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VOL. VII. - NO 32.
DIRECTORY
Tew* OfDcen
Mayor -E. P. Godwin.
Camtniwoner-T—A. Anderson, N. S.
Pteel. W. A. RlliV»n, J. |i. Leggett, C. H.
(Main.
Street Commbwioier —J. D. Utntt.
Clerk—C. H, Godwin.
Treasurer —N, & Peel.
Attorney—Wheeler Martin.
Chief of Mice-] H. Page.
Lodges
Skewarkee Lodge, No. 90, A. P and A.
M. Regular meeting every Md and 4th
Tuesday night*.
Roanoke Camp. No. 107, Woodmen of
the World. Regular meeting every and
last Priday nights.
Charch of the Adveat
Services on th* second and fifth Sun-
day* of the month, morning end evening.
and on the Saturdays (5 p. m.) before,
• and on Monday* (9 a. in.) after said Sun
days of the month. All are cordially in
vited. B. S. LANMTXK. Rector.
Methodist Cflurch
Rev. T. L. Kirton. the Methodist Pas
tor, has the following appointments:
livery Sunday morning at 11 o'clock and
night st » o'clock respectively, except
the second Sunday. Sunday School
every Sunlav tuoruiug at 9:30 o'clock.
Prayer-meeting every Wednesday even
ing at 1 o'clock. Holly Springs 3rd
Sunday evening at 3 o'clock: Vernon Ist
Sunday evening at 3 o'clock; Hamilton
end Sunday, morning and night; Haaaell*
and Suuday at J o'clock. A cordial in
vitation to all to attend these service*
Baptist Church
Preaching on the i*t. and and 4th Snn
daya at ua. m„ and 7:30 p. m. Prayer
meeting every Thursday night at 7:30
Sunday School every Sunday morning at
9:30. J. I). Bigg*, Superintendent.
The pastor preaches at Cedar Branch on
the 3rd bandav in each month, at 11 a. m.
and 7:30 p. m.. and at Riddick'a Grove
•a Saturday before every lit Sunday at 11
a. m, and on th£ i*t Sunday at 3p. m.
Slade School House on the and Sunday
at 3 p. m.. and the Bigg*' School House
on the 4th Sund ly at 3 p. m. Everybody
cordially invied.
&. D. CAMOU. Pastor.
iSKEWARKEE JL
lo^ e
No. 90, A. P. kA. M. ASJ/N
DtRKCTOaV Pon 1905.
H. W. Stubbs, M. W.; W.C. Manning,
S. W.; S. S. Brown, J. W.; A. P. Taylor,
S. D.; W S. Peel, J. D.; S. R. Bigg*.
Secretary; C. U. Carstarpben, Treasurer;
H. C. Taylor and J. I>. Boweu, Steward*;
T. W. Thorn**, Tyler.
STANDING COMMITTERS:
CM A BIT V —H. W. Stubbs* W. C. Man
ningandS. S. Brown.
PIHaNCK—R. J. Peel, McG. Taylor
and BU Gurganua. '
RSVWKNCR-W. H. Bdwards, 11. D.
Taylor and W. M. Green.
ASYLUM —G. W. Blount, O. K. Cow
ing and P. K. Hodge*.
Mania ALU— I. H. Hattoa.
Professional Cards.
DR- J- A. WHITE.
MM DENTIST
Owe*— Maim Strxkt
Phonb«
Ll I will be in Plymouth theffirat week la
each month.
DR- WM. E. WARREN,
PHYSICIAN*
AND SURGEON.
UFKICK IM
Biggs'
•Phone* No. 2q . 1
BUR ROUS A. CRITCHER,
Attomnhy at Law ✓
Office: Wheeler Martin's office.
'Phone, 23.
Wiluamston. N. C.
S. ATWOOIi WEWELL
LAWYER
OMct ap amir* ia New Bask Build.
~ l*a. left hanl aide, lop of atepa.
Vii.mamhton iS f!.
a* fltcttcr wherever aertloca are lea4r«*
Special attention *tre« to eaaatialag aad atak
■■ MUe for parrhaarra of Usher and tfaaber
lea da
Special attention will be (torn to real catale
eackaaaea. If yum wish to Uijr ar sell land I
caafcetavoa /T WOWH
LADIES
—Or. LaFranoo'o-
Compound a*%£Xiw—
-Bate, Quick, Reliable Regulator
*aparw w ■t rt r»wi*it*a a.+4 UkU piluaa.
