INSURANCE FOR SOLDIERS.
Government Contemplate* Imbuing
Free Policies for $1,000 on Fach
Life. Replace Pensions With This
System. Irutnl That it Would .Mean
Ultimate Saving and Greater Sat
faction for Men Who Are to Serve
the Nation in Field** of Rattle.
Washington, June 2. ? Plans for is
suing $4,000 free government insur
ance on the life of every American
soldier and sailor during the war in
lieu of pension arrangements will be
taken up next week by the council of
national defense. A report prepared
by Assistant Secretary Sweet of the
commerce department, ready to be
submitted, urges that the insurance
be provided through legislation be
fore American troops are sent to
France.
The defense council took up the
question some weeks ago and turned
the whole subject over to the depart
ment of commerce for investigation.
The report ready offers a long list of
arguments showing the advantage of
working out a compensation system
before American lives are lest in the
war.
The plans as prepared provide for
a flat insurance of $4,000 on the life
of every officer and private in the
military and naval service to be paid
to his beneficiaries without premi
ums. There would be provision for a
system of insurance by which officers
and men desiring to do so could take
out amounts higher than the $4,000
free policy by paying premiums at
peace rates.
Insurance companies, it is said, are
ready to approve the scheme if as
sured the government will not con
tinue in the insurance business after
the war. War hazards are so great
that few companies are anxious to
insure soldiers and aailors except at
high premiums.
At the end of the war the govern
ment, it is suggested, could turn
over to insurance companies its pre
mium war business, dropping the flat
$4,000 policies on all who leave the
service but continuing on men who
remain in the army or navy.
One argument advanced for the
insurance plan is that it would im
prove the morale of the troops. The
plan would provide also insurance
of partial or total disability. In case
of death the insurance would be paid
in instalments whose amount would
be determined by the government
board. Government officials are con
vinced the best way to dispose of the
pension problem is to meet it before
hand.
Many officials hold that since many
will be drawn from occupations in
which government and State laws
compel compensation for injury and
death the government can not sub
ject a man to more risk than he en
counters in his usual occupation and
not make compensation if he is
wounded or killed.
The success of the government war
risk insurance bureau, which has
paid out large sums for ship losses,
is pointed to as argument that the
government itself can bear the risk.
The $4,000 insurance given free
would be a direct loss, but pensions,
it is argued, would be much more
costly in the long run.
BALANCED RATIONS FOR HENS
Feeders or horses, cattle, sheep and
hogs have claimed for years that
these animals must be fed a "balanc
ed ration." By this is meant that one
food constituent should not be fed in
excess, while another is lacking for
the upkeep of the animal's body. The
protein must be in a certain prcpor
tion to the sugars, starches, and fat
in tha food. Now the hen comes in
for her share in this scientific feeding.
Ten times as many eggs were pro
duced by hens fed a well-balanced
ration as by those given only corn,
wheat and oats in an experiment con
ducted by the Ohio Station. The bal
anced ration consisted of three parts
by weight of corn and one part of
wheat fed twice daily in the litter,
and a mash mixture of two parts
meat scrap added to two parts ground
com and one part bran fed in self
feeding hoppers. The hens given the
balanced ration ate more feed, which
cost about 50 per cent more than the
ration of corn, wheat and oats. How
ever, they gained more in weight and
produced ten times as many eggs,
making a net profit while the other
lot was kept at a loss. The test pe
riod lasted for 140 days. ? Indiana
Farmer.
VACCINATION AN1) TYI'HOID.
No Contradiction for Fact That Vac
cination Prevents Typhoid.
That vaccination is an almost ab
solute prevention of typhoid fever is
a fact whose figures cannot be suc
cessfully contradicted. It has been
the means of not oniy stamping out
the disease in the United States army
and in the armies of other nations
that have required its use, but it has
given just as good piatection to in
V 1
V
dividual* who havu been wise enough
tu Ui?t> it, even in case of outbreaks
or epidemics. Nothing more can be
said for this means of protection
than its ability to prevent the dis
ease in tho fuco of an epidemic or
after a person has been exposed to
the infection.
