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TH f ftANKLIN PRESS AND THE HIGHLANDS MACONIAN
THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1937
Humanitarian Program
Goes Into Effect Today
By JACK RILEY
(In Raleigh News iand Observer)
North . Carolina will undertake
Thursday the; administration of
social legislation broad enough in
scope to touch every family in the
state. So comprehensive will be
its nature that few will escape its
direct results and ; none will avoid
its indirect influence. 1
The dirtiest street urchin and the
banker's son, the aggressive young
worker and the feeble old invalid,
youth and age all will grasp the
helping hand of the State.
July 1 North Carolina will sqt
out to assuage, the hardships of
physical handicap, to allay the
helplessness of old age, to encour
age and protect the worker at his
machine and to dispel the shame
of ignorance.
Six gigantic warriors on human
ills will begin a battle to free the
prisoners of social and economic
bondage in a humanitarian army the
size of which has never before
been mobilized in tIie history of the
state.
Those warriors are : Assistance to
Aged Needy, Aid to Dependent
Children, Aid to the Blind, Maxi
mum Hours Law, Child Labor Law
and Free Textbooks.
Aid to Unfortunates
More than 24,000 needy aged,
who by virtue of poverty or inca
pacity must look to others for sub
sistence, will enjoy monthly bene
fits of from $8 to $15 dependent
upon the extent of their needs.
These monthly payments will go to
persons eligible above the age of
f& vpars Fnnr million r1nll:ir? inr
more will be expended annually for
this alone, half the expense borne
by the Federal government and the
other half by State and counties.
For dependent children, more
than $1,500,000 will 4c spent an
nually to relieve the misery of 22,
000 children hitherto faced by pov
erty and the charity of their
friends. Their , monthly assistance
will range from $4.50 to $8. This
payment will be shared equally by
federal, state and county govern
ments. -
Nearly 2,000 blind throughout the
state will feel the security of $170,
000 a year distributed by the state
commission for the blind.
Will Require Time
All three benefit plans go into
effect Thursday, tout it isn't as
simple as all that. The registra
tion of 60,000 eligibles for assistance
and the allotment of their indi
vidual needs is no small task.
In that respect, the assistance
plan extends its effect to the men
and women who will administer the
laws and receive more than $300,
000 annually to starch their white
collars. The administration as pro
vided for by legislative act re
quires an intricate and extensive
network of relief agents, holding
their jobs by politiial appointment.
Upon these workers rests the
responsibility for investigating every
case where financial assistance, is
needed in North Carolina, certify
ing the eligibility of the individual
and getting the certificate through
the state board of allotment and
appeal. .
Those eligible for assistance are
expected to file their applications
"very promptly," but officials as
signed to the administration see
. little chance of forwarding the
long-awaited relief checks before
August 1, a month after the law is
effective.
New Labor Laws
Another phase of the state's hu
manitarian undertaking and one
that will go into effect promptly
after July 1, is the legislation de
signed to protect the working peo
ple of North Carolina against, ex
ploitation the maximum hours and
child labor laws. 1
Rent by exemptions attached to
the model bill by the 1937 general
assembly, the new labor laws lost
much of their appeal to those fight
ing on the side of labor. Yet, the
final acts hold much of benefit for
the working man and form a solid
foundation for far-reaching labor
legislation.
Major A. L. Fletcher, who as La
bor Commissioner, will administer
enforcement of the statutes, says
of the maximum hours law.
Maximum Hour Law
"This law brings to more than
200,000 workers in North Carolina
a sharp reduction in hours of labor.
North Carolina has had the long
est legal work day for women of
any state in the union, 11 , hours.
The new law reduced it to nine
and replaces a 55-hour week with
a 4H-hour week.
"Henceforth there has been no
limitation for men. The new law
provides a 10-hour day and a 55
hour week for many thousands of
North Carolina workers. I . am
proud of this as I am of the gain
for women, because few states . in
the union have done anything at all
along this line."
He estimated that the. new law
will apply to approximately 95,(XX)
cotton textlc workers, 2,000 in
woolen mills, 12,000 in silk ami
rayon, 30,000 in hosiery and under
wear manufacturing, 20,000 in to
bacco factories, 18,000 in wood
working and 25,000 -in miscellaneous
establishments.
Child Labor Law
Under the 1937 child labor law.
children under 16 will be removed
from factories and hazardous occu
pations, children 16 to 18 will be
required to show employment cer
tificates to work, and minors under
18 will be prohibited to work' in
any store, cafe or other establish
ment where beverages of any alco
holic content was sold.
Children 14 to 16 will be limited
to eight hours a day vacation em
ployment and six hours a day after
school hours work. Those under
16 may not be employed before 7
o'clock in the morning nor . after 6
o'clock in the evening. -Free
Textbooks
The state will spend $1,500,00 a
year to supply, free books to 170,
000 students. .
