GERMAN REPLY MIES
WASHINGTON OFFICIALS
American Ships Engaged in Legitimate Trade
Will Not Be Interfered With Nor Lives
W* , on Neutral Ships Endangered.
MAIN CONTENTIONS OF
U. S. NOT ANSWERED
Kaiser is Willing to Permit
America to Place Four Hos
tile Ships in Passenger Ser
vice—Must Not Carry Con.
troband - Full Text of Note.
Berlin, via — Germany's
otfer, embodied In the reply to the
American note regarding the sinking
of the Lusitanla and submarine war
fare, which wag delivered to American
Ambassador Gerard in:
First, reiterated assurance that
American ships engaged In legitimate
trade will not be Interfered with nor
the lives of Americana on neutral
•hips be endangered.
Second, that German submarine*
will be instructed to allow American
passenger ships to pass freely and
cafely, Germany entertaining In re
turn the confident hope that the Am- I
erlcan government will see that these
chips do not carry contraband; such
chips to be provided with distinguish
ing marks and their arrival announc- )
«*d a reasonable time In advance. i
The same privilege is extended to a
reasonable number of neutral pas- j
cenger ships under the American Hag, j
and should the number of ships thus
available for passenger service prove
Inadequate, Germany Is willing to per
mit America to place four hostile pas
cenger steamer* under the American
flag to ply between North America
and Europe under the same condit
ions.
The text of the note follows:
"Berlin, July 8.
"The undersigned has the honor to
make the following reply to Ills Ex
cellency, Ambassador Uerard, to the
note of the 10th ultimo reference to
the impairment of American Interests
by the German submarine war.
"The Imperial Government learned |
■with satisfaction from the note how I
earnestly the government of Unit- i
ed States Is concerned In seeing the !
principles of humanity realized in tho j
present war. Also the appeal finds |
ready echo In Germany and the lm- j
perial Government Is quite willing to
permit Its statements and decisions in !
the present case to he governed by 1
the principles of humanity Just as it j
lias done always.
"The Imperial /Government wel
comed with gratitude when the Am- j
erican government In the note lit May ;
15 itself recalled that Germany al
ways had permitted Itself to be gov- j
emed by the principles of progress 1
and humanity in dealing wltli the law
of maritime war. Since tho v time
■when Frederick the (".real negotiated
with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin
«nd Thomas Jefferson the treaty of
friendship arid'Tonimerce of Septem
ber 9. 1785, between Prussia and the
Republic of the West, German and
American statesmen have, in fact, al- j
•ways stood together In the struggle
for the freedom of the seas and for
the protection of pescable trade. In
the international proceedings which
cince have been conducted for the
regulation of the laws of maritime
• war Germany and America have joint
ly advocated progressive principles,
especially the abolishhment of the
right of capture atYsea and the pro
tection of the lnter/sts of neutrals.
"Even at the beginning of the pres
ent war the German government im
mediately declared its willingness In
response to proposals of the Ainerican
Kovernment to ratify the Declaration
of London and thereby subject Itself
In the use of Its naval forces to all
the restrictions provided therein in
favor of neutrals. Germany likewise
bas been always tenacious of the
principle that war should be conduct
ed against the armed and organized
forces of an enemy country, but
that the enemy civilian population
must be spared as far as possible from
the measures of war. The Imperial
Government cherishes the definite
hope that some way will be found
when peace is concluded, or perhaps
earlier, to regulate the law of marl
time war in a manner guaranteeing
the freedom of the seas, and will wel
come It with gratitude and satisfac
tion if It can work hand-in-hand with
the American government on that oc
casion.
"If in the present war the princi
pal which thotild be the Ideal of the
future have been traversed more and
more, the longer Its duration, the
German government has no guilt
therein. It Is known to tbe American
government how Germany's adversar
ies, by completely paralysing peace
able traffic between Germany and
neutral countries, hare aimed from
rr~~ tto very beginning and witb Increasing
lack of consideration at tfcf destruc
tion, not so much of the armed fortes
as the life of the German nation, repu
diating in doing so all the rules of
i international law and disregarding all
rights of neutrals.