For four or more years the State
Hoard of Health has adopted every
means within its power to inform
the people of the State of this meth
od of keeping off typhoid; it arrang
ed to furnish free vaccine to the
people; furthermore, it has offered to
counties and towns to arrange with
them to conduct anti-typhoid cam
paign ; free to their people.
That people continue to get ty
phoid through polluted water, flies
or other forms of filth, and die,
when vaccination would have pre
vented it, no one is to blame but
themselves. Either ignorance o" in
difference can be their excuse, but the
consequences following ignorance
and indifference in respect to health
and nature's laws are just as inexor
able as those following the violation
of civil laws.
As the season for typhoid fever
is again at hand, vaccination be
comes not only a rational patriotic
duty but a personal obligation. Who
can afford the risk of becoming a
typhoid carrier, a continual source
of typhoid infection, to say nothing
of the discomfort, the expense and
perhaps death from tiiis dreadful
disease ?
The I'seful Guinea.
The Guinea is exceedingly useful.
Its curt-ass and eggs may not realize
for the farmer as many dollars and
cents as other birds, but in useful
ness it will save many more dollars
than will any other fowl or animal,
suys Dr. B. F. Kaupp.
The guinea seems to prefer to go
as far away from home as possible
during the day, but always returns
in the evening. They prefer to seek
their own food in the fields us long
us it can be procured, but when hun
gry they will come home for feed.
These birds eat a great many
worms, bugs and beetles, and on ac
count of their ability to fly to the
tops of high trees on the farm they
secure many insects and worms
which would otherwise prey upon the
leaves and fruit of those trees. Guin
eas partly keep down noxious weeds
and plants. They are good watchers
and will set up a loud, shrill cry to
warn their comrades if a human be
ing, dog or hawk attracks their at
tention.
The eggs sell for less than other
eggs, but since they are secured for
practically nothing the farmers
should not compluin. The guinea
fowl has a very keen sense of odor,
and if the eggs in the nest are re
moved bjr ham! it will cause the hens
to seek another place.
About twenty or thirty guineas will
be found useful on the farm of from
50 to 100 ucres. They will not thrive
on a small plot or in confinement.
Go Slow in Feeding High-Priced
Corn to Hogs.
The farmers of the South are be
ing advised to breed all brood sows
and arrange to produce as many
hogs as possible. This is good advice
provided these hogs are not to be
raised on high-priced grains, fit for
human food. With corn at $1.75 a
bushel, as at present, hogs would
need to sell for 17 to 18 cents a
pound live weight to financially jus
tify a man in feeding corn to hogs,
and with human food scarce and
needed by our allies, it is doubtful if
any one is morally or economically
justified in feeding more than the
smallest practicable amount of hu
man foodstuffs to hogs, regardless of
prices. Wo ought to raise more hogs
and especially should every brood
sow produce an early fall litter, pro
vided we produce graaing crops from
which the hogs may get a large part
of their feed. Tho crops should be
grown to save the corn and in order
to produce tho hogs more econom
ically.
We are likely to produce more
corn than u&ual this year, if the
season is favorable, but if much of
this is fed to hops it will be an eco
nomic loss as well as a loss of more
pood human food than tho hops can
make out of it. With velvet beans in
every acre of corn, or with soy beans
and peanuts, cheaper pork can be
made by feedinp only a small amount
of com, and unless we are poinp to
feed the hops in this manner we had
better not raise them, for it is a
waste of human food to pive hops a
full ration of corn and it is not eco
nomical here in the South where corn
is nearly flflways hiph-priced. Pro
vide crops for fatteninp the hops
this fall which they can harvest in
stead of feedinp corn in a dry lot or
pen. ? Prepress ive Farmer.
A BOOK FOR T1IK CHILD IS ONE
of the finest thinps you can pive
him. See our stock of children's
books. Herald Office.