£&£&& I
fMafraac*! Klfijalyiji^w.
111 II
Unique Conditions Existing in
the Indian Territory.
MARRIAGE LICENSE SIOOO.
The Aboriginal Race Receding Into
MM Background Source of Much
•f- the Negro and White Blood—
Effort* to enforce Race Law*
Unavailing.
Oklahoma City lies In the middle of
■ vaat and windy prniri*. Fifty or a
kandrsd mil** eaat and south out
•frik** Into a rolling country, with
low rMgea of hills 00Tared by timber
and concealing baoeath their broken
and acraggy surfaces vast areas of
ooal. Thla la the Indian Territory,
th* last refug* of the tribe* that once
bald all th* country between the Ap
palachian* and th* Atlantic ocean In
their possessions, says Booker T.
Washington in the New York Post.
The whole situation out here la pus
allng. It ahould be remembered that,
whan th* «v* civilised nation* —the
Seminole*, the Choctaw*, the Creeks,
the Chlckaaaws, and the Cherokee*—
were banished to the Territory in 1838,
they brought with them a considerable
Infusion of whit* blood, and with this
Inheritance of blood they came Into
the po*****lon of a legacy of Scotch-
Irish names that are still preserved.
On* of the moat noted and numerous
clan* in th* Territory la that of the
llclntoshe*.
Though there bu been considerable
mixture of the different (trains, the
Indian, negro and the white man,
each of the different tribes haa main
tained a different attitude In regard to
the negro, aa far aa concern* inter
marriage and social equality. For In
stance, the negroes have been favored
by the Seminole* and Creeks against
the whitea. On the other hand, I am
Informed, the Cherokeea, Chickasaw*,
and the Choctaw* havs favored the
whites to the prejudice to the negroe*.
Thus ethnic and social consideration*
of the moat complicated sort have en
tered Into and modified the situation
and msde It unique and Interesting.
A further circumstance that haa ten
dad particularly to render the rela
tion* of the racea unstable Is the fact
that every "Indian" (and that Includes
also the freedmen—those who were
formerly slaves of the Indiana, and
adopted cltlsens) Is entitled in the al
lotmen of land now taking place of
from 160 to S6O acres oi land. This
holds good for every man, woman and
child who la a "cltlsen" that Is a mem
ber of the nation. This fsot haa ten
ded to break down the barrier of racial
prejudice. Squaws have become so
sought after aa wives that In the
Chickasaw nation, where every mem
ber of the nation In expected to get
MO acres of land, the marriage license
baa been fixed at 11,000.
The Indian ha* receded. He avoids
the towns and the railway* Just aa
naturally as the white man and the
negro move toward them. There are
towns in the Indian Territory built by
the negroea where an effort has been
made to exclude the white man by
law. There are white town* In the
Indian Territory where they have at
tempted to exclude the negro by law.
In both cases the law* have been de
clared Invalid. But there are, accord
ing to all reports, no Indian towns
and there Is no law that excludes the
Indian. There Is no need for such a
law. They go back of their own ac
cord. When you see an occasional
Specimen In the town be appears like
a stranger.
According to the cenaus of 1900 tbers
were la the Indian Territory 52.610
Indian* and M.870 nagroea. and 502.680
white*. Though the negroe* were then
and are (till perhaps In a connlderablo
minority In th* Territory, they were
everywhere seen working In the mine*
laboring In the street, engaged in
traffic In a small way. In South Mr-
Ale* ter one of the large railway con
tractor*. B. B. McDanlela, is a ne
«ro.
Popular opinion *eem* to be that the
nagroe* have ao far predominated that
th* aativ** have become negrolzed.
Negro** constitute about one-flfth of
th* population, and pay one-fourth of
th* tax**. Negroe* have two bank*—
tfce Cmk Oltiaaoa' bank, with a cap
ital of f50,000, and the Gold Bond bonlc
with a capital of 920.000. Mr. Wash
ington, during his visit stayed with A.
