Newspapers / The Wilmington Dispatch (Wilmington, … / Aug. 12, 1917, edition 1 / Page 11
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.JllIjjE' WILMINGTON DISPATG ' V " . - - ' PAGE ELEVEN Germany and Germany i By CHARLES GRAY SHAW, Professor of Philosophy, New York University. It ia only within recent years that the flamboyant cry, "Deutscliland Ueber Alles!" haa conveyed any definite meaning. Nations are as much given to resounding niottos as college boys to yells and dealers to high sounding adver tisemeiits. Germany had a right taie above all things German, but the wings of the heraldic" bird of Prussian-are not supposed ito extends their ornithological sway to seas and steppes. :There siiould be no doubt now that Germany sought to Prussianize and Potsdam a much wider area . than "Thei.Watch on the Hhine" seemed to betoken. For this! reason ait has become expedient to keep watch oil both sides of th historic rivec Sailing down this romantic stream, tae Teutonic mind has begun to feel the mad spirit of the Lorslei, and while re do aot won der at the danger which threatens the skipper in his thoughtless; banjue, we fear leuthe wreck of the imperial skit may do- s&ae damage to hfcT craft along the shore. " " v We musfsettle with our Germanic ho3t, but the account demands payment in something more than war coin. .. We must sybject the German, to an analysis which his own and rather pedantic psychology has provoked1 within oar curious minds. Germany must come into the laboratory and have Its mental measure ments taken and recorded. The most apparent psychology of the mind Teutonic is to the effect that there are two Germanys German people and German poli tics. This distinction was made by President Wilson, who had had to solve more than one psychological problem before he put his name to his war proc lamation. There are Indeed two Germanys in t&. sense thatvtbere is; a dual cumber in the case of England and France, Russia and Italy, to say nothing of our western republics. But the German people have been so unable to see this obvious distinction that there is little' bopeofjthe people rising: against the Crown. A German revolution, a German magna charta, a German Unabbariig keitserkliirung, or declaration of independence, are things to- be dreamed of by other than German people Mr. Ackerman hap ventured this hope faintly and interrogatively in his war labelled Volume, "Germany the-Next Republic?" Others have tried to feel that the long suffering German worm would turn; but It seems as though Germany were likely to prove the exception to political rules and thus continue to hug its chains and return to: the .stone of its .smiting. There is a dual Germany,' however, in the sense" of that aid kuthetaJB; Kant ian, Gtethean affair," whose memory is bound to Temain precious" in the minds all who have the 'ability and willingness to make distinctions. That old Germany, spiritual, speculative and romantic, played Brunhilde. to Bismarck's Siegfried when it gave u its Valkyrie horse in exchange for'the ring of nev Germany, with its militant commercialism, only to have the new' Siegfried fall Into a fatal condition of obliviscence. In the. midst of political Insignificance Germany brought forth wonders of philosophy and music. Those whose praise does not fear exaggeritUori .when exaggftitton- senvs i appropriate dtil iiot-hesitate to refer to the culturer(biidung tut notltultur) of modern Germany-as' a tliinj,' not whoity unlike that Hellenlchumanlsmihich.-except for-dSporadic re vival in old Florentine days, had" suffered the descent ihtoJ 'Innocuous -desue-inde." Xhat was the old Germany; i8pliltfwhichye'j.ctniany its soul and made It a sort of cherub, a winged head--wtthoiTa bod. Aiiprecidting-ithlS cont flitimi of things, Eucken, who has been so sadly demoralized by the Frussian tnaos. sought to add significance . to the Schiller, ..commemoration1 of. 1903 by l"intiog out that then, in 1803, Geraany enjoyed an inner but act an opter unity, while now, in 1903, the outer arrangement of ..ifaiptg&jii! caused ther inner f-I'ii it of order to take to itself itpiroprlate wings.