REGISTRARS HAVK BUSY DAY.
Registration Is Carried Out and No
Trouble Occurs. State Turns Its
Kligibles Over to Uncle Sam Glad
ly in a Rushing Day's Work. TotaU
Expected to Kxceed KMimates. Pa
triotic Celebration Marks Regis
tration in Larger Cities.
(News and Observer, fith.)
North Carolina eligible* under the
selective service plan turned them
selves over to Uncle Sam whole
heartedly yesterday. Long before the
|mj11s closed at nine o'clock, there was
every indication that the State's
(juota of 190,857 estimated by the
census authorities would be passed in
the totals of registration.
The surprising fact about the regis
tration, in city, county and State was
the discovery of an overwhelmingly
large number of men of voting age
who do not vote. In a great many
cases registrars reported that the to
tal r-gist ration for election, although
the ages of those registering were
limited.
From nowhere in the State has
come any indication of failure or dis
cord about registration. When the
pol Is opened at seven o'clock they
were crowded with applicants and re
mained that way in many places until
night. In Winston-Salem and For
syth County, the registration cards
gave out and it was necessary to have
more printed. Harnett County had the
same problem and met it with the
substitution of paste-board cards for
the purpose.
Late yesterday afternoon, Governor
Hickett, understanding that the unus
ual volume of registration would like
ly tax the capacity of the registrars,
wired authorities in the various coun
ties to hold the registration places
open :ifter the designated hour in or
der to give everyone an opportunity
to register.
Negroes registered willingly and
from all appearances gladly. In some
instances negroes over the maximum
age were caught trying to register
and were denied the privilege. From
all reports available, very few per
sons registered as aliens. It was im
possible to estimate the number
claiming exemption.
The Dog.
The dog has long been a mystery to
us. Why does he of all animals de
sert his own kind and attach himself
to man, and this not in any one
country or at any particular period
or time?
From the earliest prehistoric ages
where traces have been found of man
there also have been signs that he has
been accompanied by his dog, and it
is the same in all parts of the globe,
from the North to the South Pole.
Creatures so different as the tiny
griffon, whom you can hold in the
palm of your hand, and the huge
hoar-hound, four feet high, have this
same characteristic, that they live
with man and adopt him as their mas
ter or god. We think there must be
some meaning, unknown to us, be
hind this, and we have sometimes
wondered whether it may be that the
soul of the dog may need communion
with the human soul in order to for
ward its development and work out
its destiny.
Hut lately we have wondered
whether it may not be the other way
about ? whether the dog is not there
in order that men, with their tempta
tion to forget all else in their material
lives, may not always have before
them an example of unselfish devo
tion, boundless love, and unswerving
faith. ? Ernest Bell, in The Animals'
Friend.
\N APPEAL BY THE GOVERNOR.
To the people of North Carolina:
The week of June 10-16 has been
designated as National Recruiting
Week for the United States Marine
Corps. Kour thousand enlistments
have been called for during that
week. This number of recruits, 1 am
informed, are absolutely necessary
in order that this efficient branch of
the Nation's military service may do
the job assigned to it now with the
same thoroughness and high degree
of efficiency as has marked the work
of the American Marines on every
sea and in every land from 1798 to
this crucial hour.
North Carolina's quota of recruits
needed is only seventy. Of this num
ber the Raleigh recruiting station is
asked to furnish fifteen men; the Dur
ham recruiting station, fifteen men;
tho Winston-Salem recruiting station,
twenty men; and the Charlotte re
cruiting station, twenty men.
1 call upon the people of these four
cities and of the whole State to rally
to the Marine Corps during the
week designated. Indeed, it ought not
to require a week; a day should be
long enough to raise the State's full
quota of recruits for this great arm
of our country's defense.
