WJIIt BRINGS NEW
TASKS AND DUTIES
—__
President Pointt Out Big Prob
lems Which Confront
Congress.
SWST OPER SATES OF TRADE
•hips to Carry Goods to Imply Mar
fcete Is Imperative Necessity—
Our National Defense Use In
Our Citisenry—Need
of iconomy.
Washington, Dec. I. —The new tasks
«ad duties imposed upon the United
States aa a result of the European war
•ecupied the greater portion of Presi
dent Wilson a message to congress
read today before a Joint session of
the two bouses. The message follows:
Gentlemen of the Congress:
The session upon which you are now
watering will be the closing session of
tthe Sixty-third congress, a congress, I
wentur«- to say, which will long be re
membered for the great body of
thoughtful and conatructlve work
which It has done, In loyal reaponse
4o the thought and needs of the coun
try. I should like in this address to re
wtew the notable record and try to
■nake adequate aasessment of It; but
wo doubt we atand too near the work
that has been done and are ouraelves
OO much part of It to play the part of
fclatoriana toward It. Moreover, our
thoughts are now more of the future
than of the past.
While we have worked at our tasks
of peace the circumstances of the
whole age have been altered by war.
What we have done for our own land
and our own people we did with the
best that was in us, whether of char
acter or of Intelligence, with sober
enthusiasm and a confidence In the
principles upon which we were acting
which 'sustained us at every step of
the difficult undertaking; but It Is
done. It has passed from our hands.
It is now un established part of the
legislation of the country. Its useful
ness, it H effects, will disclose them
■elves In experience. What chiefly
atrlkes us now, as we look about us
during these closing days of a year
which will be forever memorable In
the history of the world, Is that we
face new tasks, have been facing them
these six mouths, must face them In
the months to come—face them with
out partisan feeling, like men who
fcave forgotten everything but a com
mon duty and the fact, that we are
representatives of a great people
iwhose thought Is not of us but of what
America owes to herself and to all
mankind In such circumstances as
these upon which we look amazed and
anxious.
I Europe Will Nssd Our Help.
"War has Interrupted the means of
trade not only but also the processes
of production. In Europe It Is destroy
Ing men and resources wholesale and
npon a scale unprecedented and ap
. palling. There is reason to fear that
the time la near, if It be not already
at hand, when several of the coun
tries of Europe will And it difficult to
4o for their people what they have
hitherto been always easily able to do,
many essential and fundamental
things. At any rate they will need our
help and our manifold services as they
have never needed them before; and
we should be ready, more lit and
ready than we have ever been.
It Is of equal consequence that the
nations whom Europe has usually sup
plied with Innumerable articles of
manufacture and commerce can now
set only a small part of what they for
merly Imported and eagerly look to ug
to supply their all but empty mar
kets. This is particularly true of our
own neighbors, the states, great and
•mall, of Central and South America.
Here are markets which we must sup
ply, and we must And the means of ac
tion. The United States, this great
people for whom we speak and act,
abould be ready, as never before, to
aerve itself and to serve mankind;
ready with Its resources, its energies,
Its forces of production, snd its means
of distribution.
Ws Nssd Ships.
It is a very practical matter, a mat
ter of waya and means; We have the
reeources, but are we fully ready to
aee them? And If we can make ready
what we have, have we the means at
hand to distribute It? We are not fully
ready; neither have we the meana of
distribution. We are willing, but we
are not fully able. We have the wish
to serve and to serve greatly, geuer
oualy; but we are not prepared as we
ahould be. We are not ready to mo
bilise our resources at once. We are
not prepared to use them immediately
and at their best, without dels) and
without waste.
To speak plainly we have grossly
QUEER FOOD OF FILIPINOS
Three Thousand Tons of Dried Grass
hoppers Marketed Annually In
Philippines.
Dried grasshoppers are used as
flood la the Philippine Islands," said
Henry Jackson Waters, president of
the college. In a talk before the agri
cultural society of the Kansas State
Agricoltuval college. "Three thou
sand tons of miAopptn ers mar
•rreJ In the way In which we have
stunted and hindered the development
of our merchant marine. And now,
when we need ships, we have not got
them.