8. U. Sango, president of the Creek
Cltltens' bank. Mr. Sango is a nativ*
eltiaen. His ancestors came with tb*
Indiana from Alabama.
All the property for 40 mile* along
th* Una of railway below Muskogee is
In th* possession of the negroes.
Mslt*a* Ooat*.
The rocky laland of Malta, renowned
In war, possesses perhaps the moat re
markable breed of goata known. They
have a great reputation aa glveta of
milk, notwithstanding th* fact that
th* pasturage* on which they feed are
so vary scant that It Is *aid a cow
would pin* away on them. They ar*
shipped to Tunis, Italy, and other Med
iterranean countrlea, but seldom thrive
any wh*r* aa well aa they do at home.
Thar* ar* two varletlea, the short and
the long haired, and they are about
equally divided in color between whit*
and brown. Heida of them are fre
quently driven Into the *tr*ets of ■
town and milked at the customers'
doora.—Exchange.
Ih« Knew Better.
Gladya—l don't Ilka thl* egg, auntla
it** not good.
Aaatla —Nonsense, dear, It waa onlj
I*l4 yesterday.
Gladys—Well, then It must haw
b*H laid by a bad ban.—Bystander.
ZXX aft
WILLIAMSTON, N. C„ FRIDAY, MARCH 30, 1906
TIGER AND SNAKE VICTIMS
In India Along 20.000 Human Belntfe
Perlah Yaarly.
Tha annual death rate from anaka
bltne In India la (rom 18,000 to 20,00.
Thla represents a greater mortality
than rwiil'R from the epidemics of
aome diseases then-. The British gov
ernment, duly aroused to this (act,
oow offers a bounty (or the head of
•very cobra, in (act, o( any deadly
poisonous snake, oC which there are
(orty specie* ou the Indian continent.
A dead tiger naturally has an Intrinsic
value of It* own. aud aa a result there
need be no Incentive offered to stimu
late efforts looking toward their anni
hilation, even apart (rom considera
tions of seli-pieservatiou.
At the laat compilation tlgera aver
aged an anuual killing of U0 adulta,
while the man-eaters and wolvea be-1
tweeo them made away with any num
ber of children.
There are tlgere- and tigers. In (act,
there are three different sorts of tigers ,
aa regards habits. First, there Is the.
game klllei, * powerful, husky beast,'
aa cunning as a .'ox. as lithe aa a steel
rod, and with teeth a>.4 claws that rip
and cut like buxx-aaws. There there Is
the cattle filler. He Is a boast who,
has grown a irlfle lazy. In the course
of his ezpeiience he has found that ai
bullock may be killed with a great'deal
less trouble than a deer or other sort,
of game, and he has also discovered
that the flesh Is Just as good. If not;
better. He begins with a calf, and,
finding that easy to kill, he works up j
through the various stages until he
learna that the largest bullock or ox
that walks Is very easy prey. A tiger
who becomes a "cattle lifter" haa
started on the downward path. He
does not know thla, of course, but he,
baa, nevertheless —he Is on the sure
road to the man-eat lng trade, and that
lit, the end meana degeneracy and cer
tain death.
Onee a man-eater, always a tfl'an
eater. A man-eating tiger Is almoet
Invariably an old tiger whose teeth
and claws are blunted and who feels |
hla pristine agility departing. Kven |
rattle killing tires him, and as has
been said, he tries his luck with man,'
and thenceforward he has rather an
eaay time of It until he is killed, as ho
always la, sooner or later. As time
goes on he degenerates terribly, ac
cording to animal men. He grows
lean, his blood turns bad. and he Is so
trangy that his pelt Is worthless from .
a commercial point of view.
But the killing of a man-eater is no
easy task, (or the reason that he never
kl'ls twice In the same village. In
stinct has taught him that after he has
made a killing in a village It Is much
more conducive to his health and long
evity to move on to another vlllnge.
And he does. The average rangn of a
man-eater is twenty miles, and aa all
of his range Ilea In the jungle, It Is no
easy matter to hunt him out Yet he
always Is hunted out In time. For
the advent of a man-killer In a village
Is a wonderfully .exciting event, and
every villager who haa a gun Is In
arms, while those who have not con
stitute themselves Into a corps of beat- !
era, rushing through the Jungle, shout- ,
ting and ringing bells and frightening
the beaat out of cover.