- 7 r '4 -; -' 8ucfh a psychological -distinction " must one make in analyzing the mind that Is German.. Its fine spirituality, or Geistigkeit, could ;not lie-dowuin lamb like safety by the side of the Prussian lion. The" old Germany is! dead, although onejnay greatly exaggerate the; depth; ofe its' dfeinWnfter ilS pea e of 1871 Nietzsche accused the Germans) of turning iheltf fictoryiiito'de; fwt. Since the end of the Franco-German War Europe, wliic lmsi been called "Ion to witness many a political paradox, fcas-seeli victorious Gerntany strive f-r its own undoing while defeated France succeeded in the swift payment Its war debt, as also in the creation of a new spirit in philosophy and poetry, t rance, not fJprmnnv tma ntwlnrPfJ thft culture about which so much has been said where not so much has been thought. iiuavs to become or tne country wmen nas uespiseu jiwtc ouu .auuicu .""'EHwiurd:' Mugerftf(I;in;-"expert tKl boat the wings are detaenaele. If thm boat comes down in a rough ! sea ii few 'Knocks wil! lietrftSjT planes J atd ilit. boat, vohici contains tte engine, which- is" also conhttted with -a rrplUr of brass, is thus cfrrc"; inio a swift mtor boat, well capable of standing rough weatbar and making ert safely", .., . . , : telp speculating-upon "the, future orucli a& 'enigmatical -iandr-Knowing-the AEROPLANE OUTPUT TR1TOED IK EtH3Niy Minister oft-Munitions Says Rate of Manufacture : instantly Is Accelerated.,. ; Special Dispatch, i: ii 'London, Saturday. Dr. Addison, M. ,JV Minister of Muni Uons. stated that the develoDment of the aircraft industry was one of the biggest tasks the Ministry had to face. Since January last, when the Ministry became reSponstble to-the Flying Services In mat ters""or supply," thr programme tiad-fce steadily and largely increased. It was still expanding, and. no limit could be set to It till we hai a sufficiency of aeroplanes and seaplanes both for attack and for defence. . .. . "The single fact," said Dr. Addison, "that ho fewer than 1,000 factories are engaged n some process or. other connected .with the construction and equipment of the flying machine proves the magnitude of the .work we have';in hand. , As for -.ut-put,.ltjj8 increasingi by Jeap and bounds. If, for the purposes of . comparison, you put the number of aeroplanes produced in May. 1916. at 100, then in May of this year the number rose to rather more than 300. Even this rate of increase is be ing accelerated. , The output in December will be twice what it was in April, and the December total will be far- surpassed In-succeeaing montns. 1 , ".The number of aeroplane engines turned outl monthly; has been more than" doubled this year already, and this total- will be doubled again before the close of the i'ear: What "these figures - involve In r- irnjiafiom' will ?Derhaosr; Ibe '','aonreclated when it -Is-jstated that i slngIe(Vcylihder bt the rotary engine involves rorty-eignt different operations in its manufacture. As for spare. parts, an enormous number has to' be" manufactured, as owing to the fragility'- of the; machine, its parts require frequent - r'eiiewat ;and "spares' must be ready to Hand, ;wbenever and;, wherever wanted; ' ; . X i.. -,. ' ' .' .-' "A.jgrowiBg number of workers are. em ploye'd in the " aeroplane factories the in crease in . the last five' months beting twenty-five per cehtoh the .previous total; Along, with this the replacement pf skilled workers by women has gone on,' the dilu tion percentage having -risen . from ' nine teen per cent to thirty rseven per cent. To meet the. demand for labor special schools have :been started all' over ..the country, where a" training . of.. aboMtVo-ihohts qualifies a "puptl to1 carry, out some simple process ; in a.eroplane .manufacture." 7 To C&mgel Growing J of Food Prdducfs Special Bispatch. 