, 2The Daily Tar HeelTuesday, September 26, 1989
World and Nation
Bush seeks end to clhemical weapons
From Associated Press reports
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. De
claring the world "has lived too long in
the shadow of chemical warfare,"
President Bush offered Monday to slash
U.S. stocks of such weapons more than
80 percent, provided the Soviet Union
reduces to an equal level.
Bush's proposal, in his first speech
to the U.N. General Assembly as presi
dent, was designed to spur a 40-nation
conference in Geneva to ban chemical
weapons entirely within 10 years.
He also used his appearance to salute
"freedom's march" around the world,
in Hungary, Poland, Latin America and
Africa, and to praise the Soviet Union
for removing "a number of obstacles"
in the way of treaties to reduce long
range nuclear weapons, and troops and
tanks in Europe.
Bush noted progress on those issues
and agreements on other matters
during talks last weekend between
Secretary of State James Baker and
Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard
Shevardnadze, as well as a decision to
hold a summit meeting with Soviet
President Mikhail Gorbachev by early
next summer.
"Let us act together beginning
today to rid the earth of this scourge,"
Bush said in his comments on chemical
British TV
From Associated Press reports
LONDON A British television
inquiry into the Pam Am Flight 103
disaster said Monday that West Ger
many committed major blunders, in
cluding releasing the probable bomb
maker after a raid on a Palestinian group
last year.
However, the chief Scottish investi
gator into the bombing of the plane
over Lockerbie, Scotland, last Dec. 21
said of the program: "We are still on
course to being able to put together a
case that will reveal who was respon
sible." The British Broadcasting Corp.'s
current affairs program "Panorama"
reported that investigators are con
vinced the Syrian-backed Popular Front
for the Liberation of Palestine-General
Command, long the prime suspect,
masterminded the attack. The group's
leader has denied involvement.
All 259 people aboard Flight 103
East German exodus leaves country lacking some
From Associated Press reports
BERLIN With thousands of East
Germans going West in the past few
months, those staying behind have
University
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weapons.
Shevardnadze said after the speech
that the Soviets had "a positive view"
of the plan but that it and other Bush
proposals "will have to be studied
additionally."
To get down to the equal stocks that
Bush proposed, the Soviets would have
to make deeper cuts since they are
thought to have more chemical weap
ons on hand. Only the two superpowers
acknowledge having poison gas, but
Bush said more than 20 nations either
possess them or are capable of produc
ing them.
Bush, who served as U.S. permanent
representative at the United Nations in
1971 and 1972, described his visit and
speech as a homecoming. The dele
gates interrupted him twice with ap
plause when he proposed the chemical
weapons reductions and when he re
ported progress in U.S.-Soviet rela
tions. At one point, he also mourned the
slaying of Marine Lt. Col. William R.
Higgins, who was taken hostage on a
U.N. mission in Lebanon in February
1988 and subsequently slain. He called
Higgins "a man of unquestioned brav
ery and unswerving dedication to the
U.N. ideal" and called on the General
Assembly to condemn the murder.
says errors
from Frankfurt to New York via Lon
don were killed along with 1 1 people
on the ground in Lockerbie.
Scottish investigator Lord Fraser,
speaking on the program titled "Lock
erbie: An Avoidable Tragedy," said a
West German police raid in October
1 988 and the discovery in April of three
bombs similar to the radio cassette bomb
on Flight 103 may be linked to the
Lockerbie disaster.
"There are clearly points of similar
ity that have to checked out and may
indeed point to more than just a loose
connection but a firm link,' ' said Fraser.
West German authorities arrested 1 6
men in the October raid on an apart
ment being used by the Popular Front
but released 14 of them, despite finding
a radio cassette bomb, detonators and
Semtex plastic explosives.
Those released included a Jordanian,
Marwan Khreesat.
"Panorama" said Khreesat is a
found themselves without the services
of some important people from the
village baker, to the town plumber, to
medical specialists.