"On November 3, 1914, England de
jrlared the North Sea a war area and
by planting poorly anchored mines
and by the stoppage and capture of
I vessels made passage extremely dan
gerous and difficult for neutral ship
ping, so (by?) that actually blockad
j lng neutral coasts and ports contrary
to all International law. Long before ;
| the beginning of submarine war Eng- 1
land practically completely Intercept
ed legitimate neutral navigation to Ger
many also. Thus Germany was driven
to a submarine war on trade. On No
vember 14, 1914, the English Premier
declared in the House' of Commons
I that It w as one of England's principal
tasks to prevent food for the German
population from reaching Germany
i via neutral ports. Since March 1
\ England has been taking from neutral
i ships without further formallity all |
merchandise proceeding to Germany j
as well as all merchandise com
i lng from Germany, even when neu
j trnl property. Just as It was also with
11lie Boers, the German people Is now
| to be given tho choice of perishing
from starvation with its wouien and
! children or of relinquishing Its lnde
| pendence.
\/ "While our enemies thus loudly
I and openly proclaimed without mercy
| until our utter destruction, we were
conducting a war In self-defense for
our national existence and for the
sake of peace of an assured perma
nency. We have been obliged to
adopt a submarine warfare to meet
the declared intentions of our ene
mies and the methods of warfare adop
ted by them in contravention of inter
national law.
"With all its efforts In principle j
to protect neutral life and property i
from damage as much as possible, the I
German government recognized unre
j servedly In Its memorandum of Feb
ruary 4 that tho interest of neutrals i
might suffer from the submarine war
! fare. However, the American gov-;
ernment will also understand and ap
preciate that in the fight for existence j
: which. lias been forced upon Germany j
I by Its adversaries and announced by
them It is tho sacred duty of tho Itn
l perial Government to do all within lt(-
I power to protect and -save the lives
jof German subjects. If the Imperial
! government were derelict In these, its
(lutes, It would bo guilty before God
land history of the violation of those;
I principles of highest humanity which
I are the foundation of every national
I existence.
"The case of the Lusitanla shows j
with horrible clearness to what Jeop
ardizing of human lives the manner 1
iof conducting war employed by our
(adversaries leads. In the most direct
contradiction of international law,
all distinctions between merchantmen
| and war vessels have been ohllt rated
i hy.-thu order to-British merchantmen
to arm themselves and to ram subma
rines and the promise of rewards
therefor and neutrals who use nier
j chant men as travelers thereby have
been exposed In an increasing degree
| to all the dangers of war.
"If the commander of tho German
| submarine which destroyed the Lusi- i
tanla had caused the crew and passen
gers to take to the boats before tiring
a torpedo this would have meant the'
I sure destruction of lis own vessel. I
' After the experiences in sinking
j much smaller and less seaworthy ves
! sels, it was to be expected that a
j mighty ship like the Lusitanla would
I remain above water long enough even
after the torpedoing to permit passen
-1 gers to enter the ship's boats, .Cirfrum
, stances of a very peculiar kind, espe
cially the presence on board of large
quantities of highly explosive mate
j rials (word omitted, possibly 'dissipat
ed') this expectation. In addition it
: may be pointed out that if the Lusi
! tanla had been spared thousands of
leases of munitions would have been
sent to Germany's enemies and thereby
thousands of German mrt'hers and
children robbed of breadwinners.
"In the spirit of friendship whdfce
wlth the German nation has been lrn
i bued towards the Union and its lxv
| habitants since the earliest days of its
. existence, the Imperial government
j will always be ready to do all It can
! during the present war also to prevent
| the jeopardizing of lives of American
j citizens. The Imperial government
therefore repeats the assurance that
! American ships will not be hindered
j in the prosecution of legitimate ship
ping and the lives of American citizens
in neutral vessels shall not be placed
in Jeopardy.
"In order to exclude any unfore
seen dangers to American passenger
steamers. made possible in view of the
conduct of maritime war -by Ger
many's adversaries. German subma
rine* will be Instructed to permit the
free and safe passage of eucli pas
•. ■
'"HE ENTERPRISE, WTLLIAMSTOW, NORTH OAROLiyA.
senger steamers when made recog
nizable by special markings and noti
fied a reasonable time in advance. The
Imperial government, however, confi
dently hopes that the American gov
ernment will assume to guarantee
! that these vessels have no contraband
on board details of arrangements for
the unhampered passage of these ves
sels to be agreed on by the naval au
thorltis of both sides.
"In order to furnish adequate facili
ties for travel across ths Atlantic for
American citizens, the German gov
ernment submits for consideration a
proposal to increase the number of
available steamers by installing In paa
senger service a reasonable number of
neutral steamers under the American
flag, the exact number to be agreed
upon under the same condition as the
.above-mentioned American steamers.