1 c. London, Saturday, In nmorhdum which, he has- Just circulated to- agricultural executive com mittees the presidentof the Board of Ag rlculture reminds these bodie3 that they have been granted powers to enter upon and to cultivate land which is not being pr operl jr 'utilized .f or food production, arid that in certain cases it may becozne neces sary to use them. "Compulsion," says Mr. Prothero, "s no less distasteful to the Board than it Js to; farmers, yet it may in certjain circum stances' become ia necessity. ' It has, of course, its limits. Unless the Committee Is prepared to cultivate the land itself it must consider the tenant's experience of arable farming, his command of the necesf sary implements, .and other similar points. In all cases the exercjs of com; pulsorypoWers Sh;cnljf always be the liatst resort, : but ? in- some1 it also remains the final resort. ; r "For instance, p niece of Inn la-aetected l by competent advisers as suitable for corn, and less productive of., animal ,r human food as grass than It would be under the nloueh. If the Executive Com mittee, after due consideration of all the circumstances, decide that the selected land must, in the interest of the nation, be ploughed up, and if negotiation,- argu ment, conference and -persuasion -have beeh tried unsuccessfully with' both! own ers and, occupiers, then, all other means having failed, the committee must proceed to compulsion, and will be supparted.by the Board. - . , . . i. ,. "The ploughing up of pasture may en tail a sacrifice. But the nation needs' the food. It.cannot farm the land Itself. f--It cannot make . agriculture a controlled es tablishment'It is obliged, from the cir cumstanced of the case, to leaye fooJ 'pro- auction m tne nanaaot jthose who own, occupy and till the : soil. ' Jqst fov-tliat very, reason it has th strongest claim h agriculturists to do their duty tc the ut- Messrs. Hutchinson will publish shortly an entirely new' biography, of Iamlrai'SJr Charles Napier, K. C. B., biy Mr. -Noel Williams: To vindicate the memory of the great seamaiu now recognized by - altjaaVkl autiorities to have-been the Victimrof ,tfi, most gross -injustice, is one 6fthe;ief objects of the work. For thus purposeCit mass of valuable' inaterial,:; including 'thel whole .Dt;'iilr. Charles Napier's cprrespon dence: w'lh. the Admiralty during th.e'Bak tlc expedition of 183, .has: been placed : at the author's disposal. V -t --t:;.?. reactionary nature of the German inihd, it is possible to conjecture. tjhat, iitsteiia of taktng1 a stey; forward toward democracy,-Germany may revert :to its Intel lectual type and thus tarn again", to; the rktl:io4iniut' iii$teid bfviryfe 3:hrbw the spirttrOfs etrniFontr worlds ,It will .be : long time before; Germarrpidhces another Goethe, ;! thbven or Hegel; but Germany. Is better atiaptedto this sort of eiigeuica jviad more likely to indulge in just this venture than, phe is' to. continued the yace? Of Crown Princes, Von Hindcnburgs and Von Tirpitzes. -. Vhen;.Wagnerfs"GeirSBlil)iiv C-Iybtanwas perplexed beyond the powers of his private pbI16sophy ito solve JiJ problems he appeaiea to jaraa; tne eartn spirit. 'li.jarna may oe uiqucea-to rise ar? One doea-not like to Dlay Saul among the prophets, yet one can hardlylf rom the earth and dispense wholesome advice she may.be a'cebmpaniedye spirit ot4hM GerJjmtyTCliidLkeliey the hadetrs T9AE TANNAGE Proj'ected Muiiitiohs- Plan! iir England - . Ameron Supplier. ; Special Dispatch. . i s ; : ; :' " '' liLdridoiv;fSaturday. ) Explaining;, the . decision to v discontinue work on the'blg exploslve- factory at Hen bury, near SHstol, which- was officially anounced in the Aaily Mall,'lif. Worthfiig- ton'Evahs'fiald'lh jthe'pu'ofVCdinmbna tliat it wa 'regSriiect''- as?" not belng 1 abso lutely necessary now that '.supplies from the United 'States were assured. When the" decision1 td "ferecf the 't aetorjr Was' "taken inCtoberJaat'TjlvljJvctMHbBecuia home supply of certain poWAer for .which we were dependent on" overseas upplls. The?e '.would ; be; b saving; ol. tptinage Jn importing the; tinisnea procuct rat.net: than in: importing' the "raw materiala and. carry- th'g: .'6h".:.the '" ftiariuf actue :t jer. Alt Ty.oang men'not required elsewhe:e'"-hq are' lia-ile to -military service.. wui' receive eaiung-up hoUces . i .wHaUf a; doBea'Jirga ontractprai? wf e 'en gageel on the : schemed ; The . jgoyernment was tb'biiild ffiiOtf ; houses fbr,"V6rk people and: a company had' heeh'; started for-the construction- of a garden city.1 Machine and: .work-sMbps- arei tbvbe: f bu:icaltred about ;WbV uPtll a 't ewm.Phthj-;agpiwai( well-tended pasture land,: from which 'the farfners ' Were' Hurriedly turne.'" Hedges had":hwn-''fcrul)bed''iaif'". by, tEe nille5: and - ocrr i.icvt uj-uio iiurturu' uivusu uyzitri; of. fields:; Yemain untouched . - '; ' ', '.. The collapse of th"schem;.w.as 'entirely unexpected-: by. the workers.