Newspapers / The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, … / Oct. 25, 1901, edition 1 / Page 6
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*.\i. AAA A A A AA A A A A AAAAA AA * :i Farm Department. > CONDUCTED BY J. M. BEATY. 3 J* ?.* vvvv w w m v t * ww rrrwr? 1AKING UP STUMPS. In tln> l?est farming communi ties land is not considered fullv j cleared until thestumpsaretaken from the fields. It is surprising that farmers in any section will work around them year after year and never try to get them out of their way. Weknowfields that have been cleared fifty years and the old light wood stumps arestill there to hinder thefarmer. Stumps hinder work when cul tivating the crop. Therecan not be as much nor as good plowing done in fields where they are. The hoe is hindered by them even more than the plow as it has a large part of the plow's work to do where tne land is stumpy. Hoeing around them is hard work and it seems to us that a farmer would not hoe around many before he would resolve to take them up and get them out of his way. Stumps hinder the crop yield. | From one to two stalks of corn j or several stalks ot cotton could be made in the place occupied by a stump. Stumps break plows and other farm tools. The item of break- J age alone would help consider ably in paying for taking them up. There never was a time when improved farm implements and machinery were in such demand as now, but they cannot be used j safely and successfully unless the fields are freed from stumps. | Much grass was wasted by leav ing it in the fields this season be cause the land was too stumpy to run a mowing machine. This hay was all needed for the stock. Improved methods of farming require that land be put in the best possible condition every way. Stumps cause land to wash. Hillside land or land that is some what rolling cannot be stopped entirely from washing while they remain. Water will be turned out of some rows by stumps into others and thereby washes are started and a wash ouce s? arted is hard to stop. Some farmers look on getting up stumps as the hardest work ever done. This is a mistake. Much of the work done on the farm is as hard as that and some j is even more so. Go at it and you will not find it so bad. Some 1 have them taken up by the regu- J lar farm hands. Others have it ( doue by paying so much each. 1 Where they are mostly small you ) can have them taken up at three ^ cents each; others would cost you r four cents each, and where they are mostly large it is worth about five cents each. The farmer who gets stumps from three or four acres each fall and winter will soon find his farm free from them. The writer advised a farmer a year ago to takethestumpsfrom his fields. He said he could do any farm work other than this but he could not do it. Later, however, he decided to make a beginning and got along far bet ter than he expected. About' three hundred were taken up and he says now all that remains must come up this winter. The crops will soon be housed and November and part of De cember is tiie best time to do this work. It should be commenced , as early us possible as it is hard j to do much at it in midwiuter when the ground is so much of the time very wet or frozen. Concerning Fertilizers. You ask me what brand of fer tilizer might be best. If there is any one thing, aside from the common injudicious use of fer tilizers that our farmers err in it is the buying of their fertilizer by the hi and name. They should buy the analysis of the goods and get that which their land tie ds without an}' attention to w hat particular name it is called, for there are hundreds of brands that are all made of the sunn materials ill the same projior tions, and the only difference it them is the tirami Very oftei two brands are put up and hotl taken out of the same pile. Tin important things in a complete fertilizer ate the nitrogen (whicl the fertilizer men generally pu on the bags as ammonia, becauw the figures look larger. Ammonit is a hydride of nitrogen and t ie nitrogen is all that is of value ii the ammonia.) Phosphoric acit and potash. Now if the farmer, ii practicing a good short rotatioi of crops and is bringing in peai or clover on his land every tnre< or