"When an Imperial mall carrier falls
victim, then the government becomes
Interested, and all the great aahiba for ,
miles around come down with thWr!
elephants and their double expresu
rifles, to the end that the beawt may ,
be done away with. Mall carriers
travel along the roads on foot, and j
they have little bells about their
waists which Jingle musically, notify- ,
lng the villagers that mall ia at hand.
But It also notifies the tiger that a
well-ted government employe Is at
hand, and not ln(reiuently all that Is
found of the carrier la a mall bag, j
and sometimes not even that.
Poisonous snakes literally swarm In
India. Cobras live In dooryards, In
collars. In gardena, and sometimes
you will find a score ID a field. Na
tives walking about In their bare legs
are killed day alter day, year In and
year out. Perhaps the mortality would
not be so great were the natives not
fatallats, but they arc and when they
are bitten they argue that If their days
are not numbered, then their lives will
eurely be saved In the present In- j
stance, and all efforts looking to that '
end will be wasted. And so, being {
bitten, the majority of them do not'
bother about It foe lour or flvt houru,
when, perhaps, the pain will drive
tbem to a village doctor. Of course It
ia then too late. Perhaps It was too
late In the beginning, but the British
government haa lately adopted an anti
toxin,' which la said sometimes to re
sult beneficially when a cobra victim
la treated iu time. The poison of a !
cobra attacks the nerves, whereas the
bile of Anvrlcan vipers attacks the j
blood, and In fact there la little to j
choose, although the snake curator at j
Bronx Park, K. W. Dltmars, says that j
despite the (art that the cobra ia pop-'
ularly believed to be the most polaon
oua serpent In the world, he would !
rather l>e> bitten by that species than j
by a rattler. In any event, be aald, the '
proper thing to do, being bitten, la to
cnt the wound out with a pon knife, j
and then tie a tourniquet above the
wound, and run for a doctor.—New
York Times.
Enormous Reservoir.
One of the largest works of man's
hands ia the artificial lake ,or reser
voir, In India, at Kajputana. This j
reservoir, said to be the largest in the ;
world, known ss the Grand Tank of ;
Dhebar. and ua«l for Irrlgtatlng pur
pose!, covers an arear of aeventy-one j
square miles.
Budapest's dead street continue 23
houses, which no one will enter be
cause of the abnormal death rate that |
haa prevailed there la the peat
!IT iifj PIS
How These Agents of Land
lord's Practice Extortion.
WOMENWORSETHAN MEN
When Demands Refuted They Resort
to Eleokmsll—Letters Often Held
For Several Days to Punish R»
, fractory Tenants—Rslations Ol
; Servants to Concisrge.
, There la, perhaps, no claaa of Indi
vidual ia B|ria who la aa despised and
eo railed at aa the concierges--uuleaa,
perhaps, It ike the "cochera" and even
these would eoly come second on th«
list.
| The concierge la Paris corresponds
in a certain degree to the caretaker ol
London flats, but he In no way re
, aemblaa that worthy aud decorative
i personage. He la the agent of the
j landlord, whose aole Interests he is
I bound to represent with regard to tha
1. inhabitants of the building. His duties
i; are to show empty tints to prospective
i tenants, to collect the rent four times
i, a year for the landlord, and to deliver
lettera three times a day at the door ot
i| each tenant. Besides thla. the con-
I j clerge muat keep the staircase clean,
; llgtit the gna in summer aud winter
| when uecessary, and "pull the cordon"
; j —that la to say, press the autom.Ul#
button to open the street door after
i j dark each time the bell is rung from
• outside.
The concierge u boused (ree. and it
paid by the landlo>d some nominal
i sum, which la, generally speaking. no|
i aufflclent (or a family to live upon. For
i that reaaon "Monsieur le couclerge.'
i aa a rule, haa aome outdoor employ
ment, leaving "Madame la concierge"
to reign In the lodge, and. aa It la to be
presumed that the very worst o( all
feminine characteristics are more spe
cially developed In a concierge's life,
I "Madame" ia far woroe than "Mon
l aleur."
