The Daily Tar HeelMonday, November 14, 19883
Human Rights Week Schedule
Monday, Nov. 14
: Noon - Know Your Rights
: James Holger will lead a brown bag lunch
discussion on the "Universal Declaration of Hu-
man Rights" in the Campus Y lounge.
2:30 p.m. - "Burning Patience"
A film dealing with life in Pinochet's Chile.
Abernethy Hall viewing room.
: 2:30 p.m. - "The Sharon Kowalski Case"
A film based on human rights violations of Sharon
Kowalski. Focuses on the rights of the handi
capped, women, and homosexuals. Union 208.
4 p.m. - "Date Rape"
A movie starring former UNC student Dex Dia
; mond. There will be a follow-up discussion on
prevention. Union 208.
'- 5:30 p.m. - An Evening with James Holger
; James Holger is the director of the United Nations
; Information Center in Washington, D.C. Hamilton
: 100.
; 6 p.m. - A Palestinian Dinner
Experience an authentic Palestinian dinner. $5 per
: person. Great Hall.
: 7 p.m. - Colombia: A Human Rights Emergency
Dr. Jonathan Hartlyn will speak on the critical
situation in Colombia today. Union 206.
J 7:15 p.m. - Palestinians and the West Bank
: Jacqueline Muth will present a slide show and dis-
: cussion dealing with the conflict on the West Bank
; and the fight for a Palestinian homeland. Great
I Hall.
: 8 p.m. - The Reverend William S. Fails
; How a person can enrich their daily experiences by
remembering their own cultures. Black Cultural
; Center.
: 8 p.m. - Junius Scales - The Red Scare
Junius Scales will speak on his experiences in the
midst of the Red Scare of the 1950's. A member
of the New Communist Party, he was imprisoned
after a controversial trial in the McCarthy era.
Hamilton 100.
8 p.m. - Civil Disobedience
Panel discussion on the freedom of speech and
dissent, featuring local and campus figures.
Murpheylll.
8:30 p.m. - Palestinian Dance
Great Hall.
8:30 p.m. - Transactors Comedy
. A performance dealing with the rights of our chil
dren. Cabaret
See something newsworthy? Call 962-0245
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GOES ON'
By JAMES BURROUGHS
Staff Writer
Junius Irving Scales, UNC alum
nus and the only person ever sent to
prison in the United States for being
a member of the Communist Party,
will speak today at 8 p.m. in 100
Hamilton Hall as part of Human
Rights Week.
Human Rights Week, sponsored
by the Campus Y, is a series of
programs designed to raise awareness
of human rights violations around the
world.
The speech, sponsored by the
Carolina Union Special Projects
Committee, is part of an attempt to
examine UNC's history through
speeches by distinguished alumni,
said committee chairman Dennis
Toseland. Scales' speech will educate
students about what UNC was like
in the 1940s, Toseland said. .
Scales served 15 months in a
federal prison in 1961 after he was
convicted of belonging to an organ
ization that advocated the violent
overthrow of the government. He was
released on Christmas Eve in 1962
when President John Kennedy com-
Human eights activist
o
ping
ht .of migrant :-fa'irm woirkeirs
By LAURA HOUGH
Staff Writer
, The United Farm Workers of
America (UFW) wants to provide
workers with safe and sanitary
conditions and supply consumers
with health food, said Arturo Rodri
guez, a vice president of the UFW,
in a Human Rights Week lecture
Sunday night.
Farm workers in this country have
been "pretty much left out of legis
lation," he said. They have been
unable to Change their living condi
tions and have always been excluded
from minimum wage legislation, he
said. -
The UFW fights the conditions
that force women to work 10-hour
days for $20 without clean drinking
water or rest rooms, he said, a
problem that extends to North
Carolina.
North Carolina ranks in the top
five in its number of migrant workers,
Rodriguez said.
Migrant workers are often home
less as well, Rodriguez said. In
California such groups as the "tree
people" live in the fields under the
trees, and thousands of "cave-people"
live in cardboard-lined caves at the
foot of the mountains surrounding
San Diego, he said.
The living conditions remove
dignity and pride and create, a sense
of economic slavery, Rodriguez said.
Migrant children also suffer
because of the school they miss, he
said. There are about 4 million
'm
Form No. 1351 988
Human Rights Week
muted his sentence.