I have come to aak you to remedy
and correct theae mistakes and orais
■iona. The time and the circumstances
are extraordinary, and so must our ef
forts be also.
Use and Conssrvatlen.
Fortunately,, two great measures,
finely conceived, the one to unlock,
with proper safeguards, the resources
of the national domain, the other to
encourage the use of the navigable
water outside that domain for the
generation of power, have already
I«ssed the house of representatives
and are ready for Immediate consider
ation and action by the senate. With
the deepest earnestness I urge their
prompt paasags.
And there is another great piece of
legislation which awaits and should
receive the sanction of the senate:
1 mean the hill which gives a larger
measure of self-government to the peo
ple of the Philippines. I cannot believe
that the senate will let this great
measure of constructive justice await
the action of another Congress. Its
passage would nobly crown the record
of these two ysars of memorable la
bor.
An Important Duty
But I thin': that you will sgree
with me that this does not complets
the toll of our duty. How are we to
carry our goods to the empty msrkets
of which I have spoken if we have
not the certain and constant means
of transportation upon which all profit
able and useful commerce depends?
And how are we to get the ships. If
we wait for the trade to develop with
out them?
The routes of trade must be actually
opened—by many ships and regular
sailings and moderate charges—before
streams nt merchandise will flow free-
and profitably through them.
Must Open Qatea of Trade.
Ifence the pending shipping bill,
discussed at the last session, but aa
yet passed by neither house. In may
judgment such legislation Is Impera
tively needed nnd can not wisely be
postponed. The government must
open these gates of trade, and open
thetn wide; open them before it is
altogether profitable to open them, or
altogether reasonable to ask private
capital to open them at a venture.
It Irf not a question of the government
monopolizing the field It should take
action to make It certain that trans
portation at reasonable rates will be
promptly provided, even where the
carriage is not at flrst profitable; and
then, when the carriage has become
sufficiently profitable to attract and
engage private capital, and engage it
In abundance, the government ought
to withdraw* I very earnestly hops
that the congross will be of this opin
ion, and that both houses will adopt
thin exceedingly lmportuut bill.
The great subject of rural credits
still remains to be dealt with, and
It is a matter of deep regret that the
difficulties of the subject have seemed
to render it impossible to complete
a bill for passage at this session. But
It can not be perfected yet, and there
fore there are no other constructive
measures the necessity for which I
will at this time call your attention
to; but I would be negligent of a
very manifest duty were I not to call
the attention of the senate to the fact
that the proposed convention for safe
ty at sea awaits Its confirmation and
that the limit fixed in the convention
Itself for Its acceptance Is the last
day of the present month
Charting of Our Coaats.
There is another matter of which
I must make special mention, if I am
to discharge- my conscience, lest it
should esctu>e your attention. It may
seem a very small thing. It affects
only a single Item of appropriation.
Hut many htitnau lives and many
great enterprises hang upon it.
It Is the matter of making adequate
provision for the survey and charting
of our coasts.
It Is Immediately pressing and exi
gent In connection with the immense
coast line of Alaska. This is a matter
which, as I have said, seems small,
but Is In reality very ureat. Its Im
portance has only to be looked Into
to be appreciated.
Economy It Urged.
Refore I CIOHH, may I aay a few
words upon two topics, much dis
cussed out of doors, upon which It is
highly Important that our judgments
should be clear, definite and steadfast.
One of these fa economy in govern
ment expenditures. The duty of econ
omy is not debatable. It is manifest
and important.... In the appropriations
we pass we are spending the money
of the great people whose servant!
we are—not our own. We are trus
tees and responsible stewards in the
spending. The only thing debatable
and upon which we should be careful
to make our thought and purpose,
clear is the kind of economy demand
ed of us. I assert with the greatest
confidence that the people of the
United States are not jealous of the
amount their government coats tr
they are sure that they get what they
need and desire for the outlay, that
keted In M*uila in a year.
