Newspapers / The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, … / Jan. 5, 1906, edition 1 / Page 2
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Size of f >051 n History Impression Left on the Mind of the Treading Public by Another Year's Drama of Hu man Activities That Shape Forth Civilization's Future. ??????????? By EDWIN S. POTTER Prosperity's Presence Brightens the business World One fact Is writ large over the face of the year'* Industrial and commercial activities, especially in our own land. Whatever may he said of the equity or i inequity of the existing eeouPnile sys tem and of the distribution of opportu- j nlties. on unprecedented era of business | prosperity is with us beyond cavlU The hesitation which marked the presi dential campaign of 1904 gave way to | confidence after Hoosevelt swept the , country. Money became plentiful. Prices of staple-products and nego tiable securities advanced. At home and abroad enormous orders for iron and steel products, machinery and ag rlcultural Implements, fuel aud i Itinds of raw material set mines, mills *uu iacuities to iuuu.ua . The settlement of extensive strikes in the building trades paved the wayfr ? phenomenal spurt In residence and ; office construction in nearly all of our , Clties Railroads, trolley combines and shipping Interests went into new and vast schemes of extension and Improve ment. Lastly, but at the [wndatlon of the whole structure, was the d cisioa of our farmers to increase the , acreage under cultivation, si? being the cotton planters, who made some restriction In order to maintain prices The result, weather favoring and improved method, helping, made , possible^ Secretary Wilson's story of record breaking crops to ? adcl,n tl nation's Thanksgiving day, ^e total im | crement of agricultural wealth being estimated at **.415.000.000. In the spring of the year this condl lion of affairs was noticeably refl^| in the universal shortage of freight car. on all the great railroad highways, notwithstanding that the car construe,! ?on companies had been running full blast to till enormous orders for rolli g stock The Missouri Pacific and the Burlington engaged In a ^"rp rn o war in the rivalry of gulf and Atlantic ports for western grain last *Pring' T* Jater in the summer eastern trunk lines suffered slightly from a temporary pe Tiod of rate cutting. Progress uus made toward through trolley linea be tween Buffalo and Chicago and other western points. The management of the Vanderhilt system of railroadsi was centralized under the single headship, of President Newman. Gould became supreme In the Wabash after forcing, Ramsey out. Hill and Harriman reach ed a settlement by dividing the north west between them. Our foreign come merce as recorded at the end of the fiscal year was over *2,500,000.CM*>. an, increase of *184,000,000 and the largest on record. This meant prosper.tj to; shipping interests, no. Withstanding ^ the trust as such reported a million . deficit. . Our export trade encountered one dangerous antagonism In the t hiuese , bovcott, which was begun May 1>? by , the action of the Shanghai chamber of commerce, presumably inspired by powerful officers of the empire in r. taliatiou for the rigors and insults com j nected with tlie admhilstratlon of the , American exclusion law. The great life insurance companies, which began the year with their cus- j tomarv reports boasting of gains and surpluses, have passed through the chastening fires of iuvestigat on aml reorganization following the strife be-, tweeu the H.vde and Alexander fat tions for the control . oi iiie i,i|im;>nie. Just as that great institution appeared about ready for a recei vershi p tile powerful financial band of Tliomas F. Ryan seized control irtid handed it over | to the trusteeship nf PT-Prpaliltinf Thomas F. Ryan. Cleveland and two others iu the inter est of mutunlizatlon. At the same time Paul Morton beeanie the society's of ficial head. The extravagances and Ir regularities disclosed iu the Equitable by its own Investigation and that of the state insurance commissioner were followed by aluiilur disclosures iu the New York Life, the Mutual and others and shocking corruption In all of them under the scalpel of Counsel Hughes ? for the Armstrong New York state leg islative committee. The McCurdys had to get out of the Mutual and others were expected to follow. The Immedl-j ate effect on the commercial side was reform and economy. Missouri led the way In the campaign for restitution by1 ordering the offending companies to1 ?iutt the rtate. The trend toward commercial com tdn which was notable In many s.ues. the locomotive trust, smelters' ti hank and trust compa nies' combirn, n hold ing com panics and the poUcij u en countered sharp hi t futile opposition In tbo state of Kansas in connection with the oil Industry. 