"The Imperial government believee
it can assume that in this manner ade
quate facilities for travel across the
Atlantic Ocean can be afforded Ameri
can citizens. Tliere would, therefor,
appear to be no compelling necessity
for American citizens to travel to Eu
rope in time of war on ships carrying
an enemy flag.
"In particular, the Imperial govern
ment is unable to admit that American
citizens can protect an enemy ship
through the mere fact of their pres
; ence on hoard.
"Germany merely followed Eng
land's example when she declared part
of the high seas an area of war. Con
sequently, accidents suffered by neu
trals on enemy ships in this area of
war cannot well be Judged differently
from accidents to which neutrals are
at all times exjHwed at the seat of war
on land when they betake themselves
within dangerous localities in spite of
previous warnings.
"If. however, It should not be pos
sible for the American government to
acquire an adequate number of neu
tral passenger steamers, the Imperial
government Is prepared to interpose
no objection as to placing under the
American ling by the American gov
ernment of four enemy passeger
steamers for passenger traffic between
North America and England. Assur
ances of 'free and safe' passage for
American passenger steamers would
extend to apply under the Identical
pro-conditions to these formerly hos
tile passenger steamers.
"The presldeht of the United State*
has declared his readiness In a way
deserving of thanks, to communicate
and suggest proposal to the govern
ment of Great Britain with particular
reference to the alteration of maritime
war. The Imperial government will
always he glad to make use of the
good offices of the president and fiopea
that his efforts in the present case, as
well as In the direction of the lofty Ideal
of the freedom of the seas, will lead
to an understanding.
"The undersigned resquests the am
bassador to bring the above to the
knowledge of the American govern
ment and avails himself of the oppor
tunity to renew to His Excellency the
assurance of his most distinguished
consideration.
(Signed) "VON JAGOW."
Power of Appeal in Advertising.
San Francisco, Cal.—The growing
power of the newspaper advertisement
and Its advance to a higher plane of
moral appeal and responsibility ware
pointed out by Talcott Williams, direc
tor of the Columbia University School
of Journalism, In an address here, as
powerful and encouraging 'factors .in
the past half century's newspaper his
tory.
"The American advertisement In
the past half century has made an
advance greater than In all Its history
before through the pressure of public
opinion, the increased vigilance of
the American newspaper and the
higher .standards of the solicitor ami
advertiser," said IM\ Williams, \\h>
spoke before the International Press
i ongress at the Panama-Pacific Ex
position.
"The moral advance of the adver
tisement began the futile at
tempts to exclude lottery notices three
quarters of a century ago. Any man
I who will compare American adver
tisements with thoae of the English,
French, Herman and other European
| newspapers will find our press and
our public not apart, but together,
has raised the moral standards of out
newspapers to a level nowhere else
maintained.
"Truth In the advertisement is
rnpre and more enforced under a so
cial law which in all Jurisprodiice,
| age by age. Imposes heavier penalties
j and wider sanctions on all written
agreements which affect value. The
I American public has been the first,
as Its laws and its newspapers show,
fto see that the advertisement Much
began as the tool of trade, has become
| the weapon of democratic lnstruc
| tions.
"The use of the advertisement to
hring all causes and pleas before the
tribunal of the people will grow.
Churches, education corporations,
must turn to this agency or the public
will turn from them. The newspa
per must keep its columns worthy of
this new task and remember that all
publicity which Bhould pay is an
unjustt tax upon the publicity which
pays."
Dtnger In Waiting.
Just because an Oregop scientist de
clares that old men do the best work
is no reason, of course, why young
' fellows should put oft contemplated
achievements until the arrival of de
; clining years. It may be that the man
a accomplishes little in his early
maturity will make up for the lack
when ho starts down the western slope
of life, it doesn't Bound reasonable^
U»oweir*r r J
GERMANY'S REPLY
MOW CRISIS
CRITICAL POINT BETWEEN THE
TWO COUNTRIES HAS BEEN
REACHED.
STUDY ADDS TO PESSIMISM
Official* Feel That United States Must
Refuae to Accept Proposal* te
Americans.
Washington.—Study on Germany's
reply to the American note on sub
marine warfare strengthens the con
vl. tlon of high officials that a criti
cal point in the relations between the
two countries has been reached.
Not only do officials feel the United
States must refuse to accept Ger
man proposals for the future conduct
of American on the high seas,
it was declared, but the failure of
Germany to disavow the sinking of
tne I.usltania with the loss of Ameri
can lives, in their view, has brought
on a crisis.