The Marine Corps is one of the
oldest and most efficient branches of
the military service, and any young
man should count himself fortunate
to be enlisted in it. The Marine is a
noldier and a sailor too. The advant
ages ho has in the variety of exper
ience and training are unexcelled, lie
is drilled as an infantryman; he is
trained as a naval gunner; he be
comes a good field artilleryman; and
he learns to manipulate the machine
gun. He is in the landing party from
war ships, and is the first to go on
expeditionary duty. Surely, the young
man who wants to serve his country
in the hour of need cannot find a bet
ter place ?<> render effective service
than in the United States Marine
Corps among the soldiers that go to
sea to defend the rights of Americans
and maintain the honor of the Flag
throughout the world.
I, therefore, urge the young men of
North Carolina to present themselves
at the various recruiting stations in
the State ready to volunteer for this
service on the morning of June 11th.
I sincercly hope that the young man
hood of the State will respond so
quickly to this call that North Caro
lina will be able to report her full
quota raised in a single day.
T. W. BICKETT,
Governor.
The New Money Crop.
Charlotte Observer.
The war is bringing the farmers
into a realization of the fact that
there is a money crop other than cot
ton. It is the Irish potao. The Obser
ver has recently made disclosures of
the intensive manner in which the
farmers of the mountain counties are
going into the cultivation of ihe po
tato ? of how they are raising one
hundred bushels to the acre without
special effort and how they are dis
posing of the crop at the farm at
two dollars a bushel. This is a los
ing business, in spite of the fact that
it is a profitable one for these moun
tain farmers. They are making two
dollars where they had been making
nothing before, and yet they are los
ing money on their potatoes because
of the fact that they have no market
ing facilities. In the counties of the
coastal plain of the State, the farm
ers have the benefits of an organized
marketing system and they are get
ting from $0.50 to $8.50 a barrel of
eleven pecks for the product of their
potato fields. The Lumberton Robe
sonian, in the course of an interest
ing account of the shipping opera
tions of these farmers, gives some de
tails worth reproducing. It tells of
one farmer who received a check for
$500 for the potatoes he raised "on
three acres in the northern part of
the town" ? in other words, from his
garden. And then it tells of Mr. Jus
tin McNeill's check for $300 "for
potatoes raised on three-quarters of
an acre at his place on the eastern
edge of town." The cost of raising
these potatoes Mr. McNeill figures at
not more than $50, this including la
bor and fertilizers. What these Lum
berton gardeners have been doing is
being done in some cases on a larger
scale all over eastern North Carolina.
The cultivation of the Irish potato
requires the minimum of effort and
expense. A potato crop spells almost
clear profit to the grower, and a lit
tle figuring at income and cost of
production will show how far superior
as a money crop the potato is to cot
ton. What the farmers over the State
in general now want to do is to go
more extensively into potato cultiva
tion, and what the farmers of the
mountain section want is a better sys
tem of marketing their crop. Under
conditions now prevailing and which
are likely to prevail for some time to
come, the Irish potato is a distinctly
money-making crop for the farmers
of the South.
Death of Miss Clyde Crocker.
Last Friday, Juno the 1st, as the
day dawned brightly, the death angel
entered the home of Mr. and Mrs. H.
J. Crocker and hovered around the
pure spirit of their darling daughter,
Clyde Euretha, and just as the clock
chimed 12:30, God called her home.
To know Clyde (as everybody call
ed her) was to love her. All through
her long illness she bore it patiently,
as only a Christian can, never mur
muring, never complaining, but al
ways saying she felt better. Some
times we think God cruel in calling
from ua one who is so dear, so pre
cious to us; but His will, not ours, be
done.
She was 20 years old last July. Sev
eral years ago she joined Bethesda
Baptist church and lived a faithful
Christian life till God had need for
her in Heaven.
She was tenderly laid to rest Sat
urday afternoon in the family bury
ing ground, by the side of her broth
er who preceded her to the grave just
a little over four years ago. The
funeral services were conducted by
her pastor, Rev. J. E. Lanier. She
leaves to mourn their loss a heart
broken father, mother, four brothers,
four sisters and a host of relatives
and friends.