In an interview Sunday, Scales said
his presentations centered on dark
times in American history, including
discrimination and civil rights viola
tions, in the '40s and '50s.
"IVe been stressing to a more or
less degree some of the negative
aspects of history," he said. "I think
it will fit in well with the theme of
this week."
Scales said the controversy sur
rounding recent campus protests and
antagonism between campus groups
brought back memories of UNC in
the 1940s when discrimination was
prevalent.
Scales said he sympathetic to
campus protests but part of living in
America is learning to live with
people's differences. Students should
examine the recent dissent on campus
more closely before they adopt
unreasonable measures, he said.
"I think any group that is discrim
Human Rights Week
migrant workers, 800,000 of whom
are under the age of 16. Whole
families work under the father's
Social Security number to make one
day's wages, but the federal govern
ment doesn't try to control the
number of child laborers because
there is no pressure to do so, he said.
The UFW also works to protect
consumers. Captan, Dinoseb and
Parathion pesticides have been found
to cause miscarriages, cancer and
even death, not only to the migrant
workers who spend days in the field,
but also to the consumer, because the
pesticides do not wash off under
running water. Most of the problems
occur with California table grapes,
according to "The Wrath of Grapes,"
a film produced by the UFW and
shown during Rodriguez's lecture.
More than 300,000 migrant worker
deaths occur yearly due to the 8
million pounds of pesticides used a
year that cling to the grape leaves.
Farmers can work without the
pesticides, Rodriguez said. But
migrant workers can't strike against
the pesticides or the field conditions
because of the abundant work force.
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n
inated against has a right to organize
against that," he said. "I think
suppression would make this an
entirely different country and an
ugly country."
Scales, co-author of the book,
"Cause at Heart: A Former Commu
nist Remembers," has toured 11
universities during the last three
weeks to speak on the history of the
Communist Party in America, a party
he left 31 years ago.
"IVe been trying to tell what I think
is the true version of the Communist
Party in the South," he said.
Scales grew up in a prominent
Greensboro family and entered UNC
in 1936 at age 16. After studying for
three years, he worked in a High
Point mill village, where he sought
to organize the workers there. Fol
lowing Pearl Harbor, Scales enlisted
in the Army. He returned to UNC
on the G.I. Bill in 1946 and graduated
with the class of 1947.
Scales was first exposed to the
Communist Party at age 18, and
because of his desire for "a broth
erhood of man," he joined a year
examines
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Arturo Rodriguez
So economic boycotts work best,
he said. For example, the boycott of
California grapes has forced the price
down in Chapel Hill, the grapes
are about 49 cents a pound.
Boycotts can be started at univer
sities too. Students at Cornell and
Brown universities forced the remo
val of table grapes from neighbor
hood stores, he said.
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later, he said. '
"I thought the South was just great
until I saw the poverty, the discrim-
mation ana tne racism ngnt under
my nose," he said.
During the next 18 years, Scales -
was a civn ngnts activist ana a ieaaer ;
of the Communist party in North
Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia
and Tennessee.
In 1954, he was arrested under the
now defunct Smith Act and charged
with belonging to an organization
that advocated the violent overthrow :
oi me government. Alter a iyjj trial -in
Greensboro, he was sentenced to
six years in prison, but the U.S.
Supreme Court reversed the decision '
on a technicality. -
One year after leaving the Com- J
munist Party, Scales was again tried
and convicted in 1958. After a failed u
attempt to appeal to the U.S.0:
Supreme Court, he was sent to the
federal penitentiary in Lewisburg,
Pa., where he was to serve six years, jj
After several hundred prominent
Americans, including Eleanor Roose
velt and -Martin Luther King Jr.,
spoke on his behalf, President t
Kennedy commuted Scales' sentence,
and he was released after serving 15'
months. He is the only person in
America ever to serve a prison'
sentence simply for being a
Communist. .
Fighting for the rights of blacks
kept Scales in the Communist Party r
for 18 years, he said. Several factors,
including Krushchev's statements )
about Stalin and the Soviet invasion
oi Hungary, lea nun to leave tne party
in 1957, along with almost 80 percent
of the party's members, he said.
Scales said that he would like to
see the spread of socialism but
remains skeptical about it ever
happening. In practical terms, he calls;
himself a "compassionate liberal,"'-
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of liberal as "generous and enlight-''
ened," he said. '
Scales is now retired and living in ;
New York.
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