four years, he does not need t< buy a complete fertilizer, for In can get nitrogen or ammonia In needs through the peas or clover After a while pernapsour farm ers will realize that the feeding o live stock and theftnaking o manure is worth nuWe to then than the dependence on the fer tilizer mixer, and then they wil realize that the place for a libera application of the phosphorii acid and potash is on the legunn crop. A crop of peas that liai been liberally fertilized with acic phosphate and potash will no only give a larger crop of foragi to feed to stock but from th< greater development of roots wil be able to fix more nitrogen ii the soil, and in a little whil tnrougn a gooa rotation oi crop we can get to the point where w< ne*e*el only uhc the aeiil to help th growth of the peas or closer,ant they will do the rest for us in abet ter manner than the direct appli cation to thegraincrop. When i farmer raises forage enough ti feed stock enough to make ma nure enough to broadcast hi corn field, he is getting to a larg ex ten t*i ndependen toft he fert i lize man, for the broadcast applies tion of good manure from wel fed cattle will not only make bin corn, but the small grain cro| following the corn can be mad from the same manure, and if tbii is followed by peas to which i liberal application of acid phos phate is made the crop following these*will be better without fer tilizer than if there had beennom applied to the [teas and some hat been given to the crop direc whether this be cotton or whea or what not. An application o three to four hundred pounds pe acre of acid phosphate on tin peas will tell more in the perma nent improvement of thesoilthai a complete fertilizer applied t( the sale crop. It will be better because it addi more humus or vegetable decae to the soil, and this will make al fertilizer applications more effec tive. The past two seasoni should have taught a yaluabli lesson to the cotton farmers o North Carolina. Last year owing to the intense droughi that prevailed, the land destitute of the moisture retaining humui failed to dissolve the fertilizer anc it was largely lost, for the nitro gen was all washed out in the winter. This year the opposite ionditions have done about the same thing. In the manufacture of fi'rtilizers for the crop of this season the manufacturers found that nitrate of soda was unusu ally cheap, and a majority ol them used this to aeld nitrogen fo their fertilizers. Nitrate ol soda dissolves very rapidly in the soil in presence of moisture, and all over the land we see high sandy soils on which these fertili mrs were applied where the farm ers say that the cotton has been irowned out by the heavy rains. Fhe fact is that it has not been irowned out at all. It has been starved out by the heavy rains .vashing the soluble nitrate out >f the reach of the plants. Now f these men tiad had plenty ol vegetable matter in their soils lirough the growing of peas, here would have been organic utrogen coining into use all brought the summer, and the :rop would have been fed instead >f beingstarved by all the nitrate vashing away. The lesson then that thecotton anner should learn from these wo seasons is the folly of a de lendence upon commercial fer tilizer ulone for the getting of ;rops, and the important of growing peas orclover in a short rotation to supply them with the needed organic matter both in the roots of these plants and in the manure that would be made rom the feeding of a ricji food material. This brings us to the point ol noticing the difference in manure. Manure made from animals that stand out all winter and have mily straw or shucks to eat, or sven cotton hulls, is very poor stuff. The manure made from lighly nitrogenous food like pea lay or clover hay and grain is ilso rich in the nitrogenous ele ment, and a load of this manure s worth four times or more than ? a load of the common maifure - on nianv farms. Shucks and cot i ton seed hulls are poor feed and i iM>or feed makes poor manure, l for the plant food must be in the ? feed before we can get it in the a manure. i Then too the manure that is t made under cover and is at once ? hauled out on the land is worth i far more than the same manure ? left in an open