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Whole JVfc. 421.
Tarborough, (Edgecombe County, JV. C.j Tuesday, September 25, 1832.
Foi. ZX JVb 5.
The "North Carolina Free Press,"
BV OEOKGK HOWARD,
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gnMPyHBHHftWHIilWIillllll 1 IT 't TWTBnBWyiMWWCTMMIIllIMmi3lCL
NULLIFICATION.
Explanatory of the modus operandi of Nul
lification. The Columbia S. C. Times and
Stale Gazelle, in reply lo a correspondent, gives
the following "explanation of the whole scheme
of Nullification. " After some introductory re
marks, in which it states that "nullification is not
absolutely a peaceful and effectual method of re
dress, but that it is so according to every rule of
probability" the Times proceeds as follows:
The next Legislature of South Caroli
na will be composed, in general, of the
members of the Free Trade and State
Kights Parly. It is generally eonccded
by our antagonists that the friends of
nullification will possess such a constitu
tional majority as will enable them to
call a Convention. This Legislature, it
is presumed, will be convened by the
Governor very shortly after the election
of the members. They will meet fur the
sole purpose of calling, and when that
shall have been effected, their business
will be dispatched pro hac vice. The
Convention then will be assembled. This
body will be composed of the choicest
wisdom, virtue and patriotism of South
Carolina. Its deliberations will be at
tended with all the solemnity which the
occasion of their meeting must inspire.
Th eir proceedings would be characteri
zed by the directness and straight for
ward integrity of men earnestly engaged
in important duties. They would em
power the Legislature with every func
tion that might be deemed requisite for
the emergency'.
The regular session of the legislature
in December will be distinguished by the
passage of statutes and enactments that
will establish in its most unequivocal
form, the doctrine of State Rights in this
country as a practical measure. The
Legislature will adopt, it is probable,
something analogous to the following
provisions of nullification.
They will impose very heavy penalties
upon all concerned in collecting the du
ties of the Federal Government. They
will give the individual whose property
may be seized by the Revenue officers
for the payment of duties levied upon it,
the right to the recovery of the property
by civil jocess. They will institute
special courts for the trial of all criminal
and civil actions springing from the' ope
ration of the veto They will authorize
them to sit and decide immediately upon
all cases as they arise They will render
the venue or place where the action is to
be tried transitory, so as to remove every
impediment that -the- Union and Northern
party in Charleston may impose upon the
operation of the law. For it would be a
leading object to make it as peaceful and
harmonious, as it would be expeditious.
No one can doubt who knows any thing
of the people from whom the juries would
be composed, that these measures would
be successful. They would effectually
nullify our unrighteous system of protec
tion. These regulations too would be
adopted, and carried into effect, we think,
by the first of January of the ensuing
year. Congress will then be in session.
1 he measures of sovereign interposition
Adopted by South Carolina, by (we make
"o question) Georgia and by Alabama
would soon be proclaimed in accents of
thunder in the very sanctuary of error,
usurpation and tyranny.
The issue would now be fairly made
up between these Slates and the General
Government. What next! is the anxious
question. It will be conceded, we think,
by every disinterested person who is at
all conversant with the true principles of
our Constitution, that those States had
only exercised a political right, and that
the federal Government was bound in
stantly to recede from its impositions.
Our opponents would admit that we act
ed with the words of peace and in the at
titude of peace. Whatever of harshness
might predominate in their opinions of
our tenets, they would remember, that
we acted from a conviction, however mis
taken that conviction might be, of the
equity of our cause that wc made in ev
ery stage of the controversy, an appeal
a peaceful appeal of course to the great
constitutional tribunal of the Union the
Convention of the States. There every
error, whether of a Federal or State cha
racter, might be rectified every griev
ance meet with redress.
But we will not pretend to found our
hopes upon the justice of our principles,
or the virtue of our Northern and West
ern confederates. We are writing to the
understanding of men, who have seen
enough of human nature and have wit
nessed enough of the integrity and disin
terestedness of Congress, not to be per
fectly aware that the whole question
would be considered and decided upon
other grounds than its merits in a moral
point of view. But at t4jo same time, we
know how the motives of interest that ge
nerally have a searching effect upon the
heart and head of brother Jonathan, would
operate upon the present occasion.