- A party of uisvriiuiv ; 't'.AiiSiCi rcu uy vug ul vuc sjuu- tracforS : "f ro.iir!. the ii'6rth.?bf ScbtlaKd ' lia'd; tMv'leaffIg'ht,--ify?t:o:lh they would bet 'UseJrMLa of building jp, ;..-.-v.H j; :....v.-;'v 'I.) ' however complete ""the -work: of demoli4 tlbn; 'it Witt "b imp6ssib traces of what has Wen done.; No attempt' Kk -'-nifalci r'hsiichcei to-teat; up therba"rts--thejr hye been simply covered -wlth i; exca'va.d-;srf sleepers ' a-'fe' bing rem'oVedvfrom !the rail-w'a-.'c-htltv- crtthi:,emhatnRn;e.i-:i and lUUIiaaUUnS WJll ICIIlllU iy-JSUU . Hirers?-. ;w army, of woarkers haVe' been; '.; 1 Would Remove Lafayette . t - . Ashes to the Invalides Special Dispatch. ' ;; . u-aiiisi-Saturday.;! Georges Btrthoiilat r makes , a strange proposal. "He wants to remove the ashes of. Lafayette from Picpiis Cemeteryjo the Invalides and make; the affair a means of a great natiottat demoiistratlon: in favor of the friend of "Washington. . Mr. BBrthoulat is director of the Paris paper La Liberte and the Invalides "is the great building., near..; the Champ-de Mars;' where the . tomb'of Napoleon is built and nothing, but th$; wildest imagination could ever conceive of such' a totally impossible thJng as to do anything of the kind pro posed.;.,,.- . . . If the Iaf ayette family were to ask for this-the Lafayette- family would be al 'jwed, no doubt, to do ao. But? there Is just where Mr.: Berthoulat shows his er roneous ideas ..on, zhe subject. The Lafay etxe family, who have the say in such a matter, would never dream of sueh ,a . .. - i. : .-;.-.,:... . . -4,. No one can take the ashes of the Lafay ettijsbure"d;ln the ' picpus.Cemeterytany nipre than . they cango into . a private house- aiad say-to the owner: "I . want to -;f rolri ! tiieLhabn JUyTigricphi Jiff .-jafeathttS'plirli6d .;ftoi4teuiiaw xt the.w.neryrjjntiwong. gaieai uuiiup collection," Philippe la, eno.ere .von -rr i-aiy: x He -fias ihe son ' br tfieTlate t)uche'ss Galilesi: tbndbriH kh3 rein vast wit-tlth and an'ehthusiaroif br collecti- fag.; Froii hfe.boyhpod 'lh:th.i,sixties. ferf iM.ry. encouraeed by- hisj. mother. . collected stanips?' ah'd1 'nas : expended more .han '-. Jerra' amilgariiated several important collections, with. iiSownJ .So. tar back as WSr.hebbiglitiior-'th price of .JC8.OQ0 $40,000) the general collection formed "by '.the; late -Judge. PWlbrick,. a col lection; which- 'to-aajH-wouia ; De; . wprmas place ycur clock In another house, where Iv will ; please so , many people "to see it the-re.'. : ' . :. : :" Uuial3.:oree'there little con- cep don of ..what, the tomb of Lafayette is and why-things are as they are. Tour correspondent., got the following account from one who w? s Intimately acquainted with the family: .' ' ;:' :: " ; J- , Oine--Eiiteritoai'aravel In the French ; Revolution' some 1,300 men. and .women were guillotined,; near the Place de. la. Nation, ' To be tnore particular,- the 'iUo tift..was placed; at the Bar rier e de la Ti one, at the en trance of Paris, Just pu brftf e' of the .jsot now 'called ' Place de yd)ihoni'-h6Aitii -6t -.he victims referred 'tpj - cpmpriaiHg - tlie flower of. the French notiiity, ; were thrown, into , -an enorniQUS grave or fii tch and, left ' there. Later , on,. When things ,,be.ca me more calm, the;" relatives of the victimsi bought up " the ground rabont;the' big 'grave,' placed a fence abpti t ;the. 'place, " erec t ed a. cha pel jaea r by, and later established a.,thoTcughly equipped cpnvent surrounded , by high wails; -: . Thi3 c6hyent1bf,Picpus,Q being in. the rue Piicpus, is described Jay- yiccor Hugo in,"Les MIsir abk-s.r'.r-.-- -..7, --'' ; : y - , -.Wben; eneal , Lafayette was ,Jying;the asked- that 4 his. remains, should be placed as -.near'hose victlnis bufiedT In the big grave as -possible. ... This: was done. and .his tojb r 'a-inxlhi corner ,-bf thei graveyard coatlguou ,ppj the fenced-in grave . of.the i,isw- yictnps -or tne- iteveiution. .