North Carolina Newspapers

GERMANS CAPTURE 816 RUSSIAN PORT RIGA l« IVACUATED BY DEFEND RRB WHO FLEE E*3TWARD IN DISORDER. ROAD TO PETROGRAO OPEN Great Fortress and Arsenals May Have Been Destroyed Before Evacuation. No Indications of Russians Estab lishing New Line. Riga, Russia's big port on the Gulf of Riga, is In the hands of the Ger mans and its garrison and the civilian population are in retreat eastward. Follow ng up rapidly the advantage they gained in driving the Russians across the Dlvina river on both sides of Uxkull last Saturday, the Germans threw bridges across this stream ond aoon were on the heels of the former defenders, some of whom offered re sistance, but others of whom showed the white feather, giving the Invaders no trouble In marching up th£>fh»stern bank of the Divina toward Riga, 15 miles distant. Seeing the disaffection and the Inability to stem the tide of the advance, the Russian commander or dered*an evacuation. With the falling back of the Rus sians from the city proper and the ad vance of the Oermans northwurd along both sides of the stream, the Rus sians still defending the western bank around !>ahmlen seemingly are In dan ger of being caught between the two fast moving bodies of the enemy and made prisoners Behind them th e Russians In their retreat from Riga are laying the coun try In waste, burning villages and farms Whether the city Itself remains Intact has not yet been made known hut doubtless the gun s In the fortress and the ammunition stores either were moved or destroyed to prevent them from falling Into the hands of the Ger mans. Aside from the strategic value of controlling the gulf of Riga and of n base nearer the mouth .of the Gulf of Finland of the head of which Pctro grad Is situated for the moment It Is Impossible to see the Importance of the German gain especially with the near approach of winter, when mili tary operations In this northern region | are almost Impossible. Where the Rus j Bians will draw their new line In the north to connect with that below the point of penetration by the Germans also remains to be seen. On none of the other fronts have there been operations of great moment excopt In the Austro Italian theater, where the Italians have made further progress on the lluinslzza pleateau and In the Ilrestovizza Valley anil at various points along the line have re- | pulsed fresh counter-attacks launched I by the Austrlans. Throughout this ! entire theater violent artillery duels are In progress from Tolmlno to the I sea. Advices to the Italian embassy in Washington are to the effect that | along the front of the present offensive ; the Austrlans have lost more than 128,000 men. Reports from Udlne, , Italy, give the Austrian losses as one- j third of the first line army. The batteries of Field Marshal Halg ' are still pouring an Incessant fire , against the German trenches in Flan- | ders .but as yet the anticipated new dash by his men to capture them has not started. WORLD CONFLICT WILL END "WHEN WE WIN IT." In Labor Day Address Secretary Baker Says We Will Win. Newport News, Va - Before one of the largest crowds ever assembled here for a labor day celebration. Sec- j retary of War Newton I> llaker de I clared that the war with Germany will end "when we win It." paid a high ' tribute to Samuel Gompers, president j of the American Federation of Labor, j and to labor and laboring men gener- J ally; urging his hearers to assist in every way possible to win the war, and proclamed Newport News and vicinity "one of the most active cen ters of war preparation in the coun try." Discußsing war. and after re viewing its cause, he drew a vivid word picture of the horrible slaugh ter of innocent women and children, and declared that the question Is "whether authocracy or democracy Bhall rule the world." In closing Mr. Baker said that the country has a firm determination to flight until victory is won,, so that "in ! one hand we will hold victors, and J in the other the mantle of Justice and | will wipe out all bitterness, and bring i together the great brotherhood of man ; for which we are now contending." ABBOCIATED PRESS AROUSED OVER ARIZONIA CENSORSHIP. Phoenix, Ariz.—Acting upon com plaint of Melville E. Stone, general manager of the Associated Press, At torney General Wiley E. Joneai took up with Thomas A. Flynn, United Statpf district attorney, the mater of tht censorship exercised by officials qf the Phelps Dodge corporation over tht Wasters Union office at Bisbee at th time of the deportation of Industrie Workers of the World from that plac« ,t» Jaly L REAR ADMIRAL CAPHS 7w% / B " J9 JM M ■HMlljwiljj Rear Admirsl Washington L. Capps, for many years chief constructor of the navy, has been appointed to suc ceed General Qoethals as chief of the emergency fleet corporation. PRICE OF WHEAT $2.20 BU. ! APPLIE9 TO PURCHASES MADE »Y GOVERNMENT FOR AMER ICA AND ALLIES. ■ Food Administration Expects Compro mise Price of $2.20 to Control and Stabilize Markets, Lowering the Cost of Living. Washington.