That there will bf no action by the
United States for at least another
week was indicated. Several days
will be required to measure fully the
consequences and resposlbllities the
American government will Incur in
framing a policy to meet the situation.
Secretary Lansing probably will go
to Cornish, N. H., to confer with
Prenldent Wilson. Ho said he would
study the note carefully and then
communicate wth President.
Count von Bernstorff, the German
Ambassador, Intends to call on Secre
tary I.ansing during the week to learn
Informally whether he can be of any
service in the situation.
LOOK OUT FOR BOMBS ON SHIPS.
New Orleans Paper Receives Letter
Saying Bhlpa Will Be Sunk.
Washington.—Warning to look out
for bombs concealed in their holds
were flashed from the nsral wireless
towers at Arlington to two ships at
sea, which sailed from New Orleans
July S.
Sending of the warning was order
ed by Secretary Daniels after receipt
of a telegram from a New Orleans
newspaper saying a letter to that pa
per signed "Pearce" Indicated that
explosives had been placed aboard
these vessels.
The radio message was sent broad
caid over the sea and even if it is not
picked up directly by the Howth
Head or Baron Napier, some other
ship in the neighborhooa may relay
it.
Naval officers think responses may
be caught by some of the wireless
stations along the South Atlantic
coast.
Both the vessels, the British steam
ships Howth Head and Baron Napier
cleared with cargoes of mues for the
British army July 8 and sailed the
next day. the former for Dublin and
Belfast via Norfolk, and the latter di
rect for Avonniouth.
Arras Shelled by Germana.
~, Arras, France via Paris, —'9>he4ks
have lieen dropping into Arras at in
tervals ns they have boeu for twenty
five days. Every 24 hour# a few more
buildings crumple nnd burn, although
the Are department still Is efficient in
extinguishing flames.
Comment on Note.
Berlin, via London. —Paul Harmor
devotes the leading paragraph in The
Tageblatt's weekly review to not over
optimistic ccunment regarding differ
ences between America and Germany.
He refers to the American demand
that ships be warned before they are
sunk and declares this would mean
giving up the submarine as a weapon.
Women as Section Hands.
Berlin. —Women, who have gradual
ly replaced men on the German rail
roads as ticket choppers at the sta
tions. as guards, etc., are now being
installed by the management of the
Bromberg railroad as section hands.
C. A. Blakealey Dead.
Knasas City.—Charles A. Blakesiey,
41, for many years paragrapher of the
Kansas City Star, is dead.
Bryan Issues Statement.
Lon Angeles, Cal. —William Jen
nings Bryan, former Secretary of
State, issued a statement In which he
said editorial comment on Germany's
reply to the American Luaitania note
represented the extremes of senti
ment, but that he believed most of
the people were interested solely In
protecting American rights and that
they would "heartily aprove any steps
the President may see fit to take to
keep Americans out of the danger
sone or separate passengers from
contraband, especially ammunition."
War Insurance Premium Raised.
Chhristiania. —The government war
insurance premium for the merchant
marine has been raised from 12 pel
cent to 24 per cent in the case of
ships sailing in the North Sea, the
English Channel and the East At
lantic. While the insurance of ships
is handled through the government
cargo is taken care of by a mutual in
surance company nude up of ship
owners. The premium on cargo from
the United States has been Increased
to 4 per cent, while the rate from
Norway remains at 1 per cent.
FRENCH DEFEATED
WITH GAS AND BOMB
IN SAVAGE ATTACK GERMANS
WREST FROM FRENCH SOUCH
EZ CEMETERY.
LOSS ADMITTED BY FRANCE
V
Renewed Activities In Other Areas ef
France »nd Begium.—No Crises In
the East.
London.—By a savage attack In the
west the Germane beve wrested from
the French the Souchez cemetery, sev
en mile* north of Arras. The battle
was 4>ne of the severest of the war.
The cemetery taken after a gas
attack, followed by hand-to-hand fight
ing with bomb and bayonet.
The French admit the loss and are
fighting to regain the ground, which
they had won at a heavy cost.
Slowly tht French had been tight
ening their grip on the village of
Souchez. until the Germans awsre that
the capture of the entire position
would be an important step in the
French offensive toward Lens and
Lille, launched a terrific counter
stroke, which left them master of the
shattered burial ground, with more
than 150 prisoners In their hands.
Fighting among the houses which
fringe the western edge of the town
still rages.
There also has been a renewal of
activity in other areas of France and
Belgium. but nothing comparable with
the strategic Importance of the Sou
chez struggle.