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Bush's chemical weapons proposal
has three key elements:
The United States was "ready to
begin now" by eliminating more than
80 percent of its stockpile while work
ing on a treaty, provided the Soviets
also made their cuts.
In the first eight years of a 40
nation treaty the United States would
destroy 98 percent of its chemical
weapons if the Soviet Union joined the
ban.
All U.S. chemical weapons " 1 00
percent, every one" would be de
stroyed within 10 years, once all na
tions capable of building such weapons
signed a total ban treaty.
As for superpower relations, Bush
said he saw "signs of a new attitude that
prevails between the U.S. and USSR,' '
though he acknowledged serious dif
ferences remain.
He spoke of a "rise of freedom"
around the world and said, "Make no
mistake. Nothing can stand in the way
of freedom's march."
"Today we are witnessing an ideo
logical collapse, the demise of the to
talitarian idea of the omniscient, all
powerful state," he said. "East and
West, North and South, on every conti
nent, to every horizon, we can see the
outlines of a new world of freedom."
made before crash
known bomb maker and widely be
lieved by British and U.S. investigators
to have made the Lockerbie bomb and
several others.
There were major blunders by the
West Germans ... (who) let the group's
bomb maker go in very strange circum
stances," said reporter Gavin Hewitt.
"They took until April to find all the
bombs he had made, including ones
that could have been used to blow up
commercial airliners. And they freed
key members of the PFLP-GC, who
were capable of regrouping their net
work," he said.
One of the men still held on bombing
charges unconnected with Flight 103 is
Hafez Kassem Dalkamoni, the top aide
to Popular Front leader Ahmed Jibril.
Jibril has denied his organization
had any role in the attack but said
Dalkamoni often built and used the
type of bomb that blew up Flight 103.
The West German federal
There are visible signs of the "people
drain" in East Berlin.
An official sign on a shuttered bar
called "Restoration 1900" says the
establishment has received "permis
sion to close" because the manager is
ill.
Local residents say that in truth, the
manager fled to West Germany two
months ago.
"An operator of three other bars in
this area also went West a while back.
He's since been replaced," said a
middle-aged East German walking past
the bar on the city's Husemannstrasse.
A vegetable shop a few blocks away
is shuttered as well, and residents say
its owner also has gone to the West.
East German reform activist Jens
Reich says his eye doctor has fled to
West Germany. "I fear my dentist's
U.S. uses falling dollar
From Associated Press reports
WASHINGTON The U.S. dollar
plunged on world markets Monday as
the United States and its major allies
demonstrated determination to push the
currency's value lower in a bid to solve
America's trade deficit problems.
The sell-off began in hectic trading
in Tokyo and was later matched in
European and New York markets in
what traders described as a rout for the
dollar.
'The market is shell-shocked," said
Robert Hatcher, a trader in the New
York office of Barclays Bank PLC.
"The manner in which the central banks
conducted the intervention in the Far
East and Europe today was extremely
effective."
The dollar began dropping when
markets opened in Tokyo with the
decline continuing later in trading in
Europe and New York.
In Tokyo, the dollar lost 1.4 percent
of its value, falling to 142.95 yen,
compared to a Friday level of 1 45 yen.
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And yet, he said, some regimes still
stand against the tide.
"Some rulers still deny the right of
the people to govern themselves,' ' Bush
said.
As for chemical weapons, he said,
"These horrible weapons are now find
ing their way into regional conflicts ...
This is unacceptable."
Bush referred to the use of poison
gas by Iran and Iraq in their Persian
Gulf war. The threat is considered po
tentially explosive especially in the
Middle East, where Syria is feared to
have chemical weapons that could be
placed on the tip of missiles and fired at
Israel.
The president provided no formula
for verifying destruction of the weap
ons, which can be produced in a small
room and sometimes are as small as a
package of cigarettes.
Bush acknowledged monitoring and
enforcing a ban would be a challenge.
But, he said, inspection procedures
developed for nuclear weapons cut
backs offer useful experience.