—The price of No, 1 northern spring wheat wuh fixed at 12.20 a bushel at Chicago for the 1(117 crop by the wheat fair price commit tee, beaded by H. A. Garfield, whose findings reached after three days' de liberation, were submitted to and ap proved by President Wilson. The announcement was made from the White House. Labor representatives on the com mittee voted llrst for f 1 84 and the farmers $2.50. After long discussions the compromise at $2.20 was approved unanimously. On the base of $2.20 at Chicago the food administration worked oat- dif ferentials for the various grades and classes and for the several terminals. The price fixed is twenty cents high er than that named for the 1918 crop by congress In the food control bill. The $2 price set by congress was tak en into consideration by the commit tee in considering a ralr valuation for this year's crop. In a statement accompanying the announcement of the price, President Wilson declares It Is the hope of the food administration, and his own as well, that the fixing of a price will stabilize the market and keep prices within moderate bounds for all trans actions during the current year. The price of flour and bread, too, the president declares, will be kept down. The fact that the United States Is at war, the need of encouraging the producer, and the necessity of reduc ing the cost of living to the consumer. All members agreed In their discus sions that the price fixed will permit of a fourteen-ounce loaf of bread for five cents, allowing a i'nir profit both to the flour manufacturer and the baker. The price differentials worked out j by the food administration are: No. 1 dark hard winter, $2.24; hard j winter basic, $2 20; red winter basic, $2.20; yellow hard winter, $2 16; soft rod winter, $2 18; dark northern spring, $2 24; red spring, $2.18; hump back, $2.10; amber durum, $2.24; du rum basic, $2.20; red durum, $2.1.1; red walla, $2.13; hard white basic, $2.20; soft white. $2.18; white club, $2.16. HORRIBLE TREATMENT IS GIVEN PRISONERS OF WAR. Washington.—Starved, beaten and subjected to many indignities, prison ers of war in Germany are being com pelled to work In trenches and fields under the fire from the armies of their own countries. Reports made by Rus sian soldiers 'who have escaped from Germany and which have been trans mitted to the state department, say prisoners of all nationalities are used on work just behind the llntfa and within range of the guns. MANY EMPTY FREIGHT ... s. CARS ORDERED SOUTHWARD. New Yor*. —More than 7,000 addi tional empty freight cars have been ordered into the and southwest within the last ten days to protect movements of grain and food products and to facilitate lumber transporta tion for cantonments and shipyards, it was announced here by Fairfax Har rison, chairman of the railroads war board. Nearly 2 500 of these cars have been placed in grain producing states; 4,537 Into lumber states. t w * s THE ENTERPRIBX, WILLIAMSTON, NORTH CAROLINA CHIGA6O OFFICIALS CLASH OVER ORDERS GOVERNOR OF ILLINOIS AND CHICAGO MAYOR CRITICIBE EACH OTHER. PEACE SOCIETY IS FORMED Psclfists Organise in Chicago Under Police Protection While Soldier* Speed to Break Up the Gathering and Diaperae the Organizers, Chicago.—After being driven from three states, the People's Council America for Democracy and th'' Term of I'eace perfected a formal or ranlzatlon at a public meeting in Chicago. The session was held under protec tion of the police, acting on order* from Mayor William Male Thompson, which were in defiance of Governor Lowden. Four companies of national guardsmen rushed from the state capital on a special train to prevent the meeting arrived after It had ad Journed, its purpose accomplished. The dash in authority between Mayor Thompson and Governor Low den came as the result of the action of the police In breaking up the pa 1 lists' meeting on orders from the gov emor. When the mayor, who was at his summer home nf Lake Forest heard of It he declared that the gov ernor hail exceeded Ills authority and Immediately Instructed Chief of I'o-1 lice Schuettler to permit the meeting and to give the delegates every pro lection. When the paclfllsts heard of the mayor action Immediate prepara tlons were made to hold the meeting which had been prevented in Mlnne sota, North Dakota and Wisconsin and had been forbidden as unpatrlotl and disloyal by the government of Illinois. Organization Formed. The delegates gathered shortly af ter noon at the West Side adltorlum In the heart of a cosniopolltaln quar ter. Patrolmen were on guard Inside and outside the building to suppress any disorder. Nearby streets were utterly deserted as the delegates took their .places and were called to order by Seymour Stedman, former Social Ist candidate for governor of Illinois as temporary chairman. In the meantime Governor Lowden had been notified of the defiance of his orders and immediately called Ad jutant General Dickson of Illinois Into conference. It was found that as most of the Illinois national guards men had been federalized the governor had no tropps at his disposal In the Chicago district. An effort was made to reach Major Genernl Carter, com mander of the central department, to obtain his permission to use federal troops, but he could not be found In time. SIXTY-FIVE BALES BET AS MINIMUM CAR LOAD War Board Will Take Bteps to Ease Tremendous Pressure Upon Rail ways During Fall Months. New York.