16AThe Daily Tar HeelThursday, August 30, 1990
Army advances on
Mohawk
barricades
. From Associated Press reports
MONTREAL The army moved
to within 650 feet of blockaded
Merrier Bridge Wednesday as nego
tiators tried to reach an agreement to
bring down Mohawk barricades and
end a seven-week-old confrontation.
s Four six-wheeled trucks, two front-.-
end loaders on flatbed trucks, and two
armored personnel carriers moved
closer to the Mohawk barricades.
. Reports circulated that the government
.had issued an ultimatum to Indian
. negotiators to settle or face army guns.
Army spokesmen would not confirm
an ultimatum was issued.
Soldiers near the village of St. Isidore
close to the Kahnawake reservation set
up six 1 05 mm howitzers in a cornfield,
aimed at the reservation and the blocked
Merrier Bridge.
The crisis began July 1 1 when Que
bec police raided Mohawk barricades
set up at Oka, 1 8 miles from Montreal,
to block expansion of a local golf course
onto what the Mohawks said was ances
tral land. A gun battle broke out be
tween Mohawks and police, and an of
ficer was killed. Responsibility for that
death has not been established.
Other Indian barricades were erected
in sympathy with Mohawks at Oka,
including blocking the Mercier Bridge
to Montreal. That blockade has infuri
ated commuters and local businesses.
About. 500 people stoned Mohawk
families leaving the adjacent
Kahnawake reservation on Tuesday.
About 100 men of the 2nd Battalion
set up positions near Mercier Bridge on
Wednesday and prepared for the re
maining 575 men of the battalion to
move in from Farnham 30 miles away.
Kahdneta Horn, a Mohawk
spokesman in Oka, read a statement
from Indian negotiator Joe Deom at a
news conference in Oka Wednesday.
It quoted army spokesmen as telling
negotiators at Dorval they were giv
ing the Mohawks a 2 p.m. deadline.
If no agreement was reached by
then, the army would move on the
barricades at the Mercier Bridge, the
statement said.
However, that deadline passed
without any such movement reported.
Suit charges NEA grant
violated Constitution
From Associated Press reports
WASHINGTON A lawyer sued
the National Endowment for the Arts on
Wednesday, alleging that its $15,000
grant for an artist's controversial exhi
bition displayed "open and notorious
hostility toward religion" and violated
the Constitution.
The lawsuit was filed against the
NEA and its chairman, John
ment from "funding, sponsoring and
endorsing works which promote blas
phemous and sacrilegious hate mate
rial." The endowment, an independent,
$ 1 7 1 million federal agency that under
writes a wide variety of artists and arts
organizations, had no immediate com
ment on the lawsuit.
The NEA is embroiled in a contro-
Frohnmayer, in U.S. District Court by versy over art, obscenity and freedom
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the Rutherford Institute, a non-profit
legal services organization, on behalf of
David Fordyce.
Fordyce, a lawyer, was described as
a "devout Christian" from Los Angeles.
The suit cited the NEA's grant last
year for 'Tongues of Flame," an exhibit
of works by David Wojnarowicz of
New York that was organized by Uni
versity Galleries at Illinois State Uni
versity. The Fordyce suit alleged that the
NEA-supported catalog for the
Wojnarowicz show included an image
depicting Jesus Christ as an intravenous
drug user. It said the catalog also refers
to Roman Catholic Cardinal John
O'Connor of New York as a "fat can
nibal" and "the world's most active liar
about condoms and safer sex."
Fordyce said NEA support for the
catalog conveys "a message of hate and
animosity toward institutionalized re
ligion" sponsored by the federal gov
ernment in violation of the First
Amendment's provision for separation
of church and state.
He asked the court for a permanent
injunction prohibiting the arts endow-
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of expression stemming from allegations
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servative lawmakers led by Sen. Jesse
Helms, R-N.C, that it has subsidized
obscene and sacrilegious works.
The endowment already is the target
of two other federal lawsuits in New
York and Los Angeles challenging
Frohnmayer's requirement that grant
recipients sign a pledge of compliance
with a congressional ban on using fed
eral funds for works that may be deemed
obscene.
Wojnarowicz could not be reached
by telephone for comment. But Barry
Blinderman, director of the Illinois
gallery, accused the lawsuit's sponsors
of "hypocrisy" and angrily defended
the artist's work against charges of
sacrilege.
"Before these people condemn the
NEA, they should remember that it was
the so-called holy men who didn't ac
cept Christ and turned him in,"
Blinderman said. "Jesus said 'judge not,'
and I recommend that these people
follow the precepts of the God they are
proclaiming."
The "Tongues of Flame" exhibit
opened at Blinderman's gallery earlier
this year and is now appearing at the
Santa Monica Museum of Art in Cali
fornia. John Whitehead, founder and presi
dent of the Rutherford Institute, told a
news conference here that the NEA had
"unconstitutionally used taxpayers'
funds to engage in actions which are
hostile toward religion and religious
persons."
"The government should not become
the patron of hate art against some of its
citizens," Whitehead said. "Religious
people must no longer be the personal
targets of cannon fire from National
Endowment projects."
Wojnarowicz previously had filed a
federal lawsuit in New York against the
Rev. Donald Wildmon and his conser
vative American Family Association.
In late June, a New York federal
judge ruled that Wildmon's group
probably had misrepresented
Wojnarowicz's works by including
fragments of them in a pamphlet titled
''YourTax Dollars Helped Pay for These
'Works of Art'."
The judge said the pamphlets, which
were mailed to members of Congress,
religious leaders and media outlets,
probably had damaged the artist's
reputation and the value of his works.
He issued an injunction forbidding
further publication of the pamphlet.
Incinerator
site ignites
battle of will
From Associated Press reports
OXFORD, N.C. Flora Mann has
been upset by many events in the four
months that Granville County has been
under consideration for a hazardous
waste incinerator. But she wasn't sur
prised to learn that threats of violence
had canceled a public hearing.
"Would they (members of the Haz
ardous Waste Management Commis
sion) lay down their lives to get it in
here? Because I think we'd lay down
our lives to keep it out," the 74-year-old
register of deeds said Wednesday as her
eyes which only minutes earlier had
been filled with tears flashed with
determination.
"These people don't think it's wrong
(to fight the incinerator). Sunday school
teachers tell them it's not wrong ... They
(commissioners) have brought civil war
upon us," said Mrs. Mann, whose house
and 60 acres of land sit in the middle of
the proposed site.
The commission is trying to find a
place to put a hazardous waste incin
erator, a solvent recovery facility and a
landfill. The facility will handle wastes
from North Carolina, South Carolina,
Alabama, Tennessee and Kentucky that
range from discarded paint cans to acids
and inflammable wastes from industries.
The hearing, scheduled for Thursday,
was canceled Tuesday when the chair
man of the county commissioners said
the state could not use J.H. Webb High
School for the meeting because of threats
of violence.
The commission now can try to re
schedule the hearing with 14 days' no
tice in a state-owned building in
Granville County, hold the hearing
outside the county or cancel the hearing
altogether.
Officials on Wednesday said they
never heard direct threats. Mike Warren,
chairman of the county commissioners,
said comments he heard were more
along the lines of: "I'm afraid there
might be violence at that meeting. I
have my reasons for thinking that."
But Warren said he heard that, or
similar, remarks "from more than one
place. I considered them real because of
the mood, because of the emotional
stress the county has been through. It
created a situation that could be volatile."
V