American chemical weapons stock
piles are estimated at about 30,000 tons.
The Soviet Union has admitted to
possessing about 50,000 tons, though
some analysts believe the arsenal is
larger.
prosecutor's office told The Associ
ated Press Monday it has "not yet come
up with a connection" between Dal
kamoni and the Lockerbie bombing.
Hewitt said, without disclosing the
source, that he had been told Khreesat,
now in hiding in Jordan, was a double
agent working inside the Popular Front
for Jordanian intelligence. He said this
was apparently why the West Germans
freed him.
Asked why Khreesat was released,
Hans-Juergen Foerster, spokesman for
the West German prosecutor's office,
said, "He was released because there
was no urgent suspicion of his connec
tion with a crime."
Previous West German denials that
there is evidence linking Dalkamoni
and the October raid to Flight 103 have
prompted speculation Bonn is trying to
deflect criticism of its security opera
tion. gone as well," said Reich, an East
Berlin founder of the fledgling New
Forum pro-democracy group.
About 100,000 East Germans have
either fled or emigrated legally to West
Germany this year, the greatest flood of
East German refugees since the Berlin
Wall went up in 1961. More than 17,500
of them have gone through Hungary
since that country opened its western
border to East Germans Sept. 10.
The refugees say they left their
homeland because they could no longer
bear the lack of democratic freedoms
and because they want better lives in
the West.
The exodus has produced a new rash
of demands for political and economic
reform among many East Germans who
remain behind. Within two weeks of
the exodus, Reich's group collected
The dollar also lost ground against the
West German mark, the British pound,
the French franc and other European
currencies.
Rush
"There is concern on the part of the
University that although fraternities are
private entities, they are also made up
of students at this university," Schroe
der said.
The administration will concentrate
Ethics
Because the budget process begins
in February, a member could not vote
on issues concerning the group unless
he had not belonged to the organization
since the previous school year.
The Ethics Committee would inves
tigate any complaints and would dis
cuss the issue with the member or offi
cer in question. If sanctions were to be
Charleston struggles to get
back on its feet after Hugo
From Associated Press reports
CHARLESTON, S.C. Banks
reopened, a trickle of mail was deliv
ered and trash collection resumed in
this hurricane-battered city Monday,
but a cold downpour hindered efforts
to restore power and worsened dam
age to roofless homes.
Two inches of rain fell, and tem
peratures were in the 60s, and an 80
percent chance of showers is forecast
for today.
"It's going to make it harder to
accomplish anything, going to make
everything a little more miserable,"
said Kay Robinson, a meteorologist
with the National Weather Service.
Residents of Garden City were
still unable to return to their elite
resort community on a 60-mile stretch
of South Carolina's coast known as
the Grand Strand. The town's en
trance was guarded by National
Guardsmen, but that did not prevent
looting.
"There was a lady just filling her
bags with stuff," said shopowner
Connie Brewer. "I've caught people
stealing here three days straight. It's
like stealing from a graveyard."
At Isle of Palms, a barrier island
where martial law was declared to
preserve order, residents boarded
ferries for their first look at destruc
tion wrought by Hugo.
Pullout almost complete
HIGHWAY 1, Cambodia
Thousands of Vietnamese soldiers
jammed the main highway in Indo
china on Monday night as they snaked
toward the border on the eve of
Vietnam's pledged exit from a nearly
11 -year-old war.
Soviet-made armored personnel
carriers; American-made trucks,
jeeps and artillery; and Chinese
"Liberation' ' troop transport vehicles
clogged the 20-foot-wide stretch of
highway for 120 miles from
Cambodia's capital, Phnom Penh, to
the Vietnamese border.
Traffic on the road that Vietnam
used for one of its main invasions in
December 1978 came to a standstill.
Soldiers, stripped to their under
shorts, hung hammocks under trucks,
cooked rice by the side of the road
and draped their laundry from anti
aircraft guns in the final night before
signatures of more than 2,000 citizens
supporting its pro-democracy demands.