—An order prohibiting the shipping of cotton in quantities loss than sixty-five bales a car and requir ing as many more to be loaded as the size of the car will permit, has been Issued by the raliroads war board. It was announcewd here. Notice has been sent to buyers of cotton with a request that they place orders on a basis of not less than sixty five bales or multiples thereof. , The movement of the cotton crop which is scheduled to begin this fall at a time when "a combination of gov ernment and commercial business will be bringing tremendous pressure to bear upon the railroads' was given as the reason for the order In n statement issued by Fairfax Harrison, chairman of the board. "In the southwest and Mississippi delta districts the average car will load 66 bales," the statement said, "consequently buyers are asked to or der In multiples of 65 from the south west and In multiples of 75 from the southeast districts. WANT 22,000,000 CHILDREN FOR JUNIOR RED CROSB Washington.—Launching of a Junior Red Cross membership lr. which will be open to all school children of the United States, was announced by the American Red Cross It Is hoped to as semble 22,000,000 children Into a body that materially will assist In the work of the main organization. The move ment was planned by Dr. H. N'. Mc- Crncken, president of Vassar, with the co-operation of many educational \ authorities. ELEVEN OF EVERY 1000 80LDIERS AT FRONT DIE Washington.—About eleven soldiers ' are killed in action or die of wounds in each 1,000 of mobilised strength on the western European front according to figures compiled by the committee , on public information, based on the report that during the Marne and Charlerol battles casualties were 5.41 estimates of military erperts in this per cent of this mobilised strength and country that fatalities have never ex ceeded twenty per cent of casualties. DOCTOR MARKLAND i nn Doctor Markland Is the only female •urgeon In the Britlah army and la con sidered one of the moat skilful sur geons in the world. SUFFER NO COUNTER-REVOLT MOSCOW CONFERENCE EXPECTS TO SOON BRING 80ME PRAC TICAL REBULTB. Kerensky Declares That New Freedom In Russls Is Now Public Property; Cannot Be Wrested From the People. Moscow. Premier Kerensky !n (•losing the Russian conference said I hat although the different political groups had criticised the provisional government, they had shown clearly a deslfe to arrive at an agreement. The provisional government." declar ed the premier, "will stand on guard over the revolution. It will suffer ni counter-revolutionary attempts, what ever he their source, for the provision al government is the Incarnated will of the whole Russian people. It does not regret having convoked the con ference nt Moscow, which although it has not yielded practical results, has allwed all Russian cltlr.ens to say frankly what they think necessary for the state." Premier Kerensky then spoke of the services rendered to the country by the revolutionary democracy, which, he observed, took power at a terrible moment In the life of the state. "Whoever endeavors to wrest their conquests from the people," he con cluded, "will never succeed for they have now become public property." WILSON APPROVES PLAN TO BUIL DESTROYERS Gives Daniels His Consent to Lay Plan, Involving Expenae of $550,- 000,000 Before Congress. Washington.—President Wilson ap proved estimates of the navy depart ment for the expenditure of an addi tional $650,000,000 for new destroyers to combat German submarines. The project will be laid before Congress immediately by Secretary Daniels. Provisions will be sought to expend $225,000,000 of the total appropria tion on construction or purchase and expansion of engine and shipbuilding plants to provide the facilities needed. The present' destroyer building capac ity of the country is fully engaged on contracts already given. To reach new labor centers where the skilled men can be found to do the work quickly. It is indicated that the new engine building plants proposed will be placed in the interior of the coun try. REICHSTAG TO MEET AGAIN SEPTEMBER 26. Berlin, via London.