She haa a perfectly abnormal greed
i for tips, and when these thlnga fall
1 to raise her budget in the necessary
j proportion, she makes It her business,
,' by fair means or foul—more usually
i by foul—to find out the business of
| the tenanta, to interpret their actions
i according to her own low standing
and to turn the knowledge thua ac
quired Into uaeful material for biacg
! mail. Thus are bribes showered upon
her In the vain hope that she will
hold her tongue to the entire quarter—
not concerning what one really does,
but coucerulng whev. she supposes one
does. It Is almost lmpoaslble for any
young woman—maid, wife or widow—
who Is not rich to hope for the goo.l
opinion of the concierge. And as ail
one's correspondence passes through
the lodge, there everything Is read,
and all poat cards are learned by
heart.
' Very often lettera are kept back (or
aeveral daya to annoy or punish re
fractory tenants, if one lives on tho
fifth Boor, and the fourth floor hap
peus to be empty, one may wait for
one'a correspondence (or many d:iys
at a time, because Madame la con
[ clerge will find It too fatiguing to
mount five flights of stairs with tho
letters of a single tenant —and the
fifth ttoor tenant too.
I Each time one rents a fiat one lins
to give a fee known as the "denier a
Diett" to the concierge. This fee is
established upon the scnle of one franc
for every one hundred francs of tho
! rental —that la to say. a rent of 1.200
franca a year would Imply 12 fra>ics
I "denier," and a rent of 2,000 (rauea
20 franca, etc. But this modest p»r
oentage finds (avor only amoug thn
s poorer claaa of houses. The con
j clerge o( an ordinary Paris house
j would demand double and irelile Hint
amount, though, be It well understood
the fee Is customary, but not enforce
able by law any more than the
"etrennea." Yet. when the llgurc of the
"etrennes" or the "denier" Is not to
the taste of the conrlerge, she soon
leta you know For she ia absolutely
shameless In the mat'er of begging.
The lodge of the concierge is a hap
py meeting place after working hours
for all the servants of the house. Here
the btislneaa and private affairs of the
j tenanta are freely discussed and inter
i preted, according to the lights of the
! worthy people who discuss them. It
It rare that the servants come empty
handed—bot Ilea of wine, dainties from
the store cuplioard, pieces of lace of
material (or the gowns of the con
cierge's children, are brought as pro
pitiatory glfta, these artlrl s of course,
being levied (rom the flat. Ihe bonnes
In their turn, are also the victims of
j the concierge, for when ihcy wish to
; go ont at night the concierge will not
i "tirer le cordon" for them unless pald
j by the bonnes to do so, and when an
j unfortunate servant goes out at night
| and forgets to "grease the palm" held
j out at the lodge the concierge finds a
her solemn moral duly to warn the
; mistress of her aervant'a nightly out
g Inga.
j Recourae to the landlord will be o(
j no avail against her, for if she collect
hla rents regulaily. what mutters it to
I him?
Russian Priests.
In Russia every priest Is obliged to |
marry, but only once. Should his wife
die. he is bound by the laws of hia |
j church to retire Into a monastery for
the rest of hie existence. Until qu'tc
1 recent times the eons of priests could
not legally undertake any lay occupa
tion, and weije therefore compelled to
enter the priesthood ltv their turn. All
class privileges and distinctions have
now been swept away, but as a matter
of fact, the priesthood la still recruit
ed almost exclusively among the sons
of prieeta exactly as before.—Ex
change.
WILD GAME IN JAPAN.
H L it Ing As It la Understood In Amar
lea Unknown In Jaoan.
Men often ask me about th* sport
clialnable In Japan, and so with re
spect to this It may not coma am la*
If I here explain, says a Toklo correa
pmdent of the London Field. Haatlng
such as the people of England and Ira
lard understand It by that term la ab
ao'utelt non-existent In the land of
the Mikado. Foxes, deer and hare* art
plentiful enough, but Japan's natural
ft .ires and the method* of agricul
ture followed- by Its farming claasss
ara all, and moat uncompromisingly.
too. against It. * ——•
Of candldstea for the rlfl* Japaa
po.«BeMses quit* a respectable number
among them being three specie* of
bear*, th* wolf, a specie of stag, an
other of antelope and. if It Is poaslbl*
for an old Anglo-Indian to place bin
in the same category, the wild boar.