'•There Is a grasshopper plague
every ten yeara in the Philippines,"
said President Waters, "and the
problem of combating the graaahop
perg in a warm climate like the Phil
ippine* Is more difficult than In coun
tries where cold weather isrres aa a
check.
"There are maay aores of unset
tled country which jpnre as breeding
places tor the grasshopp?m. The
method used in capturing the grass
hoppers is to organise a drive. - A
THE ENTgRPRISI, WILLIAMSTOH, NORTH CAROLHTA.
the money Is being spent for object!
of which they approve, and thst it li
being applied with good businesi
sense and management.
The sort of economy we ought U
practice may be effected, and ought tc
be effected, by a careful atudy and
assessment of the tasks to be per
formed; and tbe monsy spent oughl
to be made to yield the beat possible
returns In efficiency and achievement
And, like good stewards, we should
so account for every dollar of our ap
propriations as to make it perfectly
evident what it was spent for and In
what way It was spent.
It Is not expenditure but extrava
gance that we should fear being criti
cised for; not paying for the legiti
mate enterprises and undertaklags of
a great government whose people
command what It should do, but add
ing what will benefit only a few or
pouring money out for what aeed not
have been undertaken at all or might
have been postponed or better and
more economically conceived aad car
ried out. The nation la not niggardly;
It Is very generous, ft will chide us
only if we forget for whom we pay
money out and whose money It is we
psy.
These are large and generaf stand
ards, but they are not very difficult of
application to particular Cases.
The Natural Defense.
The other topic 1 shall take leave to
mention goes deeper Into the princi
ples of our national life and policy.
It la the subject of national defense.
It cannot be discussed without first
answering some'very searching ques
tlona.
It la said In some quartera that we
are not prepared for war. What Is
meant by being prepared? It la meant
that we are not ready upon brief no
tice to put a nation In the Held, a na
tion of men trained to arms? Of
courae we are not ready to do that;
and we shall never be In tine of
peace ao long aa we retain our pres
ent political prlnclplea and Instltu
tlona. And what la It that It la sug
gested we ahould be prepared to do?
To defend ourselves againat attack?
We have always found meann to do
that, and shall And them whenever It
is necessary without calling our peo
ple away from their necesaary tasks
to render compulsory military service
In times of peace.
Allow me to apeak with great plain
ness and directness upon thla great
matter and to avow my. convictions
with deep earnestness. I have tried
to know what America Is, what her
people think, what they are, what
they moat cheriah, and hold dear, I
hope that some of their finer passion*
are In my own heart, aome of the
great conceptions and deslrea which
gave birth to thia government and
which have made the voice of thia
people a vofce of peace snd hope and
liberty among the peoplea of the
world, and that, apeaking my own
thoughta. I ahall, at least in part,
apeak theirs alao, however, faintly and
Inadequately, upon this vital matter.
Fesr No Nation
We are at peace "with all the world.
No one who apeak* counsel baaed
on fact or drawn from a juat and
candid Interpretation of realltlea
can nay that there la reason for fear
that frritn any quarter our Indepen
dence or the Integrity of our territory
la threatened. Dread of the power
of any other nation we are Incapable
of. We .are not jealoua of rivalry In
the Itelda of commerce or of any other
peaceful achievement. We mean to
live our Uvea aa we will; but we mean
also to let live. We are, Indeed, a
true friend to all the natlona of the
world, because we threaten none,
covet the possessions of none, dealre
the overthrow of none. Our friend
ship can be accepted and is accepted
without reservation, because it Is of
fered in a spirit and for a purpoae
which no one need ever question or
suspect. Therein lies our greatness.
We are the champions of peace and
of Concord. And we should be very
Jealous of this distinction which we
havj® Wight to earn. Just now we
Bhould be particularly Jealous of it,
because it is our dearest present hope
that this character and reputation
may presently. In God's providenc«.
bring us an opportunity to counsel
and obtain peace In the world and
reconciliation and a healing settle
ment of man a matter that has Pooled
and Interrupted the friendship of
nations. This ia the time above all
others when we should wish and re
solve to keep our strength by aelf-poa
session, our Influence by preserving
our ancient prlnciplea of action.