Where would the Executive be at this
moment of ihe crisis! Gen. Jackson, in
accordance with the boldness of his cha
racter, would not hesitate a moment. He
has already expressed his sentiments on
this subject with his wonted frankness,
and we may expect to see him prepared
to use all his authority and as much more
as he can assume, in the rigid coercion of
the South.
Gen. Jackson may pronounce the States
of G eorgia and South Carolina to be in a
state of insurrection, and may put their
coasts under a state of immediate block
ade. A frigate may be stationed off the
bar of Charleston, another off the mouth
of the Savannah, while a cultermay scour
the shores of those two States. But even
this is very doubtful. Gen. Jackson's
i.: i t . i
cuuiuui wouiu never venture on such a
hazardous step. Mr. Livingston and his
colleagues would advise a reference in
this most awful crisis, to the Representa
tives of the whole nation in Congress.
Common sense, decorum, and a fear of
responsibility would compel them to this
course. The passionate nature of Gen.
Jackson would be obliged to submit to
the moderation and better judgment of his
advisers. But it is immaterial to the ar
gument what the President might think
fit to do in his fury and his folly.
lie would act as the Commander in
Chief of the naval and military force un
der the constitutional limitations. As
such he is subject to the superior control
of Congress. The navy and army may
be disbanded at the discretion of the Fe
deral Legislature. Their operations are
subject to their direction. What course
would Congress pursue! Upon the an
swer to this question, hangs the whole fate
of the enterprise. The answer is easy.
Congress must determine either to
compel the disaffected States to secede,
or to coerce them to submission, or to
make full concession to their claims:
Will they compel Georgia and South
Carolina to secede? What would be the
consequence to them of a separation
This is the question which they would
discuss. Whatever may be the igno
rance of a majority of the people of the
North as to the true value of the Southern
connection, their argus-eyed statesmen
are alive to its importance. The North
Would be ruined by such a measure.
Their agriculture has never been profita
ble and would become less so. Their
manufactories would be levelled to the
dust, for what Tariff could then enforce
the purchase of their products. Their
navigating interest would disappear from
the face of the ocean, for it would lose the
privileges derived from the Union which
have hitherto cherished it. They could
not hope to gain any thiug from the pre
carious profits of the carrying trade, for
every European port would be closed to
their vessels. Great Britain and France
would never have permitted a Yankee
vessel to enter their harbors but for the
benelit of the rice and cotton trade. If
they can secure that, without the naviga
ting rivalry of the Northern States, they
will do so.
Will the Northern statesmen then dare
to whisper secession with those facts sta
ring them in the face Will they be
prepared to meet with a bold front and
steady nerve, their ruined constituents!
Will they be ready to embrace poverty,
the loss of political distinction, and the
perpetual odium which would be entailed
upon the third and fourth generation of
their descendants! They must lose eve
ry thing they can gain nothing by a se
paration. Will the acute Yankee then
move for disunion? Never. They would
be as little in favor of coercion because
in that event the South would secede
declare themselves independent, and
form treaties with France, Great Britain
and the other nations of Europe. These
powers would embrace the proposition
most willingly, for every argument of
scij interest would be in lavor of it. They
would be their own carriers and they
would of course protect their own com
merce. So much for the blockade. As
for military coercion, it is too ridiculous
to be mentioned now by the warmest an-li-nullifier.
It is evident then, the voice of Con
gress would speak concession. They
would annul the Protecting System re
duce the Tariff to the revenue standard
and be taught by the lessons of experi
ence to refrain at least for a season from
the violation of Southern rights.
Thus would the process of Nullifica
tion prove itself, however controverted
and opposed by ignorant and unprinci
pled men, the peaceful and efficacious
instrument of Federal salvation. Its suc
cessful administration has been witnessed
again and again, and a few short months
will exhibit its most glorious triumphem
blazoned upon the annals of the Republic.