All are, however, sesree. and getting
scarcer yearly, and it certainly would
not pay any one to make extensive
preparations for going In search of any
of (hem, for. though the Alno, that ex
tremely hairy aboriginal of Japan
hunts them all moat assiduously, ht
will render no nsslstince to a stranget
to do likewise, and «o for the Japan
ese hnnlen he Is the moot pitiful ol
shikaris.
And then, again. th« slightest rtevla
(l»n by a foreigner off the beaten track
of foreign (ravel In Japan Is mure like
ly than not to lead to unpleasantneM
for hi in, (or suspicion of foreigners and
their motives IB one of the leading and
worst traits In the Japanese character.
Not being sportsmen or traders In th«
same sense and from the same motive
as the Kngllsh-speaklng people aru,
they eannot understand why any one
should spend his time in pursuit at
objects, which, to them, at least, bring
no tangible results. To travel they
nave no objection, but only do so to
see places of Interest and with some
very definite object In view, such as
for the spying out of a foreign land or
for the gaining of knowledge upns a
special subject, but never for sport
To revert, howevur, to the wild
game of Japan. It Is a pity Indeed that
matters are as described, for the bear*
of the land are unique, as well from
the point of view of the enormous else,
strength and fierceness of one specie*
as from the dlmlnutlvenees of another.
The first Is a great carnivorous brute,
a sort of grtzily. which makes nothing
of killing and carrying off a fourteen
hand pony. Next to him comes a black
beast very much like the sloth bear of
India, and last of all a diminutive lit*
tie brute scarce larger than a good
siaed spaniel, exceedingly shy and aet
dom seen
The wolves of Japan are scare*, cow
ardly and of Utile account, and found
now only In the extreme northern part
of the empire. The stag Is about til*
•lie of and In make, shape and hablta.
too. like the fallow deer of England
and Scotland. The little Japanese an
telope must be a very near relative.
Indeed of the Jingle bakrl of India,
possessing as he does, the same gener
nl appearance and shy hablta.
The wild ptg of Japan appears to be
a domestic pig run wild, indeed. 1
have wen herds of Mnnchurlan and
Mongolian swine, great black hairy
beasts, driven through the street* ol
Peking, of a far wilder and fiercer
breed than any wild pig 1 have com*
arrow* In Japan. The boars there are,
however, of A fnlr size, but never so
till on the legs nor with such Una
tusks as the jurikly sooar of India. To
itde one of tha-m down, as we do hi*
brother, would be an Impossibility, for,
as It would l>e the case In hunting, *o,
too. In this sport, the nature of th«
country would lie all against any OM
attempting to do so.
A Llftlf Tussle
with tliat 01.l enemy of the race,
Constipation, often ends in Appen
dicitis To avoid all serious trou
ble with Stomach, Liver and Bow
els, take I)r. King's N«w Life
Fills. They perfectly regulate
organs without pain or discomfort.
25c at S. R. Biggs', druggist.
Caller; "And are you and Tom
tit \ ju the same class at school?"
Johnny: "Naw, Tommy fights
at sixtv-lwo, an' I weigh ninety
when I'm trained down. —Cleve-
land Lraili-r-
The Inst safi gnai 1 against head
ache, constipation and liver Iron
ies is IX-Witt's Little liarlv Risers.
Keep a vial of these famous little
I ills in the house and take a dose
at led time when vou feel that
the stomach and liowels need clean
sing- v They don't gripe. ; Sold !>v
S R. Bi*gs-
You say yon don't pay any at
tention to the weatqer predictions?
Not much; if I want to know the
temjierature is going to be 1 ask
the janitor."—Washington Star.
Tirtiri ki Snagis
"Shaking of the torture to
which some of the savage tribes of
the Philippines subject their cap
tives, reminds me of the intense
suffering 1 endured for three
months from inflammation of the
Kidnevs," says W. M Sherman,
of Cushing, Me "Nothing helped
me until I tried Klectric Bitters,
three tattles of which completely
cured me." Cures Liver Com
plaint, Dyspepsia, Blood disorders
and Malaria, and restores the weak
and nervous to robust health.