Raady for Defense.
From the first we have bad a clear
and settled policy with regard to
military establishments. We never
have had, and while we retain our
present principles and Ideals we never
shall have, a large standing army.
If asked, are you ready to defend
yourselves?- We reply, most assured
ly, to the utmost; and yet we shall
not turn America Into a military
camp. We will not aak our young
men to spend the best years of their
lives making soldiers of themselves.
There Is another sort of energy in us.
It will know how to declare Itaelf and
large shallow tank ts constructs
which baa wings of galvanised iron
The tank la filled with keroaene The
natives then start the drive three or
four mllbs away and close In gradual
ly, driving the grasshoppers before
them into the t&nk. The grasshop
pers are then dried and sent to mar
-In§J/
If the Filipinos would use Profes
sor Dean's method of poisoned bran
mash, it would prove more effective,
believes President Waters, than the
ay*tern which la used.
make itself effective should occasion
ti-tae. -And especially vhen half the
world la on fire we shall be careful
to make our moral insurance against
the spread of the conflagration very
definite and certain and adequate la
deed.
Let us remind ourselves. therefore,
of the only thing we can a* c." will
do. We must depend in every time
of national peril, la the future aa la
the past, not upon a standing army,
nor yet upon a reserve army, but upon
a citizenry trained and accustomed
to %rms. It will ba right enough, right
American policy, based upon our ac
customed principles and practices, to
provide a system by wbich every
citizen who will volunteer for
the training may be made familiar
with the use of modern ansa, the rudi
ments of drill and maneuver, and the
maintenance and sanitation of campe.
We should encourage sueh training
and make 'it a means of discipline
which our young men will learn to
value. It is right that we should prm
vide it not only, but that we should
make it as attractive as poeaibla, and
so Induce our young men to undergo
it at such times as they can command
a little freedom and can seek the
physical development they need, for
more heslth's sake,' if for nothing
more. Every means by which such
things can be stimulated is legitimate,
and such a method smacks of true
American ideas. It is a right, too,
that the National Guard of the states
should be developed and strengthened
by every means which is not incon
sistent with our obligations to our
own people or with the established
policy of our government. And this,
also, not because tbe time or occasion
specially rails for such measures, but
because it should be our constant pol
icy to mske these provisions for our
national peace and safety.
More than this carries with It a re
versal 'of the whole history and char
acter of our polity. More than thla,
proposed at this time, permit me to
say, would mean merely that we had
lost our self-possession, that we had
been thrown off our balance by a war
with which he have nothing to do,
whose causes cannot touch us. whose
very existence affords us opportun
ities of friendship and disinterested
service which should make us
ashamed of any thought of hostility
or fearful preparation for trouble.
Shipa Our Natural Bulwarks.
A powerful navy we have always
regarded us our proper and natural
tneanv of defense; and it baa always
been of defense that we have thought,
never of aggreasion or of conquest.
Hut who shall tell ua now what sort
of navy to build? We ahall take leave
to be strong upon the seas, In the
future aa in the past; and there will
be no thought of offense or of provo
cation in that. Our ships are our
natural bulwarks. When will the ex
perts tell us Juat what kind we ahould
construct—and when win they be
right for ten yeara together, If the
relative efficiency of craft for differ
ent kinds and uaea continuea to
change as we have seen It tmange
under our very eyes In these last
few months?
Hut I turn sway from the subject.
It la oot new. There la no new need
to dlasuss It. We ahall not alter our
attitude toward It because some
amongst us are nervous snd excited.
We shall easily and aenalbly agree
auch a policy of defenae. The ques*
tion has not changed its aspects be
cause the timea are not normal. Our
policy will not be for an occasion.
It will be conceived aa a permanent
and settled thing, which we will pur
aue at all seasons, without haata and
after a fashion perfectly consistent
with the peac* of the world, the abid
ing friendship of statrfs, and the un
hampered freedom of all with whom
we deal. Let there be no misconcep
tion. The country has been mliln
formed. We have not been negligent
of national defense. We are not un
mindful of the great reaponaiblllty
resting upon ua. Wa ahall lepra and
profit by the leeaon of every experi
ence and every new circumstances;
and what ia needed will be adequately
done.