(rThe Charleston Evening Post says:
It bei ug now placed beyond contingency
that South Carolina will nullify the Ta
riff, we fulfil our pledge to answer the
Richmond Whig's inquiry, "How will
South Carolina stand in relation to the
Union after she has nullified? And will
she continue to send members to- Con
gress?" Wc answer that it would be
presumption in us or any man, to pretend
to say what will be the course of our
State subsequently to Nullification. It
will depend much on the course of the
Federal Government, and on a thousand
other circumstances so that it is impos
sible to reply with any certainty but we
may say this much, that Carolina will
stand towards the Union as Georgia does
now. "Will she send representatives to
Congress?" Georgia continues to do so,
and her right has not been disputed.
"Will she expect the compensation of her
members, to be paid from the Treasury?"
She will not attach much importance to
that matter, and will doubtless voluntari
ly assume to pay her own representatives,
so long as she is freed from paying tri
bute to Northern manufacturers.
(QThe foregoing articles from the leading
Nullificatioo papers in South Carolina, doubtless
correctly exhibit Ihe temper and determination ol
that Dai tv in rtcard
pursue impeding the Tariff, The following ex-
tract from an article in the Charleston Courier,
shows an equally spirited resolution onJhe part
of the Unionists, to resist to the utmost the en
forcement of the Nullification doctrines:
"Let us now see how far the putting
down opposition at home will hold good,
as a peaceful measure. The opposition
to Nullification in South Carolina is not
a trifling one, and is composed of such
materials as will make it no easy task to
suppress it; it is composed of men who
know the value of their inestimable rights,
and dare defend them at every hazard;
who will dispute every inch of ground,
and surrender the rich legacy bequeathed
them by their fathers, only with their
lives. The mask has now been thrown
off, the dismemberment of the Union is
openly avowed in our streets, and an ill
omened voice sounds from the seat of
government of South Carolina like the
death bell of liberty, saying, this Union
must be dissolved let the unhallowed
sound awake the sleeping to a sense of
their danger, and rouse the friends of U
nion to buckle on their armor; for on that
day when we must submit to the odious
doctrine of Nullification, which is the first
step to disunion, or resist it, then will the
name or submissionists be forgotten by
our opponents, and thousands of Caroli
na's sons will show that they would rath
er die freemen, than live to see the noble
inheritance which was purchased by the
blood of so many patriots, lost to them
selves and their children forever."
Resistance. The Montgomery (Ala.)
Gazette of the 21st ult. says: Mr. Craw
ford, the Marshal of the Southern Dis
trict of Alabama, was a short time since
resisted by a portion of the white settlers
in the Creek nation, while attempting to
carry into effect the proclamation of the
President of the United States, ordering
an immediate removal of intruders out
of the limits of the same. It appears
that certain citizens, formerly residents
of the lower part of this State, under the
impression that they would be shielded
by the 'sovereignty of the State made it
convenient to build a town on Indian
lands, and to name it Ervvinton. Upon
the Marshal arriving at the spot, he dis
tinctly informed them that they had acted
in direct violation of the instructions of
the Executive, and requested them peace
ably to leave. They refused to comply
Willi his request, and threatened him
with their vengeance.
In a short time after, a detachment of
the Federal troops, under the command
of a Lieutenant, were marched from Fort
Mitchell to the spot, and the town con
sumed by fire. Upon the news of the
conflagration, a process was issued a-
gainst the Lieutenant who commander!
on the occasion, for the purpose of bring
ing him before the civil authority of Pike
county, for a violation of the laws of the
fctate. 'Ihe Deputy Sheriff attemntPft
to execute the process, and, in the at
tempt, was pierced by a federal bayonet
to such an extent that his life is desnnirprl
of and so ended the matter. A few
days ago, the Marshal left Wetumpkae
for the white settlements in the upper
part of the Creek territory. What has
there been done, we know not. 8c
much for the doctrine of Nullification,
when put into practice.
The Cherokces. The Cherokee Phoe
nix states that there vyas nothing of great
interest transacted at the General Coun
cil which commenced its snssinn nn th
23d ult. From other matter contained
in the same paper, we are induced to be
lieve that the Cherokee nation is serious
ly disposed to treat. Mr. Boudinot,edi-
tor or merhoemx has tendered his resig
nation OS Editor to thn Prinmnnl Chief
John Ross. We gather from the letter
icaiyiiauou, inai me iLuiior uuu me
authorities of the Nation are at variance,
the former adverse and the latter favora
ble to cession and rnmoval. The naner.
it is supposed, will be discontinued.