Newspapers / The Tarborough Southerner (Tarboro, … / Dec. 25, 1829, edition 1 / Page 2
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'particular men, at the public ex pense. No individual wrong is therefore done by removal, since neither appointment to, nor con tinuance in, 'office, is matter of right. The incumbent became an officer with a view to public benefits; and when these require his removal, they arc not to be sacrificed to private interests. It is the People, and they alone, who have a right to complain, when a bad officer is substituted for a good one. lie who is remo ved has the same means of ob taining a living, that arc enjoyed by the millions who never held office. The proposed limitation would destroy the idea of proper ty, now so generally connected with official station; and although individual distress may be some times produced, it would, by pro moting that rotation which con stitutes a leading principle in the republican creed, give healthful action to the system. SOUTHERN INDIANS. The condition and ulterior des tiny of the Indian tribes within the limits of some of our States, have become objects of much interest and importance. It has lorn been the policy of government to in-! troducc anion" theni the arts of! .... i civilization in the hope of gradu-' ally reclaiming them from a wan-, dering life. This policy lias,, liowever, been coupled with auo-1 thcr, wholly incompatible with its1 success. Professing a desire to civilize and settle them, we have, at the same time, lost no opportu nity to purchase their lands, and thrust them further into thewil-' derness. By this means tlicy Jiave not only been kept in a wan- j dering state, but been led to look upon us as unjust and indifferent) to their fate. Thus, though lav ish in its expenditures upon the ; subject, Government has con-i stantly defeated its own policy; and the Indians, in general, rece ding further and further to the west, have retained their savage' habits. A portion, however, of the Southern tribes, having min gled much with the whites, and made some nroirress in tin nrta' of civilized life, have lately at tempted to creet an independent government, within the limits of Georgia and Alabama. These States, claiming to be the only sovereigns within their territories, extended their laws over the In dians; which induced the latter to call upon the United States for protection. Under these circumstances, the question presented was, whether the General Government had a right to sustain those people in their pretensions? The Constitu tion declares, that "no State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State," without the consent of its Legis lature. If the General Govern ment is not permitted to tolerate the erection of a confederate State within the territory of one of the member of this Union, against her consent; much less could it allow a foreign and independent govern ment to establish itself there. Georgia became a member of the Confederacy which eventuated in our Federal Union, as a sovereign State, always asserting her claim to certain limits; which bavin" been originally defined in her co lonial charter, and subsequently irrrn"ni!rfl in the trealv of peace, she has ever since continued to enjoy, except as they have been hod bv her own volun tary transfer of a portion of her territory to the United States, in tlm nrtirles of session of 1802. Alabama was admitted into the Union on the same footing with the original States, with bounda ries which were prescribed by Congress. I here is no constitu tional, conventional, or legal pro vision, which allows them less power over the Indians within their borders, than is possessed by Maine or New-York. Would the People of Maine permit the Penobscot tribe to erect an inde pendent government within their State! and unless they did, would it not be the duty of the General Government to support them in resisting such a measure? Would the people of New-York permit each remnant of the Six Nations within her borders, to declare it self an independent people under the protection of the U. States? Could the Indians establish a se parate republic on each of their reservations in Uluoi and it they were so disposed, would it be the du ty of this Government to pro tect them in the attempt! If the principle involved in the obvious answer to these questions be abandoned, it will follow that the objects of this Government are reversed; and that it has become a part of its duty to aid in des troying the States which it was established to protect. Actuated by this view of the subject, I informcd'thc Indians in habiting parts of Georgia and Alabama, that their attempt to establish an independent govern ment would not be countenanced by the Executive of the United States; and advised them to emi grate beyond the Mississippi, or submit to the laws of those States. Our conduct towards these peo ple is deeply interesting to our national character. Their pre sent condition, contrasted with what they once were, makes a most powerful appeal to our sym pathies. Our ancestors found them the uncontrolled possessors of these vast regions. Jjy per suasion and force, they have been made to retire Irom river to river, and from mountain to mountain; until some of the tribes have be come extinct, and o'hers have left but remnants to preserve, for a winle, their once terrible names. Surrounded by the whites, with their arts of civilization, which, ny destroying the resources of the savage, doom hirn to weakness and decay; the fate of the Mohe gan, the Narragansett, and the Delaware, is fast overtaking the Choctaw, the Cherokee, and the Creek. That this fate surely awaits them, if they remain with in the limits of the States, does nowulrnitof a doubt. Humanity am., national honor demand that every eifort should be made to avert so great a calamity. It is too late to iuquire whether it was just in the United States to in dude them and their territory, within the bounds of new States whose limits they could control. 