough, others said a more ambitious plan, such as one cutting Social Security, would have risked defeat in the House and Senate. "It is disappointing to anyone who would like to see something dramatic achieved," said the Speaker of the House, Rep. Jim Wright, D-Texas. "After all, youVe got to" get something you can pass." The House majority leader, Rep. Thomas Foley, D-Wash., reiterated today that he believed a final agreement would be reached before Friday. If no deal is reached by then, the Gramm Rudman deficit-reduction law will automatically cut $23 billion in federal spending this year, half from domestic and half from military programs. Ousted Soviet back in power MOSCOW Boris Yeltsin, the man thrown out of his position as head of Moscow's Communist Party last week and labeled an ambitious renegade, was named to a top government post Wednesday and given the rank of minister. It was a stunning turnaround in the political fortunes of the 56-year-old Yeltsin, who last week was denounced at length by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev as a rash colleague who bucked party rules and discipline. The new appointment indicates Yeltsin has been restored to a position of respect and responsi bility, perhaps as an effort by Gorbachev to quell fears that his firing was a blow to the Soviet leader's economic and social reform program. According to the Kremlin peck- ZONKER TE Alterations at cost. See how easy it is to be better dressed for less. Phone 968-440S 10-6:30; Sun. 1-5 163 E. Franklin Downtown Chapel Hill News in Brief ing order, Yeltsin's new job is of lesser standing and influence than his former post, where he was responsible for party and govern ment operations in the capital city of more than 9, million people. As one of the ministers heading the newly reorganized construc tion ministry, Yeltsin will have the opportunity to play an important role in implementing Gorbachev's economic reforms. Stress strikes New England teens ACTON, Mass. Forty-nine students at Acton-Boxborough's junior and senior high schools have been hospitalized in the last three years for the same ailment stress and stress-related conditions. Students blame intense aca demic competition at the school in the affluent Boston suburb, while administrators point to a failure to teach adolescents how to cope. Experts on stress and adolescence say the problem is not unusual, but that it is not common to hospitalize such students. A dozen students interviewed Tuesday said they felt pressure from parents to perform well in school. They also cited demanding teachers and a highly competitive atmosphere that leads to peer stress. Andy Palmer, the school's counseling director, said that most of the students admitted to hos pitals were suffering from depres sion or had made suicidal gestures, and that about one-third had alcohol and drug problems linked to stress. A few were admitted because of stress syndromes attri buted to family problems. The students were hospitalized at the recommendation of family doc tors or by an area agency that provides counseling or other services. Hearing from page 1 bathroom, where she overheard Harrison say he needed a key for a room. He got the key and they went inside the room, she said. There, the plaintiff said she lay dowri.'oh a couch to rest in the dark, room. " She said"she does riot remember how her clothing was removed. "I had no clothes," she said. "Next thing, I was laying down and he was laying on top of me. I said, 'No. I can't do this. IVe never done this before.' " The plaintiff said Harrison raped her and talked to another man, Bowers, telling him she was ready. She said she and Bowers talked, then he raped her. After Bowers left, the plaintiff said she heard both Bowers and Harrison outside talking about her. She said Harrison later returned to the room, and they had intercourse again. "I was hurting really bad," she said. "I kept saying 'stop,' and he said, 'Oh, come on a little longer.' He asked me did I want Brad to come back again." After going to the Carolina Union and back to Franklin Street, she returned to Whitehead Residence Hall where she was supposed to be staying with a friend, Lisa Hicks, who took her home. Later that day, another friend advised her to call the Rape Crisis Center. She went to North Carolina Memorial Hospital emergency room for an examination, she said. The doctor prepared a rape kit, she said, and gave her medication for possible infection. She said she was released by Student Health Service the next day. Hicks testified the plaintiff had been hurt as a result of the incident. "My main concern was getting her to bed," Hicks said. "When she lay down, I noticed blood stains in the crotch of her pants. She was telling me how bad it hurt at the present time and how it hurt then." State law defines second-degree rape as forced sexual intercourse without the consent of the victim and without the use of a weapon. Also, second-degree rape occurs if the perpetrator knows that the victim is physically or mentally incompetent at the time of the rape and uses force. In her closing argument, Patricia DeVine, assistant district attorney prosecuting the case on behalf of the state and the plaintiff, argued that because her client was intoxicated, she was physically unable to prevent the rape. But Harrison's attorney, Barry Winston, argued that the plaintiff was not physically helpless, because she walked to the Carolina Union and back to Franklin Street after the incident. After the hearing, DeVine said she is confident the case will go to trial. "I am absolutely committed to the case," DeVine said. "I believe with all my heart that the judge will find probable cause." But Bowers' attorney, Lee Lam bert, maintains his client is innocent, although Bowers signed a police statement admitting he had inter course with the victim. ! ""KM-
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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