. Rightly the taxpayer may raise
the question : "Do 1 get my money's
worth from this huge program de
manding millions in additional reve
nue." High governmental officials point
to the stabilizing effect and the in
crease in public confidence and
morale as definite changes that will
return to the taxpayer a good part
or all the money he turns into hu
manitarian ' channels,.
Enacted in 1937 for two years du
ration, . these laws, face two possi?
bilities in 1939: enlargement on the
strength of their initial success or
rejection because of their failure.
The failure of the 1939 legisla
ture to make sufficient appropri
ations for the existing, agencies
would mean the collapse of the
whole social security program,
nurtured through federal foster
fathers.
North Carolina, however, fore
sees no such conclusion but rather
an increasing public consciousness
of the social responsibility of the
fortunate for the unfortunate.
For North Carolina these efforts
are comparatively new. Two years
will tell.
State College Answers
Timely Farm Questions
.Q. Please give me the dates of
farm and home week at State col
lege this summer. 1 have seen two
different dates announced.
A. Farm and home week will be
held August 2 to 6, Monday
through Priday. Delegates shouh
register Monday, August 2, as the
opening exercises will be hel
Monday evening in Riddick Sta
dium. Rooms in the college dormi
torics will be assigned free to vis'
itors as long as space is available
After that, visitors may secure
rooms nearby the campus at a
nominal price. John W. Goodman
is general secretary of farm and
home week and those desiring in
formation about the program shouh
write to him at State college.
Q. What steps can be taken to
prevent infestation of my chickens
with worms?
A. There is no method that will
guarantee the absolute elimination
of worms, but the worm hazard
can be reduced to a minimum if
the ranges are kept free from low
areas that hold moisture for a long
period of time and if the breeding
places for immediate hosts such as
snails, dung nectlcs and house flies
are destroyed. The dropping boards
should be screened and when clean
ed the droppings should be removed
far enough from the range so the
birds cannot get to them. It is also
well to plow up the ranges used for
rearing chicks each year and sow
this in a good grazing crop. If
these precautions are taken the
worm infestation will be reduced to
a minimum.
Pulpwood Prices Set
By Forest Service
Regulations governing the sale of
pone pulpwood stumpage from na
tional forest land have been an
nounced today by Joseph C. Kirch
er, regional forester of the U. S.
forest service. Of special interest to
private land owners in the slash
pine section will be the minimum
price of $1.00 per standard cord for
pine pulpwood stumpage sales on
national forests in region 8.
As in the case of saw timber
sales, pulpwood stumpage must be
sold on competitive bid basis in
accordance with the department of
agriculture regulations. Payments
are based on actual measurements
of timber after it is cut and stack
ed by purchaser, and in no in
stance will bids of less than $1 per
cord be received. Mr. Kircher stat
ed that the minimum price of $1
was set because he believed that
unless at least that much could
be secured for stumpage, it was
better business to hold it for future
sale.
A standard cord contains 128
cubic feet of stacked wood. If four
foot wood is cut, a stacked cord
will measure 4x4x8 ft. Units used
by the pulp and. paper industry may
contain 1 or cOrds, depending
on whether the lengths, are 4l2 or
5 feet. The price per cord some
times depends on its accessibility
to a mill.
"Pulpwood from national forests,"
said regional forester Kircher, "Will
be obtained primarily frora thin
nings and improvement cuttings."
A farmer is a farmer only when
he is farming and when he engages
in other business or employment
he comes under the social security
act.
Farm Implements, Trucks and Tractors for
Haywood, Jackson, Swain, Macon, Clay, Gra
ham and Cherokee counties.
fi- .
Farmall 12 Tractors, McCormick-Deering
Grain Binders, Mowers and Hay Machines,
Chilled Plows, International Trucks.
. .
There is more leisure and more profit in
farming the modern way, with modern machin
ery. McCormick-Deering International ma
chines are the last word in simplicity, utility;
economy of operation and durability.
Employment Service
Places 2,239 In Week
Private placements by the North
Carolina stete employment service
reached in all-time peak during the
week ending June 12 when 2,239
private placements were made. Of
this, number, 1,725 were temporary
placements in agriculture or season
al work.
Other peali weeks in the private
placement record Were on May 1,
1937, when 1,730 private placements
were made and on February 20,
1937, when 1,679 private'placements
were rride.
Private placements for the week
of June 12 constituted of 66.5 of
the total 3,364 total placements.
This record brings the percentage
of private to total placements well
above 50, for the current fiscal
year. '.
During the week, the" Sanford of
fice of the '.Employment Service
made 1,071 private placements,
which is the largest number of
private placements ever " made by
any one office of the state em
ployment service in a single week.
Mother, most hospitals now
protect their babies against
germs and skin-infection by
rubbing Mennen Antiseptic
Oil all over the baby's body
every day This keeps the
baby's skin healthier and
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