Church officials in East Germany
have intensified their calls for demo
cratic change as well. They say leaving
the country is no way to change it.
"Someone who is in Bavaria cannot
be of service to a patient at the Catholic
hospital in Erfurt (East Germany),"
East German Roman Catholic Bishop
Joachim Wanke has said.
Sources within the ruling Commu
nist Party, speaking on condition of
anonymity, said the drain of medical
personnel is so severe in the district of
Suhl that doctors there have been for
bidden to travel out of the country.
Officials have not released any fig
ures on how the exodus has affected
medical care or any other professions
or businesses.
value to advantage
Traders reported heavy selling on
the part of the central banks of the
United States, Japan, West Germany
and other major U.S. allies.
some of its efforts on the national or
ganizations and house ownership cor
porations of the fraternities, because
they have more direct control, he said.
"I'm not sure the University has a
great deal of formal authority."
brought against the member, they would
have to be done in the form of a piece of
legislation.
Other sections of the bill call for
members to be accountable to their
constituents and their "own individual
conscience," to report to the students in
their district at least twice a semester
and to increase the number of members
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News in Brief
the border crossing begins.
"I am very happy to be returning
home to my family,' ' said one soldier
from Thai Binh province. "I have
been in Cambodia for 10 years and
seen my wife only three times." ,
Zookeepers play matchmaker
PITTSBURGH Tomorrow's
baby zoo animals, from Aruba Island
rattlesnakes to Grevy's zebras, are
but a gleam in the eyes of zookeepers
and aquarium directors who are play
ing matchmaker this week for endan
gered species.
"We're playing God, all of us are.
I sit here and say who should do what
and when they should do it," said
Ron Young, an official of the Ameri
can Association of Zoological Parks
and Aquariums.
"It's important if we want to con
tinue on some semblance of what we
were living with orginally on this
earth. All of us realize we can't save
the world, but we save as much of it
as possible." Young, who works for
the Mesker Park Zoo in Evansville,
Ind., coordinates the nation's captive
breeding of black palm cockatoos, an
endangered large black parrot from
Papua, New Guinea.
He and about 1,000 other officials
from 140 zoos and aquariums around
the country are meeting at a down
town hotel for a week to match, bor
row and trade endangered mammals,
birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians
for breeding.
In some cases, the animals are
extinct in the wild, and zoos are trying
to build a captive population that can
be reintroduced into nature some day.
"It's better than not having any
thing," said Jack Gusham, of the
Oklahoma City Zoo, who oversees
the nationwide breeding of cheetahs,
an endangered species.
"Remember the bison," Gusham
said. "Back at the turn of the century,
there was just a handful and the New
York Zoological Society took them
to the Wichita Mountains in Okla
homa and they started breeding again.
They're the basis of all the bison in
North America."
services
The West German Frankfurter Rund
schau newspaper said Sept. 18 it was
told by church officials a number of
hospitals have had to replace employ
ees ranging from student nurses to chief
physicians.
The refugees who have fled West in
the past few months are mostly young
people who left behind good jobs, and
in many cases promising careers.
According to a study released Sept.
12 by West Germany's Ministry for
Inner-German Relations, the refugees
worked in industry, medicine and other
service-sector areas, crafts, administra
tion and education.
East Germany has a population of
16.6 million. No one has said the refu
gee exodus means economic disaster,
but the Communist leadership 'has
acknowledged it is causing problems.
The well-coordinated moves were
timed to back up a blunt statement
expressing displeasure with the dollar's
rise in value this year.
from page 1
A dry rush policy could work, but
only if all fraternities were forced to
comply, Schroeder said. "I've heard
from some fraternities that they would
rather do rush without alcohol, but they
wouldn't want to be an exception."
from page 1
on the Ethics Committee.
The committee now consists of the
three senior members of the congress,
Buchenau, Costner and Speaker Gene
Davis. The resolution calls for the
addition of two non-voting junior
members to the committee to allow
them to gain experience working in a
committee.
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