A precious one from us is gone,
A voice we loved is still;
A place is vacant in that home
That never can be filled.
A FRIEND.
GERMANS SAIL OVER ENGLAND.
In Aircraft Raid They Kill Two. and
Wound 29, Hut Are Driven Off by
English With a liOss of Two Ma
chines. Violent Artillery Duel.
A raid by a squadron of German
airplanes over the counties of Essex
and Kent, England, serves for the
moment to distract attention from
the maneuvers on the battle fronts,
whore for the most part artillery en
gagements ure still in progress.
About 16 of the German aircraft
were engaged in the attack, during
which bombs were dropped and two
persons were killed and 29 injured and
material damage resulted in residen
tial sections. Taking to the air, Brit
ish aviators succeeded in driving off
the invaders who lost two of their
machines.
The British and Germans near
Wytschaete, in Belgium, are still en
gaged in a violent artillery duel,
which probably is the forerunner of a
great infantry action at an early date.
Already, according to Berlin, the
British, after having hurled great
quantities of steel against the German
defenses, advanced to see the result of
the work of their guns, but were
forced by the German fire to return
to their positions, whereupon the rain
of British shell again was resumed.
There has been no resumption on
the part of the line where the French
are facing the Germans of the in
tense br.ttles of Saturday and Sunday,
and the artillery duels there have
died down in volume.
During Tuesday 18 German air
planes were accounted for by British
aviators on the western battle front,
12 of them having been brought down
in air fighting. The British them
selves lost five machines.
Apparently the Austrians on the
front from Gorizia to the sea are still
the aggressors against the Italians,
but according to the Rome office, their
attacks have all been repulsed, except
south of Jamiano, where assaults
compelled the Italians to give way.
A British squadron has heavily
bombarded the German naval base at
Ostend, Belgium, and also has sunk a
German torpedo boat destroyer and
put to flight five other German ves
sels of this class in the North Sea.
An Austrian destroyer has been sunk
in the Adriatic by a submarine.
Corn for Human Food.
Ordinarily the quantity of corn
produced in the United States is
from three to four times the quanti
ty of wheat, but only a very small
portion of the crop ? from 5 to 10 per
cent ? has been used for human food.
This amount may be estimated in
normal times at about 200,000,000
bushels a year. Not over 5 per cent
has been exported in peace times. A
relatively slight increase in the corn
acreage therefore, will place many
millions of bushels more of human
food at the disposal of the world
without interfering in any way with
the feed needed for the support of
live stock.
In the past, with an abundance of
grain of other kinds, corn has not
been in great demand for human con
sumption. But with other grains no
longer abundant, circumstances will
compel more general recognition of
the value of corn as human food. The
Federal Department of Agriculture
is urging strongly the wider use of
corn in the diet. It is the best sub
stitute for wheat that we have and
can be utilized in breads, mushes and
a variety of other ways. We should
make every effort to avail ourselves
of it. ? Indiana Farmer.
Good Roads Reduce Cost of Living.
"Good roads, more than any other
national undertaking, make for the
prosperity, happiness and content
ment of the people," declared Col. W.
P. Richardson, engineer in charge of
highways in Alaska. "This is particu
larly evident at this time, when in
every large city there is protest
against the high prices of food. In
my judgment, good roads, more than
any other agency, will help to solve
permanently the high cost of living.
Transportation, of course, is at the
foundation of prices. It is truthfully
said that where there is inadequate
transportation food prices mount
high. We know that in cities prices
are greatly in excess of those in rural
districts, and it is all a matter of
transportation and distribution. If
we have good roads, we can get our
products to market. If we haven't we
cannot. Products on the farm are
worth nothing if they cannot find a
market. I am convinced that the
most important governmental work is
in the improvement of the roads. In
this day of motor trucks it is much
easier to haul products to the cities
or to railroad terminals than it was a
few years ago, but we must have good
roads to do it. There is not the slight
est doubt that good roads many times
over pay for themselves. They are a
fundamental economic necessity." ?
| Indiana Farmer.