lot for the rain to i| wash its valuable constituents i out and let run down the hill, s Spread out oil the field where i some plant will ere long be grow s ing, the manure loses less than e in any other way. The clay soil > will absorb thesolubleparts that a would run to waste in the yard e and will hold it till some plant . calls for it. And vet, almost in sight of f where i write a man owning a f dairy farm built his stables on i top of a sharp hill right above a - branch. He has a dry cow lot, 1 for the best part of las manure 1 washes right away to the branch, [? and his farm got little better through years of dairying which s should have made it rich. , i A writer in oneof the Northern t Agricultural papers recently said t? that he had seen farm after farm e in New York State where the ma 1 nure has been left lying under tin i eaves of the barn for a year oi e more leaching away. 1 replied s that nothing of that sort could e be seen among our southern farin e ers because they did not have tin 1 cattle to make the manure, and - of course did not pile it under tin eaves. Hut what little they havt i in many places is left in the open ) lot till it is hardly worth tin - hauling even if it had been good s manure in the first place. e Hut there is a growing interest i' in stock keeping in some parts ol - the State, and strange to say 1 there is more of this interest in ? the Eastern part of the Stat* > than in the i'iedmont section e that is even better adapted to s live stock husbandry than tin t east. We can grow the feed tor cattle J cheaper than the farmers of the - North and West can, and our soil e needs the home made manure 1 worse than theirs, yet we still t keep on in the cotton districts 1 grdwing three bales of cottem for f every steer we fatten, while we i' should be fattening three steers e for every bale of cotton, and in - the tobacco districts our farmers 1: are afraid to enrich their lands >! for fear they will damage the to bacco crop. Hetter quit the to s bacco if it condemns you to pov ,? erty of soil and go to growing 1 grain and cattle and enrich the - soil and make more in the end s than tobacco will make. I know e one man in the State of Mary t land, in tact l nave known two , i there, though one is now dead, tl who became millionaires at farm 3 ing with wheat, corn and clover. i Oneof these, Capt. Andrew Wood 1 all, of Kent county, Maryland, is - now 8.'$ years old and still directs 1 personally twelve of the thirty * farms he owns, and his crops this ; year were one hundred thousand ?! bushels of wheat and one hun tjdred and twenty-five thousand 1, bushels of corn. He has become ? more than a millionaire at farrn [ ing, and yet there is nothing i more common than to hear men r say there is no money in farming ? right here in a country where the I .cotton crop properly managed is i a far more profitable crop than ? the grain crops that have made ? ('apt. WoodalVs millions. i But he and his tenants fa km and do not gamble on the chances i with a. little fertilizer in the hill, i And we have here in North Caro i lina thousands of acres of land that would grow larger crops of wheat and corn than thelandshe undertook to improve years ago. We need here men with means who have faith in North Caro lina soil, and faith in good farm ing.?W. F. Massev in North Carolina Christian Advocate. vy no reflection so Zi dainty, no light so W charming as the ' ,1 mellow glow that cornea from 1 CORDOVA [Wax Candles] 1 Prepared ir; many eC'or tiiito I i to harmonize with tar- / V ronndinii i ? din ins / ^ \ room, drawing room, / . La bfl romu ?r hall. Hold / i ??erj*nete. Mod# by ? li StXNDXBD^^^ Opfiiim c?caine ^^wH|s|<Y I I U IS VI Habits C?l?4 at yo?ir ham* or at aanttorium IWt of Hook on Horn* T-?atm?at sent FKfcE AdJreaf tf. M. WOOl.tiY, M. I).. box J J. Atlanta, (Ja. MAKE HOME HAPPY. We km>\f nothing you can buj that would add more to the happiness oi your home than A GOOD - ORGAN. ? We want to sell you one. We keep the ESTEY, a strictly high grade ' instrument. Headquarters at R F. Smith's Furniture Store. Call and see these Organs. BENSON ORGAN CO., Robert F. Smith. RPMSON M C Joseph G. Smith. UENdUrN, 1>. C. O10-2m. | NEW GOODS | ?e Jus; received at our .store a large stock of new foods uf ? Jfi for the fall and winter trade. Big stock of K ! Dry Goods, Dress Goods and Trimmings, jjf ; S NOTIONS AND HATS. B ' Sj Shoes to fit and suit everybody. Dress Shoes a Q . S specialty. & % Clothing lor Men, Boys and Children * ffl It will please you in quality and price fS [ yj The ladies are invited to examine our new millinery. mS J SETII ALLEIN & BROMER, % J ffi BENSON, N, C, g MILLIINERY And Other Goods, Just r ceived my new stock of Fall and Winter Millinery, HATS IN DIFFERENT STYLES. Shapes and colors trimmed to order. A full line of Silks, Satins, Ribbons, Fancy Hat Pins and other hat trimmings as cheap as can be sold. Miss Willie Creech has charge of Millinery Department. Keep also a tail siock olDry Goods, Notions, Hals, SHOES, GROCERIES AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE. /\. CREECH, Olo?2m Four Oaks, N. C. M a> M ^ M & n If 02 ? M T3 ft? ?? M CD n &> X ? If 3 M ^ H .s Tn If C8 I S istf?f? nssst a M <3 n O 0 ST |f w M >?? ? W I o M o M aT m in M td ft ^5* j Furniture! Furniture! Furniture! I am here for business and want you to give me a trial btfore you buy your furniture, of any and all kinds. Your bicycles, the best in the wide world. ENLARGING PICTURES A SPECIALTY. Picture Frames. Mouldings, Pictures and Easels. Wardrobes, Mattre>ses and Lounges. Coffins and . JV" Caskets Of all Kinds & Sizes ROBES AND SLIPPERS TO SUIT. Thanking you tcr your past patronage, and soliciting a continuance of tame, I remain, Yours to serve, R. F\ SMITH, BENSON, N. C. FARMERS Can Save Money BY BUYING MONEY-SAVING TOOLS. lU/ to send catalogues of each If 6 WuMl of the following to every ? Farmer in the State. J WRITE A POSTAL CARD FOB ONE: The CORN CROP can ho doubled by using J a IH'SKEK and SHREDDER. It husks ? t - corn and delivers Into wagon or crib and shreds or cuts the stalk and fodder at tns same time into splendid feed and delivers it into barn or stack. FEED MILES, which grind corn and cob or shelled grain into meal. HAM) or POWER FEED CUTTERS, with travelling feed table. HORSE POWERS with FEED MILLS ' attached, and for running Feed Cut ters, Wood Saws, etc. FANNING MILLS for grain and seed. GRAIN DRILLS, both disc and hoe. Itngiries, Carriages, Wagons and Har ness, from the firiest to the humblest. We have the largest stock in the South. SORGIII'M MILLS and Evaporators. WIRE FENCING of all kinds. The best and cheapest and will last a lifetime.;' Wood Patent SWING CHURNS by far the hest. SEND FOR CATALOGUES OF ANY OF THE ABOVE. THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY , 1302 1304 East Main Street, : : : RICHMOND, VIRGINIA r MOVED To Brick Store, *444*4*?tF?fr We have moved across the railroad to the new brick build ing near the Sehna iManafac turing Co. We ,hall keep a complete line of GROCERIES, FRUITS, CONFECTIONERIES AND VEGETABLES. Canned Goods for sale. Coun try Produce a specialty. Come and see us at our new stand. J. M. VINSON & CO., Selma, N. C. July 1-tf. CLOTHING ArSD A. OTHER GOODS. IF YOU WANT CLOTHING, SHOES, HATS, SEWING MACHINES, COLLARS, TIES and other Gent's Fur* nishing Goods CALL TO SEE ME. I make Clothing my spe cialty and keep men's, youth's and boys' suits in good grades as well as cheap grades. K. KORNEGAY, 08-2m Pine Level, N. C. FALL and Winter Goods. A lot of Dry Goods just reci ived. Shoes a spc cialty. I keep also -Notions, Hats, Groceries, Glassware, tinware, Can' dies, Medicines, Toys and General Merchandise I call sell you good* cheap as anybody and cheap as they can be sold. ALEX. WIGGS, PINE LEVEL. ?. C. (?u'm BUY THE CELEBRATED AUBURN WAGON. The Auburn Wagon Co. have consigned to me one car load one and two horse wagons which I will sell cheap for cash or on time. Come to see me before buying Respectfully, W. L. FULLER, SMITHFIELD, N. C. At a New Stand I SHALL OCCUPY the corner store in front of the depot in order to have room fur my fall stock. Dry Goods, Notions, Groceries, FRUITS, CONFECTIONERIES and Vegetables can be bought of me as cheap as the cheapest I ask your patronage. W. H. WESTBROOK, PINE LEVEL, N. C. 0?-2m
The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 25, 1901, edition 1
6
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