Guaranteed by S. R. Biggs, drag
gist. Price 50c.
nauviM
Evolution of the Modern Lan
guage of the Ghettos.
IS OF GERMAN ORIGIN.
First Attempt to Writ* Literature In
Modern Yiddish The Maeeea Ara
Not Aware It le Of Foreign Ex
tractien Adopts Foreign Worda
For Ha Own Use.
| Never, perhapa has a language been
heaped with ao Meh abuae and lnauit
laa the Jowl* vernacular called, Yid
dish. Begtaalng with Oerman scholars
and eadlag with Ylddlah writera them
eelvee, all have foond fault with IL
But Ita fiwraat aoemiea were the He
brew writers
| Hebrew waa the common language
of the Jewiah people Ull the fifth oen
tury B. C.. and alnoe then the Jewa
have adapted themaelvea eaaliy to the
langnagea apoken by the natlona
among which they were exiled, or to
which they had voluntarily emigrated.
From the Babylonian exile they
brought the Aramaic language, which
waa current la Paleatine during the
period of the Becond Temple, and,
with the conquest of Jerusalem by
Alexander the Great, Greek became tho
language at the educated classed,
though Hebrew waa also used among
them. Aa a apoken tongue Hebrew
had vanished entirely by the end of
the second century A D., but It con
tinued to live aa a literary language.
In the early Middle Ages the Jewa
of France apoke the French language,
of Germany the Oerman. of Spain
Bpaniah. of the Slavic lands the Slavic
language. la Spain the Spanish lan
guage waa ao deep-rooted among them
that when they were expelled from
there. In 1191. they carried their adopt
ed tongue along Into their new homea
and It is still, in a mixed form called
Ladlno, uaed aa a vernacular and aa a
literary language among the descend
ants of the Spanish Jews In Turkey,
Bervla. Itaania. Bulgaria. Palestine
and Morocco.
Ylddlah means Jewish—and aa such
It la known among the Jewa—aa if it
were tbelr national language. The
maaaaa do not entertain even the least
■napiclon that It Is of a foreign origin.
Many a Jewiah mother In the Russian
Pale believes that Yiddish Is the sis
tor language to that in which the Moat
High spoke to her forefathers upon
the Mount Sinai, and it pains her sore
ly to see that her educated child haa
entirely discarded It for the language
of his oppressors.
Yiddish la originally a German dta
| lect of the middle Rhine. Till the be
ginning of th«- nineteenth century It
was the spoken language of the Jews,
not only In Germany, but In east
Frame. In Holland, in l-undon, In Den
mark. Roumanla. Hungary, North It
aly. and In Switzerland, it has added
to Itaelf a good portion of Hebrew,
Polish, Kuaalan and words from other
language* picked up here and there In
Ita long wanderings from land to fond.
Moreover. Its pronunciation, accentua
tion and grammar have been so lar
modified that It may be looked upon us
a separate language
The first beginnings of Yiddish
have not been asi-ertained. The old
est translation of the I'salms Into Yid
dish dates from the end of the fifteenth
century, and whether Yiddish is older
than that —nobody can tell with cer
tainty.
In those early troubled times Yid
dish was not onljr the spoken language
but the channel through which all the
treasures of the Hebrew literature,
reached the masses, especially the wo
men, giving them new life and en
couraging them to carry on their bur
den and cheriah their hope as a na
tion. The Bible and other sacred and
moral books were translated Into Yid
dish, and many a poor Jewish wo
man's heart throbbed with bliss and
happiness at the reading of her na
tion's past greatness and future glory.
In this wajr Yiddish became the lit
erary language of the masses, although
until the nineteenth century Ita us
was pretty well limited to the transla
tion of moral and religious books.
With the advent of Moses Mendelssohn
a new period began. The educated
German Jews saw in the Yiddish a
menace to the emancipation of thclt
brethren from the Ghetto and began
to persecute It with all available
means In their power. The hatred ol
the Jewlah German scholars, with but
few exceptions, became so great that
no abuse was strong enough to charac
terise the reviled language. And tbal
hatred has scarcely yet subsided.