1 It has been a period of great Indus trial achievements, among which the 1a wis lr.d Clark exposition at Port land, Ore, 'Ota Jure to O<:oher, w'th and a JO per ecu I muueudj to its credit, ranks high. The 10,000 horsepower turbines at Niagara were set in motion in January. The Cornell dam in the Hudson, said to he the greatest masonry Job in the world, was completed Feb. 5. The Himplon tunnel under the Alps from Switzer land to Ituly, twelve uud a half miles loug, was opened April 2. Purification of Politics Begun by Anti-Graft Revolt In tlje history of American politics the year 1005 will mark an awakening of the nation's voting citizenship to a new realization of its responsibilities and its powers and as the beginning of the end of the kind of commercial ized party dictatorship which for more than a generation had held the mass of voters in thrall. The fact that the national issues of monetary standard, tariff and imperialism had been left behind with the receding presidential year and that the iiepublican party was more strongly intrenched in pow er by reason of President ltoosevelt's phenomenal personal popularity with the people of all sections tended to clear the track for the entry of reform knights In the several cities and state tourneys armed with the lance of an awakened popular conscience against which the puppet riders for the party bosses could avail nothing. Next to the president himself In his ceaseless advocacy of new legislation to give central government adequate power to tlx rail road rates, prevent rebates and other wise control the great Interstate cor porations, no per sonal figure has I stood out with so much meaning and promise of better things as that of William Tracers Je rome, who was re elected as district attorney of New York city as a free District Attorney Jerome. I unco candidate in open defiance of all party machines and bosses and with ail the forces of the great city's'crim inal and graft elements arrayed against him. Jerome's light was for a princi ple of direct and unrestricted popular expression, which is typical of what any community in the land may do in overturning party machinery and boss dictation. The demolition of bosses caused by the flood of conscience ballots on Nov. 0 is recent enough to be fresh in every mind. Pennsylvania's turning of the half million majority for lioosevelt into a 50,000 plurality for the Demo cratic state treasurer candidate, Berry, and the crushing defeat of the Phila delphia contract combine by the re the leadership of Maypr Weaver were only comparable to the decisive retire ment of the Ohio Republican bosses by over 100,OtX) in favor of Pattison, Democrat, for gov ernor. The shake ill) in both of these Elihu Root. great Republican strongholds of the I cast, which elected Democrats to office, was conceded by all to mean a tri umph for the Roosevelt administration. In Philadelphia no one thing so much strengthened the hands of Weaver as the letter from Elihu Root just before the great New York attorney entered the cabinet to take the chair vacated by the es'li of Secretary Hay. His bold e! nu .eri '.ation of the Peurosc Durhai org in! :atlou as "a corrupt and crimiu eon inntion masquerading under n i .in >s of Republicans" gave coura: .? t t. e long enslaved party worshipers of the Keystone State. A simllai note of independence on the part of the admluistiwtiou was souud ed by Secretary Tuft's Akron (O.) speech in October. In big and little cities v 1 never an individual or an or ganizer m stood squarely for some moral p nclple of local affairs the vot ers res .u led effectively. The i ..ormous vote for Hearst In New Yc ; city as the candidate of the Mimic' 1 Ownership league, such that Mayor Mct'lellnn's official majority was contested in the courts, was mere ly an echo of another electoral triumph for municipal ownership earlier In the year?namely, Chicago's choice of the Democratic candidate for mayor, Dunne, by IM.ihsi over Harlan, the Re publican. Although Mayor Dunne has been able to accomplish little toward immediate city ownership of the street railroads on account of the majority in the city council against that policy, his election on that Issue has gone far toward committing the nntlonal Democratic organization to the general principle of government ownership of 1 public utilities. The Socialist vote fell I off wherever the municipal ownership candidates were put up. In tills return of the Democracy toward rudlcal poli cies tlio figure of William J. Brvse. ?ton!' ' J ? t tlomiuuuce. lie uiged the Deffiocikti | Y to support It losevelt in a trust busting nolicy ami started with bis family ou i world tour BepL tTT. Hut of all tin- p illtical reactions of lie year nothing had more far reach ng eliecls tliau ti e course of tlie New i'ork legislative lurestigutiou ot tin* great li.e insti ance cu , orations, I Ki gali bept. 0 uiK.er ilie cnuiruuinslilp of emitor Aru.strong an 1 tlie ski.it ul probing of tiie committee's counsel, 'liarles K. U a'iies, 'liiis was brougiit nUiut by the ri . airy Iietween the 1i ae j itiiU Alexander fac tions iu tilt- 10.,'ii table, which is a part of the year's commercial re< onl. Worse tii a 11 the worst expe tatljlia have lieeu realized by this investijja tiou. which extends into the new year. Charles E. Hughea. Not