—The reichstag main committee had a btJef session for further discussion of the adminis tration of occupied territory. Its de- Uebrations of the last two days have of ft highly confidential nature, and no report of the proceedings has been published. The v committee will ad journ Wednesday until the reconven ing of the reichstag which will take place September 26. BREAK GROUND FOR NEW PROJECTILE PLANT. W T ashingtyn. Secretary Daniels left for Charleston, W. Va., to attend ceremonies there in connection with the breaking of ground for the $2,- 000,000 navy projectile plant which la to be ready for operation neat April. Rear Admiral Fletcher and other members of the as vol board accom panied the secretary. Plans for the $15,000,000 armor plate factory locat ed on the same tract of land have not been completed. LAID AND SEA DRIVE ON RIGA IS PLANKED NAVAL ACTIVITY NEAR GREAT SLAV PORT INDICATES DUAL OFFENSIVE. * RUSSIAN SHIPS ARE BOMBED 1 » • £> In the North of Dvinsk the Ruesians Have Taken the Offensive and Are Carrying Out Raiding Operationa.— Italians Renew Offensive. Having failed in all their direct attacks by land to break the Russian front and capture Riga, Russia s prin cipal naval base and arsenal on the Baltic, the possibility that the Ger mans are now preparing for an of fensive by land and sea is forecast in the maneuvers of their topedoboat destroyers, submarine and mine-sweep ing trawlers in adjacent waters and in aerial attacks in the gulf of Riga itself. Forty airplanes of the enemy have winged their flight over the waters of the gulf dropping bombs. Ninety of these missiles were loosed upou Rus sian warships and harbor works and raids were also carried out against islands in the gulf. What damage, If any. .resulted, is not stated in the Russian official communication. Neither Russian nor Berlin war of fices has announced the recommence ment of infantry activity in the marshy district west of Riga, where recently the Germans made advances, although Berlin says that northwest of Dvinsk. in the region of lllukst, the Russians have taken the offensive and are carrying out raiding oper ations. The situation on the other sectors of the Russian front has changed materially. The Italians are still making gains on the Bainslzza plateau north of Gorlzla and also have renewed their offensive to the south on the Carso plateau. More than 600 additional Austrian prisoners and Ave machine guns have been captured In the Bain slzza region. South of this region, on the dominating peak of Monte San gadlele, more groifhd has been taken. SECOND LIBERTY LOAN DRIVE IS ANNOUNCED. Great Campaign to Begin October I. Details Depend on Congress. Washington.—The opening of the next liberty campaign has been set tentatively by the treasury depart ment for October 1. Subscription books will close No vember 1 unless the program is alter ed. The amount, the Interest rate, the denominations of the bonds and other details will be announced after Congress disposes of the pending bond bill. Indications are that the next offer ing will approximate $3,000,000,000. Whether It will be advertised by the government through paid newspaper space is under consideration, but Sec retary McAdoo said the cost of such an undertaking would exceed the ap propriation now available for the pur- He added that there could be no action until more light had been re ceived as to the cost of effective ad vertising campaign and until Congress had decided what amount will be al lowed for advertising for future is Bues. Under the war revenue bill, passed last April. $7,000,000 was made avail able for expenses of floating $5,000,- 000.000 In bonds and $2,000,000,000 In short time certificates of Indebted ness. It Is reported that about half already has been disbursed in con nection with the flotation of the $2.- 000.000.000 liberty bonds first offered and the certificates of Indebtedness put out In advance of the loan. DEPOSED EMPEROR OF ABYSSINIA IS CAPTURED. London.—LldJ Jeassu, the deposed emperor of Abyssinia, who escaped from Magdala. has been captured, ac cording to a dispatch to The Dally Mall from Jibuti, French , Somali! land. COTTON PRODUCTION ESTIMATES INCREASE. Washington. Cotton production prospects Improved to the extent of 450.000 bales during August and brought the estimate of final out turn to 12.499.000 equivalent 500 pound bales. That quantity was forecast by the department of agriculturfe on the condition of the crop August 25. which showed decline of 2.5 points compar ed with a ten year average of 6.6 points decline. Acre yield was fore casted at 174.6 pounds. The cotton crop forecast compares with 11,949,000 bales as estimated from the condition of the crop July 25 and 11.633.000 bales as estimated from the condition on June 25. Last year's crop was 11,449,930 bales, two years ago 11.191,820, three years ago 16,134.930 and four years ago 14,- 156.486. j Condition by states follow: Virginia, 76; North Carolina, 69; South Carolina, 74; Georgia, $8; Flor ldi, 65; Alabama 65; Mississippi, 75; Texas, 55; Arkansas 79; Tennessee, 80; Oklahoma, 84; California $0: Arlsona. St. . USE ALL APPLES . YOU CAN TO SAVE FOOD FOR ALLIES