The Germans claim the destruction
of the British position on Hill 60. near
Ypres, but this finds no confirmation
from either French or British sources.
The situation In Poland and Galicla
has not reached a crisis, but the public
is weary of following the complexities
of the Russian retirement and. so long
as Warsaw appears to be In no imme
diate danger, is turning to the west,
hazarding guesses as to whether the
British and French or the Germans
will be the first to take the general of
fensive. With the arrival of mid-sum
mer, this is a big question, for It is felt
that one aide or the other must strike
before long; otherwise another Winter
of tedious trench warfare Is inevitable.
BTATE POLICY IN NOTE,
Nsxt Nots To Germany Will Be Posi
tive and Specific.
Washington. Secretary Lansing
spent most of the day preparing data
and opinions for the American reply
to the latest note on submarine war
fare. He indicated that he probably
would not go to Cornish, but that
President Wilson would return soon.
The situation was described in offi
cial quarters as critical and there was
no concealment of the fact that rela
tions between Germany and the Uni
ted States has become more strained
than at any time In th«*ir history.
High officials said the policy of the
American government would be work
ed out carefully and that to meet the
situation firmly, the utmos delibera
tion was required. The information
was given out that a delay 6f possibly
a week or more in preparing an answer
might not he misinterpreted as mean
ing that the United States intended to
recede from the position it had iaken
In the two notes already sent to Berlin.
Spanish Order Submarine.
Quincy, Mass.—A contract for a 750-
ton submarine "for the Spanish navy
was closed by the Fore River Ship
building Corporation. Construction
will be begun at once.
The submarine will have a spaed of
18 knots on the surface and 11 knots
submerged. She will be equipped with
directive torpedo tubes and rapid-fire
guns and will correspond to the M tjipe
of submarines now building for the
United States navy.
Better Things For Mexico.
Washington.—With the occupation
of Mexico City by General Gonzales'
Carranza forces, officials here hope for
the establishment of a government in
that city and the uninterrupted pass
age of food supplies to the famine
stricken population.
Wilson Sees No Need For Alarm.
Cornish, N, H.—Although be does
not consider the situation critical.
President Wilson is not inclined to
underestimate the possibilities of the
problem presented by Germany's lat
est note on submarine warfare. The
President. H is declared, is firmly de
termined to uphohl the dignity of the
United States. The President receiv
ed the official text of the note and im
mediately began consideration at the
American reply. He instructed Secre-'
tary Lansing to prepare a memoran
dum on diplomatic problems involved.
Dyestuffs In Switzerland.
Washington.—Negotiations were be
gun through the trade advisors in the
state department and the bureau of
foreign and domestic commerce for co
operation between dye manufacturers
of the United States and Switzerland
to meet serious scrscity of dyestuffs
reeulting from the cutting off of Ger
man coal-tar dyes. American manu
facturers seek to utilise the Swiss dye
works pending the development of the
industry. In the United States. The
Swiss plants have received from Ger
many a quantity of supplies, -r-
A 25-YEAR CASE
OF ECZEMA CURED
Mr. Butler Edgar of Danville, Pa.,
writes: "I have bad an aggravated
eass of Eczema for over 25 year*. My
hands were unsightly for a great part
of that long period. I hare used seven
60c. bottles of Hancock'* Sulphur
Compound and one Jar of Hancock's -
Sulphur Ointment. I feel as though
I bad a brand new pair of hands. My
case has been neh an aggravated
one. Hancock's Sulphur Compound
has cured me and I am certain it will
cure anyone if they persist In using it
according to directions." Hancock's
Sulphur Compound and Ointment are
sold by all dealers. Hancock Liquid
Sulphur Co.. Baltimore, Md. —Adv.
No Sals.
"Can I interest you In a set of the
Secret Memoirs of the Court of Loula
XIV?'" asked the book agent.
"No, you can't,' answered his in
tended victim. "I'm all fed up with
that kind of reading. I'm a court
stenographer, snd I've Just finished
transcribing the testimony in a sensa
tional divorce case."
Good Fortune.
"I found a four-leaf clover on my
lawn today," said Mr. Croaslots.
"1 suppose you think that's lucky?"
"I do. I'm lucky to find snything
in that lawn except dandelions and
ragweed."
A woman has more honor than a
man—that is, more clothes on 'er.
To Cleanse o f>
Rusty Nail jJr r
Wounds >Ki\ :
It to the Z
Bottom . If NA -
v *7
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w - N. U, CHARLOTTE. NO. 29-1118,