ouly tlie Equi table, but the New York Life, the Mu tual, Mutual Reserve and others, un der the relentless vivisection of Coun sel Hughes. shocked the |>ublie by tiieir various diseases of extravagance, leg islative bribery and political corrup tion. Both of New York's senators, ex tJovernor Odell and minor political lights were dimmed in one way or another by these revelations. The ad mitted large contributions to campaign funds, mostly to the Republican party in recent years, tended to place that party's campaign managers ou the de [ fensive, and the administration voiced a quite general demand for federal control of the great interstate insur ance concerns. The issue as to Chinese exclusion was raised by the anti-American boy cott in China, and the president prompt ly moderated the execution of the ex isting law. The personal popularity of President Roosevelt and support of bis policies were increased by his ex tensive Journeys, first in April through the southwest territories and states to his hunting vacation in Colorado and in October through the south to New Orleans, not to mention several shorter excursions. The short session which brought the Fifty-eighth congress to a close March 4 was noted chictiy for what it failed to do. Aside from the appropriations, totaling $slK,47!S,014, the ouly impor tant matter agreed upon by both houses was placing the Panama canal administration entirely in the presi dent's hands. The house passed, 220 to 17, the Esch-Townsend rate bill, in dorsed by the president, but it was pigeonholed by the senate. The seven arbitration treaties failed owing to the insistence of the senate on its right to amend, influenced somewhat by the administration's reported agreement with Santo Domingo. Later the form al Domingo treaty reached the senate, but failed of ratification, and a con ditional agreement for the collection and holding of Domingo's revenues was made by the president. A blot on the session was the house's effort to get mileage allowed for the construc tive recess, the bill being killed by the senate. Other important bills that fail ed after much effort were those for statehood of the territories and pure food. The house impeached Federal Judge gwayue of Florida, and 011 Feb. 27 his trial by the senate resulted in acquittal of the Comptou charges. The Fifty-ninth congress began its career Dec. 4, with many vital prob lems to solve, chief of which was that of the federal rate fixing and control of corporations so strongly urged in the president's message. Its first nota ble action was the $11,000,000 appro priation t i meet the current obligations of the Panama canal commission. Protest&ni Churches Reaching Out For Federation Doctrinal fences between Protestant denominations in the United States, which had been getting more and more shaky for several years, virtually fell into disuse when, Nov. 27, the dele gates to the interchurcb conference on federation, at New York city, adopt ed unanimously u plait for a "council of the churches of Christ in America." Thus the 20,000,000 communicants of thirty different church organizations were brought into the promised land of moral and missionary unity. This for ward stride is the one thing above others which has put new hope and enthusiasm into American Protestant ism. The apparent inconsistency of the conference in excluding the Unitarian delegates, not on personal but 011 doc trinal grounds, is not regarded as al tering the essential importance of the movement for those great bodies which ure directly concerned. The Presbyterian cbureh in the north took the lead in nc , e aihllatiou with organized labor. During the summer the unity spirit was shown in great re vival meetings in all our larger cities, with all the Protestant churches unit ing. In Philadelphia and New York the churches took an active part in politics, praying and working for re form candidates. The northern nnd southern Baptists united after sixty years of separation, adopting a consti tution at their St. I.otiis conference in May. Tli? Catholic church as well us the I'rohWtant churches Joined in the movement against divorce. The Zion ists in convention at Basel, Switzer land. spilt, n majority favoring Pales tine rather than a British colony in Africa. The Methodists adopted a re- j vised hymn hook. Tito protest made l> the Ilov. Dr. Washington Gladden d Cohpnl u -. against the acceptance of a Rockefeller donation to the Congrcgntlouulist for eign missions on the ground Hint the money was "tainted" by the frauds and corruption connected with its ac quisition started a discussion which ..gel fur to . ; :.i :. .u dcnoialu. 