Grest Dutlss of Psacs.
I close, aa I began, by reminding
you of the great tasks and duties of
peace which challenge our beat pow
ers and Invite us to build what will
last, the tasks to which we can address
ourselves now snd at all tlmea the
free-hearted test snd with all the fin
est gifts of constructive wisdom we
possess. To develop our life and our
resources; to supply our own people,
and the people of the world aa their
need arises, from the abundant plenty
of our fields and our marta of trade;
to enrich the commerce of our own
states and of the world with the prod
ucts of our mines, our farms, and our
factories, with the creatloas of our
thought and the fruits of our charac
ter—this Is what will hold our atten
tion and our enthusiaam steadily, now
and In the years to coma, as we strive
to show in our Ufa aa a nation what
liberty and the Inspirations of an
emancipated spirit may do for meu
and for societies, for indlvlduala, far
states, and for mankind.
Russian Woman Martyr.
Mrs. Catherine Breahkovsky, known
as "Baboushka," or grandmother to
the Russians, has been ordered to
some point on the arctic circle, after
having been Imprisoned at Irkutsk for
trying to escape. She la seventy years
old and was sentenced to the life of
a convict because of her anarchistic
activities. Several years ago she
made a lecture tour of the United
States.
Is kw aa asset or a llskHit
frmmoNAL
SUNMrSdKJOI
LESSON
Of KO SELLERS. Acting Director at
Sunday School Coutw.)
LESSON FOR DECEMBER 13
THC GREAT COMMISSION.
LEMON TEXT—Matt. M:IS-I»; Lake M:
M-M.
OOLDEM TEXT—Lo, I am with TOO al
ways. erea ail* tbe ead of the world.—
Matt. Mm
Thla leaaon consist* of two para
graphs which oonstltute what might ha
termed two commlaaloaa or two parts
of the Ores* Commission. There are
four dlatlnct accounts of the final com
mands of oar Lord to hia disciplea,
each presenting a different phase at
the work ha committed to Ids follow
ers. In this leaaon wa have for our
consideration two of thass aspects
which ought aot to be confused.
I. The Appearance In Jerusalem,
Thomas Being Absent. Luke
(1) The Reaurraetsd Lord, w. 3S-4S.
The Emmaus disciplsa reported to the
disciples, and thoss gathered with
them In Jerusalem, the things they
had experienced, eepedally la the
brsaklag of bread. This oocurred lata
In the evening (ass Luke 14:11, M).
While they, and ths othere, wars ra
ti earning the many things that had ta
ken plaoe on that first eventful day,
Jeaus himself suddsnly appears In
their mldat without the opening of a
door and asks thsm of their thoughts.
Once before he had thua searched
them (Luke f:4€, 47), but now ths oc
casion is quite different fear of the
Jews had orowded them into this room.
but no cloaad door except that of the
human heart can keep out the risen
Lord. Simon's report (ch. 24:34) and
that of the Emmaus disciples were not
sufficient to allay their fear. Pear at
this visible evldenoe of the supernat
ural Is true of us all. but when Jeaus
truly la present there is peace no
matter what may be the turmoil with
out, or the fear within.
Man of Flesh and Bone.
This appearance was a demonstra
tion that it was he himself, and to add
proof upon proof he first showed them
his pierced hands and feet, and then
called for fish and ate It before, and
doubtless with, them. Jesus Is today
a man of flash and bona aa much aa
when ha walked Galilee's hllla. Hla
blood be poured out upon Calvary.
The evidence of the literal, physical
resurrection of Christ is oo overwhelm
ing that the unbeliever does violence
to his reason not to accept It.
(2) The Aaeended Lord, w. 44-49.
This coming of Jaaua and hla message
of peace and assurance brought also
a commission that this great fact be
told to others. The event recorded In
these versea did not occur in Jeru
salem but upon Mount Olivet and oon
stltutes the final appearance of Jesua.