APPEAL TO ORGANIZED LABOR.
Statement by Samuel Gompers, Pres
ident of American Federation
of Labor.
"To buy a Liberty Bond is to sup
port our country and to subscribe to
ideals which our country is forced to
maintain by military force. Individ
uals and organizations have testified
to their patriotic desire to serve by
subscribing for these bonds, includ
ing labor men and labor organiza
tions. All workers and labor organi
zations will find it advantageous to
support this loan as extensively as
lies within their financial ability.
Money from their sale is indispensa
ble to the successful conduct of th?
war. Bond subscriptions therefore be
come a highly patriotic and intelli
gent way to render service to our Re
public and to the cause of democracy
internationally. The Federations Ex
ecutive Council has subscribed to
$10,000 worth of bonds."
Profit-Sharing on the Farm.
In recent years large manufactur
ers have inaugurated a system of
permitting faithful employes to share
in the profits of the business. This is
no more than right, and the manufac
turers find that their own profits are
not lessened by this practice. The em
ploye who is interested in the business
will work more faithfully than the
one who is merely interested in the
Saturday pay envelope.
If wc would share profits with our
boys and girls, the problem of keep
ing them on the farm would be solv
ed. The law gives one the right to
the labor of children until they are
twenty-one, and too many farmers
take adavntage of this law. The re
sult is that the children become dis
satisfied with farm life and work,
and look upon it as drudgery.
Profit-sharing with the boys and
girls would prove as profitable on
the farm as it has with large manu
facturers. When the boy is made to
understand that the work of the farm
is, in a measure, dependent on him,
and that on the degree of success at
tained, depends the amount of money
he is to get, he will go to work with
enthusiasm. Not only will he work
well, but he will become interested in
his work and all that pertains to farm
life. He will make a study of crops,
soils, live stock, etc., and when he
reaches his majority, his innate love
for the farm and all that pertains to
it will induce him to stay with the
old folks.
Profit-sharing should begin while
the children are young. Choring
around in the snow or mud, or on a
cold winter evening is prosaic in the
extreme, but give the boy a flock of
chickens to tend, with the under
standing that the profits are to be
his, and you have added incentive to
his work ? an incentive that begets
enthusiasm ? that makes a pleasure
of what would otherwise be a drudg
ery. The boy who is "in business" for
himself, will not only learn farming,
but will learn marketing, and what is
of far more importance, he will learn
to look upon his father as a friend
and companion rather than a task
master. Be a boy with your boys ? be
a partner in business with them ? a
companion in pleasure with them ?
and they will stay with you. ? Indi
ana Farmer.
Silo Advantages.
From the fertility standpoint the
silo is very desirable for it means
that practically everything remains
on the farm. The whole stalk and
grain are removed from the field in
the fall but the food materials are
returned later in the form of mai?re.
The full value of the plant ia de
rived, but without depreciating the
soil.
From the viewpoint of the labor
question the silo is also to be recom
mended. The corn is cut for tilago
just as the husks begin to turn brown
and is quickly disposed of. There is
no shocking or husking, but a? fast
as the corn is cut ife is hauled imme
diately to the cutter and all that re
mains to be done is to feed it each
day. Even then it is more easily han
dled and in a more desirable condition
to feed than corn stover or root crops.
Wherever the silo is found it means
that live stock must be kept and to
a large extent this solves tho farm
labor question. If a man is hired for
the whole year and not simply for
the summer months then you can get
more reliable men who really take an
interest in the work. Very often a
man and his family, if given a house
in which to live and a garden, with
possibly a cow, will be content to
work for the owner of the farm for
several years or at least until he can
get money enough to start in business
for himself. ? Indiana Farmer.
READ "LLOYD GEORGE, THE
Man and His Story," price one do
lar. An interesting story of the life
of one who has risen from lowly
beginnings to the chief place in the
government of one of the greatest
nations in the world. Herald Office.