1 risa and then spread through the whole Christian world, although the Congre gational church Itself dually deemed that such douatious for cuurch euler irisis were acceptable. Manifold Activities Of the fctderal Z.iecuiive Ou the iSith day of August the whole world Ixjwcd Its acknowledgments to the chief executive of the United States for having been the instrument of bringing to a close one of the greatest wars of all history. The peace of Portsmouth was negotiated by the ltus tiau and Japanese plenipotentiaries ou tbat day, and its terms anil bearings properly belong to the record of for eign affairs, but of all the varied activ ities of President Itoosevelt's year noth ing has brought him so much and so well earned applause as the fact that he, through his official initiative, tirst made possible the peace conference and, second, by his tenacious and force ful personality brought the representa tives into agreement after almost all hope had been abnudoned on account of Russia's unwillingness to pay a sin gle kopeck of the big indemnity de manded by Japan. The progress made on a large scale toward the realization of this nation's ambition for u waterway across the American isthmus stands well at top of the list of doings (?tin rgeu Dio to me executive, especial ly since congress, I Feb. 23, put the tvhole management it that project in the president's hands, with $10,000,000 to start with. Six days thereafter the old cumbersome canal board was ousted and a new one went to work, beaded by Theodore P. Shouts and with all executive responsibility centralized in himself and two others, Magoon to look after the law and san itation and Wallace as chief engineer. The last mentioned suddenly quit the Job on June 30 and was succeeded by Stevens. The progress made by the commission is mainly in laying the foundation for health and contentment of the canal employees and in getting an adequate equipment 011 the ground. The pursuit of governmental grafters and drones which began in 1004 with the purging of the postal service has been extended and Intensified system atically through all the executive de partments by the Keep commission. Hitchcock, in the interior, has made surprising headway in the prosecution of the land grabbers of the far west, scoring among many convictions that of the late Senator Mitchell of Oregon. Secretary Wilson's statistical bureau was ripped up, especially as to a leak in the cotton report, causing the dis missal of Assistant Statistician Holmes early in July and later the voluntary retirement of his chief, John Hyde. The Keep investigation committee is still at work. Even the state depart ment has had its share of scandal to publish and live down in the dismissal of Minister to Venezuela Bowen after a hearing of his charges against As sistant Secretary Loomis and the sub sequent voluntary retirement of the latter in September to be succeeded by Hobert Bacon. After the death of Hay, Itoot became the secretary of state July 19. and Charles J. Bonaparte of Maryland became secretary of the navy June 1. A census of the Philip pines disclosed a population of 7,635, 42G. The army in the Philippines com pletely subdued the rebellious Moros. The Philippine government completed its purchase of all friar lands. The body of John Paul Jones was brought to Annapolis from Paris with great naval ceremony July 24. Science Expecting The Conquest of Tuberculosis Although the actual chemical agent capable of conquering the tuberculosis microbe in human tissue lias not been so delinitely announced In any quarter as to be authoritatively acknowledged in the medical section of the scieutitlc world, at least one world famous med ical pioneer, Professor von Behriug. did claim before the international tu berculosis congress ut Paris in Septem ber that he hnd solved the problem aud had in his possession a positive remedy for the great white plague. At least twenty medical experts are hot on the trail of a real consumption cure as the year ends. I>r. Levi, the Italian spe cialist, claims to have cured consump tion by the use of iodium, and Dr. I Uussell of New York reported success in a series of hospital cases by using a diet of the Juice of mixed raw vegetables. The unending rivalry of navigators for the honor of discovering the north pole took on new Interest for Ameri cans, in view of the starting. July Its, of Commander I'rnry In bis specially con struct ed ship, the itoosevelt, for the polar regions. He goes prepared for the supreme test of accumulated experi ence and modern in Tenuous. i.ess man n month aftor I'enry Commander PSRry. tho Zlcglcr arctic expedition, under Anthony Flala of New York, was found by the rescu ing party. In December came word from Captain ltoald Amundsen of Norway, who had reached Kagle City, Atnsku, navigating the northwest pas sage In thirty months and locating the mn.c i ile l> >! ? o'.. King Wir a 1 ?igi?i. i k I istrouomjr was enrh bed by a num x-r of im|>ortaut discoveries, chtei i f vhieh were the photographing of the :anuls of Mars bv l'rofes> >r Pereivat Cxtwell at Flagstaff, Ariz.; the hiding >f the alxth and seventh moons of Ju ilter by Professor IVrriue of the I.ick ibservatory; the discovery of several jew stars in Aqulla liy Mrs. Flcui- i ning of Harvard; the observation of radium in the photo sphere of the sua jy M. H. H.vuder of Philadelphia; the iu eessful oliservatiou of the total tclipse of the sua Auk. :m> by sclent s. ; >f all nutions. and the location of the :euth satellite of Saturn by