-. So" onewobld r think of - changing the sinnple-vplct -rw-itittaii f ordinary s-'fence" ;a! wouia,oe seen oa a maii American iarm. Therer iif the fplb-tj ;.'Sdii?i are a ".i ew stones," .whlcji date froirr: no one can- say wsehv; and; fj6m.t1 a?. tp.; tiaie the care-taker eifffie ntr4cn;iien15t this plot ands weeps the leaves away and cleans up a Jittle, and- thesn all. is as before. The few tombi In the-' graveyard adjoining must remain just as tney -are, according to the desires -of the.; families -who obtained on cessions;! frQni. the . Picpus Corporation.' The -Lafayette 'family own their Uctle cor ner' of the graVeyas'dl and tasy;wculd never think pf :reniwri.s,jthe rave of La Ta.yette any morittia'nTi iiiiMfniifat oiViikiajr tha. re. -i ..; ' - - - ' . mains of Washington from Mount Vernon, and -placing them under the dome of the Capitpl at Washington.;- .. 1, Once, and'oniy once, a year will the Cor-J poration ; of Picpus allow the public to' penetrate the grounds of the convent and , see the tomb of Lafayette. On the Fourth of July the Sons of the American Revolu tion, Empire State Society, organize' a little ceremony at the tomb of Lafayette. and they have to take .Jl responsibility i.or guuu oruer ana aecorum.. fnotogra phers are not allowed to go there and only American journalists are allowed to rdp-J resent the -Stourth Estate. Cards- of a4-( mission are exacted and policemen araj stationed at the gates of the convent - to; insure order. . In France cemeteries are' frequently 'the. place 'r where, demonstra-: Uons ere .held. and all political parties are more or less subject to , this , strange Idea', of making scenes at the grave of a political hero. . ; This is .why the .police are always stationed at the doors of the Picpus CPUi vent, i ring for Work War End Special Dispatch. ' ' -XUv. .. , . London,. Saturday. Energetic steps are being taken ' by rtthi government to enable firms to'., transfer their- productive powers from, wap work to peace work whenever the war ends., j , in some cases.: production ,. of certain' kihds of munitions has reached the high est. possible requirements," and' one or two ' firms not needed to continue such work are , being assisted to resume their, pre- war trade. . , " The Reconstruction C6mmltteea' plana for, this; Industrial reconstruction are Well advanced- and, many sub-committees are at work. - A : rapidly growing department of hfe Ministry, pf Munitions, known as the -clearing branch j.' has been set np to . arrange, the . transition to -' civil work o"f firms in. the engineering an allied tra4ea. v When peace comes three' essentials must be rapidly supplied :-orkW, i. e ; con tracts and orders Jfor firm's able to under take them; machinery; men! - ' . with regard to work,; the Reconstruc tion Committee 4s collecting a list of government-, contracts - and public "contracts which . have been Interrupted by the war, and also a list of what 'may ; bo described ' as :.lnternatio3 contracts orders f from foreign ..govern jaents . and . films for ! va ripus: goods. . - ;, - -r; f.:.-,.;4 .The deinobolizaOon of men Is also bei arranged. Prme- desiring the Tetnrn' of their. o)d employes will be able to get them from the. army at once." The Turther re- ' qulrementa ot local -industries .will be "con sidered by ofTicers of the Ministry of Munitions,-the National Service Departments, rh e' employment eXchan -res and th a trarfi oJhiPns concerned. In each . district the mu nltTon area of flee, will be "provided with a"; list.-of -menrin the-army from' the? dls-" trlct'sand. the trades in which they were' engaged before (the War. ; S f . J Many firms engaged in these peZce' con tracts will require financial assistance, and, this, will be provided by the Trade Bank organized by the Board; of Trade. Preference uwill : be given " in re'suminj? peace work to what may be described as Key industries, such as mining and brick making,-which provide the. raw material for other industrU-B. - . :'-,- , 7 i;i 't ; i i . .
The Wilmington Dispatch (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Aug. 12, 1917, edition 1
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