The first attempt to write llteratur*
In modern Yiddish as It Is used in tin
everyday life of the people was mal4
In the beginning of the nineteenth cen
tury by Mendel Lefln. who received ■
shower of abuse for his pains.
The gums an, l resins obtained
from pine trees have long l>een
recognized as highly lieneficial ill
the treatment of backache, kidney
and bladder troubles. Pine-ules is
the name of a new medicine, the
principle ingredients of which come
from the pine forests of onr own
native land. Sold by S. R. Biggs
Waste leads to want and wait
leads to woe: before vou start con
sider which way to go.
Indigestion is much of a habit.
Don't get the habit. Take a lit
tle Kodol Dyspepsia Cure after
eating and you will quit belching,
puffing, palpitating and frowning
Kodul digests what you eat and
makes the stomach sweet. Sold
by S. R. Biggs. __
m r— T a- ** ■»',
ADVERTISING
Your money back.*—Judicious advertis
ing W the kind that pays back to yoo
the money you in Teat Space hi thfc
paper assures yon prompt retnna .
WHOLE NO. 3231
Over-Work Weakens
Your KidneysJ
Unhealthy KMaeys Bate - JLI I Mail
All the blood la your body pun UnJ
your kkmeya once rrerjMhree mlnnlM
titt €5l. IJ*^l
Mnffh 000 imiiWiMiyM
jaJpyflVV&fiir Imporitta la the MOOZI
11 « he r»™«*ck oroel'
flleirw? q,leil,e * ; '
malian come frMtSp
kidney trouble.
Kidney trouble cause* quick or MMn
heart beats, and makes one feel -- »u—Jfl
they had heart trouble, t Tnrt the IwutW
over-working in pumping iMA kidaev
poisoned blood through veins and artartsaT •>
It used to he considered thai only I.HIMTS":
troubles wore to be traced to the kidney* '
but now modern science proves that nuf
all constitutional -"""it have their b«to>
nine In kidney trouble.
If you are sick you can malts no oriMflM
by first doctoring your kidneys. The mild
and the eitraordinary effect o( Dr. Kilmer**
Swamp-Root, the greet kidney remedy to
soon reslized. It stands the highest for Ma
wonderful cures of the most distressing CIMB
and Is sold on Its mertta tyV
by all druggists In fifty
cent snd one-dollar stx-^|
You may have
sample bottle by mail Ummt mt
free, also pamphlet telling you how to IM
out if you have kidney or bladder trouble.
Mention this paper wncn writing Dr. Kilmer
& Co., Bingham ton. N. Y.
Don't make any mistake, but remember
the name, swamp-Roo(. Dr. Kihnsrfe
Swamp-Root, and the address. Binghamtoat
N. Y.. on every bottle.
eanMSOy he raised with
>iru lar. even .lands, and
of tho very bent rr. In, for whieh the
highest pric 1 ma be vol ten at your
«irt'huuti', or from tobacco buyers If
rnu will, a few weeks before planting,
liberally use
Yirfiaia-Ctraliaa FertQizcn.
TTse them strain MA top drentßff, or
second application. Thcne fertilisers
nro mixed by eatable m-a. who have
trtwo tpaklnir fertilizers all their Uvea,
Hiwl contain fibmphoric arid, potash
Mil*l nltrotrvn. or ammonia. In their
proper protM»rtk>na to return to your
w>ll the elements of nlanMlfe that
have bt-en taken from it by continual
cultivation. Accept no sulistitute.
Virginia-Carolloa Chemical Co.,
Richmond. Va. Atlanta. Oa.
Norfolk. Va, 8a \annah. Oa.
Durham. N.O. Montgomery. Ala,
CharltMKtoti. H. (\ Memphis, Tens.
Baltimore, V.»l. Mirvxeport. La.
KILL™, COUCH
CURE th. LUWCB
•"Dr. King's
New Discovery
/CONSUMPTION Price
FOR I OUGHSand 50c h $l.OO
Free Trial.
bureat and Quickest Cure for au
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ENOINES AND BOILERS
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ASK FOR OUR ESTIMATE KPOM
PLACING TOUI OfiDEK.
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COLUMBIA, 8 C.
Sold by S. R. Biggs.