Pickering >f Harvard. Numerous succ-* ; i ex leriuu nts in air navigation were ma e. Leading Interpretations And Infractions of the Law Beginning with the Jan. 30 decision af the United States supreme court. | which sustained the Grosseup injunc tion against the beef trust, several opinions handed down by the higher courts have seemed to lean toward the ; validity of antitrust legislation and ex . tension of the larger corporations' ob 1 ligations toward the public. The high i est court also upheld the Kansas and 1'exus antitrust laws in February. In May the s-ane court declared the New Fork franchise tux and the Kentucky corporation tax laws to be valid, and In July it sustained the Arkansas auti 1 trust law. ] Iu twenty-eight states exteusive pros- ! ecutious have beeu instituted against | commercial or political graft, while the I federal government has actually brought a number of the land grabbers to conviction and beef packers to trial. On Sept. 24 at Chicago four beef packers were convicted of accepting re bates and were fined $25,000. Prosecu tions were begun at Philadelphia, Chi cago and other railroad centers Dec. 13 by the federal government against rail road officials for violation of the re oate law. The gamblers, big and little, have been cheeked by Jerome in New l'ork, by Governor Hanly in Indiana, ind the Sunday race track betting, re duced by Governor Folk of Missouri. 1 big nest of professional swindlers svas destroyed at Philadelphia in March following the failure of the Sto rey Cotton company. The third trial of Senator Burton for his connection with the Hialto Grain and Securities com pany of St. Louis in November result ed iu his conviction and sentence to six mouths' imprisonment and $2,500 tine. War and Revolution Crowd the Foreign Horizon The 1st day of January, 1905, went into history with an event pregnant not only for the year; but for all time, for on that day a Russian soldier emerged from the inner fortress of Port Arthur bearing from its commander, Stoessel, the letter of surrender to that victorious Jupanese general, Nogi. At that mo ment the long cherished dream of an oriental empire and world conquest by the imperial house of ltomanolT through the exploitation of 125,000,000 of Mus covite subjects vanished into thin air. This event, the fall of Port Arthur, which began the year, was also the be ginning of the end of the Russo-Japa nese war. The siege had cost Japan 55, 000 casualties, but the remaining veter ans under Nogi were hurled directly j northward to re-enforce the left wing of the greatest army ever put afield, com manded by Oyama, MlUUfe III*" Illlll I I > * I , In Manchuria. Though facing the Intrenched Russian army of Kuropat kin along the front of a hundred miles or more in dead of . winter, the Japanese center advanced to the Sha river and there resisted a ter rific attack, while Marshal Oyama. the Russian left tlank was turned with Nodzu's flying column?this in two weeks of fighting. ending March 12, compelling the entire army of Kuropat kin to retreat in the utmost disorder from the fortified base about Mukden with immense loss. The Russians re tired toward their base at Harbin, closely followed by the Japs. Kuropnt klu was superseded by Liuevitch. Despite this crashing defeat the war lords at St. Petersburg persisted in sending the patched up Baltic fleet, under Ilojestvensky, onward into east ern waters to its Inevitable defeat. May 27, in the Korean strait, at the hands of Togo's unbeaten sen fighters. Russia's sen power had been complete ly wiped out, and consequently the time wus ripe for the eutry of the great American peacemaker, President Roosevelt. Ilis suggestion for a con ference between the warring powers was uccepted June 15, and the peacq envoys met at Portsmouth, N. 11.. Aug. 8. In the meantime the Japanese oc cupation of the island of Sakhalin had j taken place. The peace of Portsmouth , was concluded Aug. 29, the main fea- , tures of the treaty being: Traasfer of Port Arthur and control of the Man- , churian railway to Japan, Japanese preponderance in Korea, Integrity of j China, evacuation of Manchuria, di vision of Sakhalin and Siberian fishing j eight for Japan. Itnssln's year has been one censeless ? reign of terror. The chnotic condition | of the existing regime nt the close of , the yenr was foreshadowed In the mys- | terious firing of a cannon over the head ' of the czar during the ceremony of , blessing the waters of the Neva nt St. Petersburg on Jan. 19. That ominous , incident coincided with the first of the ? series of strikes which have paralyzed | ; industry and commerce and rendered , , ihr ;< \ rot I .1 'in,el In-lp', nil | rtrlke culminated iu the "bloody Sun lay" of Jau. 22, when a crowd of Tustlug subject*, led by FutherGopou, .vbo came to present their grievances :o the czar iu |ht-ou. were set upou by lie soldiery, shot down aud trampled 11 tbe streets by order of General Tre >ofl, who bad beeu made dictator of tile capital. Next iu tbe order of revolutionary antics can c the assassination of Grand Puke Serains