Americans Should Eat Fruit and Vegetables So Meat and Wheat May Be Sent ' Overseas. Oar allies ID war against the kaiser •re very much in need of meat and wheat. If they are to pull through the fall and winter successfully, we must send them all of these staples we can. It will be necessary for Americans at home to eat more perishable food ar ticles—like fruij and vegetables that cannot well be sent abroad. For this reason Uncle Sam's food administration is taking the keenest Interest In this year's apple crop. The government wants us to eat more ap ples than ever before so that the wheat and meat supplies may go to help win the war, A campaign of ed ucation along this line is soon to start. This year's apple crop calls for in telligent handling. The latest govern ment rejwtrts Indlrate a crop of about 100.000,000 bushels. That Is a little below normal. Good prices are assured for all honestly packed, first quality apples, and also for honestly packed, selected Becond grades, which govern ment experts say can be put Into stor age. When the crop is big it does not pay to store second grades, but this year, despite the fact that we cannot ship our usual 2,000.000 barrels of ap ples abroad, because shipping space Is precious, we should be able to get fair prices for all good apples at hom%. Careless packing of poor quality fruit has always been one of the chief causes of market Instability and un satisfactory prices to the growers. This year the whole apple Industry Is co-operating to remove this market handicap. There has never been an apple year such as this one Is going to be. Growers have never been able to get together and engage and finance a national educational campaign among consumers to Increase apple consumption. This year the situation makes It necessary for the United Btates government, through the food administration, to conduct a consum er's campaign of publicity on behalf of the apple. This campaign will begin while the crop Is being sent to market, and will probably continue until the last npple Is eaten up late next spring. So the grower has three great Incen tives for grading, packing and storing this crop with especial care. 1. It is a good crop and calld for care. , 2. The government will encourage apple eating and app|e storage and will discourage speculation that raises the price abnormally. 8. We must eat up at home more than two million barrels of apples, which would ordinarily be exported. To get the best of the crop to the market in prime condition it must be picked carefully at the time of ma turity and promptly cooled In tem porary storage, and then skillfully graded and packed. Second grade fruit should not go into barrels or boxes. If it cannot be marketed In bulk In near-by consuming center*, then it should be worked up Into by products along with the culls. There has been a gratifying Im provement In apple marketing the past two or three years. Western applea are boxed to strictly honest standards, by the great co-operative growers' or ganizations in Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho and Colorado. The eastern barrel apple has also been wonderfully Improved In New York and other states. Because apples are honestly packed and give the best pos sible value for the money, there Is an Increase In the consumer demand. Re tail merchants who were formerly al most afraid to buy apples In barrels, because they were not sure of getting marketable values for their money, are now buying freely and In confi dence. This good work makes It pos sible for the government to go further and encourage the use of apples as a war-time food measure. Because the bulk of the crop will be picked by volunteer workers this year, and put Into common storage until tlfS grower can find time to grade and pack, there will be an opportunity to give closer personal attention to the grading and packing than might be the case If the crop were handled as in peace times. For the grower who de sires instructions in apple packing, the department of agriculture at Wash ington has Information In bulletin form. These bulletins can be secured free by writing to .the department. Growers #lll do well to obtain a few copies for their pickers and packers. The Familiar Face. "I suppose prohibition made a great difference in Crimson Gulch." "Not as much as you'd think," re plied Broncho Bob. "The man who used to be boss bartender has gotten a Job as teller In the bank and Is takln' in all the money, Just the same." Delays In Congress. "How will you explain to your con stituents," we chidlngly asked, "your action in delaying the business of this great nation by indulging in long-wind ed oratory while matters of tremen dous Importance wait?" "Of tremen dous Importance?" naively answered Benator Slush. "Why, what can possi bly be of more Importance than my ■peechr—Kansas City Star. • t Avoid the Hypocrite. "A bad man is worse when he pc*> tends to be a saint."—Bacon.