1 hat step cannot be retraced. A i State cannot be dismembered by Congress, or restricted in uiu ua ercise of her constitutional power. But the people of those States, and of every State, actuated, by feelings of justice and regard for our national honor, submit to you the interesting question, whether something cannot be done, con sistently with the rights of the States, to preserve this much in jured race1? As a means of effecting this end, I suggest, for your consider ation, the propriety of setting apart an ample district west of the Mississippi, and witnout me limits of any State or Territory, now formed, to be guaranteed to the Indian tribes, as long as they shall occupy it: each tribe having a distinct control over the portion designated for its use. There they may be secured in the en joyment of governments of their own choice, subject to no other control from the United States than such as may be necessary to preserve peace on the frontier, and between the several tribes. There the benevolent may endea vor to teach them the arts of civi lization; and, by promoting union and harmony among them, to raise up an interesting common wealth, destined to perpetuate the race, and to attest the humanity and justice of this Government. This emigration should be vo luntary; for it would be as cruel as unjust to compel the aborigi nes to abandon the graves of their fathers, and seek a home in a dis tant land. Hut they should be distinctly informed that if they re main "within the limits of the States, they must be subject to their laws. In return for their obedience, as individuals, they will, without doubt, he protected in the enjoyment of those posses sions which they have improved by their industry. But it seems to me visionary to suppose, that, in this state of tilings, claims can be allowed on tracts of country on which they have neither dwelt nor made improvements, merely be cause they have seen them from the mountain, or passed them in the chase. Submitting to the laws of the States, and receiving, like other citizens, protection in their persons and property, they will, ere long, become merged in the mass of our population. ren. The European goverrnw K ...Kll.. . ""i appear 10 uc wuuuy occupied vi?i. ' their local affairs; and market iiuvt; wiiunun "uuuul ann h,. terial variation in prices. ; Congress. From the note f preparation manifested by U: Houses of Congress, vvc belie! we may safely anticipate a and important session. These veral Heads of Departments haVo made their Reports, the lcn which, forbids the introduction 0f even an abstract into our column, The standing committees, and se lect committees on the varioV subjects embraced in the Presj dent's Message, have been an. pointed; and the usual routine of business has commenced. ye will endeavor to furnish anal), stract of their proceedings m0t interesting to our readers" Raleigh, Dec. 17. On Monday last the following oflicers wnm re-elected by the Legislature with. out opposition: William I i k II. Se cretary of State; William Rob. ards, Public Treasurer; James Grant, Comptroller. Star. GENERAL ASSEMBLY, Senate On thcDth Dec. Da Xarborousl), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1829. ftT7DThis beinsrtlic nnrind neimUt, ,i voted to mirth ami festivity, we respect fully tender our compliments to the pa trons of the Free Press, wishing them Foreign. Livernnn! nnnnr. the 9th ultimo, have been receiv ed at New-York. They are said to contain neither political news nor speculations of any impor tance. In fact, since the conclu sion of peace between the Rus sians and Turks, our foreign in telligence has been unusually bar- F. Caldwell, of Rowan, was elec ted Speaker of the Senate, in place of Bedford Brown, elected Senator of the U. States. On the 10th. Mr. Wil son pre sented the petition of Isabella- ton, of Edgecombe countv. nrav-i ing to be released from the pav ment of a fine imposed by the Su- perior Court of that countv upon her deceased husband. Mr. W, also presented the Report of the Commissioners appointed to re present the State in all genera! meetings of the Stockholders of the several Banks in this State. On the 11th, Mr. Miller, from the joint select committee, to wnom was reterred so mucliol the Governor's message as relates to the purchase of slaves by the State for purposes of internal improvement, made a report re questing to be discharged from the further consideration of the subject. Concurred in. committee are fully of the opin ion, that they are the only effec tive force which can be employ in the Southern country, but deed it inexpedient at this time, vB there are no works on an extend ed scale in which they can be em ployed, to make the purchase suggested by the Governor. On the 14th, Mr. Wilson sented a bill to regulate Bank and incorporated companies in the State. On the 15th, the bill to vest tie right of electing Sheriffs in t!u free white men of the State, pa, ed its third read inrr I iv n VOtC 1 32 to 28, and was ordered 10 engrossed and sent to the Hon of Commons for their concurrent II. of Commons On theOtM5 motion of Al r. Nicholson, the com mittee on Finance were instruct ed to inquire into thn nxncdW of directing the Public Treaf to issue Treasury notes to amount of $75,000. The com mittee reported that it is ifiCNf'e dient, and the report was vJ' eurreu in.j v
The Tarborough Southerner (Tarboro, N.C.)
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Dec. 25, 1829, edition 1
2
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