at Moscow on Feb. 17 by Kolaieff. au avowed terrorist. On Feb. 23 tlie accidental tiring of the Baltic Sect on British fishermen, with several fatalities, was brought to a peaceable settlement by au arbitration eomini ; lion at l'aris. The czar celebrated fluster by graciously conceding to his ?Ubjects liberty of conscience. Follow ing the May riots throughout Poland the zemstvos congress at Moscow May 1 boldly asked for universal suffrage, i'he next outburst came at Odessa when the sailors of the Kulaz Potemkine 1 mutinied aud held the city for several lays, while unruly classes pillaged an 1 murdered. The zemstvo men denin: ed a constitution July IS, aud the ti, t congress of peasants was held Aug. 1.",. On the following day the czar, through his minister Bouligyne, who had suc ceeded Mirsky, summoned the national assembly, or ilounia. on a basis of prop erty aud class limited suffrage. The " restrict! >c?, did not suit the people, and a g n r: I railway strike was lie mil Oct. 24 which for tbe first time showed the immense power of the .abor organization. About this time Count W.ttc w is called to head a lib eral cabinet, and through him on Oct. 10 the czar's great manifesto was is sued, making a complete surrender of tils autocratic pow ers anil granting a constitutional form of government, with guarantees of free press, free speech, free assemblage and other civil rights. Even this and the steady hand of Count Wlt te did not suffice to ??? 1 ?stay tne revolution Count Witte. ary avalanche. The Jewish massacres at Odessa, Kiev and other parts of southern Hussia made terrible the early days of November, and the government acknowledged of ficial connivance therein. Then came the mutiny of sailors at Croustadt on Nov. 9, after which the railroad strike was resumed. Sailors of the Itlack sea fleet again mutinied at Sevastopol, Nov. lib, and a mutinous army pillaged Vladivostok and Harbin. All Livonia set up a provincial government on Dec. 12. Europe's other storm centers during the year hovered around Morocco, Tur key, Hungary and the Scandinavian peninsula. Not until the resignation of the Trench foreign minister, Delcasse, June i>. did Trance and Germany relax their tension. This left matters in the hands of the more conciliating Premi er ltouvier, who had succeeded Combes Jan. 19. The outcome was an agree ment for the France-German confer ence at Madrid, with which the year ends. The bill for the separation of church and state passed the Trench senate Dec. (i. Germany's greatest trouble has been the costly war with her rebellious colony in southwest Africa. Turkey's repeated refusal to relin quish her hold on Macedonia necessitat ed the mobilization of the International fleet in Grecian waters and the taking possession of two Turkish ports before the sultan surrendered ou a technical compromise Dec. 15. The unrest in Hungary reached that point where open civil war was only to be averted by the government's in troduction of a bill for manhood suf frage Nov. 28. When King Oscar vetoed the plan for a separate consular service Norway denounced her union with Sweden. June 7. Tor a time there was fear of war, but a basis of separation was agreed upon by arbitration. Prince Charles of Denmark accepted the call to the throne, entering Chrlstianla Nov. 25. Great liritaln passed most of the year waiting for the Balfour ministry to die. Balfour held on, perhaps to perfect the friendly understanding" with Trance and to complete the uew Anglo-Japa nese treaty of Aug. 12, and did not rijsign until Dec. 4. when he was suc ceeded by a strong Liberal ministry, headed by Campbell-Bunnerman and committed to home rule for Ireland. Educational Tendencies, Hand Craft and Self Expression From n comprehensive study of the entire Bold of public and private edu cation, and especially in this country, from kindergarten to university, it is apparent that the two most notable advances of the past year have been in the direction of free manual and artis tic expression of the growing pupil on the one hand and of dependence on public opinion for establishing und pre servlng the requisite degree of order ? nd n safe standard of progress. Princeton has begun introducing the tutorial system. Columbia has led the way by establishing the principle of international university co-operation, a ietinlte alliance with Berlin university being arranged. Oxford and Cam bridge both voted in March to retain llreek. Pennsylvania exonerated Pro lessor Iillprecbt of the charges of un iclcntltic conduct brought against him jy I>r. Peters. Columbia and the New fork university led In a movement of ?astern colleges toward the abolition >r reform of football. The effort to nergc the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with Harvard failed on l? tal grounds. The Carnegie technical ichocls were on< nod In cm hulldp f? t :\U. . urg Oct. Id. ..J. I
The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, N.C.)
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Jan. 5, 1906, edition 1
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