As ha had done often before, so now
he sets his seal upon the Old Test**
meat, expreasly speaking of Its books
under their accepted three-told divi
sion (v. 44). In these there are be
tween three and four hundred iirect.
not to spaak of the Indirect, prophe
cies concerning him. What we need
la to have the Holy Spirit that we may
"understand" (v. 45). the purpose of
his life and death. Jesua taught hla
dlaclplea what that purpose la (v. 47),
vl»„ the "remlaaloa of sins," baaed on
the sura ground of hla finished work.
This, and thla alone. Is the goapel and
It Is to be preached In his name unto
all nations —a missionary suggestion—
but beginning at home, In Jerusalem.
Verse 49 tells us of that other needed
preparation to make us effective wit
nesses, the enduement of the Holy
Spirit
Some Disciples Doubted.
11. The Appearance to the Eleven
In Galilee, Matt. t>: 16-20. Thla event
took place much later than that men
tioned in the first part of the prevloua
section. Aa we carefully read thla
aectlon It suggests that Jesus wan
somewhat removed from the dis
ciples, yet their vlalon was ao clear
that they worahlped him. though soma
doubted. Drawing near to the dis
ciples he first of all emphaalsee hla
aupreme authority. "all power In given
unto ma." and on that authority he
eommlaatoned them to their work of
dladpilng "all natlona." Mark's ren
dering of thla commission (It: IS, II)
la more inclusive, "to the whole crea
tion," including nil of man's welfare,
nodal aa wall aa spiritual. For Jesus
thus to claim authority and to ssnd
forth his ambaaaadora and still not be
"the very God of the vary God" Is to
stamp him either aa an lmpoator or n
lunatic. Because all power la hla,
therefore the obligation and the ao»
eompanylng Holy Spirit who will eat
able ua to tench the thlnga ha ban com
manded. There Is bnck of the com
mission "all power" and accompany
ing it a bleaeed fellowship, "La, I am
with you all the days."
The sad thing la that attar Marty
two thouaand years we have carried
out so poorly the great commlastoa.
And lastly the disciple la not to go
In his own strength or wisdom. His
parables describe tally the ate upon
which the dlaclplea were entering. Aa
they went forward and ua we "follow
tat their train." to devote ourss»>ss to
the enterpriaea of hla klngdoaa, fee do
dnred that he would ha with them and
with ua untn the time of the eocaun
matlon of the age.
"When we so his way, ha goee mm
way j but If we go oer own we so II
i&iM " . „ »V i-
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Sims what Awkwsrd.
A young Parisian, noted for Ma
grace and readiness as a second tm
many duels, had been asked by a
friend to accompany him to tba
mayor's office and affix his slgnatsra
as a witness to the matrimonial cera*
mony.
Ha consented, but when tha sceaa
was reached awkwardly forgot U»
self.
Just as the mayor was ready for tha
last formalities, he broke out, to tha
astonishment of all parties, with tha
remark:
"Gentlemen, cannot this unhappy af
fair be arranged? Is there no way of
preventing this sad occurrence V
Cant Se Done,
Ha was a member of a regimental
band, and he did not forget to brag
about it
"Why, maa. we can play the moat In
tricate airs at sight," he was saying.
"Indeed!" said the unbelieving li»
tener. "I should like to hear you play
tha airs the drum major puts on."
, Why Money Is Pamlnlna.
Teacher —In Prencb money la fesd
nine. Can anyone tell me why?
Pupil—Tes, ma'am; because It talk*
If only sensible women were permit
ted to marry there would probably ha
more old bachelors In the world. ~ ~
Moat women have an idea that mea~
couldn't get along without these.
To Build
Strong
Children
Supply their growing bodies
with right food, go that Brain*
and Muscle, and Bone devel
opment may evenly hslsnre
Grape-Nuts
POOD
was originated to supply, is
proper proportion, the very
elements reouired b? tha
human body tor growth and
repair.
To supply cUdren a dnh
of Grape-Nuts and cream
fog breakfast wsulsdy, is to
start diem on the road to
sturdy health.
"There's a Reason"
for
~
Sold br groom.